Post Archive
Region: Commonwealth of Liberty
The Bamako Conference: Part 2, The Death of the Dream?
| Senghor sat amongst the crowd of representatives. His nerves were eating away at him. After nearly two weeks of waiting for the reconvening of the conference, it had finally come. Sitting next to him was Modibo Keïta looking very smug and pleased. The two of them had begged, charmed, bribed, and threatened every representative they could into joining them. They could now only hope their efforts had been enough to secure as many of the 7 colonies and two protectorates of French West Africa as they could.
First would be the delegation from Agadez. Senghor did not think they could be swayed to joining, and even then the Sahel region had been a drain on every empire in history, he doubted the usefulness of the region offsetting the cost. Akrud Ag Ihemma approached the podium cleared his throat and began to speak.
AAI: ”Amedray (brothers), after much consideration with other members from the clans of Agadez we must reject your proposal.
Even between the National Movement for Agadez, and the Hausa Freedom Party, we both agree that joining ourselves to the proposed political and economic state will destroy our cultural identities. Furthermore, we see the attempts to modify and remove parts of one’s own culture as inherently oppressive, evil, and European. We also do not wish the southerners to dominate us politically and economically. Thank you, and goodnight.”
| With that the members of the National Movement of Agadez, and the Hausa Freedom Party both departed the conference hall.
Senghor sighed and prepared for the next delegation from the Azawad Protectorate, of course, he expected the same outcome, Arab-Sub-Saharan relations had been historically filled with ethnic strife, slavery, and castes. While he had done his best to explain to the representatives, and even the Tuareg clans through numerous letters and pamphlets his intention to build a new society free from ethnic strife had done very little good. His alliance with Keïta further pushed the Tuaregs away who had no intention to buy into the idea of breaking their lineages and noble families.
Next to speak was Louen Ag Ould he was a leading delegate of the representatives of Azawad, the impoverished developed protectorate of the two Tuareg states.
LAO ” Good evening Amedray. I am Louen, and I act as the representative for the noble Tuareg people of Azawad.
We in Azawad reject any attempt to unite with this new so-called Federation of Mali. Its centralized politics, alliance with communists like Modibo Keïta, and his ilk, and the attempts to crush our proud native culture, and caste system, are why we must deny all attempts at unity. Despite this, we are unlike Agadez as we wish to remain warm friends, and close economically. The Tuareg clans in our protectorate have made our money off of trade between the Arab and African world, and we will continue to do so.”
| Sitting in the crowd Leopold Senghor was relatively surprised, while yes Tuareg culture and history were generally dependent on formulation and guidance of the trade routes through the Sahara, he hadn't expected Azawad to act so pragmatically. He shook his head, maybe the Tuaregs were right, maybe the biases, and stereotypes of the Sub-Saharan Africans and Arabs were currently unreasonable and not able to be overcome, at least for the time being.
Next up, Bloc des Nationalistes Africains would speak. The irony had not been lost on Senghor of them using French for their name. This bloc worried Senghor the most. If he had failed to convince them then the dream was dead. Mauritania, Ivory Coast, Niger, and Togoland, losing all of them would reduce his dream to a rump Sudan, Senegal, and Guinea.
The representative for the entire Nationalist Bloc would be Gnassingbé Eyadéma. A well-respected military officer who had led African soldiers in numerous French campaigns, Eyadéma was also controversial for his often fascistic beliefs. Despite his controversy, he was well-loved and revered among the nationalist cause due to his strong defense of African independence. Striding up to the podium in his full military uniform covered in medals, Senghor rolled his eyes, Eyadéma had also been a glory hound and a buffoon.
GE “Subordonnés I speak to you today not only on behalf of the Bloc des Nationalistes Africains but also every true African man. We will NOT follow your socialist drivel, your pro-french rhetoric, or your anti-African nationalism. The representatives of the Southern Ivory Coast, further denounce the separatism of the Mandé Northern and Central Ivory Coast, and wish them to hell!
This statement shall include and is supported by Songhai-Niger, Togoland, and Dahomey except for the coast, Mauritania, and Southern Ivory Coast. We also support our brothers in Agadez and Azawad in deciding to separate our two people. Racial and ethnic integration and multiculturalism will only weaken us. Long live the African people!”
| The room exploded into chaos. Between rapturous applause, and deafening yells of support and condemnation. Some of the men had to be restrained for fear of escalation into full-scale violence. In the center of it, all sat Leopold Senghor. Defeated and broken he didn't even bother to hear Mathieu Kerekou also announce his support for a far-left nationalist alliance. His dream had failed, and the ideal of a pan-Malian post-colonial state was defeated. The World around him grew dark, all those men had died for nothing. The people had been defeated by nationalists and fascists at home, and that rot in the colony had found its way to the soul of the people.
He was eventually shaken from his stupor by Modibo Keïta who was still smiling.
MK: ”Congratulations Comrade!”
LS: ”Congratulations? We failed, we lost the entire east, the north, and even the south. What is there to be happy about? We have nothing left.”
LS: ”Stop being so gloomy all the time comrade. You just pulled together an amazing feat. Sudan, Senegal, Guinea and the northern Ivory Coast! The Mossi, Fula, and Mandé are marching together in a union again! Not since the days of the Malian Empire have we had this chance. Now stop being so sour and come give your representatives a speech, before they all leave due to your attitude.”
| With that, Keïta sauntered into the crowd of chattering representatives. Senghor chuckled, while he still didn’t believe Keïta wasn’t manipulating him, he couldn’t help also think he may not be all bad. So even if Senghor didn’t didn’t get the exact unification he had hoped for, he wasn’t sad, instead he had renewed hope that others had seen and agreed with his ideals, and that there was for the first time hope for his future. Senghor whispered under his breath, “you did not die in vain” and quickly went to join the other representatives.
Senghor, and Keïta’s African Regroupment Party would be created on that date March 4, 1956, and the idea of The Federation of Mali would be born soon after. The path of independence now laid open.
Amsterwald, Osivoii, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria
[list]April 1956
[sub]National Agriculture Advance[/sub][/list]
[list][list][pre]खाद्य और कृषि मंत्री राजेंद्र प्रसाद ने नई खाद्य और कृषि नीतियों की शुरुआत की अध्यक्षता की
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE MINISTER RAJENDRA PRASAD PRESIDES OVER THE INITIATION OF NEW FOOD AND AGRICULTURE POLICIES[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][sub]APRIL 1956 | अप्रैल 1956[/sub][/list]
[list] | [sub]In 1952, with the formation of Jawaharlal Nehru's first prime ministerial cabinet, Rajendra Prasad was appointed as Union Minister for Food and Agriculture, having served in the position under the Constituent Assembly from 1946 to 1947, before his stint as Assembly President from 1947 to 1950. Prasad was a major player in the Indian independence movement and was an enthusiastic supporter of President Mahatma Gandhi, from then 'till now, although he was considered for the position of president - which considering the scope of the INC's 1952 electoral victory was at this point in time a position selected by the Congress and its membership. A journalist and scholar by education but a grounded, agriculture-oriented politician by experience, Prasad positioned himself as one of the more influential ministers in Nehru's cabinet when he ascended to the post of the chief for food and agriculture. He took advantage of Nehru's socialist-leaning policies to advance his policies of strengthening the rights of farmers and re-allocating unowned land to the farmers who already till and plant on it. From 1954 to 1955, Prasad oversaw the initiation of a national $10 million program to build up farm infrastructure and expand public access to farm-sourced and locally-sourced produce and agricultural goods. With the opening of the 1956 session of the Lok Sabha (India's legislature), Prasad organized meetings with influential deputies and with the Prime Minister, Nehru himself, to discuss his grand vision for India's food and agriculture industries.[/sub] |
[list][pre]▌PRASAD's AGRICULTURE VISION: Continue expanding access for the public to farmers' produce and goods; Establish rural development grants programs for local state governments to incentivize development of rural areas; Institute new zoning laws and land ownership laws to shift the profits to farmers, who are oftentimes blocked from receiving the majority of their sales earnings; Subsidize the introduction of new technologies into India's agriculture and farming; Provide low-cost housing for rural areas; Invest in job development outside of urban city sprawls to encourage rural population growth;[/pre][/list]
| [sub]The plan would be dubbed by Prasad as the National Agriculture Advance ("राष्ट्रीय कृषि अग्रिम"), and would be established as a 10-year plan to boost India's agricultural outputs, support quality of life improvements in the livelihoods of farmers, see increases in rural-based incomes, and support the overarching national agenda of developing a common Indian identity. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru (INC) would put forward his endorsement of the plan on 12 January 1956, with the Lok Sabha's relative committee voting to ratify the bill and move it forward to floor debate. The Praja Socialist Party offered their support for the bill after amendments were included to secure protections for farmers from corruption and mismanagement by their employers or by tax collectors. Swiftly moving through the legislature, the Lok Sabha voted 376-123 to pass the bill securing national funding for the next three (3) fiscal years.[/sub] |
| [sub]Prasad, harnessing his skills as a skilled administrator and public speaker, would immediately set to work presiding over the initiation and implementation of the new policies. Working in tandem with India's tax collection agencies and authorities, the first acts issued by the Prime Minister and the Union government to the states would be requiring the establishment of new offices and the dispatching of Union government personnel to root out tax collection corruption and misuse of funds and appropriations. Before releasing the funds allocated by the bill, Prasad would also direct for the assigned offices and authorities to conduct an audit of planned projects and keep transparency when it comes to how the funds are spent. While the vastness of the Indian government and its bureaucracy can be attributed in no small part to widespread reports of corruption and moral fallacies among members of government and their representatives, efforts would continue to be made nonetheless to ensure that the allocated funds are sent into the programs they were assigned to, and said programs begin work on time.[/sub] | [/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Osivoii, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
Upcoming visits to the USSR, Yugoslavia and Poland
April 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
| Comrade Constantin Rotaru, General Secretary of The Communist Party of Romania, President of The Presidium of The Great National Assembly, President of The Socialist Republic of Romania, and Supreme Commander of The People's Army, has expressed his intention to visit The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and The People's Republic of Poland. The visits are expected to take place starting with April 1956 and are considered an important diplomatic mission in light of the cooling relations between Romania and the other socialist countries in recent years.
| The last few years have seen a decline in the relations between Romania and the other socialist countries, particularly with the Soviet Union. Romania's pursuit of a more independent foreign policy and economic reforms has led to tensions with the Soviet leadership, who perceive Romania's actions as a deviation from the socialist path. Furthermore, the Soviet Union has accused Romania of harboring nationalist sentiments and being too accommodating to Western interests.
| The primary purpose of Rotaru's visits is to address the concerns of the other socialist countries and strengthen the ties between them. The visits are also an opportunity for Rotaru to demonstrate Romania's commitment to socialism and reassure the other countries of its solidarity. In addition, the visits will provide an opportunity for Rotaru to discuss economic cooperation and regional security issues.
| One of the highlights of the visits is expected to be Rotaru's meeting with Nikita Khrushchev, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The meeting is expected to be a crucial one, given the deteriorating relations between Romania and the Soviet Union in the last couple of years. Comrade Rotaru is expected to use the meeting to address the concerns of the Soviet leadership and reassure them of Romania's commitment to the socialist cause. He is also expected to seek Khrushchev's support for Romania's economic reforms and independent foreign policy.
| The General Secretary of The Communist Party of Romania, President of The Presidium of The Great National Assembly, President of The Socialist Republic of Romania, Supreme Commander of The People's Army, Constantin Rotaru, has also announced his intention to build a dam on the Danube, which would be shared with Yugoslavia. This project is expected to have a significant impact on the economic development of both Romania and Yugoslavia, and the meeting with Yugoslavian leader Tito is highly anticipated.
This topic is a priority when visiting Belgrade in order to meet Marshall Josip Broz Tito.
"Traiasca Partidul Comunist Roman in frunte cu al sau General Secretar, Tovarasul Constantin Rotaru, iubit si stimat conducator al Republicii Socialiste Romania! "
April 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[pre]| APRIL АПРЕЛЬ 1956 |[/pre]
[list][list][list][pre]USSR ★ UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS
Союз Советских Социалистических Республик CCCP |[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
SOVIET MILITARY AND POLITICIANS AFFIRM GUARANTEES TO KURDISTAN:
AS IRANIAN POLITICIANS ONCE AGAIN CHANGE THEIR STANCES, SOVIET OFFICIALS AFFIRM AHMED THEIR STANCE OF DEFENSE FOR KURDISTAN STAYS UNWAVERING!
СОВЕТСКИЕ ВОЕННЫЕ И ПОЛИТИКИ ПОДТВЕРЖДАЮТ ГАРАНТИИ КУРДИСТАНУ:
ПОСКОЛЬКУ ИРАНСКИЕ ПОЛИТИКИ ЕЩЕ РАЗ МЕНЯЮТ СВОЮ ПОЗИЦИЮ, СОВЕТСКИЕ ЧИНОВНИКИ ПОДТВЕРЖДАЮТ СВОЮ ПОЗИЦИЮ ЗАЩИТЫ КУРДИСТАНА ОСТАЕТСЯ НЕПОКОЛЕБИМОЙ!
[pre]| The most recent provocations against the sovereignty of Kurdistan being the Iranian decision to support the illegal claims of the Hashemite on Kurdistan only emboldened Soviet resolve to prove without a doubt the magnitude of how far the Soviets will go to defend Kurdistan. This war would not be contained to Kurdistan should it break out and nations such as Iran and Turkey join in. “The vultures of the Middle East will not feast as long as the Soviet Bear is around” Khrushchev said in recent correspondence to Kurdish officials. Soviet troops of Transcaucasia and Northern Caucasus have been on the alert for years now. Ready to deploy in a moment's notice to the Iranian and Kurdish-Hashemite border should conflict break out. |[/pre]
-Soviet Troops of the Caucuses & Southern Russia -
- 6th Tank Corps, Baku [Men:45,000]
- 95th Motor Rifle Division, Xolmili [Men:15,000]
- 94th Motor Rifle Division, Beylagan [Men:15,000]
- 93rd Motor Rifle Division, Kapan [Men:15,000]
- 10th Motor Rifle Corps, Yerevan [Men:45,000]
- 92nd Motor Rifle Division, Gyumri [Men:15,000]
- 14th Tank Division, Tbilisi [Men: 15,000]
- 91st Motor Rifle Division, Akhaltsikhe [Men:15,000]
- 22nd Motor Rifle Corps, Batumi [Men: 45,000]
- 96th Motor Rifle Division, Sokhumi [Men:15,000]
- 183rd Motor Rifle Division, Makhachkala [Men:15,000]
- 158th Motor Rifle Division, Grozny [Men:15,000]
- 192nd Motor Rifle Division, Stavropol [Men:15,000]
- 4th Tank Corps, Krasnodar [Men: 45,000]
- 157th Motor Rifle Division, Rostov-on-Don [Men:15,000]
- 110th Motor Rifle Division, Astrakhan [Men:15,000]
- 21st Motor Rifle Corps, Stalingrad [Men:45,000]
- North Caucasus MD Guard Troops Mobilized: 30,000
- Transcaucasian MD Guard Troops Mobilized: 50,000
[pre]| With the threat of Iranian incursions into Kurdistan in support of the Hashemites, Soviet Military Officials of the Turkestan & Central Asian Military districts called upon their Units to began to conduct combat drills in preparation for a possible conflict in the region. Guard Troops of the All-Union Militia would also be called up to begin defense exercises along the Kopet Dag and in Tselinograd Oblast. The Soviet Air Force also began to heighten surveillance of the border region in both the Azerbaijani SSR and Turkmen SSR. |[/pre]
-Soviet Troops of Central Asia-
- 104th Motor Rifle Division, Aktobe [Men:15,000]
- 109th Motor Rifle Division, Atyrau [Men:15,000]
- 99th Motor Rifle Division, Aktau [Men:15,000]
- 40th Tank Division, Serdar [Men:15,000]
- 15th Motor Rifle Corps, Ashgabat [Men:45,000]
- 42nd Tank Division, Mary [Men:15,000]
- 98th Motor Rifle Division, Nukus [Men:15,000]
- 97th Motor Rifle Division, Bukhara [Men:15,000]
- 115th Motor Rifle Division, Kyzylorda [Men:15,000]
- 116th Motor Rifle Division, Tashkent [Men:15,000]
- 16th Motor Rifle Corps, Stalinabad [Men:45,000]
- 100th Motor Rifle Division, Murghab [Men:15,000]
- 101th Motor Rifle Division, Naryn [Men:15,000]
- 117th Motor Rifle Division, Bishkek [Men:15,000]
- 17th Motor Rifle Corps, Almaty [Men:45,000]
- 103rd Motor Rifle Division, Karaboget [Men:15,000]
-102nd Motor Rifle Division, Karatal [Men:15,000]
- 18th Motor Rifle Corps, Qalbatau [Men:45,000]
- 24th Motor Rifle Corps, Astana [Men:45,000]
- 170th Motor Rifle Division, Kostanay [Men:15,000]
[list][list][pre]WORKERS OF THE WORLD UNITE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]ТРУДЯЩИЕСЯ МИРА ОБЪЕДИНЯЙТЕСЬ![/pre][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Greater Kurdistane, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[sub]OP-ED: OUR GEOPOLITICAL FUTURE — APRIL 1956
| A significant Opinion Piece is published in Al-Hayat Newspaper. |[/sub]
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1854095
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Provenancia, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[list]DEN VOLKSPAPER | VERTRAUT QUELL VUN NEWS AN AKTUELL EVENEMENTEN
DE VOLKSKRANT | VERTROUWDE BRON VAN NIEUWs EN HUIDIGE EVENEMENTEN
THE PEOPLE's PAPER | TRUSTED SOURCE OF NEWS AND CURRENT EVENTS[list]
[pre] [/pre]
[pre]April Edition — 1956[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]SPRING CONVENTION SETTLES ISSUE OF THE MONARCHY, PROVIDING A MODEL FOR A FEDERAL EUROPE;[/pre][/list][/list]
[pre] [/pre]
[list][sub]| THE HAGUE — While the Low Countries were under Volkist occupation during the Second World War, the governments-in-exile penned an agreement known as the London Customs Convention in 1944. Within that document, the nations laid the foundation for greater union as the war drew to a conclusion and liberation was in sight. Establishing a fixed currency exchange rate between Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands - built upon an earlier pre-war accord between Brussels and Luxembourg City doing the same. Upon ratification in 1946, immediately following the war, and a reoccupation of their national capitals, the three states identified a need for greater cooperation to share resources and manpower to rebuild the region which suffered greatly under Volkist occupation, and the violent bloodshed. With the support of the United States (Paramountica), who pledged additional economic aide to a united BenNeLux - and domestic concerns about both the looming Cold War and worsening Crisis in Indonesia - the three national governments agreed to pursue the creation of a single state in the low countries in 1947.[/sub]
[sub]The Laeken Palace Agreement was signed during the summer of ‘47, by the Prime Ministers of each nation, and ratified by January 1948 - which outlined a program for systematic integration of the three states over a period of 10 years. Since that time, the Benelux Convention has convened quarterly between representatives from each nation, who were appointed by and negotiated under the direction of each Parliament.[/sub]
[sub]Over the last nine years, the three states worked diligently to negotiate the nature and contours of federal institutions, while appointing an interim Federal Government to conduct affairs which concerned the entire Union. An early test of the Union came through it’s handling of the formation of the European Economic Community, the negotiations for which was occurring at the same time that the Benelux was taking shape. In those earliest years, ‘Beneluxer’ Ministers were dispatched across the far reaches of Europe to advocate for continental unity, while likewise taking point in negotiating the settlement of issues which threatened that project. For while many parties could claim credit for the successful ascension of Italy into the European Economic Community, the role that the Benelux played could not be overstated , providing needed insight to major players in Europe.[/sub]
[sub]Yet, even while the process of negotiating a formal constitution for the new Federal State was slow and arduous, the potential of a united Benelux was evidenced by the willingness of itÂ’s interim government to tackle the major historic issues which held the potential to damage itÂ’s infant diplomatic reputation.[/sub]
[sub]However, one of the greatest challenges to the Benelux Project was the question of the three distinct monarchies which ruled over each state. For over a thousand years, each nation existed as independent and sovereign entities, even despite foreign occupations. Whether as the Kingdom of Burgundy, under the Habsburg Dynasty, the Holy Roman Empire, or as independent principalities and maritime/merchant republics - the Low Countries, in their own right, developed unique cultures that could not be magically dismissed in the name of “union”. With the added feature of Monarchies who embodied the spirit of each distinct culture - the question of who should sit upon the united throne of the Benelux, or if there should even be one - was the cause of intense debate, and near impasse. Today, however, word has spread like wildfire - that an agreement has been signed by the three nations concerning the Monarchy which, if ratified by the Parliaments, could be the final hurdle to the formalization of the union.[/sub]
[sub]A Federal Constitutional Triarchy, is what members of the Spring Convention formulated as a compromise solution to the monarchy question. At itÂ’s core, this approach recognizes the parity of each of the three individual thrones on a Federal level - taken to mean, that each of the three heads of state: King Boudin of Belgium, Queen Juliana of the Netherlands, and Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg - are to rule co-equally as the heads of state of the Benelux, in addition to their national roles. Acting in conjunction with one another on a federal level, each would fulfill ceremonial duties on a rotational basis for the duration of their natural lives, or unless they abdicate. Under the provisions of this proposal, the three Houses should attempt - to the extent possible, to unite under a single house within the lifetimes of the current Monarchs. However, if no single house is formed, a conclave of the senior members of each house shall elect someone to act as the King or Queen of the Benelux - upon the death or abdication of the original three Monarchs (Boudin, Juliana, or Charlotte).[/sub]
[sub]Regarded as a mostly satisfactory compromise by leading members of each individual Parliament, as well as Interim Prime Minister of the Benelux, Jeroen van Lubach - who praised it as a ”solution to preserve the spirit of each nation, while moving us closer to becoming one”. Praised as a model for a more federal Europe, political scientists noted that the proposal maintains the unique cultural ties between the individual thrones and their people, while providing an avenue for monarchical unity in a manner as tried and true as the concept of monarchism itself. This, coupled with limiting the Monarch - on a federal level, to a purely ceremonial figurehead role, until that new dynasty has formed, without reducing the traditional role they would otherwise play nationally - maintains the honor, sovereignty, and prestige of each House. In a theoretical United States of Europe, there would be no need for - say, the Queen of the United Kingdom to bow to a Norwegian King, nor vice versa, but through the sharing of this federal ceremonial role - until such a time where a single house can be elected to leadership - eases the burden of a young, federal, and diverse state.[/sub]
[sub]Today, the Benelux moves one step closer to formal establishment.[/sub]
[/list]
[pre] [/pre]
____________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[list]April 7, 1956
[sub]44 years of occupation has come to an end: Independence of Morocco and reunification with the Riff.[/sub][/list]
[sub]On November 16, 1955, Mohammed bin Yusef, known as Mohammed V, returned from exile and was restored as Sultan of Morocco after years of protest demanding his return. This would mark the beginning of the end for the French occupation of the country. For five months, Mohammed V would go on establishing agencies and departments for the sultanate, such as establishing an independent Moroccan police force and gendarmerie, which would succeed the currently acting French-led ones. The newly formed Moroccan departments would work alongside their French predecessors until independence when the French agencies would be dismantled. During this time, the French and Sultan Mohammed V managed to convince independent Spanish Morocco, known as the Riff Republic, to reunite with Morocco under the rule of the Sultan. The reunification would happen on the same day when Morocco became independent. Finally, the day has come; on April 7, 1956, at Rabat, Sultan Mohammed V and French Prime Minister Edgar Faure officially signed the Franco-Moroccan Declaration of Independence, which officially annul the Treaty of Fes of 1912 and end the protectorate over the Sultanate, Morocco is once again an independent nation.[/sub]
[sub]Mohammed V gave an independence speech calling on all Moroccans to work together to build a new Morocco and remember those who gave up their lives to see their country become independent. The French agencies and departments were then officially abolished. Shortly after signing the independence treaty, Mohammed V and the leaders of the Riff Republic signed the treaty of reunification, which officially reunited the Riff and Morocco as a single unified nation. The now-former leaders showed their loyalty to the Sultan by kissing his ring. Sultan Mohammed V declared the reunified Morocco to be an independent Arab and Berber nation, citing that the people of Morocco share the same proud Arab heritage with other Arab people and is part of the wider Arab world, but he also stated that the Moroccans have a proud Berber Heritage that should not be forgotten or ignored. Mohammed V issued a Dahir (decree) declaring that both the Berber and Arabic languages are the official languages of the Sultanate. The Sultan also issued a decree that the capital be moved from Rabat back to Fez, and the royal family and the government will transfer and move to Fez. Finally, Sultan Mohammed V announced the intention of Morocco to join the United Nations and the Arab League, sending a letter to UN headquarter in New York, Paramountica, and the League headquarter in Cairo, Egypt announcing his intention to join them.[/sub]
[sub]With the occupation now over, the time has come for Morocco to enter into a new era of liberty, freedom, and restoration of great glory.[/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Greater Kurdistane, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria, Lonestan
[list][list]April 1956
[sub]Former Easter Uprising Revolutionary, Labour Party Leader and Taoiseach James Connolly (Séamas Ó Conghaile) Laid To Rest At 88[/sub][/list]
DUBLIN, (Great Eire) — MORNING
| The day was overcast and dreary, mirroring the mood of the nation as it mourned the passing of one of its most beloved heroes. As James Connolly was laid to rest, at the age of 88, the people of Ireland mourned not only the loss of a great revolutionary, but also a tireless advocate for social democracy. In the years since the Easter Rising, Connolly had worked tirelessly to advance the cause of the working class, fighting for better wages, improved working conditions, and greater political representation. |
| Connolly had been a driving force behind the establishment of the Labour Party, which had grown in strength and influence in the years since its formation. He had been a fierce critic of the traditional political establishment, arguing that only through the organisation and mobilisation of the working class could true change be achieved. As the funeral procession wound its way through the streets of Dublin, the mourners carried placards and banners emblazoned with Connolly's most famous quotes. "The cause of labour is the cause of Ireland, the cause of Ireland is the cause of labour," read one. "We believe in a future where every child born into the world is entitled to a life of security, happiness, and opportunity," read another. |
| The funeral procession was a somber affair, with thousands of mourners lining the streets of Dublin to pay their respects to the fallen hero. The coffin, draped in the tricolor flag of Ireland, was carried on the shoulders of six soldiers, representing the six counties of Northern Ireland that had yet to be united with the rest of the country. As the procession wound its way through the city, mourners wept openly, clutching photographs of Connolly and waving placards with his famous quotes. The sound of traditional Irish music filled the air, played by a band of mourners in full regalia. |
| After the ceremony, the procession continued on to Glasnevin Cemetery, where Connolly was laid to rest in a special plot reserved for Ireland's most revered heroes. The crowds fell silent as the coffin was lowered into the ground, and the sound of a lone piper playing a mournful lament filled the air. The crowds heads bowed in respect for the man who had done so much to advance their cause. The rain had stopped by then, and the sun emerged from behind the clouds, casting a golden light over the cemetery. |
| Mourners were then given the opportunity to attend a service within the cathedral, speaker after speaker spoke of Connolly's contributions to social democracy, of his unwavering commitment to the working class, and of the sacrifices he had made in service to his ideals. They spoke of the progress that had been made in the years since Connolly's death, of the establishment of a more just and equitable society that he had fought so hard to achieve. |
| In the coming years to follow, James Connolly's legacy will continue to inspire social democrats throughout Ireland and beyond. His tireless efforts to improve the lives of working people will be remembered as a cornerstone of the movement, and his vision of a more just and equitable society will continue to guide those who sought to make his dream a reality. |
[sub]Disclaimer | Great Eire is the puppet account of Kotakuan Ii[/sub]
[spoiler=COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Al-Morocco, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[list][list]February 1956
[sub]National Congress[/sub][/list]
[pre] D I S P A T C H W O R K ¹[/pre]
THE FEDERAL SENATE AND THE CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES[/list]
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1796190
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1798463
[list][sub]The National Congress of Brazil (Portuguese: Congresso Nacional do Brasil) is the legislative body of Brazil's federal government. Unlike the state legislative assemblies and municipal chambers, the Congress is bicameral, composed of the Federal Senate (the upper house) and the Chamber of Deputies (the lower house).[/sub]
____________
[sub]¹ DISPATCHWORK, dispatches/factbooks designed by Para in the Commonwealth of Liberty (COL)[/sub]
Nonador, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[list][pre]April, 1956 | Umm Santah Village, 25 miles east of Atbarah, Berber Province, The Commonwealth Of Sudan[/pre]
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT ACT ESTABLISHES THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE[/list]
After what had seemed like an hour on the road, a convoy consisting of one black limousine escorted by two Berber Provincial authorities and followed by two utility trucks packed to their limit with packages. The group of cars that had left Atbarah an hour ago would come to a stop as it was engulfed in a sea of crowds, who had anticipated their arrival, people cheering and celebrating, happy to see the cars arrive at the village of Um Santah, 25 miles east of SudanÂ’s rising and growing urban sprawl of Atbarah.
The occupants of the limousine would be Prime Minister Abdalla Khalil, accompanied by a certain Mr. Arafat Suhaili, and Ambassador Nikola "Kole" Čašule of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Ranponian) to the Commonwealth of Sudan. Suhaili had remarked to the Ambassador and Prime Minister that many of the locals who had come to greet them in Umm Santah were not residents of the village itself, the vast majority of them had come from surrounding towns and villages for the purpose of having seen Khalil and their nationÂ’s authority figures. This part of the Province of Berber much like all the other rural localities and villages that sit further away from the banks of the Nile had been rather neglected by the authorities, leaving them in a state of life that had barely changed since the days of the Pashas that ruled over Sudan. The fact that the Prime Minister of the nation would be visiting this village along with the food caravans had excited the locals.
The trucks that had come with Khalil are not new to this village, since the middle of January, these trucks carrying packages of food and provisions would come at least once or twice a month, as part of a new special program essentially sponsored by the Yugoslavian and Sudanese Governments. The program headed by the organization of Yugoslav Association for the betterment of Mankind, otherwise known as Yugo Aid to the Sudanese villagers involved in the program, essentially carried the idea of "Local Food for Local Mouths”, this Aid had allowed for Yugoslavian funds to reach Sudanese agricultural and farmers organizations in the exchange of using that very same Sudanese grown food and products to be given to isolated villages and localities in food insecure regions of the country in the form of Yugoslavian Aid.
Though members of the government had been suspicious of communist aid helping in the feeding of Sudanese citizens that they saw as a communist attempt to humiliate the western-aligned government of Khartoum, the Khalil Administration had never less approved and allowed Yugo Aid and its local bought programs to operate in Sudan. Khalil had seen the economic benefits these foreign funds would provide to Sudanese farmers and food-insecure regions. Four months after the success of the program, Khalil would invite Ambassador Čašule and BerberÂ’s regional farmerÂ’s union chairman Mr. Suhaili to Umm Santah, the first town to be in the program to see how the village had flourished since the beginning of the program in January. The arrival of the Atbarah to Kassala rail line also greatly improved living standards for the people of the village who had been promised a new train station along that line, allowing the villagers to export their very own farming products from the farming fields on the banks of the Atbarah River north of the village.
As the success had been noted by the Khalil Administration, which now seeks to improve the lives of Sudanese farmers, increasing the quality of agricultural production, finding efficient and sustainable farming practices, and overall raising the standards of living for both of SudanÂ’s rural communities relying on the land and its urban industries cities that rely on a well-fed working class. Therefore KhalilÂ’s visit to Umm Santah had been that of a symbolic reason, paying a visit to the village that started it all and having the Prime Minister of the country visit a part of the country that goes unnoticed was for Khalil to sign ParliamentÂ’s Agricultural Development Act (ADA) in front of the rural masses. The ADA would see the Khalil Administration establishing yet another cabinet of the Sudanese GovernmentÂ’s executive branch, The Ministry of Agriculture (MoAg) which he would appoint Arafat Suhaili to lead as the nationÂ’s Agriculture Minister. His position as the new minister would be unanimously approved by the agricultural committee of the Sudanese Parliament.
Agriculture Minister SuhailiÂ’s first task in office would be to establish a program mirroring that of the Yugo Aid, establishing within the ministry some form of a Domestic Aid program that would help tackle an issue of starvation within the country. This program would start by first sending out Government employed surveyors and researchers to determine regions of the country susceptible and prone to food and water insecurities, especially during certain dry and drought seasons of the year. The new program, to be known as Sudan Relief, would only utilize the methods of Yugo Aid, purchasing and retaining food from Sudanese farmers in much more productive regions of Sudan, to provide relief and food to regions of Sudan that would report or be affected by a temporary period of food security. A very essential program to be utilized only in a state of emergency.
The Ministry would also be establishing other agencies that would monitor and ensure the good and healthy quality of food and products being produced by SudanÂ’s food factories or produced by its farms before it is sold to the Sudanese public and consumers in the markets. There are also inter-governmental talks between the Agriculture, Education, and Transportation Ministries, seeking to establish a large public works program that would greatly transform, educate, and increase the productivity of Sudanese farmers and improve their methods of farming as well as overhaul Sudanese land into water sustainability in the face of an ever more changing and transforming geopolitical and natural environment.
[list]GOD SAVE THE QUEEN!
AL-NASRU LENA!
AL-NASRU LE SUDAN![/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Provenancia, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie
YUGOSLAV METRO FUTURE - PLANS FOR METRO CONSTRUCTION RELEASED
April 21st 1956
The Yugoslav State Secretariat for Railways and Transit has announced a momentous project which will see the transit networks of four major Yugoslav Cities changed forever within the coming two decades. Tirana, Belgrade, Zagreb and Sarajevo are to receive expensive Metro Networks that will slash commuting times by up to 60% when considering cross-city travel and as a result reduce the daily time Citizens spend moving to locations, as a result granting them more time to enjoy their activities upon actually arriving. The Government itself hopes to receive Soviet Technical and Engineering Assistance to complete all four constructs within the time allotted by Grand Marshal Tito, however the timetable was set rather liberally in order to accommodate the possibility that Soviet specialists may be too busy with their own projects.
To utilize the Soviet G-type Metro Cars, which are capable of traveling up to 75km/h, each of the planned City-systems is an average of 52km in length thus making them rather small on a global scale however resulting in 207km total needed to be constructed between 1956 and 1970. While there are no initially planned Express lines, it is considered that regional and seasonal demands will make this a necessity and as a result will be made on the fly, with every line on each system being connected in one place or another this enables such a quick exchange of rolling stock. All of Yugoslavia's Metro Stations are to be constructed along the Architectural Style of the Moscow Metro, being grand and rather Stalinist in nature, as a result granting a prestigious view to all who travel within any of the Systems.
Tirana (1956-1963)
[list]Around 24 Kilometers in length and thus the second smallest, the Tirana Metro shall consist of two loops interconnected along a central axis, which will grant metro access to roughly 75-80% of the City's population as well as connecting multiple important landmarks and city amenities. The Tirana line despite being the second smallest is one of the most important, much of the old City possesses very narrow roads unsuited to large traffic such as buses and Trucks and as a result it is considered desirable to re-route much foot-traffic into a Metro System which will give a much needed relief for future expansion of the City. The Western Loop of the Tirana Metro is to begin construction in June and is to be completed by 1960, with the second loop to be started upon the completion of the first and ideally completed in early 1964.
[/list]
Sarajevo (1958-1964)
[list]Around 20 Kilometers in length and therefore the smallest, the Sarajevo Metro shall consist of one main East-West line granting the rather long City a much shortened travel time for those moving from either side. Sandwiched between two Mountains Sarajevo is rather long and therefore travel on its Roads and even Highway takes almost an hour to complete, this would be reduced to just under 20 minutes with the Metro System. Construction shall begin in June of 1958 and be completed in 1964, Sarajevo being the only Metro System where the entire System shall be completed in one go (due to its size and shape).
[/list]
Zagreb (1956-1967)
[list]Around 62 Kilometers in length and second largest, the Zagreb Metro will ease already high congestion and more importantly strain on the National Bus System. The City itself already possesses an unusual shape, however its four distinct Industrial Regions makes transit by Bus rather difficult especially with the limited number of Buses available to the National System. With future growth definitely in mind it shall connect all corners of the City with each of its Industrial Districts and importantly also its popular Retail district which hosts numerous privately-owned shops. Construction beginning in November of this year and to consist of four different phases, it shall ideally be completed in late June of 1966.
[/list]
Belgrade (1956-1970)
[list]Extremely Expansive with 101 Kilometers, the Belgrade Metro will connect the huge heart of the Yugoslav Confederation in ways previously thought to be a mere dream. It will feature two Central-Stations located within the Government/Administration district and thus within reach of the Palace of the Slavs and reach every corner of the City. An important link to the Nations largest Airport to the west of the City was also greenlit in view of increasing air travel within the Warsaw Pact. Construction is to start immediately however its extreme size will see it take until 1970, though it has been noted that the first phase (consisting of the East-West Connection) shall be completed by 1962 and as a result will be open for use before the end of the program as a whole. Economics was of course thought of at every stage, and completing constructions in phases was considered highly necessary.
[/list]
The construction of these Metro Systems will among other things make expansion of each of these Cities easier, as well as reduce future demand for Automobiles within them. Being a rather forward thinking project, the Young Pioneers of the Yugoslav Confederation have offered their assistance in labor where possible, as it would be rather inclusive to the minds of these youngsters to be involved or at the very least learn about the process of constructing Infrastructure they will no doubt be using for their whole adult life.
Huge thank you to Canovia/Nippon-Nihon for helping me plan these Metro-Systems and lending his expertise, specifics will naturally follow in Snapshots as they become available
Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Provenancia, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie
[list]April 1956
[sub]Generation Past and Present[/sub][/list]
[pre]S H I F T C H A N G E[/pre]
WALDFRIEDE HOSPITAL, WEST BERLIN, BEHIND THE IRON CURTAIN — FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
[sub]THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY[/sub]
| WALDFRIEDE HOSPITAL — bar the CHARITE behind the Eastern border, it was one of the largest hospitals in WEST BERLIN. The city was isolated behind tens of kilometers of SOVIET and EAST GERMAN territory from the West, where the friendly and de facto government of the city, the BUNDESREPUBLIK, lay across an iron curtain. The hospital had undergone a refurbishment after the end of the war with MARSHALL PLAN funds, and operated as a crucial hospital, despite its relative distance from the city center (being in the southwest corner of the city). WILLY BRANDT — SPD President of the Abgeordnetenhaus (Berlin city legislature), SPD Member of the Bundestag for Berlin, and a member of the influential SPD EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE — rarely made visits to Waldfriede, because he was both healthy and generally preferred hospitals in Frankfurt where needed. This time, however, was an important time. He had just exited his escorted vehicle as he rushed up the on-ramp at the Emergency Wing of the hospital, Berlin metropolitan police officers guarding the door and keeping a keen reporter out. BRANDT walked in, rushing past the frantic hospital staff, nurses, and doctors, and taking a flight of stairs to intercept a solemn-faced KURT LANDSBURG — SPD Berlin branch leader and Abgeordnetenhaus member himself — awaited his arrival. |
[list]| [sub]WILLY BRANDT, President of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Kurt—"[/list]
[list]| [sub]KURT LANDSBURG, SPD Berlin Branch Executive-General (SPD)[/sub] | "You're late, and a man is dying. Our man is dying. Do you understand the consequences of that?"[/list]
[list]| [sub]WILLY BRANDT, President of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Please, where is he?"[/list]
| LANDSBURG led BRANDT down the hallway, before a NURSE rushed out of one of the nearby patient room doors with a downed look on her face. |
[list]| [sub]NURSE, Waldfriede Hospital[/sub] | "Herr Brandt, Herr Landsburg, I regret to inform you that Herr Suhr has passed."[/list]
| LANDSBURG nodded quietly, pulling a hankerchief out of his pocket as he squeezed his forehead. BRANDT stood in silence for a few moments. OTTO SUHR had been the former PRESIDENT OF THE HOUSE OF DEPUTIES from 1951 to 1955, and had preceded BRANDT to the position. Since '55, he had served as BERLIN'S GOVERNING MAYOR, succeeding Walter Schreiber (CDU) after the CDU-FDP coalition in the city collapsed over financial disputes. Just earlier this year, in JANUARY, he had celebrated one year as Governing Mayor with BRANDT, LANDSBURG and other Berlin politicians from both sides of the aisle. He had been suffering a severe cough for a while, but it had only gotten serious over the past few hours when he was rushed to the hospital due to respiratory issues. Now, he had passed - and Berlin was in need of a new Governing Mayor. |
[list]| [sub]WILLY BRANDT, President of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Now what?"[/list]
[list]| [sub]KURT LANDSBURG, SPD Berlin Branch Executive-General (SPD)[/sub] | "I think you know what's going to happen."[/list]
[list]| [sub]WILLY BRANDT, President of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Surely not."[/list]
| Almost as if on cue, the STAIRWELL behind them began rumbling with the footsteps of a group of people. Out came OTTO FRIEDRICH BACH, WILLY HENNEBERG and COMMISSIONER WALTER SICKERT, members of the House of Deputies and Commissioner of Germany's FEDERAL RETURNING OFFICER, respectively, with their hats in their hands and their faces quiet. |
[list]| [sub]OTTO FRIEDRICH BACH, Member of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Is he-?"[/list]
[list]| [sub]KURT LANDSBURG, SPD Berlin Branch Executive-General (SPD)[/sub] | "Unfortunately so. The nurse just informed us of his . . . passing."[/list]
[list]| [sub]WILLY HENNEBERG, Member of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Well, what now?"[/list]
| HENNEBERG and LANDSBURG turned their gaze to COMMISSIONER SICKERT, expecting an answer. He adjusted his nearly-comically large, round, steel-rimmed glasses, his brow creased in stress. He nodded. |
[list]| [sub]WALTER SICKERT, Commissioner for the Federal Returning Officer[/sub] | "Well, as per City Law, the House of Deputies will vote on a new Governing Mayor. The Mayor's position will be vacant until then, but considering the . . . fragile nature of Berlin politics, I'm assuming a session could be held within a week. The most likely candidate would be you, Herr Brandt."[/list]
[list]| [sub]WILLY BRANDT, President of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Pardon- me?"[/list]
[list]| [sub]WALTER SICKERT, Commissioner for the Federal Returning Officer[/sub] | "Yes, Herr Brandt. You."[/list]
[list]| [sub]OTTO FRIEDRICH BACH, Member of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Are you not the best candidate for the job? You have national recognition already, Ollenhauer is tapping you! Or perhaps you're running for president?"[/list]
| The group chuckled, but Brandt remained rather dumbstruck. |
[list]| [sub]WILLY BRANDT, President of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Nein. I just wasn't expecting that I would be the most preferred candidate."[/list]
[list]| [sub]WILLY HENNEBERG, Member of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Well, you are a Leader of a New Generation. The party favors you for higher ambitions. But for now, we must get the city government up and running."[/list]
| LANDSBURG nodded, but BRANDT shook his head. |
[list]| [sub]WILLY BRANDT, President of the Berlin House of Deputies (SPD)[/sub] | "Nein. First, we must pay our respects and carry out the necessary period of mourning. We must contact Otto [Suhr]'s family as well. Once that is all done and dusted, we can talk about succession."[/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Provenancia, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie
[list][sup]
(CCP) PeopleÂ’s Republic of China / (CCP) 中华人民共和国
[/sup]
CHINESE PREMIER ZHOU ENLAI SHORES UP FOREIGN AND INTERNATIONAL INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONS AMIDST GLOBAL SHIFTS
中国总理周恩来在全球变化中加强外交和国际情报行动
[sub]February 1956 | 1956年2月
[/sub]
[list]
[sub]
BEIJING, CAPITAL PROVINCE | 北京,首都[/sub]
[sub]PREMIER Zhou Enlai doubled as Minister for Foreign Affairs thanks largely to his experience as a diplomat. During the Chinese Civil War, he defended the government of the PeopleÂ’s Republic and the PeopleÂ’s Liberation Army (PLA), and was a close associate of Chairman Mao both then and now, as his right-hand man and head of the central government, based in Beijing. In the wake of the Korean War, he advocated for ‘peaceful coexistence and neutralityÂ’ (“和平共处和中立”) with the West. He was in attendance of the 1954 Geneva Conference, and other pan-regional and global conferences directed at strengthening the global stage against yet another World War. While the PeopleÂ’s Republic and the central government under Chairman Mao was certainly more than interested in keeping the global peace, there would be no doubt whatsoever that China faced many threats - domestic and foreign. While the country maintained cordial ties with the Soviets and their Eastern Bloc thanks primarily to common ideology and common opposition to Western global influence, fundamental differences remained that kept China on its toes with regards to all of its allies. To the east, in the direction of the Pacific, Japan and the Philippines were being shored up as close allies of the United States of America and their American military and marines. Taiwan was refuting any effort and call by the central government for reunification, and ZhouÂ’s government would instead move towards a policy of attempting peaceful reconciliation followed by peaceful occupation of the islands. The defense of ChinaÂ’s intelligence apparatus and its maintenance as a crucial way of keeping China tabbed on global affairs especially in this shifting world would also receive strong support from Zhou.[/sub]
[sub]Despite the PremierÂ’s diplomatic credentials and anti-standoff policy when it comes to the West and nations regarded by China as potential or current enemies and geopolitical opponents, the Premier and his government strongly supported a shoring up of intelligence units. In fact, by direction and with the affirming advice of Chairman Mao of the Communist Party, Zhou authorized in late December of 1955 the reorganization of the national intelligence services into the following:[/sub]
[list][pre]CENTRAL GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLEÂ’s REPUBLIC OF CHINA
INTELLIGENCE APPARATUS
▌Ministry of State Security (国家安全部)
▌Office of International Cooperation and Security Affairs (国际合作与安全事务办公室)
▌Hunan Foreign Policy Institute (湖南省外交政策研究所)[/pre][/list]
[sub]The Ministry of State Security provided for the majority of foreign intelligence services and operations. They were the most funded as well, and served as the overall commanding office for ChinaÂ’s intelligence units. They also carried several domestic security responsibilities, as alluded to by the ministryÂ’s name.[/sub]
[sub]The Office of International Cooperation and Security Affairs officially and publicly was an advisory office to the Office of the Premier, his cabinet, and to the Chairman of the governing party (Mao Zedong, as expected) on matters of international cooperation, diplomacy, and security affairs. Unofficially, they carried out sensitive operations involving specific persons within the diplomatic community linked to China in some way.[/sub]
[sub]The Hunan Foreign Policy Institute was one of the newest additions to ChinaÂ’s secret intelligence apparatus. Officially a government-directed think tank that carried out academic research on foreign policy and geopolitics for the purposes of educating the Chinese youth, especially those in the tertiary education level, but unofficially they supported intelligence operations and acted as a front for some intelligence operations.[/sub]
[sub]All of this would remain strictly confidential and under wraps.[/sub]
[sub]And it was upon this existing structure that Premier Zhou issued a proclamation, with the pre-written approval of Chairman Mao and the Chinese courts, unilaterally increasing the funding allocated towards these intelligence services. A ‘long-term plan to bring foreign policy and proper international relations’ into the tertiary level of education - controlled, like all education levels, by the central government - over the next few years. Amidst global shifts, the Premier emphasized to the Chairman and his cabinet in a mid-February conference meeting in Beijing - the national capital - that ‘the intelligence services provide a necessary arm to the national defense of the People’s Republic and the proletariat revolution from capitalistic and sinister forces’.[/sub]
[sub]This shoring up would also see the induction of new officers to bolster the domestic security arm of ChinaÂ’s intelligence services, as central government efforts to prevent internal sabotage of the state by external forces continue to ramp up, in light of global shifts that are showing a more complicated world - that could either be hostile or friendly to China. Naturally, no chances would be taken.[/sub]
[sub]周恩来总理兼任外交部长,主要得益于他的外交官经验。在中国内战期间,他为中华人民共和国政府和中国人民解放军辩护,并且在当时和现在都是毛主席的亲密伙伴,是毛主席的得力助手和中央政府的首脑,总部设在北京。在朝鲜战争之后,他主张与西方国家 "和平共处和中立"("和平共处和中立")。他出席了1954年日内瓦会议和其他泛区域和全球会议,旨在加强全球舞台,防止再次发生世界大战。尽管毛主席领导下的人民共和国和中央政府对维护全球和平非常感兴趣,但毫无疑问,中国面临着许多威胁--国内和国外的威胁。虽然中国与苏联及其东方集团保持着友好的关系,这主要归功于共同的意识形态和对西方全球影响的共同反对,但基本的分歧仍然存在,使中国对其所有的盟友保持警惕。在东部,在太平洋方向,日本和菲律宾正作为美国及其美国军队和海军陆战队的亲密盟友得到支持。台湾正在驳斥中央政府为统一所做的任何努力和呼吁,而周恩来的政府将转而采取尝试和平和解的政策,然后和平占领这些岛屿。捍卫中国的情报机构,并将其作为保持中国对全球事务了解的重要方式,特别是在这个不断变化的世界中,也会得到周恩来的大力支持。[/sub]
[/list]
[B]
🇨🇳 🇨🇳 🇨🇳
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Provenancia, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie
ROTARU AND TITO MEET IN BELGRADE
April 23rd 1956
Following a period of relative silence between Yugoslavia and Romania, a testament to the good relations between the two, Grand Marshal Tito was blessed by a Visit by Comrade Rotaru at the Palace of the Slavs in Belgrade. Pleasantries were naturally exchanged officially in view of the Press and Public, however Tito was later to invite Rotaro to join him at his private retreat east of the City where drink flowed freely between the two. Tito praised his Ally's commitment to warmer relations between the two Nations and of course ultimately both of their ties to the Warsaw Pact.
Officially signed at the meeting were deals concerning a multitude of vital projects between the two Nations. Firstly the long advertised Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Plant along the Danube, construction of which is to last 8 years (1956-1962) and the construction of which will provide 2,281.8 MW of power on an annual basis. Ownership and construction responsibilities for the Dam are to be split evenly along a 50/50 basis, and as a result post-completion power generation will sit at around 1,140 MW per signatory. The Eight years of Construction required would provide thousands of jobs to both Parties, many of which would be maintained after construction for maintenance operations and other related tasks. The Second Hydropower Installation Iron Gate II was also discussed however in much more minor detail, it was agreed upon that it would be constructed roughly between 1965-1980 and would be situated further down the Danube.
The military sphere was another area of great success, as it was agreed upon that Romania would not just purchase the license for the Yugoslav Tenk Tip-A but also the 76 mm mountain gun M48. It was put to paper that Romania could produce both in however high quantity it wishes, however that sale of them would not be permitted : Romania would therefore only be able to produce these for domestic usage in its own Armed Forces.
Ultimately the meeting was a great success, it showed the continuing climb of relations between the two and the great vision of the future that they share. As Comrade Rotaru was set to cross back into Romania over the Railway line north of Vršac, a collection of thousands of young Pioneers bearing banners and likenesses of him would like the sides of the Railway to give him a warm send-off. This was coupled with military bands playing the Romanian Anthem, which as his train slowed down Rotaru would no doubt enjoy.
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie
[list][list]April 1956
[sub]Taoiseach Roderick “Roddy” Connolly, the son of James Connolly[/sub][/list]
DUBLIN, (Great Eire) — MORNING
| Roderick Connolly was a man of immense political pedigree, the son of the legendary James Connolly, founder of the Irish Labour Party. Growing up in a household that was steeped in socialist ideals and political activism, Roderick inherited his father's passion for social justice and commitment to making Ireland a better place for its citizens. After a distinguished career in the Labour Party, Roderick was appointed as the Taoiseach of Ireland in 1954 in a power-sharing coalition with Clann na Poblachta, a move that many saw as a bold and progressive step towards reconciliation and unity in the country. As the leader of the government, Roderick brought to bear all his political acumen, negotiating skills, and his deep understanding of the issues facing the Irish people. |
| Roderick is a towering figure, with a commanding presence that inspired respect and admiration. His sharp mind and deep knowledge of policy were matched only by his remarkable ability to connect with people from all walks of life. He was equally at ease addressing large crowds at rallies or engaging in one-on-one conversations with ordinary citizens. As Taoiseach, Roderick faced many challenges, but he was always guided by his commitment to the principles of justice and equality. He is an unapologetic champion of workers' rights, and under his leadership, the government has introduced a raft of progressive policies aimed at improving the lives of ordinary Irish people. He is a staunch advocate for peace, and his efforts to bring about a lasting peace between the different factions in Ireland have been widely lauded. |
| As a leader committed to peace and reconciliation, Roderick Connolly is a strong advocate for a peaceful and democratic reunification of Ireland. He believes that any efforts to reunify the country must be based on the principles of respect, understanding, and cooperation between all parties involved. Connolly recognises the complexity of the issue and the deep historical and cultural divisions that exist in Ireland. He believes that the only way to resolve these divisions was through peaceful dialogue and a commitment to finding common ground. He opposes any form of violence or coercion and believed that a peaceful solution is the only way to ensure lasting peace and prosperity for all the people of Ireland, and that in a United Ireland Protestants and Unionists would make a large minority of public opinion - and must be respected like any other Irishman. |
[spoiler=COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[list][pre]T H E S L O V E N E R E P U B L I C • S L O V E N S K A R E P U B L I K A[/pre][/list]
THE LOSS OF THE SAVA PROVOKES A NEW DOWNTURN IN ITALO-SLOVENIAN RELATIONS
[list][sup]WOUNDS HEWN DEEPER
OCTOBER 1955[/sup][/list]
The prisoner exchange which liberated Colonel Senofonte Scalzo and several other Italian and Slovenian prisoners was, it was now clear, merely a brief pinprick of light in the darkness cast between Italy and Slovenia. Just ten months later, the relationship between the two Mediterranean countries plunged once more as the first and only submarine yet operated by the Slovene Navy was devastated by Italian frogmen, sinking for the third time into the depths of the Adriatic. The event would be one of the contributing factors to the election of Nikola Koprivnikar, whose conservative positions promised a more hardline approach to Slovenia’s enemies: indeed, the blow to the Sava was not only material, but deeply symbolic. Originally built as the Italian Nautilo before being scuttled and raised as the German UIT-19 and sunk once more, it was raised a second time by the Slovene Republic in the late 1940s (at considerable expense) and recommissioned as Slovenia’s first submarine. It was, in a way, a manifestation of the new Republic’s remastering of the region. However, there would be no third raising—the attack by Italian conspirators, discerned by graffiti left by the assailants, had warped the vessel beyond recognition. From the bottom of Pulj harbor, it would only be retrieved in a few years’ time to be displayed as an artifact.
Geopolitically, the catastrophe provided a strange moment of solidarity with Yugoslavia, which suffered a similar attack at the hands of the Italians on a Soviet battleship at the Ploče-Zata naval installation. Like Yugoslavia, the Slovene military fast re-evaluated its port security protocols. More flagrantly, however, President Koprivnikar fast decried the “Italian crypto-fascists” responsible for the crime. In spite of KoprivnikarÂ’s certainty, though, which Italians were specifically at fault remained a mystery. The involvement of the Italian state was a staple of the popular perception of the incident, given the scope of the multi-national operation. However, no solid link would ever be ascertained and, indeed, no concrete repercussions would be felt by the Italian nation or operatives. Still, by the end of the year, it had become clear that the relations between Italy and Slovenia would remain distant for years to come. Citizens or operatives of NATO, whichever it may have been, had waged an act of military violence against the Republic. The Sava, as it was laid to rest before the eyes of the Slovenes, symbolized that chasmic fissure. In truth, it may have been the grave of the fragile bridge between two bitter countries.
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Paseo, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[list][list][pre]B E N E L U X[/pre][sub]20 April 1956[/sub][/list]
HET HART VAN EUROPA — THE KINGDOM OF THE BENELUX;
[sub]Foreign Affairs | Spring 1956 Mediterranean Tour[/sub]
[pre] [/pre]
[list][sub][pre]Since its formation in 1947, the Benelux had worked diligently to cultivate a robust diplomatic presence across Europe and the world, in the tradition of the individual nations that made up the new union. Its diplomats were instrumental in the formation of four major pillars of the postwar order; those being the United Nations, International Monetary Fund, European Economic Community, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. While her politicians and philosophers worked out the contours of the union domestically, the new Benelux Diplomatic Corps worked to cultivate the image of the Benelux as an even-keeled partner, and neutral mediator. However, as the winter of 1956 transitioned into Spring with the blooming of tulips at home, the Interim Government of the Kingdom, finalized plans for a multinational tour of the Mediterranean Sea. Over the last year, the global “cold war” has begun to take another turn for the worse - with tensions in the Middle East brewing to the point where the Soviet Union amassed hundreds of thousands of troops to the Iranian Border in response to their change in policy away from neutrality in the Kurdish dispute. Yet still, in Europe, where terrorist attacks on both Slovenia and Yugoslavia by suspected Italian fascist terrorists reignite fears of that a lack of communication could lead to an open conflict. The world was, once more, on the brink - but this time, in areas of the world where the Benelux grew increasingly worried that the project for European Unity through peace, was coming under threat.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]Thus, Amsterdam determined that it was both expedient and essential to re-engage with western partners, reiterating the Benelux commitment to material, diplomatic, and strategic support. For this cause, a small flotilla of Royal Benelux Warships would be dispatched in a show of solidarity, carrying aboard, the Foreign Minister, Paul Henri Spaak.[/pre][/sub][/list]
[pre] [/pre]
[list][pre]PIER, LA SPEZIA - KINGDOM OF ITALY;[/pre][/list]
[sub]The “Diplomatic Squadron”, as the press had dubbed it, approached the city of La Spezia, Italy through the Golfo della Spezia, sporting fresh paint with colorful ensigns and signal flags being flown from their masts. Crews wearing Dress White uniforms, while manning the rails, it was an impressive display for the Italian citizens who were observing from the shore - or in small private boats “escorting” the vessels into the harbor. The squadron consisted of the De Zeven Provinciën-class cruiser RBS Kool LC201, and newly commissioned Holland-class destroyers RBS Holland and Zeeland, all representing the cutting edge of western naval technology.[/sub]
[sub]Upon reaching the harbor, the Kool would be the first ship to dock, followed by the destroyers - all of whose crews had prepared the ships to receive Italian citizens interested in touring the vessels (except, of course, sensitive areas) - while Mister Spaak met with his counterpart ashore. The focus of this meeting today would be the state of Italio-Slovenian Affairs, the recent Bombings on the Adriatic Coast - and, most importantly, an effort to repair Italian relations in the wake of the European fallout over itÂ’s border dispute with Slovenia.[/sub]
[pre] [/pre]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Puebliza, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
The Doctrine of Dacianism
April 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
| In the Socialist Republic of Romania, the government under the leadership of Constantin Rotaru has imposed a doctrine known as "Dacianism" to promote national identity and cultural unity. Dacianism emphasizes the importance of the Dacian people in Romanian history and culture, portraying them as the ancestors of the Romanian people and a dominant force in their folklore and traditions. While the Dacian language has been extinct with little evidence of it in modern Romanian which is a Latin language, It is widely accepted that Romanian culture is built around the Dacian one.
| The Dacian people were an ancient Indo-European tribe that inhabited the area that is now Romania and parts of the USSR (Moldovan SSR & Ukraine SSR), Yugoslavia (SR Serbia), and Bulgaria. They were first mentioned in written records in the 5th century BC by the Greek historian Herodotus.
In the 1st century BC, the Dacians came into contact with the expanding Roman Empire, and a series of wars were fought between the two powers over the next century. The most famous of these conflicts was the Dacian Wars, led by the Dacian king Decebalus, which lasted from AD 101 to 106. Despite putting up a fierce resistance, the Dacians were eventually defeated by the Romans, and their territory was incorporated into the Roman Empire.
| To promote this doctrine, Dacian propaganda is being taught in schools and cultural palaces throughout Romania. Students are required to learn about known Dacian history, culture, and traditions, and to celebrate Romanian holidays and festivals with Dacian roots. The government has also funded the construction of museums, monuments, and statues dedicated to the Dacian people.
| Under the leadership of our brave leader, Constantin Rotaru, the promotion of Dacianism will become a central part of the state's cultural policies.
The government has established a Ministry of Culture and National Heritage, which is tasked with promoting and preserving Dacian culture and traditions.
The ministry has also established a network of cultural palaces throughout the country, which serve as centers for promoting Dacian culture.
| In addition to its cultural importance, Dacianism has also become an important tool for political control. The government has used Dacianism to promote a sense of national pride and unity against foreign invaders, and to suppress dissent and opposition to the regime. Those who oppose the government are often accused of being unpatriotic or anti-Dacian, and are subject to harassment, imprisonment, or even exile.
| Despite its controversial nature, Dacianism will remain a dominant force in Romanian society and culture. The doctrine will help to create a sense of national identity and pride among the Romanian people, and will play a significant role in shaping the country's cultural heritage. While its implementation has been criticized by some as an attempt to stifle dissent and promote authoritarianism, it is widely viewed by others as a necessary tool for preserving and promoting Romanian culture and traditions.
"Traiasca Partidul Comunist Roman in frunte cu al sau General Secretar, Tovarasul Constantin Rotaru, iubit si stimat conducator al Republicii Socialiste Romania! "
April 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Puebliza, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Al-Morocco, Brazil Toucan, Vargorie, Newauroria
Post self-deleted by Brazil Toucan.
[list][list][pre]B E N E L U X[/pre][sub]23 April 1956[/sub][/list]
HET HART VAN EUROPA — THE KINGDOM OF THE BENELUX;
[sub]Foreign Affairs | Spring 1956 Mediterranean Tour (Pt. 2)[/sub]
[pre] [/pre]
[list][sub][pre]Since its formation in 1947, the Benelux had worked diligently to cultivate a robust diplomatic presence across Europe and the world, in the tradition of the individual nations that made up the new union. Its diplomats were instrumental in the formation of four major pillars of the postwar order; those being the United Nations, International Monetary Fund, European Economic Community, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. While her politicians and philosophers worked out the contours of the union domestically, the new Benelux Diplomatic Corps worked to cultivate the image of the Benelux as an even-keeled partner, and neutral mediator. However, as the winter of 1956 transitioned into Spring with the blooming of tulips at home, the Interim Government of the Kingdom, finalized plans for a multinational tour of the Mediterranean Sea. Over the last year, the global “cold war” has begun to take another turn for the worse - with tensions in the Middle East brewing to the point where the Soviet Union amassed hundreds of thousands of troops to the Iranian Border in response to their change in policy away from neutrality in the Kurdish dispute. Yet still, in Europe, where terrorist attacks on both Slovenia and Yugoslavia by suspected Italian fascist terrorists reignite fears of that a lack of communication could lead to an open conflict. The world was, once more, on the brink - but this time, in areas of the world where the Benelux grew increasingly worried that the project for European Unity through peace, was coming under threat.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]Thus, Amsterdam determined that it was both expedient and essential to re-engage with western partners, reiterating the Benelux commitment to material, diplomatic, and strategic support. For this cause, a small flotilla of Royal Benelux Warships would be dispatched in a show of solidarity, carrying aboard, the Foreign Minister, Paul Henri Spaak.[/pre][/sub][/list]
[pre] [/pre]
[list][pre]PIER, PIREAS (ATHENS) - KINGDOM OF GREECE;[/pre][/list]
[sub]After a successful meeting in La Spezia with Italian officials, the Diplomatic Squadron put to sea again, this time bound for the Greek Port of Pireas, just a short distance from their capital, Athens. It was here that the squadron would be received by ships of the Hellenic Navy - an impressive sight - due in large part to the great expense paid by the Greek Government to maintain a world class fleet. It was this force which, like other larger counterparts, inspired efforts to rebuild the all but destroyed combined navies of the Benelux. Here in Pireas, the Diplomatic Corps had been dispatched in a show of support - to the Kingdom of Greece, who stood on the front lines against an ever-aggressing Yugoslavia. (Ranponian). With one message in mind - that the Benelux, and indeed the west, will stand firm against the communist threat demonstrated by the ‘gross overreaction’ of the Warsaw Pact against the Iranian change in policy. With the eyes of the world falling upon Athens, Spaak spoke with the backing of not just the Netherlands, but indeed the United States of America (Paramountica) - leader of the great western alliance. Second to this mission, the Foreign Minister would be tasked with feeling out the Greeks for a possible Greco-Turkish summit to repair relations between the two NATO states.[/sub]
[sub]Upon reaching the harbor, the Kool would again dock and be greeted by representatives of the Greek Government, with local residents being allowed into non-sensitive areas for tours. The remaining ships of the squadron would join their Greek counterparts for maneuvers off-shore.[/sub]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[list][list]April 1956
[sub]Supreme Federal Court[/sub][/list]
[pre] D I S P A T C H W O R K ¹[/pre]
THE JUDICIAL BRANCH[/list]
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1798269
[list][sub]Two hundred members have served on the court. The Constitution of 1891 decided that the court would have 15 members. When Getúlio Vargas came into power, the number of members was reduced to 11. The number was changed to 16 in 1965, but returned to 11 in 1969 and has not changed since. Of all presidents of Brazil, only Café Filho never nominated a minister.[/sub]
____________
[sub]¹ DISPATCHWORK, dispatches/factbooks designed by Para in the Commonwealth of Liberty (COL)[/sub]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Provenancia, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[list]April 1956
[sub]Philippine Airlines I[/sub][/list]
[pre]P A L E X P A N S I O N S[/pre]
| PHILIPPINE AIRLINES proudly held the title of the first and the oldest commercial airline in Asia to date, having been founded in 1941. On February 26 of that year, only months before the Japanese invasion of the country in the midst of the Second World War, its predecessor, PHILIPPINE AERIAL TAXI COMPANY, re-founded itself as PAL - the nickname given to the national airline by the Filipino people. From 1946 to 1948, the airline operated its hub out of NIELSON AIRPORT, in the township of MAKATI, until it shifted to NICHOLS FIELD in Pasay due to easier terrain gradient. In 1954, the construction of a longer international-oriented runway and taxiways supplemented PAL airline operations. The company was heavily supported by the MAGSAYSAY ADMINISTRATION, that viewed the airline as a gateway to strengthening tourism in the country. While the administration was predominantly focused on supporting the agriculture industry and implementing new policies on Filipino farming, tourism was viewed as a way to strengthen the country's prestige and increase the revenues that would be used to further develop the country. In the words of Vice President CAMILO OSIAS; |
[list]| [sub]CAMILO OSIAS, Vice President[/sub] | "Tourism will be the roots upon which the New Society that our nation is aiming for, praying for, and dreaming of will be established. A Society wherein the individual liberties and rights to prosperity of every Filipino shall be respected."[/list]
| The airline would operate primarily DC-3s and DC-4s from the United States, and out of Nichols Field would lay out a plan to expand operations. As of 1946, a regular service between Manila and San Francisco from Nielson and then Nichols Fields had been in operation. However, from March 1954 onward, the PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT under President MANUEL ROXAS had temporarily suspended flights to Europe, Japan and the United States. This policy was lifted in November 1954 by the Magsaysay Administration, who orchestrated the passage of a comprehensive air infrastructure expansion bill throughout the spring and summer of 1955. Magsaysay reaffirmed his support for PAL and Philippine tourism when he chartered a Douglas DC-4 operated by the airline for his trip to the United States. |
| With P300,000 in grants from the national government under the aforementioned NATIONAL TOURISM INVESTMENTS ACT (1955), PAL issued in August of 1955 plans to begin operations on the following routes by March of 1956: |
[list][pre]Manila-Los Angeles
Manila-New York
Manila-Honolulu
Manila-London
Manila-Delhi[/pre][/list]
| After delays caused by the need to open new facilities (funded by PAL investments coupled with bank investments from PNB and other institutions), the routes would begin operation in 1956, alongside an international ad campaign to encourage tourism to the Philippines. The 1955 bill also provided for the investment into the construction of new hotels, resorts and the maintenance of nationally historic attractions and environmental icons within the country. Upon his return from the United States after a visit to President DWIGHT EISENHOWER in March, Magsaysay would also revive an old Quezon-era bill from before the Second World War that sought to make historic investments into infrastructure in Visayas and Mindanao, where infrastructure (air infrastructure especially) were especially behind. |
| PAL would also utilizing government grants and with a representative participating in the Magsaysay-Eisenhower summit in March secure the procurement of: |
[list][pre]x12 Convair 340s
x8 Vickers Viscount 784s[/pre][/list]
| The procurement of these modern airliners would allow PAL to begin planning routes to places like Hong Kong, Bangkok, Taipei, Tokyo, Ankara, and Spain, where the airline would envision the opening of "Gateways to the Philippines", which would spur on the "tourism revolution" that President Magsaysay was enthusiastic to usher in. Already, economic outlooks for the country were on the positive, and additional income from tourism would only serve to benefit the country and the Filipino people as a whole. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Vargorie, Newauroria
[list]April 1956
[sub]Infrastructure[/sub][/list]
[list][list] DEDICATION OF THE MAUVOISIN DAM
EINWEIHUNG DES MAUVOISIN-STAUDAMMS
DÉDICACE DU BARRAGE DE MAUVOISIN
DEDICAZIONE DELLA DIGA DI MAUVOISIN
—[/list][/list]
CANTON OF VALAIS
[sub]SWITZERLAND, THE HELVETIC REPUBLIC[/sub]
| On a crisp spring afternoon, President Max Petitpierre would stand on a platform beside the base of the brand new Mauvoisin Dam, surrounded by politicians and the workers who had built the massive structure. The dam would loom behind him, a towering wall of concrete and steel nearly 250 meters high, the tallest concrete dam in the world, and would stretch across the Val de Bagnes valley on the Dranse de Bagnes stream. The backdrop would be breathtaking: snow-capped mountains would rise in the distance, their peaks piercing the clear blue sky. Reporters from newspapers and radio stations across Switzerland had gathered that morning to cover the dedication of this incredible feat of engineering, a symbol of Swiss ingenuity. One of many dams under construction in the Alps across the Helvetic Republic, the Mauvoisin Dam would finally have its ribbon cut six years after its ground-breaking. |
[list]| MAX PETITPIERRE, [sub]President of the Helvetic Republic[/sub] | “Today marks a momentous occasion for our nation. With great pride, I hail the Mauvoisin Dam as a triumph of human endeavor and a testament to Switzerland's determination to harness the power of its natural resources for the benefit of all its people. Years of hard work have gone into the construction of this magnificent structure, and we owe a debt of gratitude to the skilled engineers and laborers who have made it a reality. Thanks to this dam, we will have better access to electricity than ever before. These turbines behind me, driven by the immense force of of nature, will generate enough power to light up cities and towns across the country, to run factories and machines, and to make Switzerland a leader in the field of engineering. This momentous achievement is not just a testament to our technological prowess; it is a symbol of our enduring spirit of innovation, and our deep-seated belief in the indomitable human spirit. Let us take great pride in this achievement, and let us look to the future with confidence, knowing that we are capable of great things when we work together towards a common goal. With that, I declare the Mauvoisin Dam complete!”[/list]
| As Petitpierre would finish his speech, the crowd would erupt in applause. The workers would cheer as they would wave their hats in the air, proud of what they had accomplished. After the fanfare would die down, Petitpierre would be taken on a tour of the dam. He would be shown the powerful hydroelectric generators and administration offices before he would finally be taken to the crest. The panoramic view of the valley and beyond would be spectacular from so high up, but bittersweet. From his new viewpoint, Petitpierre would see how low the water level was, barely any higher than the river it used to sit on. The damÂ’s head engineer would explain that it would be another year before a lake would form and they would be able to see any electrical output. Despite this setback, for the Helvetic Republic, the Mauvoisin Dam would be a shining example of what could be achieved through hard work, innovation, and steadfast commitment. |
[spoiler=THE WORLD TAKES NOTE
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Newauroria
[list][list]MAY 1956
[sub]Jango Visits the U.S.[/sub][/list]
[pre] S U C C E S S F U L V I S I T [/pre]
[list][sub][pre]Hail, precious banner of hope!
Hail, august symbol of peace!
Thy noble presence to our minds
The greatness of our motherland does bring.[/pre][/sub][/list]
THE WHITE HOUSE, Paramountica — MORNINGTIME
[sub]WASHINGTON D.C., Paramountica[/sub]
| Brazilian Vice President JOÃO (“Jango”) GOULART and his wife flew to Washington for a state visit that was an immediate success. GOULART, one of the most controversial politicians in Brazil, was welcomed by Vice President NIXON, had a long conversation with Secretary of State DULLES, spoke with President EISENHOWER, spoke with A.F.L.-C.I.O. Chief GEORGE MEANY, and even attended all formal dinners and receptions. For the 38-year-old Vice President, this trip was much more than a stroll. Goulart proved to be a skillful vote-getter, especially among workers in his country. But his success has also earned him the bitter distrust of many military leaders, who call him everything from a Peronist to a Communist. GOULART made it clear: Brazil is strongly anti-communist and he, as Brazil’s Vice President, is also strongly anti-communist, despite his ticket receiving a Communist endorsement in October’s elections. He summed up the fight against Communism in his address to the U.S. Senate: |
[list]| [sub]JOÃO GOULART, Vice President of Brazil[/sub] | “For the U.S., it is above all an external effort, which can be and is being kept away from the coasts of this country by the joint action of your diplomacy and organization of your civil defense; for Latin American countries, such as Brazil, it is mainly an internal problem because it is rooted in the difficulties that afflict large segments of the population.”[/list]
| After Washington, the Goularts were in the mood to relax informally when they arrived at the King Ranch in Texas. At the ranch there was time for a long sleep, a late breakfast, and a mid-morning inspection trip. GOULART, a rancher himself, looked at the ranchÂ’s famed herd of Santa Gertrudis cattle, but decided not to buy any. From Texas, the Goularts go to Kansas City, Detroit and New York (with a stopover in Canada). But with a not-too-full schedule, Goulart, who is also president of the Brazilian Labor Party, will have more time to strengthen relations between Brazilian and American workers. |
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Turkiye 1St, Newauroria
[list][list][sub]𝚇.1955[/sub]
[sub]LA VENDETTA DEL PRINCIPE NERO, III[/sub]
THE REVENGE OF THE BLACK PRINCE[/list]
ROMA, REGNO D'ITALIA
[sub]Palazzo del Viminale
[nation=flag]Arcanda[/nation][/sub][/list]
[list][list][sup]| Prime Minister LUIGI EINAUDI: |[/sup] "Prince Borghese? He would be the one behind it all? Lord Almighty."[/list]
[list][sup]| Director of SIFAR, Gen. Giovanni de Lorenzo: |[/sup] "So it seems, so it seems. They've kept a lot of friends. It appears we were not thorough enough in ridding the military of those elements."[/list]
[list][sup]| Minister of the Interior, Giulio Andreotti: |[/sup] "Gentlemen, let's not get ahead of ourselves. By no means do I think Borghese is a positive element in our country, but...Come to think of it, he does not gain much from what just happened. Nor do we. However, the Soviets have lost a ship."[/list][/list]
[list]| Einaudi, the octogenarian Prime Minister, and the monocled de Lorenzo, stared at Andreotti for a moment. There was indeed not much to do, now that rumors had spread everywhere that Prince Junio Valerio Borghese, war hero and ultra-fascist politician, was behind the twin sinkings of the Sava and the Novorossiysk in the Adriatic. |
[list][sup]| Minister of the Interior, Giulio Andreotti: |[/sup] "And we? What do we gain if we arrest him? — Our foreign relations are already in bad enough shape. I am of the opinion that we should not stir the pot."[/list]
| Einaudi let out a sigh. The situation was indeed tense. Of course, the findings of the SIFAR — The military's intelligence agency — had been unequivocal in their accusation of Prince Borghese. Three wartime human torpedoes, or SLCs, had been taken out of a naval depot. Those who were questioned were quick to point fingers at Borghese or men linked to the Decima Flottiglia MAS. And it was no secret that Borghese cultivated a close-knit circle of former Fascists. Unless the entire affair was the result of a prodigious Soviet false-flag operation, the most likely culprit had been found. Probably even by other secret agencies throughout the West, if they put out the right feelers. However, no concrete proof linked it to Borghese, and unless the Kingdom escalated the affair by arresting and questioning him, it would remain, at most, the stuff of legend and unconfirmed rumors. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs would issue a bland communique, one for Slovenia [sup][nation=short]Amsterwald[/nation][/sup] and one for the Soviet Union [sup][nation=short]OsivoII[/nation][/sup], both worded more or less the same, strongly denying the Italian origin of the frogmen, and stating that "the Kingdom of Italy condemns the unlawful sinking". Meanwhile, a few newspapers linked to the Democrazia Cristiana would suggest different stories at the behest of Andreotti. One would talk of American frogmen. Another would issue a page on Soviet naval forces and accuse a joint Soviet-Yugoslav operation. But, no matter what would be said in news, it was indeed another terrible step back in the Italo-Slovene relations. |[/list]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty
[/sub]EVVIVA L'ITALIA!
—]
[nation]AbaBemba[/nation]
[nation]Adriatican Islands[/nation]
[nation]Alzarikstan[/nation]
[nation]Amsterwald[/nation]
[nation]Anglo Channel[/nation]
[nation]Arcanda[/nation]
[nation]Bayern Kahla[/nation]
[nation]Bescania[/nation]
[nation]Brazil Toucan[/nation]
[nation]Canovia[/nation]
[nation]Cascadla[/nation]
[nation]Central Arstotzka[/nation]
[nation]Connomia[/nation]
[nation]East Germany DDR[/nation]
[nation]Great Britain GB[/nation]
[nation]Greater Kurdistane[/nation]
[nation]Hashemite Kingdoms[/nation]
[nation]Hatzburg[/nation]
[nation]Honghai[/nation]
[nation]Israelli[/nation]
[nation]Kewtpuff[/nation]
[nation]Kotakuan II[/nation]
[nation]La Granadinas[/nation]
[nation]Ma-li[/nation]
[nation]Maziya[/nation]
[nation]Metropolitan Francais[/nation]
[nation]Moroavia[/nation]
[nation]Nevbrejnovitz[/nation]
[nation]New Provenance[/nation]
[nation]Nileia[/nation]
[nation]Nippon-Nihon[/nation]
[nation]Nonador[/nation]
[nation]Nosautempopulus[/nation]
[nation]OsivoII[/nation]
[nation]Paramountica[/nation]
[nation]Paseo[/nation]
[nation]Peking Zhongguo[/nation]
[nation]Pontianus[/nation]
[nation]Provenancia[/nation]
[nation]Ranponian[/nation]
[nation]Reyzen[/nation]
[nation]Rutannia[/nation]
[nation]Socialist Democratic Republic Romania[/nation]
[nation]Spainard[/nation]
[nation]Sri-Lanka[/nation]
[nation]Sudesam[/nation]
[nation]Taiiwan[/nation]
[nation]Teymour[/nation]
[nation]The Black Star-[/nation]
[nation]The Sun States[/nation]
[nation]Turkiye 1st[/nation]
[nation]Ubertica[/nation]
[nation]Vancouver Straits[/nation]
[nation]Victoria Harbor[/nation]
[nation]Vietnam SV[/nation]
[nation]Virnall[/nation]
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Nonador, Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan
The Golden Age of Romania; Four years of Comrade Constantin Rotaru
May 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
| It is with great pleasure that we report on the outstanding achievements of beloved and esteemed Comrade General Secretary Rotaru, who has been leading Romania with unparalleled success over the past four years. Under his visionary leadership, the country has made remarkable progress in various fields, including industry, economy, social welfare, and international relations.
| Since assuming office in May 1952, beloved and esteemed Comrade General Secretary Rotaru has worked tirelessly to promote the interests of the Romanian people and advance the goals of socialism. One of the most notable achievements of his rule has been the unprecedented growth of the Romanian industry, which has experienced remarkable expansion, modernization, and diversification in recent years. Thanks to beloved and esteemed Comrade General Secretary Rotaru's ambitious plans and strategies, Romania is now a major industrial power, producing a wide range of goods and services that meet the needs of its citizens and export markets.
| Moreover, the standard of living and quality of life of the Romanian people have greatly improved under beloved and esteemed Comrade General Secretary Rotaru's leadership. His government has implemented comprehensive programs to address the basic needs of the people, including healthcare, education, housing, and employment. Major housing projects have been launched to provide affordable and comfortable homes for Romanian families, and the healthcare system has been strengthened to ensure that every citizen has access to quality medical care.
| General Secretary Rotaru's achievements have not gone unnoticed by the world community, and Romania has earned a great reputation throughout the world as a progressive, dynamic, and prosperous nation. The country has established friendly relations with other socialist countries and has become a respected member of the international community. General Secretary Rotaru's vision and leadership have played a crucial role in enhancing Romania's global standing and influence.
| The Romanian people have also recognized beloved and esteemed Comrade General Secretary Rotaru's outstanding contributions to their country, and they have expressed their gratitude and admiration in various ways. On the occasion of the fourth anniversary of his rule, the Romanian people organized a massive demonstration to show their support and loyalty to their dear, beloved, and esteemed leader. The streets were filled with flags, banners, and slogans praising beloved and esteemed Comrade General Secretary Rotaru and his achievements, and the atmosphere was festive and joyous.
| Looking forward, the Romanian people are confident that beloved and esteemed Comrade General Secretary Rotaru will continue to lead their country to even greater heights of glory and prosperity. They believe that his vision, courage, and commitment to the socialist cause will inspire and guide them in their pursuit of a better future. As the Supreme Commander of the People's Army, beloved and esteemed Comrade General Secretary Rotaru has the full support and loyalty of the Romanian military, and he is ready to defend the country against any external or internal threat.
Long may you reign, dear Leader!
"Traiasca Partidul Comunist Roman in frunte cu al sau General Secretar, Tovarasul Constantin Rotaru, iubit si stimat conducator al Republicii Socialiste Romania! "
May 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Puebliza, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Hatzburg, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
[list][list][sub]𝙸𝙸𝙸.1956[/sub]
[sub]THE BENELUX DISPATCH[/sub]
IL DISPACCIO DEL BENELUX
[/list][/list]
[list]LA SPEZIA, LIGURIA, REGNO D'ITALIA
[sub][nation=flag]Arcanda[/nation][/sub]
| For many in the industrial and formerly military harbor of La Spezia, it would be a momentous Spring day. The Beneluxian visit had been prepared for weeks and welcomed with great fanfare. Denizens of the city would flock to the harbor, witnessing the arrival of the ships, waving and taking photographs. Streets were lined with Italian and Beneluxian flags, and flowers had been put up everywhere one could look. La Spezia had never looked so joyful or welcoming, and many inhabitants were content to see some activity taking place. Although trade had boomed since the end of the war, the wartime and pre-war military activity had never returned. Only a few vessels, mothballed, lingered in the decrepit harbor, truly a disastrous sight, but one due to great shortcomings in funding and political willingness. Today's visit, one of the first and most important of the last few years, served one clear goal: To redeem Italy's image abroad, which had been badly damaged among its fellow European neighbors by its insistence on retrieving "occupied" territories to Slovenia. The latest events, involving a mysterious sinking in the Adriatic, did not do much to help. For this purpose, the aging Prime Minister, Luigi Einaudi, along with the younger Minister of Foreign Affairs, Giulio Andreotti, were present that day on the pier to welcome Mr. Spaak. |
| The frail but elegant Einaudi, bespectacled and sporting a thin moustache, would extend a hand to the Beneluxian Premier. Despite his old age, his eyes still glimmered with a clever spark. |
[list][sup]| Prime Minister LUIGI EINAUDI: |[/sup] "Your Honor, it is a pleasure to welcome you in this most noble city. I hope the sea was pleasant."[/list][/list]
Nonador, Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Bhaarat Lok
THE GRAND RED FLEET DEPARTS
May 9th 1956
https://youtu.be/UknrGVMj4Qs?t=21
As the final two Kirov Class Light Cruisers came into service just two weeks ago, bringing the total number to six, the Yugoslav Navy has organized a long-range Visit to multiple Ports coined the "Grand Red Fleet" which itself references to the American "Great White Fleet" which sailed across the world in 1907. Of course unlike the American navy, with Yugoslavia having no Naval interests outside of the general Atlantic and Mediterranean Sphere their voyage will limit itself to that area, however will make stops at Tartus (Syria), Alexandria, Tripoli, Gdansk (Poland), Riga (U.S.S.R) before finally ending in Saint Petersburg. The Entire journey to travel consists of 7,236 nautical miles or 13,401 kilometers, and as a result will be the longest single journey undertaken by any Yugoslav Fleet (the Destroyer Split has the honor of largest journey by a single yugoslav Vessel by traveling to the Antarctic) in history.
Ships taking part in the "Grand Red Fleet" :
[list]
Kirov Class Light Cruisers
- 'Belgrade', namesake of the Serbian Capital and Flagship of the Yugoslav Navy
- 'Ljubljana', namesake of the Slovene Capital
- 'Tirana', namesake of the Albanian Capital
- 'Buha', named after Yugoslav Communist of Jewish origin Moša Pijade for his vital role in the wartime uprisings in Montenegro
- 'Novak', named after Starina Novak, a hajduk (Freedom Fighter/Rebel) from the 1500s who has is celebrated as a national symbol of resistance against the Ottomans
- 'Tolbukhin', named after Marshal of the Soviet Union Fyodor Tolbukhin who played a pivotal role in the liberation of Yugoslavia from the fascist menace
Split Class Destroyers (1953 Revamp)
- 'Jelačić', named for Croat National Hero Josip Jelačić
- 'Gradaščević', named for Bosnian National Hero Husein Gradaščević
- 'Skanderbeg', named for Albanian National Hero Skanderbeg
- 'Kushi', named for Albanian Communist and wartime Hero Vojo Kushi
- 'Njegos', named for Montenegrin National Hero Petar II Petrović-Njegoš
- 'Ragusa', namesake of the Republic of Ragusa
Split Class Destroyers
- 'Brač', namesake of the Maritime Republic of Brač
- 'Korčula ', namesake of the Maritime Republic of Korčula
- 'Vis', namesake of the Maritime Republic of Vis
- 'Vojvodina', namesake of the Socialist Republic of Vojvodina and national symbol of the Hungarian minority
- 'Rotaru', named after Romanian Communist Leader Constantin Rotaru
- 'Stalin', named for Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin
Support Ships
- Resupply Vessel 'Vršac'
- Resupply Vessel 'Bjelovar'
- Refueling Vessel 'Zadar'
- Refueling Vessel 'Dubrovnkik'
[/list]
In a similar light to the American voyage, which saw American ships painted entirely white (The US Navy's peacetime color scheme) each Vessel of the Grand Red Fleet shall have a singular Red Band painted along their entire Hull, coupled with a large Red Star painted on either side of their bow. Gifts and other symbolic items are to be handed over to the local authorities of each of the six destinations as a sign of brotherly cooperation and friendship between peoples.
To determine the effectiveness of its Vessels Within the Northern Atlantic, particularly the oceans west of the British Isles due to its rather stormy weather compared to the Channel, the Fleet shall pass along the entire western side of the United Kingdom before swinging around the Shetland Islands and towards the Danish Strait. This is to additionally test the cold weather Equipment issues to Yugoslav Sailors, which while effective within the Mediterranean may be insufficient for long-term operations in the Atlantic.
Two Ilyushin Il-28 Medium Bombers are to drop four special waterproof Canisters around 100km north of Tripoli within which will be stored a collection of luxury Yugoslav Brandy's and Kruškovac. This particular drop shall test the long range capabilities of the Naval Air Arm and to confirm the quality of the waterproof Canisters which are to be accepted into service next year for long range replenishment of Naval missions. The Journey Itself is expected to take place from May 9th to May 20th (when they return to the Bay of Kotor).
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Paseo, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Bhaarat Lok
| DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF KURDISTAN - KOMARA DEMOKRATA KURDISTANÊ |
The Sixth of August Line Guarantees Middle Eastern Peace!
[sub]| Hewler, Southern Defense District
| May, 1956[/sub]
-
Kurdistan nears the completion of its rearmament program as the regime looks to move beyond foreign policy squabbles.
___________________
Late in the spring of 1956, Kurdistan looms uncomfortably close to the center of regional tensions in the Middle East. Iran’s Imperial government received poorly Kurdistan's bid to enforce the Treaty of Diyarbakir via rearmament and had in turn sided with the Hashemite Federation on the issue. The move squashed early optimism in the Eastern Bloc and in Amed that Prime Minister Hoveyda’s “Islamic Socialist” political campaign would create a sympathetic left-wing Iranian government. The rearmament program now seemed as pressing as ever to some officers, but there are also those in the government anxious to get it over with. Defense spending made considerable demands of state finances year on year and the civilian wing of the EKNS is displeased to have delayed the implementation of the coveted first five-year plan.
At an address to the graduating class of the Soviet-staffed Tushpa Military Academy in Van Province, the Chief of Staff of the People’s Army unveiled the final phases of government military plans. General Azad Yousefi details the target of the final increases in defense spending for the 1956 fiscal year, after which the government intends to plateau spending in a bid to soothe regional tensions. The centerpiece of the plan is the construction of the ”6th of August Line”, a 135-mile string of border emplacement, military bases, and defense infrastructure along the Hashemite-Kurd border in the Southern Defense District. Stretching across an L-shaped stretch of the arid south, the line will coordinate a defensive effort between 132,000 total Kurdish troops. The line is the personal brainchild of Lt. Gen. Saman Asina, a senior People’s Army commander who has become in effect the ruling warlord of the threatened southern provinces. As a member of the National Defense Council, Asina has succeeded in selling his preferred policy of deterrence to President Remman. The Line will be the final piece in a multi-year effort to deter a Hashemite invasion of Kurdistan, in hopes the state can turn its attention to economic development and ensure regime popularity.
Considering the resources required to construct the 6th of August Line, military planners estimated they would require 16 months, or until summer 1957, to complete their process. The effort has included the expanded use of government conscription power as well as the signing of additional weapons acquisition agreements with Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union. The result is an influx of hundreds more modern European weapon systems and the galvanized young men needed to wield them. The considerable cost and effort will produce what Amed envisions a Kurdish military capable of invalidating Hashemite and Turkish threats to be. The PeopleÂ’s Army now boasts 225,000 active personnel with 125,000 in reserve. Its dozens of divisions are equipped with hundreds of tanks, armored personnel carriers, and other motor vehicles. A part of its latest efforts is the creation of the elite 170th Airborne Division using Soviet-style training and organization. The PeopleÂ’s Air Force, with 35,000 in active service and an equal number in reserve, fields over 400 fighters and a robust wing of bombers. In the eyes of KurdistanÂ’s generals it is their superior airpower that would be crucial to Kurdish victory in a war with the Hashemites.
[spoiler=Kurdistan Defense Forces Strength and Equipment]
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1805065[/spoiler]
Eastern Bloc material support is a major part of the effort, allowing Kurdistan to man the 6th of August Line with well-equipped mechanized units rather than masses of foot mobile infantry in the style of the First World War. In addition to tens of millions in Soviet equipment, provided mostly as aid or at a steep discount, are the 45,000 total Soviet troops deployed in Kurdistan. In a bid to affirm their dedication to the Soviet-Kurd defense alliance the Soviets also deployed 30,000 troops in the form of two Motor Rifle divisions to the 6th of August Line. Another 15,000 Soviet troops are active throughout Kurdistan in the form of multiple air bases in central Kurdistan as well as a multitude of advisors, mechanics, support troops, and trainers attached to the Defense Forces. This includes the Tushpa Academy, staffed by Soviet veterans and quickly gaining a reputation for graduating competent tactical and strategic officers.
The greatest symbol of Soviet support to the KDK is the news that famed Soviet Marshal Aleksei Antonov would be resigning his role as Chief of Staff of the Combined Forces of the Warsaw Pact in order to join the Soviet detachment in Kurdistan. From the PeopleÂ’s ArmyÂ’s Southern Headquarters in Hewler, Antonov would be assisting in the coordination and construction of the 6th of August Line as well as advising in combat should the Hashemites ever invade Kurdistan. Via Soviet trainers and advisors, as well as the dozens of officers Kurdistan sends to other military colleges in the Soviet Union annually, the Defense Forces have been pervaded by Soviet military theory and organizational theory. This specifically includes the concept of deep battle, which is now favored among Kurdish officers at all levels. KurdistanÂ’s political officers, the Military Political Directorate, are modeled on the Soviet NKVD and General Reswan has personally involved himself in their arrests and investigations.
With his military compatriots satisfied, President Remman now shifts his attention to the demands of his civilian subordinates. The so-called Civil-Bureaucratic, or “Sivburo” faction of the EKNS had opposed the full extent of the military’s financial demands and had been especially aggravated by Remman’s 1955 decision to postpone the first Five-Year Plan and divert funds back to the Defense Forces. The faction's leader is Ibrahim Ehmed, a seasoned revolutionary statesman. Ehmed is a part of the Nationalist old guard and had tangled with Mustafa Barzani frequently until the latter’s fall. Though he possesses mostly ceremonial power in his role as the First Deputy-Secretary, he is influential and has strong patronal ties with many important Ministry officials and Labor leaders. And so when Ehmed approached the President with the Minister of Finance at his side, the President knew to take him seriously.
The past 5 years of defense-oriented state activity had made costly financial demands of the Kurdish treasury. Despite these demands, the government still succeeded in spending considerable amounts on domestic development and economic pursuits. The electrification of the central provinces, the completion of a refurbished rail network, and the successful subsidization of light and heavy industry in select cities were all among the PartyÂ’s economic successes. But even with Belgrade and Moscow providing considerable discounts, the cost of weapons deals and the upkeep of tens of thousands more men meant that the Central PeopleÂ’s Bank was not in ideal shape. The KDK lacked the revenue necessary to finance the current draft 5-year plan and if defense spending was not curbed in the interim, the government itself would face insolvency.
Thus in a public letter to the Central Secretariat of the PeopleÂ’s Assembly, President Remman requested legislative committees prepare budgetary models on defense spending that would considerably reduce it after the completion of the 6th of August Line while maintaining the size and strength of the Defense Forces. In a separate bi-annual address to the PeopleÂ’s Assembly, President Remman also announced that in 1957, the KDK would commence with its first 5-Year Plan, to be completed in 1962. Proposals for the 5-Year Plan will be vetted by the Council of Ministers and the National Defense Council to then be approved by the Politburo, President, and PeopleÂ’s Assembly. With defense aims either met or largely met, and both internal and external moods souring on Kurdish militarization, President Remman is now eager to move Kurdistan on to domestic matters.
_______________
[spoiler=[sub]Glory to the New Day, Glory to Kurdistan![/sub]
THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF KURDISTAN
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
[list][pre]Shaking the hand of the Italian Prime Minister, with a warm smile - followed by the shaking of Mr. Andreotti's hand, the Benelux's Foreign Minister, Spaak would greet them both.[/pre][/list]
PAUL-HENRI SPAAK, Foreign Minister of the Benelux; "Mister Einaudi - Mister Andreotti, you both honor me with your presence! The sea was gracious to us in our trip here.. there was talk of a storm as we traversed the Atlantic near Spain, but it was otherwise uneventful-..."
[list][pre]After a respectable amount of small talk and pleasantries between the group, Mr. Spaak would attempt to shift the conversation towards the business of the day. He knew that his schedule would only allow the squadron to remain in port for approximately 12 hours - and there was much that he desired to accomplish.[/pre][/list]
MR. SPAAK, Foreign Minister; "Do tell my friends, what is the present state of affairs here in Italy? I know, like throughout much of Europe, the hard work of reconstruction continues-.. but I am curious, in what ways has Italy struggled? In what ways can we, as partners, be of support to you during this time?"
Paramountica, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Puebliza, Ranponian, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
[list]May 1956
[sub]Ambedkarism[/sub][/list]
[list][list][pre]अनुसूचित जाति संघ और बी.आर. अम्बेडकर: जाति व्यवस्था के अंत के लिए संघर्ष
THE SCHEDULED CASTES FEDERATION AND B.R. AMBEDKAR: FIGHTING FOR THE END OF THE CASTE SYSTEM[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][sub]MAY 1956 | मई 1956[/sub][/list]
[list] | [sub]Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was a curious man, in the sense that he represented an extremely small but extremely vocal minority within the Indian political community. He was a jurist, economist, and political leader who led the Constitution Drafting Committee and served as the country's first Minister of Law and Justice. He studied in the United Kingdom, receiving doctorates in 1923 and 1927 from London's School of Economics and Columbia University respectively. He was not a member of the Indian National Congress unlike other top independence politicians and activists, but rather rose to prominence when he campaigned and negotiated for the Indian Partition. The true center of his political life began immediately after post-independence, however, when he made it his goal to support Dalits (the "untouchable" class in India's caste system) and integrate them into Buddhism. After working to promote the controversial cause as Law and Justice Minister, he left the First Nehru Ministry in October of 1951 before being elected to a seat in the Rajya Sabha (Council of States; India's upper house) for Bombay State in the 1951-1952 general elections.[/sub] |
| [sub]The policies, philosophies and ideologies of B.R. Ambedkar was unified under Ambedkarism, which served as the primary political ideology of the Scheduled Castes Federation, or SCF. It promoted the principles of Navayana, an interpretation of Buddhism that opposed the existing Theravada and Mahayana interpretations of the religion, along with Hinduism. Ambedkarism was also comprised of the principles of liberty, equality, fraternity, and democratic socialism and constitutionalism. The prime policy, however, was the rejection of the existing caste system and the promotion of equal rights and treatment of the Dalits, or "untouchables" according to the dominant caste social order in Indian society. The Dalits were generally from minority groups within the country, and were treated as the very bottom of India's society; they were barred from wearing good clothes and from working in jobs that weren't the dirtiest of the dirty in society. Until his death, B.R. Ambedkar promoted Ambedkarism and progressive and liberal policies, in his position in the Rajya Sabha and in his position as a public figure as well.[/sub] |
| [sub]Politically, the movement was supported by the Scheduled Castes Federation, or the SCF, which was founded by Ambedkar in 1942. The party campaigned primarily for the rights of the Dalit community, but under the reign of N. Sivaraj from Madras State as the party president, they expanded to support social democracy, expansive welfare, and anti-discrimination and equal rights laws. In the Lok Sabha, the party held 2 seats, while Ambedkar held the singular seat of the party in the upper house. Their movement was controversial at best, considering the cemented nature of the caste system into India's society. There was immense pushback even from the INC's highest ranks - Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and President Mahatma Gandhi included - against the abolishment of the caste system, despite their anti-traditional stances politically and socially. Already, however, Ambedkar was - despite his current battle with diabetes - preparing to organize a larger tent coalition with other minor factions to strengthen the Scheduled Castes Federation and expand it. He was working to expand the public's awareness of the movement especially in Maharastra, where Ambedkar hailed from and where he held the most support.[/sub] |
| [sub]Their primary political goals were bordering on unachievable in the current political and societal climate of the country, but they formed one of the first truly progressive political movements in the new Indian Republican era. While the INC maintained their near-total dominance of Indian electoral politics and over the Indian electorate, progressive movements and traditionalist ones alike held a chance at potentially challenging the INC in the future; all this, of course, would be dependent on how Nehru performed as Prime Minister, and how the inevitable power struggle when Gandhi steps down as Union President will unfold within the Congress.[/sub] | [/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Puebliza, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan
[list][list]MAY 1956
[sub]Presidential Speech[/sub][/list]
[pre] P A T I E N C E A N D T R U S T [/pre]
[list][sub][pre]Hail, precious banner of hope!
Hail, august symbol of peace!
Thy noble presence to our minds
The greatness of our motherland does bring.[/pre][/sub][/list]
CATETE PALACE, Brazil Toucan — EVENING
[sub]RIO DE JANEIRO, Brazil Toucan[/sub]
| For three and a half months, BrazilÂ’s head of state worked hard to solve the countryÂ’s problems. President JUSCELINO KUBITSCHEK sat down at a polished oak table behind a radio microphone. He looked at the members of his Cabinet gathered around the table, checked the time, then picked up some sheets of paper and began to read what amounted to a NATIONWIDE APPEAL FOR PATIENCE AND TRUST. The PresidentÂ’s slow and energetic voice was heard and understood: |
[list]| [sub]JUSCELINO KUBITSCHEK, President of the Republic[/sub] | “We have two main objectives: to fight inflation and to develop the country’s resources.”[/list]
| KUBITSCHEKÂ’s fight against inflation is still too recent to have achieved acceptable results; most of his speech dealt with resource development. The President had good news of BrazilÂ’s petroleum industry. In 1955, the country produced 2 million barrels of oil, enough for just ten daysÂ’ use. This year, BahiaÂ’s oil fields will produce more than 5.5 million barrels, enough to supply the country for a month (at the current pace of consumption). Next year, production of 15 million barrels is expected. And, he announced, new exchange rates to boost exports. The President spoke about new hydroelectric projects, highway construction and agriculture, then came to the main point of his speech. Faced with the growing concern of the population with inflation and the opposition claiming that he is little more than a puppet manipulated by the War Minister HENRIQUE TEIXEIRA LOTT, KUBITSCHEK assured all Brazilians that he had the authority, energy and fighting spirit to fulfill his five-year term and not fall into the abyss of a government marked by imperfection and instability. |
Nonador, Paramountica, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt
Romania begins military exercises with the newest equipment
May 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
| The Socialist Republic of Romania has recently begun a series of military exercises across the country, utilizing the latest equipment manufactured in Romania under licenses from Yugoslavia. The new equipment includes the Moreni M34 tank, based on the Tenk Tip A design, and the Romanian version of the 76 mm mountain gun M48, known as the Moreni R48. Both of these cutting-edge military vehicles are being produced at the Moreni Military Equipment Plant, located in Moreni, Romania.
| These military exercises are being led by Constantin Rotaru, the Supreme Commander of The People's Army in Romania. Comrade Rotaru has been vocal about the importance of modernizing the country's military, and these exercises are a crucial part of that effort. He has ordered that the exercises be carried out in various locations throughout the country, including both rural and urban areas.
| The Moreni M34 is a formidable tank that has been designed specifically for use in rugged mountain terrain, which is abundant throughout Romania. Its advanced design incorporates a 120mm cannon, as well as state-of-the-art armor and a powerful engine. The tank's crew is also protected by a range of safety features, including air conditioning and radiation detectors,Meanwhile, the Moreni R48 is a highly mobile mountain gun that is capable of firing shells up to 76mm in size. This gun has been designed specifically for use in high-altitude locations, and is an important asset for the Romanian military given the country's mountainous terrain in the Carpathian and Apuseni mountains.
| The military exercises themselves have been highly realistic, with troops engaging in a variety of tactical maneuvers and simulated combat scenarios. The exercises have also included live fire drills, allowing troops to test out the capabilities of the new equipment in real-world conditions. Overall, the exercises have been highly successful, with both the Moreni M34 and Moreni R48 demonstrating their effectiveness in a range of different scenarios.
| The Moreni Military Equipment Plant has also been a major source of pride for Romania, with the country now able to produce its own cutting-edge military equipment. This has not only boosted the country's defense capabilities but has also provided a significant economic boost, creating jobs and driving investment in the local area.
"Traiasca Partidul Comunist Roman in frunte cu al sau General Secretar, Tovarasul Constantin Rotaru, iubit si stimat conducator al Republicii Socialiste Romania! "
May 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Puebliza, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan
[list][list]May 1956
[sub]The Great Arab Independence - The Qattara Depression and Aswan High Dam Projects[/sub][/list]
ABDEEN PALACE, CAIRO, (Kotakuan Ii) — MORNING
[list][sub]والله زمان يا سلاحي[/sub][/list][/list]
| Egypt’s economic policies previously to the rise of Gamal Abdel Nasser were primarily directed by financially powerful business leaders, who promoted deregulation and rapid industrialisation using the ‘Party & Nation Revolution’ and ‘Battle for Industry’ as their vehicles. However, this resulted in severe socioeconomic disparity, as only the economic elite benefitted from these programs. With the rise of the National Union and its leader Gamal Abdel Nasser, this status quo ended. Nasser established a centralised planning system with decentralised implementation, allowing the civilian government to exercise true authority over the country's development. Despite advocating for philosophical concepts such as Arab Unity and humanitarian issues such as Palestinian rights, economic development remained a top priority. Two schemes, namely the development of the Qattara Depression and the Aswan Dam, have come to dominate and define Nasser's approach to socioeconomic development. |
| The Qattara Depression, located in western Egypt, has the potential to yield hydroelectric power due to its size and proximity to the Mediterranean sea. Despite research by Dr. John Ball in 1927 and Albrehct Penck expressing similar ideas, the concept was not communicated to the government then, and the Second World War further deemed it irrelevant. However, Egypt's government has now shown an interest in developing the area in the context of increasing energy demands from urbanisation and industrialisation. The Committee for the Development of the Sahara Desert researched the feasibility of channelling Mediterranean water through a tunnel into the Qattara Depression, concluding that the channelled water would evaporate quickly, allowing more water to enter and create an endless source of electrical power. The project would require financial and technological assistance from more developed countries like the United States of America, the United Kingdom or the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The estimated cost would amount to around 1.5 billion USD, requiring the involvement of 25,000 labourers throughout construction.|
| On the other hand, the Aswan High Dam, which potentially would be one of the largest dams in the world, is planned to be built on the Nile River in Egypt to control the annual flooding of the river and to provide hydroelectric power for the country. British engineers first proposed the idea for the dam in the early 20th century. Still, it was not until the current Nasser government that the Aswan High Dam project began to be seriously considered. In tandem with the development of the Qattara Depression, the Aswan High Dam would provide a massive amount of energy that would provide self-sufficient security for the considerable future. The only issue is the funding of both projects and as mentioned previously, it would require financial and technological assistance from more developed countries. However, in March 1956, the Ministry of Finance was tasked by President Nasser with compiling a classified document on the feasibility of the nationalisation of the Suez Canal to finance such projects. With the report in the preliminary stages, it is thought that the nationalisation of the Suez Canal would not provide enough funding for the two projects but would significantly cut the cost of financial assistance needed. This would be an immense positive for President Nasser, who would not be in serious debt and, therefore, would be free to continue the path of Arab nationalism, Arab unity and non-alignment. |
[spoiler=COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Osivoii, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Northern-Epirus
[list][pre]T H E S L O V E N E R E P U B L I C • S L O V E N S K A R E P U B L I K A[/pre][/list]
KOPRIVNIKAR SPEARHEADS THE BRDO ENDEAVOR—SLOVENE ‘SUMMER DIPLOMACY’ IN A NEW AGE
[list][sup]TO COURT, NOT PRY
MAY 1956[/sup][/list]
Long gone were the symbolic demands of the Tomšič-Gosar government. In past years, the Slovene Foreign Ministry had expected unwavering loyalty from SloveniaÂ’s partners, proscribing collaboration with Yugoslavia. Now, a new pragmatism budded in Ljubljana.
Nikola Koprivnikar had quickly come to the conclusion that Tomšič-Gosar diplomacy had inspired no more love for Slovenia than had already existed since independence. True victory against Yugoslavia could be more surely obtained by undercutting it: using SloveniaÂ’s burgeoning industry against the totalitarian state, betting on TitoÂ’s fondness for enormous military and diplomatic projects burdening its already bereft economy. So, he derided the previous strategy, opting instead for what he called ‘summer diplomacy’—complete acceptance of any partnerships with any foreign power that could stand to benefit the Republic, save for those directly working against it. Devised at Brdo Castle near Kranj, the so-called prizadevanje Brdo (“Brdo Endeavor”) was to be a new approach at Slovene diplomacy—though one which, for now, would exclude Italy and most socialist states.
[list][sup]TO THE UNITED STATES (Paramountica): American diplomats were among the most welcome in Slovenia—the United States had stood firmly behind the Slovene Republic, despite its representatives’ inability to resolve the Italian veto of Slovenian membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Several Slovene companies had been founded in partnership with American corporations seeking to expand their operations. Thus, the American embassy staff in Ljubljana was invited to the lavish season opening of the Maribor opera, where the rosy-cheeked ambassador hailed “the new Slovene diplomatic order” as an international accomplishment. A major corridor of the Maribor opera house was to feature a bronze bust of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who had secured a place for Slovenia among the United Nations in 1942. After a year of display, it would be gifted to the embassy itself.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE UNITED KINGDOM (Great Britain Gb): A similar dynamic transpired between the United Kingdom and Slovenia. Slovene opulence, cultural diversity, and modernity had captivated several elite London circles, resulting in a meeting of governments to discuss further relations between the Republic and the Kingdom. Improvement of the academic climate between the countries was one key goal; high-end seminars and university lectures on geography, economics and philosophy had begun the effort in earnest, allowing for the exchange of ideas and best practices. Both countries aimed to strengthen the local rectorships and universities in order to benefit the educational profile for both countries—while also pledging to a shared commitment to Western European defense and politics.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE FRENCH REPUBLIC (Metropolitan Francais): France and Slovenia had long enjoyed fruitful relations. The Napoleonic recognition of the Slovene language had been one of the catalysts for the nineteenth-century Slovene national movement, and the visit of Vincent Auriol to the Republic in 1947 only sealed the two countries’ modern friendship. The French ambassador to Slovenia was frequently seen attending social events in the finer districts of Ljubljana, where traditional French brasseries and hospitality held sway. French companies had become prominent Slovene business partners, allowing Slovene businesses to use their connections to expand beyond the Mediterranean. For this, the French embassy was to be gifted an ornamental French sword of the Napoleonic era—one of many nineteenth-century artifacts held by Slovene musea.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY (New Provenance): It was no secret that the West Germans were playing a pioneering role in post-war European collaboration. Diplomatic relations with the Federal Republic were aggressively pursued; the German reputation for research led the Koprivnikar-Kraigher government to schedule a private tour of the Črni Vrh Observatory with astronomer-author Pavel Kunaver in anticipation of the ObservatoryÂ’s fifth anniversary. A wing of the observatory was to be dedicated to German-born astronomer Wernher von Braun, who was now even more widely in the public eye for developing the Redstone rockets.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE BENELUX (Nonador): A union of Germano-Romance ancestry, the Benelux was a unique diplomatic force in modern Europe. While fraternal relations between the two countries had existed since the end of Second World War, it was the Koprivnikar-Kraigher government that hoped to enable a deeper understanding between them—and leverage them into supporting the Republic in the Italo-Slovenian predicament. Koprivnikar himself personally visited the nation’s embassy to gift them an ornate painting of Saint Barbara, a patron saint of the Slovenian community of South Limburg (largely made up of miners).[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE KINGDOM OF GREECE (Adriatican Islands): Slovenia’s staunchest Mediterranean partner was the Kingdom of Greece. The common interests between the two states—namely that of the Adriatic Sea—had ensured a robust relationship between them. The partnership had been a valuable asset to Slovenia in its fight against Italo-Yugoslavian hegemony, both through clandestine meetings between the nations’ respective civil servants and through a concerted effort to expand trade, diplomatic, and military ties. The Koprivnikar government was to ceremonially gift Greece a hand-crafted staff of exquisitely carved olive wood, a testament to both Greco-Slovenian artisanry and the two nations’ entwined destinies.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE HELVETIC REPUBLIC (Cascadla): Koprivnikar’s summer diplomacy failed to extend only to the former Allied powers; the president’s personal understanding of the local Alpine countries showed in his efforts to court them as well. Koprivnikar and his diplomatic corps planned to make frequent visits to the Swiss cantons, sharing trade secrets and introducing new deals in several sectors. Some of the most ambitious ventures aimed to see the appearance of mechanical round balers purchased wholesale from farm equipment manufacturer Gorenje and installed at local farms in Switzerland. Swiss precision engineering was likewise sought after, and purchases of gunsmithing equipment were pursued by Borovlje-based gunmaker Zlatorog. As a token of friendship to encourage the facilitation of the deals, Koprivnikar presented the Swiss embassy in Ljubljana with an ornate Swiss clock bearing motifs of both countries—a symbol of his interest in Alpine solidarity.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY (Turkiye 1St): Scarce relations existed between Slovenia and Turkey—though joined by the Mediterranean, recent history tied Turkey and Slovenia to altogether separate issues. However, as the world shrunk, no cause could be given for any silence between the two nations. The Koprivnikar government saw an ornate tapestry of fabric woven from the famed Carniolan shepherds’ wooly sheep given to the Turkish ambassador; the work, depicting the Turkish crescent over the Hagia Sophia, was created by the Slovene artist Ferko Pahor and was intended to hang in the Turkish diplomatic mission.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE IMPERIAL STATE OF IRAN (Alzarikstan): Relations with Iran were already on the rise between the visit of the Shah and further agreements sealed recently. The EmpireÂ’s persistent interest in Slovene innovation was noted by Koprivnikar, whose office arranged that the new luxury rail line between Trst and Gradec be publicly tested with the Imperial Iranian ambassador as the guest of honor. With champagne and fanfare, the ride would take place in early June, the forests of Slovenia in full green and the ride adorned with stops at historic sites.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE UNITED PEOPLE OF ZAIRE (Paseo): The curious but robust relationship between Slovenia and Zaire was one of Koprivnikar’s more determined pursuits. Aside from the shared desire for an independent, progressive African nation, Koprivnikar hoped to open new markets and opportunities. In celebration of the Sloveno-Zairean partnership, the Slovene government commissioned local furniture makers at Bled to craft an opulent desk for the Zairian ambassador—it would bear interwoven Slovenian and Zairean symbols to epitomize the nations’ bond.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE UNITED PROVINCES OF LA PLATA (Kewtpuff): Recent La Platan confrontations with Yugoslavia positioned the nation firmly upon the Slovene side of the Adriatic. An open invitation was thus sent for officials of the La Platan state to travel to Slovenia, where tour guides would showcase the best of Slovenian sights and institutions. Though little interaction had yet happened between South America and Southern Europe, Koprivnikar was decidedly eager for lasting ties with La Plata: in July, the Republic was to host a special dinner in honor of La Platan parliamentarians.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE UNITED STATES OF BRAZIL: (Brazil Toucan): Though Sloveno-Brazilian diplomatic and trade negotiations remained in their infancy, Koprivnikar fully intended to have a full embassy of Brazil established in Ljubljana by 1960. To foster the construction of such a mission, the Foreign Ministry delivered Brazilian diplomats with a peculiar gift: a long, polished table veneered with tortoiseshell and gilt copper, meant to be the centerpiece of the future embassyÂ’s meeting hall. The marquetry, inlaid by several artists from Trst, was to be additionally embossed with the coats of arms of Brazil and Slovenia.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE ARAB LEAGUE (Al-Morocco, Bescania, Hashemite Kingdoms, Kotakuan Ii, Nileia, Nileya, Sudesam): Koprivnikar was keen to forge strong connections with the Arab League, which he viewed as “the hinge of Europe, Asia, and Africa”. Relations with the League had already been established through the various Slovenian political, business, and aid vehicles, such as military licensing deals with Saudi Arabia, but Koprivnikar sought policy reformulation based on closer ties. Thus, the Koprivnikar government offered the traditional gift of oriental rugs and tapestries to be woven in a joint Sloveno-Arabian fashion to the ambassadors of all Arab League nations, as well as complimentary diplomatic visits to the cities of the Republic and the nearby Alps. On these trips, the government hoped, new deals were guaranteed.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA (Victoria Harbor): The Koprivnikar-Kraigher government’s mission of openness extended to South Africa as well. They scheduled a trade delegation to visit in mid-May to discuss the latest advances in Slovene and South African industry, among other topics. Similarly, discussions were in motion to propose sports friendlies to link the two distant nations, though much work was to be done. For now, the South African ambassador was to be presented with landmark seventeenth-century prints of the works of Slovene humanist Primož Trubar.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE REPUBLIC OF INDIA (Bhaarat Lok): Ambitious plans were made for the future of Indo-Slovenian relations; Koprivnikar keenly recognized the vast potential of the enormous nation. Bringing together literary societies and sciences were two main focal points, an effort eagerly suggested by the Slovene ambassador to Indo; various university tri-annuals were proposed, while many Slovene and Indian classical poets were suggested to exchange letters and impressions. A small exchange of gifts was held between the embassy and KoprivnikarÂ’s office, with one of many prize filings being a suede-bound print of an Indian epic, inscribed with a sophisticated design of a peacock.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE UNITED MEXICAN STATES (Puebliza): Few ties existed between Mexico and Slovenia, and what work was to be done needed to be foundational. Mexican diplomats were invited to a summit at the magnificent Lake Bohinj, where student exchange programs and basic trade parameters were to be discussed. The Mexican envoys were told to expect a gift of recognition from the Republic: a vintage mural of the Mexican Revolution, prepared by the Slovene Fine Arts Society, would be sent to Mexico City.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA (Asharken): The Republic, rather than the People’s Republic, was Slovenia’s preferred partner in Chinese affairs. Retaining resistance to socialism as a key component of its foreign policy, Slovenia would stand in no more favour with Mao’s comrades than it had with Josip Broz Tito. Thus, a special kinship existed with Taiwan, a state that, like Slovenia, sought to fight for world visibility against a towering opponent. To this end, the Koprivnikar government brought a collection of Slovene alpine works—paintings, bronze statues, and frescoes—to the Taipei legation; these works were to feature—like the tapestry for Turkey—traditional symbols, tying the two states together through glorious pasts.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO THE STATE OF JAPAN (Nippon-Nihon): Japan and Slovenia held much of the same appeal to tourists; both places were connoted with spectacular nature and ancient culture. Thus, Koprivnikar viewed the two nations’ newly blossoming partnership as a “bond of both necessity and nature.” The two, he intended, were to share a mutual respect through the exchange of artifacts and artwork as the Japanese economy recovered. During the upcoming summer, a prominent art history lecture series would feature a collection of Japanese works that would tour the nation’s universities.[/sup][/list]
[list][sup]TO ALL OTHERS: Beyond Italy and the Eastern Bloc, Slovenia was to reach out to countries of all shades of politics. The expanding European community was one major endeavor, but Koprivnikar was set on spreading the name of Slovenia and fruitful collaboration around the world. Meetings, cooperation and harmony were sought everywhere, and nations were openly invited to reach out the hand of friendship in diplomacy.[/sup][/list]
With perseverance and patience, Koprivnikar intended to win over the world. Slovene national success was, to him, obtained better with realpolitik than moral obstinacy—so Slovenia’s summer diplomacy began.
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Osivoii, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Hatzburg, Brazil Toucan
[list][list]FEBRUARY 1956
[sub]TAMADON-E BOZORG[/sub][/list]
[sub][pre] H O V E Y D A' S L E G A C Y [/pre][/sub]
[list][list][sub][pre]O Cyrus, Great King, King of Kings
Achaemenian King, King of the Land of Iran.
I, Shahanshah of Iran, offer thee salutations from myself and from my nation.
Rest in Peace, for we are awake, and we will always stay awake.[/pre][/sub][/list][/list]
TEHRAN,
[sub]Alzarikstan[/sub]
[list][pre]IRANIAN COMMUNIST PROTESTERS FEEL THE WRATH OF HOVEYDA IN BUKAN![/pre][/list]
| Since the dissolution of the Iranian Communist Party, many of the party officials opted to join the Party of the Nation of Iran with the hopes of being able to advocate within the party ranks Communist industrial policies and social equality initiatives. This integration has been somewhat successful with 30 high ranking officials of the former party being arrested in "show trials" to send a statement to Iranian Communists to toe the PNI party line. As protesting is largely protected as a freedom of speech within the Empire of Iran, Communists have protested non-violently on university campuses and public squares after receiving official permits from the Ministry of Justice to conduct their protests under police supervision. The protests largely pleaded for Hoveyda to reverse the legislation that banned their political party and moreover, some of the protesters pleaded to the Shah, undermining their own anti-monarchical viewpoints, to intervene on the policy perceived as infringing upon their freedom of speech and assembly. |
| Such organized protests in Tehran were allowed to remain undeterred. However, in Bukan, the more junior and freshmen former members of the Iranian Communist Party begun to openly defy the protest registration procedure with the Ministry of Justice and decided to take it upon themselves to protest in the middle of Bukan, interrupting traffic and construction projects. Bukan city police did seek to deescalate the situation; however, the Iranian Communists opted for a more aggressive form of protest, taking trash such as soda bottles and rocks to throw at police cars and personnel. After the first throw of trash and rocks, new personnel of the People's Mujahideen Organization of Iran showed up on the scene and ordered for the protesters to stop their violence and to put their hands behind their back. Adhering to their aggressiveness, the protesters disobeyed the orders and turned their attention to a local business bakery. In this situation, 10 protesters would be present with 7 PMOI and 8 Bukan police officers. The 10 protesters would begin vandalizing the bakery upon returning from their car with a bat, crowbar, and bottles of alcohol for the making of two cocktail molotovs to be thrown at the bakery. With the bakery in flames, the PMOI personnel went to their vehicles to retrieve their clubs and three Sarabi dogs (Persian mastiff). While the protesters were returning to their protest demanding for the Communist Party to return, the PMOI released their dogs upon the protesters while they followed behind along with the police to swarm the protesters and beat them within an inch of their lives. The fire department would be immediately called to extinguish the flames from the bakery while Bakun city officials of the PNI would authorize compensation to the bakery owners to have the building reconstructed with modern equipment to return to business as soon as possible. |
| News of the small Bakun Communist riot would reach the ear of Amir-Abbas Hoveyda, who would appear callous as normal but was internalizing the information presented to him. Hoveyda prompted the PNI to use this event to further show why the ban was essential and to formulate propaganda to tie the Bukan Communists with the recent actions of the Soviet Union. Hoveyda's intention is to demonstrate Iranian Communists are potentially preparing to conduct violence against the Hoveyda regime and the Shah. With Iranian media receiving talking points covertly from the Iranian government, the media broadcast of the event in Bukan would begin to demonize the Iranian communists that did not join the Party of the Nation of Iran. |
__________
Nonador, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Tallahan, Turkiye 1St
[list]MAY 1956
[sub]BEAUFORT-WEST — REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA[/sub]
[sub]BEAUTFOR-WES — REPUBLIEK VAN SUID-AFRIKA[/sub][/list]
[list][list][pre]|A REFERENDUM ON BECOMING A REPUBLIC [/pre][/list][/list]
[LIST][LIST][pre]|'N REFERENDUM OOR 'N REPUBLIEK WORD [/pre][/list][/list]
[LIST][LIST][pre]|IREFENDAM YOKUBA YIRPHABHILI [/pre][/list][/list]
| Republicanism had been a central theme for all of the political parties in the previous election. All, except the United Party, ran on a campaign on independence within the term of office. The existing government, made of a coalition between the National Democratic Alliance and the Workers Party, had long described the South African monarch as a relic of imperialism unfit for a sovereign state and for the new post-war era. Feeling confident from a wave of domestic success, the Prime Minister and Government sought to capitalise on the moment and make a final push with the 1956 Referendum.
In his Work Report to the 2nd Session of the National Assembly the Prime Minister laid out the date of the referendum and the form of government the state would take following a successful result. South Africa was to become a semi-presidential republic with the Prime Minister serving as the provisional head of state until the next election cycle. The National Assembly overwhelmingly supported the decision of the Prime Minister only finding opposition in the United Party. The UP in the 2nd Session and after had campaigned on South Africa losing its Commonwealth membership and trade links to all members of the realm. Having only 9 members in the National Assembly, their opposition was largely disregarded by the overwhelming support for a republic by all other members of the legislative body.
Begging the question [I]“ARE YOU IN FAVOUR OF A REPUBLIC FOR THE UNION”[/I] the people would vote and The Government's confident gamble would pay off. South Africans would vote overwhelmingly for a republic.
[list]ARE YOU IN FAVOUR OF A REPUBLIC FOR THE UNION
IS JY TEN GUNSTE VAN 'N REPUBLIEK VIR DIE UNIE
INGABA UTHANDA IRIPHABHLIKHI YOMBUTHO[/list]
[list]· FOR — 83%
· AGAINST — 17%[/LIST]
In an address to the South African public, Prime Minister van Den Heever congratulated the public on casting out the last vestiges of imperialism. He similarly vowed to maintain and strengthen ties to the United Kingdom and nations within the Commonwealth, although within the framework of South Africa’s “third way”. With a successful referendum, the task of passing a constitutional amendment was left to the National Assembly, a body which many have called rubber stamp. Nonetheless, the birth of the Republic of South Africa represented another major victory in a string of domestic policy wins for van Den Heever and his government. Such a victory will only strengthen the Government's already existing sense of confidence.
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Osivoii, Asharken, Puebliza, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St
[list][list]JUNE 1956
[sub]Kubitschek and the Peronists[/sub][/list]
[pre] F O R A S T R O N G S O U T H A M E R I C A [/pre]
[list][sub][pre]Hail, precious banner of hope!
Hail, august symbol of peace!
Thy noble presence to our minds
The greatness of our motherland does bring.[/pre][/sub][/list]
AVENIDA 9 DE JULIO, Kewtpuff — AFTERNOON
[sub]BUENOS AIRES, Kewtpuff[/sub]
| A few days before his trip to Buenos Aires, the tall, blue-eyed President JUSCELINO KUBITSCHEK met with his Foreign Minister JOÃO CARLOS DE MACEDO SOARES, and both agreed on the creation of a four-men council to deal with South American affairs. By the end of the year, the government intends to visit at least three South American nations, to show that Brazil’s interest is in a united and strong South America. With the four-men council assembled, President KUBITSCHEK was the first to speak: |
[list]| [sub]JUSCELINO KUBITSCHEK, President of the Republic[/sub] | “It is important that we are always focused on improving relations with our neighbors and never leave South America aside.”[/list]
| On the runway at Rio de Janeiro Airport, newsmen with notebooks and pens in their hands wrote down everything the President said about his trip. Before boarding the plane, some newsmen took a picture of the President, and soon most newspapers would print the headline: “KUBITSCHEK VISIT JUAN PERÓN.” KUBITSCHEK will stop in São Borja to visit his old friend, ex-President VARGAS. The 74-year-old ex-President GETÚLIO VARGAS thinks of nothing but his family, but KUBITSCHEK offered him the position of Brazilian Ambassador to La Plata, VARGAS then changed his mind and accepted the well-paying job. His appointment as Ambassador takes place next month. After visiting his old friend, the President got back on the plane to take him to Buenos Aires. As soon as the presidential plane landed in Buenos Aires, President KUBITSCHEK was welcomed by the La Platan delegation and President JUAN PERÓN. Upon leaving the airport, the two heads of state got into a car and drove along the famous and beautiful Avenida 9 de Julio, in Buenos Aires. |
[list]| [sub]JUSCELINO KUBITSCHEK, President of the Republic[/sub] | “So this is the famous Avenida 9 de Julio.”[/list]
| Meanwhile, at home, a noise coming from the military wing would give KUBITSCHEK a headache when he returned, someone on the President’s staff leaked to an army official about VARGAS’ appointment as Brazil’s ambassador to La Plata, which angered the Brazilian military, who announced that they would vehemently oppose this decision. According to the constitution, Vice President JOÃO GOULART is Brazil’s Acting President when the President is absent. To calm the military leadership, GOULART stated that the leaked information was false and that nothing was confirmed. To calm the nerves of the military leadership, GOULART claimed that the leaked information was false, but they insisted it was true and continued to protest VARGAS’ appointment. President KUBITSCHEK now has a challenge to solve when he returns: Negotiate with military leaders. |
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Turkiye 1St
| WORLDVISION SONG CONTEST 1956 |
[sub]10th of June, 1956[/sub]
[sub]PODGORICA, YUGOSLAVIA[/sub]
| The Worldvision Song Contest is finding itself to become a popularized show around the world, and this year the contest has taken place in YUGOSLAVIA, after their last year victory. The contest is being held in the beautiful city of Podgorica, which is astonishing visitors with its striking beauty and hospitality. The contest has once again been played live on radio, it has been televised in the nearest nations and has been recorded to be played in cinemas. However, for the first time in history the recording of the show will be played on TV stations around the world in some countries, bringing the contest to a new level of technology. The stage in Podgorica has also been prepared in a different manner than before, allowing some acts to bring on their own bands and backup singers. |
[list][ WORLDVISION SONG CONTEST OFFICIAL RESULTS; ]
1st Place - LA PLATA with 190 Points!
2nd Place - SLOVENIA with 168 Points!
3rd Place - JAPAN with 120 Points!
4th Place - ZAIRE with 110 Points!
5th Place - YUGOSLAVIA with 108 Points!
6th Place - ITALY with 100 Points!
7th Place - IRAN with 99 Points!
8th Place - KOREA with 98 Points!
9th Place - BENELUX with 70 Points!
10th Place - POLAND with 65 Points!
11th Place - WEST GERMANY with 52 Points!
12th Place - SOVIET UNION with 45 Points!
13th Place - ETHIOPIA with 38 Points!
14th Place - SOUTH AFRICA with 36 Points!
15th Place - MALAYSIA with 28 Points!
16th Place - MEXICO with 27 Points!
17th Place - FRANCE with 26 Points!
18th Place - UNITED STATES OF AMERICA with 22 Points!
19th Place - SUDAN with 19 Points!
20th Place - EAST GERMANY with 10 Points!
21st Place - CZECHOSLOVAKIA with 8 Points!
22nd Place - ISRAEL with 5 Points!
23rd Place - SPAIN with 2 Points!
24th Place - GREECE with 2 Points!
25th Place - TURKEY with 2 Points![/list]
| The winner of the Worldvision Song Contest 1956 is ATAHUALPA YUPANQUI with his song LOS HERMANOS, therefore giving victory to LA PLATA. The Worldvision Song Committee will reach out to the La Plata government about the organisation of the next contest in La Plata. Mr Yupanqui took the stage to perform his song, instead to give a speech. After last year incident with the Yugoslavian winner claiming victory as a national triumph over Slovenia, the committee has decided that the winning act will simply perform again at the end of the show. Mr Yupanqui is also the first male performer to have won the contest since its start in 1953.
However, this year has been tense. The Slovenian delegation was delegated a hotel outside of the city, making their ability to reach the event very difficult. Every time the Slovenian representative gained points, all around boos and whistling could be heard. Furthermore, the Slovenian delegation, unlike all the others, was not given any police protection during the event. The Slovenian delegation also had to wait over 24 hours at the airport due to security reasons before being allowed to travel to the city of the event. However, compared to the last year contest, the atmosphere was far more calm and relaxed nonetheless. |
[spoiler="The contest is starting to relax itself into the world. It is becoming a staple of modern post-war world culture."]Ababemba
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Rutannia, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St
Hello its nice to meet everyone
Ranponian
Finally, a region that fits me!
Ranponian, Van Diemens Landt
Guy 1: “Did you bring your camera?”
Guy 2: “No,” he offers in disbelief, “I’m not trying to get arrested.”
Guy 1: “Haha good I was just keeping you in check.”
*putzing in pew* *looking at watches*
Guy 2: “I guess this is it.”
Guy 1: “Huh? Oh, yeah. Today’s the big day.”
Guy 2: “You don’t seem so excited.”
Guy 1: “No, I am, it’s just… I stayed up with the kids all night. They were dying to come here, so I had to make do with their own gala at home last night. — all night.”
Guy 2: “That’s sweet.”
Guy 1: “Yeah, well… it’s necessary.”
Guy 2: “Mari and the nan are taking the kids to the theater today. It’ll be a real treat since they can’t make it here.”
Guy 1: “Oh, yeah! I heard they put together a whole host of themed material from across the empire for this week. A real 'legends of old' sorta program at the theater.”
Guy 2: “Exac— Oh, shh. The Padrisar is rising.”
Padrisar Cherbel rises before the congregation to speak:
*addressing the businessmenÂ’s section*
“QUIET DOWN
*he opens a dusty old book*
“From the beauty and bounty of our time on this earth, we only so often take time to wonder at miracles. …” *simple organ music begins in the background*
“The angels weep down upon us in even this most modest temple of ours here outside Ras elMelk, tears to wash the souls of we burdened Avrami ... and other men.
[Image]
"I will read from a passage of the first of elKitab elIbri. Â
“From on high we are shown the way and the light of life. How to follow, to lead, to cope with our toilings.
“It is only on occasions as this that we are allowed the grace and joy, to see those who strive to produce fruit from this struggling nation. Today we, for our liege, rejoice in found love. Love and liege.”
The audience repeats: “Love and liege.”
The congregation sings a solemn hymn as the chamber doors open to welcome the Prince and his family, among them three governors, two High Justices of the Holy Council, and of course the King.
Behind them approach a dozen young horses, upon each sit the youngest children of the royal and housed lines, and of course, too, those of the president’s cabinet and senate opposition leadership. “Little Anne Marie is looking quite darling today, in a rehash or her grandmother’s own garb which took the country by storm in spring of ‘86.” This and similar thoughts mark the minds of many onlookers.
These young boys and girls symbolize the bonds between those of divine blood and those representing the peopleÂ’s blood, lest they forget they forge our peopleÂ’s path together. They are the future of our ruling classes, most presume. All children of the selected families will see their schooling afforded by the crown.
It is rare, but on a day like today the King is not the center of attention. Instead, he kisses his son on either cheek and walk with him and the PrinceÂ’s mother to the front of the chamber.
The congregation rises to clap for their liege family, before they sit and the room falls silent again.
Padrisar Cherbel gestures toward the rafters and red silk and velvet unravel to cover the stainglass windows.
The princeÂ’s niece rises and joins a small choral body to the left of the Padrisar.
https://youtu.be/locW-9S00VU
The chamber doors open once more as monks escort Maria and her family slowly through the chambers, swinging incense as they pass in front of each section of the congregation: sections filled with capitalists, state administrators, landed operators of famous vinyards and orchards, union leaders, members of the clergy of each major faith across Arazïe — none can help but lower their gaze as the soon to be princess passes.
She is placed across from her Prince and love, ‘Nahban Jazab son of the Anahtar (King/Emperor) and next in his line.
Between them are stacked books: those of imperial history and management, marking everything from demography and land tenure to family lines and firsthand accounts of classical legends, recording the last six hundred or more years of this family's reign. Within that stack lie the national constitution, signed within this century, and the imperial copy of the holy elKitab elIbri.
The Padrisar walks the couple through each document to be signed and stamped with their new insignias together, and as they do so, the room, like a schoolhouse, slowly amplifies with the murmuring and rumbling of conversation, judgment and rumor among them. They fall silent when, half an hour later, the Anahtar stands from his pew and raises his arms for silence. A hush hits the room.
The Padrisar beckons, and the couple meet lips.
[Image]
Doors swing open, up and down either side the chamber. Bells blare. First from atop the temple, then from far off in the distance and all across the city, their echos overlapping to produce a cacophony of celebratory noise over which now violently swinging incense thuribles hiss in accord.
Light shines in again through the stainglass windows on what success this both wedding and proclamation of succession has been.
“GOD BLESS HEIR JAZAB AND GOD BLESS PRINCESS MARIA” the Padrisar bellows unheard.
“بارك فرستنج و آورام في جزاب وباركها في النهبانة ماريا”
From the back of the congregation enter all those who sat in their chamber boxes, dressed elegantly but unseen until now. They represent the finest families, special guests of the bride and groom. Many women wear the dresses which their great grandmothers had passed through the ages. Only a few men wear their ancestral robes, however, as most don Western suits. This crowd burst in celebratory laughter and drunken revelry through the main chamber doors, welcomed by the cheers of the crowd, all of whom except the clergy rush to the edges of their aisles to greet and shake hands with these fine families. It is a formal parade, but nonetheless an uproarious party of famous faces. The night is young, and the celebratory weekend more so. Many will drink on the temple property, but most will stream into open parties throughout the city and nearby valleys, celebrating with their staff, servants, and laborers. No doubt, even being driven by one's guards is ill advised; they'd been drinking since early this morning.
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Arcanda, Victoria Harbor, Alzarikstan, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Adriatican Islands, Greater Kurdistane, Archivewald, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St
Post self-deleted by Van Diemens Landt.
[list][list]FEBRUARY 1956
[sub]TAMADON-E BOZORG[/sub][/list]
[sub][pre] H O V E Y D A' S L E G A C Y [/pre][/sub]
[list][list][sub][pre]O Cyrus, Great King, King of Kings
Achaemenian King, King of the Land of Iran.
I, Shahanshah of Iran, offer thee salutations from myself and from my nation.
Rest in Peace, for we are awake, and we will always stay awake.[/pre][/sub][/list][/list]
TEHRAN,
[sub]Alzarikstan[/sub]
[list][pre]PRIME MINISTER HOVEYDA SIGNS HEALTHCARE BILL INTO LAW![/pre][/list]
| The promised healthcare system reform from Hoveyda's first term as Prime Minister has officially been signed into law! |
| The new healthcare in Iran combines both state participation and private sector/market regulation as the new legislation makes the health system universal, although a significant portion of healthcare is privately funded. The new healthcare system is based on a National Health Insurance Program (NHIP), a public health insurance program run by the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, where Iranians of sufficient income must pay contributions to insure themselves and their dependents, and the Medical Aid Assistance Program, a social welfare program run by the central government and local governments to insure those unable to pay National Health Insurance contributions. To achieve compliance to new state regulations and to adhere to the requirements of the new healthcare system and process, Iranian health professionals are required to increase their knowledge and obtain new certifications with medical methodology while increasing public knowledge of proper sanitation, primarily in tribal and underdeveloped areas of the nation, and to organize hospitals by the department. This component is specifically being assisted by Slovenian specialists to develop a more sophisticated and comprehensive network of hospitals and domestic pharmaceutical manufacturers. A core component of the new healthcare law is healthcare is no longer an option, thus making the State mandate to all employers that the providing of healthcare is required as part of employment perks. Furthermore, the new law mandates employee medical insurance in firms of 700 or more employees while introducing the Medical Aid Assistance Program to provide medical services for low-income citizens. |
| Upon the completion of implementation of this first stage for a complete healthcare overhaul (1956-1959), the second stage (1960-1964) will include universal healthcare insurance to all government workers and self-employed individuals. The legislation hopes to achieve gradual full universal healthcare coverage for all Iranians by 1970 as government officials anticipate equity issues within society to hinder full immediate implementation as insurance coverages would theoretically group people into different categories based on demographic factors like geographical location and employment type. However, the end goal is a modified single-payer compulsory social insurance health plan that allows for optional private healthcare plans. The apparatus of the new healthcare system operates to achieve and provide universal coverage offered by a government-run insurer, covering outpatient visits, inpatient care, dental care, traditional medicine, and prescription drugs. The working population pays premiums split with their employers; others pay a flat rate with government help and the poor or veterans are fully subsidized. There are no financial barriers to receiving the medical care required by an individual. Under this model, Iranian citizens will have free range to choose hospitals and physicians without using a gatekeeper and do not have to worry about waiting lists. NHIP will offer a comprehensive benefit package that covers preventive medical services, prescription drugs, dental services, traditional Iranian medicine and therapeutics, home nurse visits and much more to raise public and private health standards and living standards. Working people will not have to worry about losing or changing their jobs because they will not lose their insurance. Another goal of the NHIP is for the previously uninsured to increase their usage of medical services. Most preventive services have been declared free such as annual checkups and maternal and child care. Regular office visits have co-payments to be directly regulated by the government amid negotiations with pharmaceutical manufacturers and hospital representatives. |
__________
Nonador, Paramountica, Arazistan, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Tallahan, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St
Post self-deleted by Brazil Toucan.
[list][list][list][pre]RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
FRENCH BUREAUCRACY
MINISTÈRE DE L’INTÉRIEUR[/pre][/list]
______
MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR: DISCUSSIONS OF A FIFTH REPUBLIC BEGIN TO EMERGE WITH DE GUALLE AT THE HELM AS GOVERNMENT GRAPPLES THE ALGERIAN CRISIS
[sub]IVTH REPUBLIC | PARIS, JUNE 1956[/sub][/list]
[sub]| HELM OF LIBERTÉ, MINISTÈRE DE L’INTÉRIEUR - | The Algerian crisis threatens to change the political structure of France entirely. The government of Socialist Premier Guy Mollet persists in office partly because no other majority among France's politicians wants to assume the onus of grappling with the dilemma of Algeria. When Mollet returns from a visit to Algiers next week, he will face a debate on his Algerian policy. Nowhere are there more misgivings about his policy than among the members of his own Socialist party, deeply uncomfortable about the war of repression which circumstance has forced on them. Mollet may survive, but will that be enough?[/sub]
[sub]Last week, watching the spreading decay in Algeria, increasing numbers of Frenchmen were reaching an unhappy conclusion: a policy of negatives will not save Algeria, and the Fourth Republic which has had 22 Premiers in eleven years, seems incapable of providing anything else. Frenchmen of all shades of the political spectrum talked of the need for a fundamental revision of the regime itself. Such talk has long been café chatter in France. What gave it sudden new weight was a short speech by Premier Mollet himself. Socialists have always been the most vociferous opponents of a strong executive, fearing right-wing authoritarianism. Earlier last week Socialist Mollet declared: "The country has the impression that her institutions no longer correspond to the needs of the modern state. It is for the republicans themselves to take the initiative for a profound constitutional reform." Mollet declared that he intended to introduce "a small number of simple propositions" to provide "the assurance of governmental continuity."[/sub]
[sub]In recent weeks talk has revolved around a bold reform with the institution of a presidential regime, patterned on the U.S. system. Its most impressive advocate is the "Committee for the Study of the Republic," a body formed a year ago by Christian Pineau, now Foreign Minister. The committee included outstanding jurists, government officials and many political leaders, among them Pierre Mendes-France. It found that neither changes in the electoral system nor reforms of the present system could convert France to a two-party system like Britain's or the U.S.'s. However a constitution providing the country with a strong executive elected for a four-year term was possible, and in fact the committee said it would be "the most adaptable to French political habits."[/sub]
[sub]In any discussion of such a President for France, the first name invoked is that of Charles de Gaulle. Not since he turned his back on what he called the "mudhole" of French politics has the name of De Gaulle been on so many lips. Novelist Francois Mauriac, the Roman Catholic man of the left center, wrote in L'Express: "He appears to me the only Frenchman in whom reposes enough pure glory and who is gifted with enough prestige to revive in North Africa around France a federation of free peoples."[/sub]
[sub]De Gaulle, aloof as ever and 65 now, has made no effort to encourage such talk. He is in good health, though he recently underwent an operation for a cataract on an eye. Two weeks ago the remnant of his Gaullist "Rally of the French People" held a congress, and proposed a program: the President of the French Republic would call on De Gaulle as the next Premier. De Gaulle would demand from the Assembly full emergency powers, including full power to deal with Algeria. The Assembly would then send itself on a permanent vacation. De Gaulle would summon a constitutional assembly composed of leaders of political groups, professions, labor unions and jurists to draft a constitution for a new presidential regime. The new constitution would be submitted to the voters of France in a national referendum, and if accepted, a President elected. If the constitution was rejected, De Gaulle would retire and the Fourth Republic would carry on as before.[/sub]
[sub]Political dopesters immediately concluded that these were De Gaulle's minimum conditions for returning to power. De Gaulle did not deny it; he merely declared that the statement was "inopportune." If the Algerian crisis should subside without disaster, so would many of the demands for change. However in the present state of the Fourth Republic, there is no clear-cut political majority prepared to fight in Algeria to the end. Neither does there seem to be one strong enough to conclude a negotiated peace. The Fourth Republic is tired of living and afraid of dying. It might soon have to make a choice. |[/sub]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]VIVE LA RÉPUBLIQUE!
VIVE LA FRANCE!
VIVE LÂ’EMPIRE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐌
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Al-Morocco, Turkiye 1St
[list]June 1956
[sub]Military[/sub][/list]
[list][list] DISPATCH - ARMED FORCES
VERSAND - SCHWEIZER ARMEE
EXPÉDITION - ARMÉE SUISSE
SPEDIZIONE - ESERCITO SVIZZERO
—[/list][/list]
[list]https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1855761 https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1855805[/list]
[list][list]| The Helvetic Republic's armed forces embody the spirit of armed neutrality. Service members honor their proud responsibility of protecting their nation's sovereignty while also upholding the values of the republic. Although small, the Swiss Armed Forces is far from weak. |[/list][/list]
[spoiler=THE WORLD TAKES NOTE
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Adriatican Islands, Van Diemens Landt, Turkiye 1St
| Now comfortably seated in an elegant room of La Spezia's town hall, which had become an annex of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the occasion, Einaudi, Andreotti and Spaak were seated in a circle around a low table where coffee, biscuits and files were laid. Behind them sat their aides and translators. Andreotti would begin as Einaudi reclined in his chair. |
[list][sup]| Minister of the Interior, Giulio Andreotti: |[/sup] "Mr. Spaak, we appreciate your visit here today. You must be well aware of the simmering tensions between Italy and Slovenia [sup][nation=short]Amsterwald[/nation][/sup]...In fact, as of late, it seems those tensions have preoccupied us more than anything with Yugoslavia. Slovenia currently occupies land that was awarded to Italy after its participation in the Great War, and which was still under Fascist control when it was taken in 1945. The Kingdom, which slowly regained lost territory with Allied help, never laid foot on this land again, called Venezia Giulia, and populated, at least in half, by Italians."[/list]
| As he finished, Einaud opined. |
[list][sup]| Prime Minister LUIGI EINAUDI: |[/sup] "We know the conditions are not met today for a peaceful retrocession. The United States [sup][nation=short]Paramountica[/nation][/sup], and the European Community, on which we depend, have all, formally and informally, voiced their disapproval. But internally, it remains a major problem for some of our compatriots."[/list]
Nonador, Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Osivoii, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Turkiye 1St
[list][pre]Seated, Spaak would listen to his counterparts as one of, if not the heaviest topic on the agenda would, ironically, be the subject of choice. Before speaking, he would drink from a small cup of tea, resting comfortably in his seat.[/pre][/list]
PAUL-HENRI SPAAK, Foreign Minister of the Benelux; ”Indeed-.. I was briefed on the bombing of ships along the Adriatic by-… ‘rogue elements’. This is a great tragedy which, I fear, has made the concept of reconciliation between Italy and Slovenia more difficult… is there to be a formal investigation? While the Interim Government remains unmoved in its position that the territory in question.. should remain under the administration of Slovenia… it is the hope of the Benelux that this would not continue to be a point of division between the Western Alliance.”
[list][pre]Pausing briefly, he would add.[/pre][/list]
PAUL-HENRI SPAAK, Foreign Minister of the Benelux; ”I believe that there may be a way for some sort of agreement to be made between Italy and Slovenia, and I am here to help identify and advance it.”
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Kewtpuff, Turkiye 1St
[list]June 1956
[sub]Kim the Snake[/sub][/list]
[list][sub]THE ASSISSINATION OF KIM CHANG-RYONG[/sub][/list]
[sub]SEOUL, Rutannia[/sub]
| If you didnÂ’t loathe and fear Kim Chang-ryong you were considered a braver soldier than most. Born in Kumya, South Hamhung under Japanese occupation in 1920, growing up in relative poverty like many young men he signed up to the Japanese Imperial Army in Manchukuo. At the beginning of his service he served as a member of the military police, quickly becoming a reputed detective assigned to uncovering moles in the Japanese Intelligence Services and hunting down communists agents and adherents. |
| In 1941 Kim managed to earn the trust of an infamous Chinese spymaster while disguised as a street beggar, Kim quickly amassed as much intelligence as possible to pass onto the Japanese. Ultimately this led to the arrest and dismantling of a Soviet spy network of sixty people, furthering his own reputation as a detective, but also bringing him to the attention of Soviet intelligence. Following the end of the war Kim found his hometown under Soviet occupation, twice betrayed by family and former colleagues and handed over to the Soviets he eventually escaped to American occupied Korea on his second attempt in 1946. |
| Once in South Korea he joined the South Korean army moving between different corps before eventually being assigned to intelligence, something he had a proven record in. His years in the Japanese Imperial Army and his year under Soviet occupation had moulded him into an avid anti-Communist, soon he was charged with removing corruption from the South Korean army and later the Korean Army. This quickly put Kim into the hands of President Rhee, who saw him as an ideal candidate to keep the army loyal to him and remove any threats to his own power. KimÂ’s service in the Japanese army removed any threat he possibly posed. |
| The fear of Kim Chang-ryong and his powerful connections were evident within the army, a soldier often feared the wrath of Kim who had grown somewhat reckless removing anyone who slighted him in the past. This recklessness earned some powerful enemies within the Korean army. Kim, now a superior officer, formed the Counter-Intelligence Corp with the support of the US army, the CIC was responsible for arresting and interrogating thousands of suspected North Korean spies. It is said that in reference to his infamous relentlessness, General Douglas MacArthur nicknamed him "Kim the Snake." By the beginning of the 1950s it is estimated that 5,000 soldiers had been arrested and interrogated. |
| By 1953 Kim had been promoted to the rank of Brigadier General, while heading up the CIC, and then in 1955 he was once again promoted to Major General. This quick rise through the ranks only created further dislike towards Kim, several attempts on his life had failed over the years. |
| On the early morning of the 20th June Kim left his house hopping into his Willys MB Jeep to visit the Blue House and meet with President Rhee, as he drove out of his street he found the road blocked by a car. Gesturing to the visitors to move out the way, a man stepped out from around the corner of the building, dressed in a general's formal uniform and he'd fire three shots towards Kim. Screams could be heard as people scrambled away from the scene, allowing the man to slip away quietly. |
| President Rhee was later informed of the incident and KimÂ’s subsequent death from his injuries, enraged Rhee tossed the papers from his desk. Kim had become one of his most loyal right-hand men, and his loss had left a large hole in his network. He ordered an immediate investigation into the assassination to the carried out by the CIC, identifying the mystery general is currently the priority of the CIC investigation. Many in the army feel that crackdowns on the scale that Kim undersaw will now only continue to get worse. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St
| DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF KURDISTAN - KOMARA DEMOKRATA KURDISTANÊ |
Directorate of State Security Liquidates Senior Barzani-Era Political Prisoners
[sub]| Merdine Province, KDK
| August, 1956[/sub]
______________
High in the eastern Zagros Mountains lies a small compound, the infamous Hisar Revolutionary Prison. Inside its walls, 147 prisoners are dragged from their cells out into a dirt courtyard. Soldiers prod a dozen prisoners at a time against one darkly-stained concrete wall with bayonets. Their commander methodically pronounces charges and the prisoners are shot dead. With their last victim's bodies piled limply against the wall, the soldiers send another band of prisoners into the firing line. Their commander methodically pronounces charges and the prisoners are shot dead.
Within the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Directorate of State Security (MED), otherwise known as Asayish, serves as the secret and political police. Asayish operates essentially independently of the Internal Ministry and traditionally reports directly to the EKNS Politburo. Since the Newroz Revolution in 1952, it has killed thousands and arrested tens of thousands more on charges of counterrevolutionary or anti-state activity. Its latest liquidations at secretive state prisons like Hisar are signs of an increasingly bold politicalized force with few legal or physical limitations. Among those killed are Surreya Bedirxan, Zoran Musaresan, and even Ahmed Barzani, the former President's brother and chief lieutenant. Also executed were Celadet Ali Bedirxan, the former Prime Minister and creator of the currently state-sponsored Bedirxan alphabet. Though a prominent and famed Kurdish statesman, his ties to the Barzani tribe and Ottoman-aligned Kurdish nobility afforded him no place in the radical new Kurdistan. Using the revolutionary policies of President Remman as their guide, the Directorate has come to exercise considerable legal will to prosecute and punish whomever they please.
Still drawing breath, however, is the tribal President Mustafa Barzani himself. He was shifted to house arrest in 1952 along with other members of his family and inner circle. Though never officially personally denounced, many around him were charged with treason or other serious crimes and sentenced either to death or life in prison. Barzani on the other hand, seemingly dropped off the face of the earth after resigning as Chairman of the National Revolutionary Council. He was never charged but in the eyes of state media and the party, Mustafa Barzani was persona non grata. The Army held him at a family compound in his hereditary town of Barzan. There Barzani is permitted to live out a quiet life, his dignity only stained by the omnipresence of Asayish troops. Papers told the public that he had resigned from public life because of health concerns and fully supported the EKNS government in its revolutionary efforts. The admittedly few gains of his administration were either left out of history books or eschewed to credit the left-wing members of his regime. His son, Masoud, is now a boy of ten and has strong feelings about the immense betrayal he feels his family has been the victim of. Though they have not deigned to end Mustafa's life, Remman's government has chosen to spare the Barzani dynasty for now.
______________
[spoiler=[sub]Glory to the New Day, Glory to Kurdistan![/sub]
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF KURDISTAN
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok
[list][list][list][pre]RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
FRENCH BUREAUCRACY
L’ASSEMBLÉE NATIONALE FRANÇAISE[/pre][/list]
______
PALAIS DE BOURBON: PARLIAMENT GIVES PREMIER MOLLET A VOTE OF TOLERANCE PROMPTING MINISTER MENDÈS-FRANCE TO RESIGN IN DISAGREEMENT
[sub]IVTH REPUBLIC | PARIS, JUNE 1956[/sub][/list]
[sub]| HELM OF BUREAUCRATIE, ASSEMBLÉE NATIONALE FRANÇAISE - | For weeks France's Communists have been under orders to agitate against the war in Algeria, demonstrating against troop train departures, plastering up posters, organizing protest meetings and all with a fine disregard of the fact that only three months ago the party's Deputies voted solidly to give the government a free hand in Algeria. Now Premier Guy Mollet had confronted them, and all French parties with a demand for a "package" vote of confidence on his whole policy, including both Algeria and his domestic program.[/sub]
[sub]In a heated caucus of the Communist Party councils, rank-and-file militants said they had been having a hard time explaining how the Communists could oppose the war in Algeria and still support the Socialist government. They demanded a show of hands, even though such a demand is hard to square with the theory of Communist discipline. The party elders, however, felt bound to hew to the Kremlin's new doctrine of fraternizing with the Socialists, whether or not the comradeship is reciprocated. After 53 speeches by assorted comrades, ailing Party Chief Maurice Thorez rasped his decision: the party would abstain in the Chamber of Deputies. Thorez said: "It is absolutely imperative today that we do not detach ourselves from the Socialists. We must therefore avoid raising the barrier of a hostile vote." Thanks to the Communists' embarrassment, Mollet eked out a vote of confidence of 271 to 59, with all 144 Communists and most conservatives abstaining. Less than half the Assembly's 593 Deputies had voted for him. "Technically a vote of confidence," said L'Express, "but in reality only one of tolerance."[/sub]
[sub]The time had come for a parting of the ways for esteemed cabinet minister, Mendès-France, whom was now in total disagreement regarding Premier Guy Mollet's policy changes. Pierre Mendès-France wrote to his friend, the Socialist Premier of France: "Any policy that ignores the feelings and the misery of the native population leads, step-by-step, to loss of the Algerian people, to loss of Algeria itself, and finally, inevitably, to loss of all our possessions in Africa." Mendès-France was leaving the government, after four months as a frustrated junior partner. He added: "I should like at least that my resignation should have the effect of a new anguished appeal for the government to take the necessary decisions, however difficult they may be." Mendes, who was himself brought down as Premier last year over North Africa, was convinced that Mollet has never been the same since his trip to Algiers last February. There Mollet had been pelted by irate French colonials, and in Mendès' view he had since given too much weight to their demands for repression arid too little to matching this suppression with a dramatic-enough program of political and economic reforms for the Muslims.[/sub]
[sub]In France's time of crisis, Mendès' going was sad, full of mutual regret and surrounded with an uneasy sense of foreboding. Mendès made it clear that he was acting only for himself, as he insisted that the other 13 Ministers from his Radical Socialist Party remain in the government. "I think that the government that is now in power represents the best possible political formation," he said. "With all my heart, I wish Mollet success." One angry Socialist accused Mendes of "a low blow." Emotionally, the usually icy-calm Mollet defended him: "No! You don't have the right to say that," he cried. "He's sincere. He's a tortured man. His sentiments are worthy of respect." Mendès seemed ready to return to the political isolation in which he had wandered for so many years. He has made no secret of his belief that the Fourth Republic will collapse within months, and his intent to stump the country in favor of a recast constitution. After Mendès' resignation, Mollet countered by scheduling a debate and vote of confidence on his government's policies. He is given a good chance of surviving, largely because no one else is eager to inherit a so unpromising situation. |[/sub]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]VIVE LA RÉPUBLIQUE!
VIVE LA FRANCE!
VIVE LÂ’EMPIRE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐌
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Cascadla, Vancouver Straits, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Al-Morocco, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok
Post self-deleted by Kotakuan Ii.
[list][sup]| Minister of the Interior, Giulio Andreotti: |[/sup] "There will be no official investigation, sir. I...We are afraid that any such large-scale inquiry would, in fact, do more harm than good. The elements in question have been more or less identified. Those who were on the ground, in the military depots, and who authorized the theft of various munitions and marine craft shall be tried separately by a military jurisdiction."[/list]
| The elderly Einaudi would chide in. |
[list][sup]| Prime Minister LUIGI EINAUDI: |[/sup] "And let us be absolutely clear on this matter, we are determined to be a faithful, reliable member of the Alliance. Italy will uphold its role with dignity. The current state of affairs, if I may be blunt, is the result of a very unfair land attribution at the end of the war. Our countrymen are understandably rattled, and this has given rise to potent political resentment. In time, this will die down. But in the meantime, certain populist elements will exploit it. Such are the doings of democracy. We have our hands tied when it comes to normalizing relations at the moment, and unless a significant move is made by Slovenia, which is less than certain at the moment, I find that this matter will be difficult to solve. We are, of course, open to any agreement you may propose. There is a large Italian community still residing in those lands after all, and their living conditions are deteriorating under the current anti-Italian Slovene policies."[/list]
| There had always been, inside the Democrazia Cristiana, two broad factions when it came to Slovenia — The irredentists, or "optimists", still believing in some sort of reintegration for Venezia Giulia, and the "pessimists" or moderates, a faction currently led by the two men sitting before Spaak today. |
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Cascadla, Vancouver Straits, Osivoiii, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok
22 JUNE - 18,JULY,1956
The July Coup
______________________________________________
18th of July,1956,3:20 AM.Manuel A. OdrÃa,stayed up all night preparing his new bill to legalise opposition parties and to prepare for a emergency election to be held however for weeks on end,to reach the capital city of La Plaz and Palacio Quemado,the office of the Supreme Protector.Thirty tanks from the Andes army were traveling by the time Manuel finished his new bill the tanks had arrived and one tank had it's barrel armed and pointed at the building with Nicolás Lindsey López,Ricardo Pérez Gody and a few other soldiers barged into the building,into Manuel office and detained him.
[U]Aftermath
With the coup attempt being considered a success,Nicolás Lindsey López and Ricardo Pérez Gody agreed that Nicolás would be put into the position of Supreme Protector,with Ricardo being put into the Vice-Protector position.
In the afternoon,Nicolás,Ricardo and Manuel took to the public to announce the new position of power.That the Confederation was now under the control of the military rather then the hands of the politicians.The people who were there,being Bolivians had a mixed response while a few were neutral about the change and even fewer were happy about the change.Majority were unhappy as they felt that they just changed from one dictator to another dictator.When this information was revealed to the masses,the Peruvians were happy that OdrÃa was gone, especially the upper class while the middle and lower class had more mixed opinions.
[U]Prelude To The Coup:Nicolás and Ricardo
Nicolás Lindsey López,was a military commander who originated from the Peruvian side of the Confederation.He was well respected by a majority of the army and was friends with a fellow military commander,named Ricardo Pérez Gody.These two commander who were well respected in their own ways,were growing dissatisfied by the OdrÃa administration.Even though OdrÃa himself,was a fellow military man,the respect and admiration that both Nicolás and Ricardo had for Manuel A. OdrÃa started to dwindle as the OdrÃa administration continue,with the perception that OdrÃa was going to cement himself as a dictator with poor policy's leading towards the destruction of the nation.Nicolás and Ricardo hatched a plan to coup OdrÃa and cement a new administration to strengthen the nation by any means necessary,even if it means falling down to the same lows as what OdrÃa is doing by leaning more towards authoritarianism.As long as it benefits the nation.To both men who would lead the coup it didn't matter.
[U]Prelude To The Coup:Secret Meeting
Nicolás and Ricardo,as they plotted to coup OdrÃa landed on the prospect that perhaps they need to find a ally.A nation who would be willing to aid,in their attempt to remove OdrÃa from office.With there not being much time they thought,Nicolás would write a letter to be sent over to La Plata requesting a secret meeting with a La Platan official.
A week later,Nicolá,Ricardo and a few other fellow coup plotters went to Casa Rosada,Buenos Aires secretly to meet with a La Platan official to confirm if La Plata would in fact assist them in a way.However to their suprise,president Juan Peron and a few members of the Secreteria De Inteligencia appeared to the meeting.After a few respectful greetings,they began conversation on how La Plata would assist and it was decidingly,that they would pressure for the OdrÃa administration to be removed,with a bit of bribery in the inside of the OdrÃa administration to convince those there to stand idly by as the coup happens.
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Paseo, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Vancouver Straits, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Commonwealth Services Cricket
[list][list]JULY 1956
[sub]U.S. Financial Aid?[/sub][/list]
[pre] D E B T S , D E B T S , D E B T S [/pre]
[list][sub][pre]Hail, precious banner of hope!
Hail, august symbol of peace!
Thy noble presence to our minds
The greatness of our motherland does bring.[/pre][/sub][/list]
CATETE PALACE, Brazil Toucan — AFTERNOON
[sub]RIO DE JANEIRO, Brazil Toucan[/sub]
| A few days ago, the smiling, blue-eyed JUSCELINO KUBITSCHEK met with his economic team, made up of people with experience in economics, highlighting that the country urgently needs American dollars, this task fell to LUCAS LOPES, who is the main economic-development braintruster. He traveled to Washington to ask for massive loans from the Export-Import Bank. For the President, resolving BrazilÂ’s financial situation will not be an easy task, it will take a lot of work to clean up the mess. KUBITSCHEK proves to be a more capable leader than his predecessors. Brazil hopes to get from Ex-Im: |
[list][list][pre]
1) aid in refunding part of BrazilÂ’s $1.2 billion foreign debt;
2) long-term loans, actual or promised, covering a large part of KubitschekÂ’s five-year development program.[/pre][/list][/list]
| KUBITSCHEK plans to make an appeal to U.S. President EISENHOWER at the Western Hemisphere Presidents’ meeting in Panama. Another Brazilian who will work for the Ex-Im loan is the new Brazil’s ambassador to the U.S., ERNANI DO AMARAL PEIXOTO, who arrived in New York with his wife ALZIRA, daughter of ex-President GETÚLIO VARGAS. Amaral Peixoto resigned as leader of Brazil’s main political party, the Social Democrats, to accept the post. With KUBITSCHEK, AMARAL PEIXOTO and LOPES all working on an already well-disposed Eisenhower Administration, Brazilians are likely to get much of what they ask for — something like half a billion. Right after the successful trip to La Plata, President KUBITSCHEK also has plans to visit two other South American countries to talk with local authorities, in order to attract investment to Brazil. During the visit to Buenos Aires, KUBITSCHEK proposed the construction of railroads for freight trains connecting Porto Alegre to Buenos Aires, in addition to the investments that Brazil seeks, the government will also seek to work together on projects with neighboring nations. |
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Vancouver Straits, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria
[list][pre]T H E S L O V E N E R E P U B L I C • S L O V E N S K A R E P U B L I K A[/pre][/list]
KRAIGHER PUSHES STIMULATION OF THE FORESTRY INDUSTRY—PAPER AND PULP PRODUCTION SOUGHT
[list][sup]UNSAWN POTENTIAL
JUNE 1956[/sup][/list]
Slovenia, Sweden and Finland were the three most forested nations in Europe as a percentage of territory; well over half of both nations were covered in sprawling woodlands. However, while northern Europe—Finland in particular—robustly utilized these resources, Slovenia had never truly developed them. This was in part due to its role in the frenzied industrialization of postwar Europe that largely prioritized metallurgy and manufacturing. However, it was also that the long public tradition of woodland stewardship had never been reconciled with the idea of cutting trees for profit. A sustainable middle ground was needed to both leverage this untapped resource and satisfy the public—thus, seeking to compete for public favor against the all-too-popular President Nikola Koprivnikar, Prime Minister Sergej Kraigher drafted a comprehensive plan for a low-cost stimulation of Slovenia’s forestry industry in the summer of 1956.
The plan, out of line with the orthodox thrust of industrial development, proposed to make large tracts of forests accessible to small businesses and individuals of the emerging paper and pulp industry. It sought to attract the rising numbers of entrepreneurs and landowners, who would make up their costs by shipping and selling pulpwood, sawn wood, and byproducts of the timber industry abroad. Kraigher argued that the plan would attract capital from wider geographies, providing a pool of investment that could be funneled into forest growing, industry diversification, and forest nurseries. Hoping to also win over the small but vocal rural and conservative constituency, the plan was framed to benefit the small-time rural logging workers by introducing them to the new sawn wood industry and providing better access to forests for those with limited funds. Kraigher postulated that if more secondary industries of the forests were supported, many of the smaller markets could survive without putting too much pressure on the resources.
However, the plan was not to pass without dilutions—the environmental lobby, a product of Slovenia’s long-lasting tradition of forestry, argued that more needed to be done to balance the benefit to one industry with overall preservation of the woodland. The plan’s opponents sought to give municipalities power over deciding the nature and extent of the clear-cutting—a piece of the plan that they saw as a fundamental component of preservation. Moreover, the opponents argued that much of Slovenia’s forests should remain the public’s property—an argument that the government acknowledged. Thus, final restrictions limited what forests could be used by companies and mandated the regrowth of felled trees, stipulating higher-density standards and reducing clear-cutting. Altogether, the first stages of Kragher’s plan commenced in the summer of 1956, though it was much weaker than originally intended and with fewer financial benefits, mostly favoring small-time loggers with some corporate ventures in southern Slovenia. Nevertheless, the emergence of the sawn wood and paper industries in the following decade would optimistically create a much-needed economic stream and provide long-term employment in some of the country’s poorer regions, especially the forested but underdeveloped Brkini Hills. And despite the fact there may have been more done to balance preservation with development, the plan largely benefited both the ecology of Slovenia’s forests and its employment—a successful case of untapped potential.
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Arcanda, Paseo, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Vancouver Straits, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Greater Kurdistane, Van Diemens Landt, Hatzburg, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria
Field Marshal Mazzar Remman strengthens socialist partnership with Romania through visit to Bucharest
July 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
| Field Marshal Mazzar Remman, the President of the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan, visited Bucharest to meet with Comrade Constantin Rotaru, the General Secretary of The Communist Party of Romania, President of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly, President of the Socialist Republic of Romania, Supreme Commander of the People's Army, beloved and esteemed son of the Romanian people
| The meeting between the two leaders focused on the Hashemite threat to the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan, with Comrade Constantin Rotaru encouraging Field Marshal Mazzar Remman to stand firmly against any aggression towards a socialist state. They also discussed the Kurdish acquisition of 1000x IAR-22 Tractors, 1000x Universal U-45 Tractors, and 3000x SR-101 Trucks from the Socialist Republic of Romania, which will be delivered between 1957 and 1962.
| After the meeting, the two leaders embarked on a tour of Bucharest, with crowds of people taking to the streets in great enthusiasm to greet them. The people of Bucharest welcomed Field Marshal Mazzar Remman with open arms, as they saw him as a brave leader who fought for the rights and independence of the Kurdish people.
During their tour, the two leaders visited various historical sites in Bucharest, including the Romanian Athenaeum , the Arch of Triumph, and the CEC Palace. The people of Bucharest cheered and waved Kurdish and Romanian flags, expressing their solidarity with the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan.
The people of Bucharest showed their support for the Kurdish cause, and their enthusiasm and hospitality left a lasting impression on Field Marshal Mazzar Remman. The visit was a testament to the strong bonds of friendship between The Democratic Republic of Kurdistan and The Socialist Republic of Romania, and their commitment to stand together against any threat to their independence and sovereignty.
| Field Marshal Mazzar Remman:
"My dear comrades in Bucharest, I cannot express enough gratitude for the warm welcome and hospitality extended to me and my delegation during our visit. The strong bonds of solidarity and friendship between The Democratic Republic of Kurdistan and The Socialist Republic of Romania have been further strengthened by this visit. I am deeply impressed by your unwavering commitment to the Socialist cause and your generous assistance in providing the necessary equipment to our nation. We shall forever cherish this fruitful cooperation and look forward to more prosperous years ahead. Long live the solidarity of socialist nations!"
| Comrade Constantin Rotaru, beloved and esteemed leader of all Romanian people:
"I would like to extend my warmest wishes to Field Marshal Mazzar Remman and the people of the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan. May our friendship and cooperation continue to grow and prosper."
"Traiasca Partidul Comunist Roman in frunte cu al sau General Secretar, Tovarasul Constantin Rotaru, iubit si stimat conducator al Republicii Socialiste Romania! "
July 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria
“Suffering in Silence”
July 1956
[Sofia, Bulgaria]
In the months since any news came out of Bulgaria, much had changed internally.
Chervenkov had stormed the General SecretaryÂ’s election and was now in full control of The PeopleÂ’s Republic of Bulgaria. There was never even a mention of the political disturbances that had come before and there was never a word said against Chervenkov. Soviet flags had been draped over every possible political institution and Bulgaria felt more like a USSR puppet than ever before. All Politburo members were pro-Soviet authoritarian hardliners that had pledged loyalty to Chervenkov over previous months and it felt as if things in the PRB were more set in stone than ever before.
Beyond the political gates, it was anticipated that economic moves would be made. Chervenkov was set to go on a tour of the country’s industrial complexes later next year to try and boost morale. The Bulgarian people had become known for their indifferent reactions to political tension, the last few months had been the same. The people had not submitted to Chervenkov’s “iron will” but barely an individual had acted in resistance. At most, the people were getting on with business as usual. At the least, they were suffering in silence. But, in Bulgaria suffering in silence with a stiff upper lip was a part of life.
Chervenkov has called his first annual meeting since taking absolute power, but the agenda remains a closely guarded secret. The usual topics of economics, security and international relations are likely to be on the agenda, but the direction that the new PRB will take remains to be seen.
For the first time in years, all eyes are on one man and one man with guaranteed power.
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Paseo, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria
[list][PRE]July 1956[/pre][/list]
[list][list][list][list][pre]The Nationalistic Concern[/pre][/list][/list][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre] P L U S - U L T R A[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][I]Bilbao[/I], Spainard
[sub][I]THE SPANISH KINGDOM OF SPAIN[/I][/sub][/list]
[list]| [sub]Since its recent establishment, the monarchy has remained estranged from the international community; the recent tour aimed to change that. His Majesty Juan Carlos and Queen Consort MarÃa conducted a 4-month international tour in a vast show of unity between matters of state and international relations. Starting in the United States, the royal couple visited Mexico and other Latin American countries. Returning to Europe, the royal couple saw Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain and the other European monarchs before returning to Madrid. At home, many received the approach of the monarchy as a positive step toward normalizing SpainÂ’s relations outside of the European Economic Community. Still, others, especially in notable groups of Catalonia and Basque, sought some resentment. [/list][/sub]
[list]| [sub]Although new, the monarch’s profound historical impact and influence on the country is still a sensitive issue to many Spaniards. Continuity is not shared in Basque and Catalonia as in the rest of the country; thus, nationalistic pride and anti-monarchist sentiment remain significant in these autonomous regions. Leonardo Baudelaire, President of the Autonomous Region of Basque and a member of the PSOE, remains a strong critique of the monarchy, calling them “regressive”. However, his concerns have been snubbed out by more positive feedback on the monarch, mainly citing the Letter proposed by the King before becoming sovereign to hold the government responsible to the bounds of the constitution. Prime Minister Alvarez has warned against this rhetoric, saying it could cause outcry for nationalists and secessionists alike, which point to recent rumors that the nationalist movement in the Basque is “concerning” within the intelligence community.[/list][/sub]
[list]| [sub]Dating back to the Spanish Republic, self-determination remains an underlying focal point for many nationalists in the Basque Region. The situation has instead been on the back burner for years; however, with increased living standards rising due to economic prosperity, we can speculate that capitalist practices can clash with socialist idealism due to disparity among the socio-economic classes. Francis Alvarez and his conservative colleagues continue to run on a platform that models American idealism of capitalist politics and less regulation of big business for steadfast economic growth. This idealism is being met with growing concern about unfair labor practices and safeguards for the average blue-collar worker, which the PSOE continues to platform on in municipal and local elections in the Basque and Catalonia, respectively.[/list][/sub]
[list]| [sub]This shift in the political climate is ominous for the conservative party, which holds a majority in the Asamblea Nacional until the next election in 58. However, the governmentÂ’s silence to the rising concern may cost them the premiership unless they can reassure the public of equal prosperity under the law and safeguard against extensive business exploitation.[/list][/sub]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Por siempre España; Siempre libre; Siempre Iguales[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Vancouver Straits, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Allbania, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria
[spoiler=PLAY ME FOR AMBIENCE]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vXPxtfX-zU&list=TLPQMjcwMzIwMjOOo7PPAeZCJg&index=1[/spoiler]
[list][sup]July 1st, 1956[/list][/sup]
[pre]𝐄𝐧𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐬 𝐝𝐞 𝐀𝐧𝐠𝐨𝐥𝐚[/pre][sup][pre] | OVERSEAS PROVINCE OF ANGOLA[/pre][/sup]
[I][sup]When the Portuguese arrived off the coast of Kongo in the 15th century, Angola did not exist. Instead, the land was a collection of separate peoples, some organized as kingdoms or tribal federations of varying sizes. Under the direction of Paulo Dias de Novais, the Portuguese set up shop in the area as they saw the territory as having unlimited potential for wealth and the slave trade. In 1575, Luanda was established on the southern coast of the Kingdom of Kongo. From there, the Portuguese spent their efforts consolidating the area, engaging in diplomacy and trade with the various African kingdoms, even going as far as to Christianize them and teach some Portuguese, allowing them a share of the benefits of the slave trade.[/sup]
[sup]Portugal would contribute over a million to the Atlantic slave trade from the 14th to 17th century. The slave trade would remain the status quo of the territory until the 17th century when the slave trade was no longer viable. Portugal would go to war with the Kongo Kingdom due to building tensions and conflicting economic interests. In time, Portugal would come to control most of the central highlands in the 18th century. The complete conquest of Angola would occur at the start of the 19th century as Portugal hastened to secure its piece of the pie, as other European powers were rapidly conquering Africa. By 1926, Angola was constituted as an official "colony of Portugal." Or by its official name, the West African State of Angola. During this time, the Portuguese State began investing more in the colony's development. Gradually, new cities, towns, trading posts, railways, and ports were built. The colonial administration also began a policy of 'limited' native education, attempting to increase the pool of skilled African labor. However, most Angolans are classified as unskilled or largely illiterate. As more Portuguese moved into Angola, a new westernized culture began booming, mainly concentrated along the coastline as the interior of Angola remained more "native." Portuguese men began taking in native mistresses, resulting in the explosion of the Mestiço population, currently making up 3 to possibly 4% of the population. They are the socially elite and racially privileged group in the country, subsequently identifying with the Portuguese over and above their indigenous identities. Despite this, the Mestiços, like the native population, do not have Portuguese citizenship.[/sup]
[list][spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler][/list]
Paramountica, Spainard, Arcanda, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Vancouver Straits, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Van Diemens Landt, Al-Morocco, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria
https://www.nationstates.net/nation=tallahan/detail=factbook/id=1857206
Paramountica, Arcanda, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Jasumaa, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria
[list]July 1956
[sub]Presidential Reforms II[/sub][/list]
[pre]A N E L E C T E D P R E S I D E N C Y[/pre]
| The German Basic Law ("Grundgesetz" in German) was the supreme law of the Federal Republic. While not officially a constitution, it served the same purposes as it outlined the basis for the Bundesrepublik and its various institutions, compositions and laws. It was promulgated in 1949. For the office of the BUNDESPRASIDENT (Federal President), it stated that the President was to be elected every five (5) years by a specially convened Federal Convention (Bundeskonvention), which was formed by delegations from every major party represented in the Landtag and in the German Bundestag, aggregated based on the existing delegations. THEODOR HEUSS of the liberal FDP had been elected into the presidency in 1949 and re-elected in 1953 to allow for a coinciding presidential election with the federal elections that same year. Now, Heuss is term-limited and has already confirmed his intention to step down in the 1958 presidential elections. An open presidential seat has naturally brought public attention to the largely ceremonial position, which only serves to officiate the appointment of officials including the Federal Chancellor and his Cabinet, and to represent the Federal Republic abroad. |
| Over the past few years, calls for pro-democracy reforms to how the president is selected have been made. Progressive groups who nominally backed the SPD and the FDP stated that there was no longer any need for an indirectly-elected president - the establishment of Germany's election protocols meant that popular-vote presidential elections could now be held. They, thus, were calling on the Federal Convention to reconvene itself and amend the Basic Law to allow for the position of president to be elected by popular vote. Two years ago, in 1954, the proposal had been killed by a series of political crises that broke the loose liberal progressive coalition that was molding itself in order to bring about the reforms they intended to push. Now, with a presidential election in bound for 1958, these advocates - from wealthy donors to pro-democracy groups - re-launched their public awareness campaign. A nationwide petition program to see the Bundesprasident elected by the popular vote was initiated; to the surprise of many, 40,000 signatures were collected in the course of a month from May to June. |
| The establishment strongly OPPOSED the reforming of the presidency - those opposed raised concerns that a popularly-elected presidency had allowed Adolph Heidler to rise to power in the 1930s, triggering an unstoppable chain of events. However, proponents fired back, the Federal Presidency was now a largely symbolic position - the Bundeskanzler held significantly more power and was essentially elected by popular vote anyway (there has yet to be an election where the Chancellor did not come from a party or coalition that won a plurality or majority of the popular vote). However, sentiments were already shifting. The argument against the reforms was weak and flimsy, at best. A democratically-elected Federal President rather than an indirectly-elected one posed no real political threats to the CDU - they were polling strong ahead of the 1957 federal elections and thus would be theorized to be ready to win the 1958 presidential race if it were to be held by the widely-supported two-round runoff system. Then, there was the question of Adenauer. |
| KONRAD ADENAUER was the Christian Democratic chancellor of Germany. He had been elected in 1949 and re-elected in 1953, and was currently presiding over his second term. He monitored and celebrated booming economic and industrial growth and the rise of the Federal Republic as a potential economic powerhouse. As foreign minister (a portfolio he held whilst serving as chancellor since '49), he strengthened Bonn's partnerships with Western powers and led the effort to establish the EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY. The chancellorship did not have its own term limits, but many considered Adenauer as growing increasingly old for the chancellorship - but too influential to retire. Thus, since around 1954, rumors that Adenauer was going to step down as party leader - presumably to Ludwig Erhard, his famed Economy Minister - and run for the presidency. Whether or not it was by indirect convention secret ballot or by popular vote, Adenauer was likely to win. There was no confirmation of this from his camp - the closest statements were that he was 'considering a plurality of options' - and Adenauer was going hard and strong at his agenda, in what many say is an indication of his intention to stay as chancellor and serve out an inevitable third term. |
| Adenauer himself had not ruled out the possibility of reforms to the Basic Law. He believed in Germany's democracy, and was a frequent citer of defenders of its democracy and of its resistance leaders during the war. In an interview with DIE ZEIT, the most-circulated German newspaper, he stated that; |
[list][pre]"Without the right to democratically elect her leaders without foreign influence or intervention, Germany is but a put-out spark."[/pre][/list]
|Momentum for presidential reform was already rising. Adenauer was refusing to rule it out, and there were explicit supporters of the movement in the Bundestag. Two FDP deputies and two SPD deputies, alongside one lone Christian Democrat deputy, united to announce their support for a 'nationally-supported referendum to turn the position of Bundesprasident into a democratically elected position selected by a majority of the German electorate'. Polling by various institutions and groups showed that roughly 55% of Germans were 'not opposed' and/or 'intrigued' by the idea of presidential reform, while around 41% of all voters (more or less) said they were supportive of electing the Bundesprasident by popular vote. The largest opponents to the idea was the establishment conservatives, who did not wish to 'overhaul' the status quo. On the contrary, its largest supporters and proponents were progressives, socialists and liberals who were pushing for a chance to put one of their own into office. Of course, there remained the question of President Heuss himself, who had previously indicated his skepticism over any reforms. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria, Commonwealth Services Cricket
[pre]| JULY JULAY 1956 |[/pre]
[list][list][list][pre]RSS ★ REVOLUTIONARY STATE OF SOMALIA
KACAANKA DAWLADDA SOOMAALIYA KDS |[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
REVOLUTION IN SOMALIA:
NATIONALISTS SEIZE A VITAL MOMENT TO CEMENT THE FUTURE OF GREATER SOMALIA!
KACDOONKA SOOMAALIYA:
WADANI AYAA LA QABTAY XAFLAD MUHIIM AH SI AY U SHAQEEYAAN MUSTAQBALKA SOOMAALIYA WEYN!
[pre]|The coastline of the Somali people kept these nomadic and mercantile people afloat for centuries. Surrounded by Warring states the Clans of Somalia also acted as independent chiefdoms each looking out for their flock, whether their people or livestock the clan looked out for! Family above all was in the mindset of every Somali. From Saylac to Kambooni all Somalis could agree that their family mattered more than anything. This was a great advantage to building up fervent anger in a clan to protect each other by any means, but severely hampered the goal of a greater sense of Nationalism between all Somali people. Luckily in a twisted sense occupation had provided just that to the Somali ethnic people. The Ethiopian Occupation of Somalia has been one of silent suffering to the People, used by their overlords as canon fodder in the recent war to regain Eritrean had left a seed of anger in the hearts of every Somali that has only been given time to grow. The Major Clans of Somalia have begun to organize, they mustnÂ’t be divided in such a pivotal moment. As Somalis return home from their forced tours of combat in Eritrea the want for freedom grew. Veterans began to speak to Clan officials and organize small Nationalist Cadres as the Clan leaders organized a Nationalist Leadership separate from the idea of Clan loyalty but also allowed for representatives of the five Noble Clans equal representation in the revolution. A hard process itself to dissuade clans from acting in only their favor. The Supreme Revolutionary Council of Somalia established itself this month and was given authority to command the Nationalist Militias and form a constitution for the new state! |[/pre]
-Supreme Revolutionary Council of Somalia-
[pre]| The SRC would be made up of two bodies. The All-Somali Congress is a body of twenty nine members from each region of the claimed Greater Somalia who act in regard to all Somalis without regard to Clan Affiliation who themselves elect the President of the Supreme Revolutionary Council of Somalia. The ASC will be voted on in popular elections once independence is achieved, for now the temporary council will control the functions of the ASC. The second body will be made up of five representatives from each of the five main clans: Hawiye, Dir, Darod, Rahanweyn and Isaaq. This body will be called the National Assembly of the Qabiilada. The NAQ will be voted on by members of their respective clans. Members of the NAQ will be appointed by the Clans, many of these representatives being culturally significant people of the clan. |[/pre]
-Members of the All-Somali Congress-
[sub]- Ahmad Sulaymaan Abdullah, Lower Juba Province[/sub]
[sub]- Ismail Ali Abukor, Middle Juba Province[/sub]
[sub]- Ahmad Mahamuud Faarah, Gedo Province[/sub]
[sub]- Sheikh Mukhtar Mohamed Hussein, Bay Province[/sub]
[sub]- Abdullahi Issa Mohamud, Lower Shebelle Province[/sub]
[sub]- Hussein Kulmiye Afrah, Banaadir Province[/sub]
[sub]- Ali Matan Hashi, Middle Shebelle Province[/sub]
[sub]- Mohamed Farah Salad, Bakool Province[/sub]
[sub]- Aden Abdulle Osman Daar, Hiran Province[/sub]
[sub]- Daud Abdulle Hirsi, Galguduud Province[/sub]
[sub]- Hussein Ali Shido, Mudug Province[/sub]
[sub]- Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke, Nugal Province[/sub]
[sub]- Abdirizak Haji Hussein, Bari Province[/sub]
[sub]- Ali Ismail Yacqub, Sool Province[/sub]
[sub]- Abukar Sh. M Hussie, Sanaag Province[/sub]
[sub]- Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur, Togdheer Province[/sub]
[sub]- Sheikh Ibrahim Sheikh Yusuf Sheikh Madar, Woqooyi Galbeed Province[/sub]
[sub]- Mohamed Haji Ibrahim Egal, Awdal Province[/sub]
[sub]- Mohamed F. Weyrah, Shinile Province[/sub]
[sub]- Haji Bashir Ismail Yusuf, Jijiga Province[/sub]
[sub]- Jama Ali Korshel, Degehabur Province[/sub]
[sub]- Mohamed Abshir Muse, Warder Province[/sub]
[sub]- Jama Mohamed Ghalib, Korahe Province[/sub]
[sub]- Mohamed Ainanshe Guled, Fik Province[/sub]
[sub]- Haji Farah Ali Omar, Liben Province[/sub]
[sub]- Mohamed Ibrahim Liqliqato, Afder Province[/sub]
[sub]- Maalim Mohammed Stamboul, Gode Province[/sub]
-Members of the National Assembly of the Qabiilada-
[sub]- Osman Yusuf Kenadid, Darood[/sub]
[sub]- Salaan Mahamud Hirsi, Isaaq[/sub]
[sub]- Sheekh Ahmed Gabyow, Hawiye[/sub]
[sub]- Abdi Sinimo, Dir[/sub]
[sub]- Mohammed Qaasin Al-Barawi, Rahanweyn[/sub]
[pre]| The President of the Supreme Revolutionary Council of Somalia was chosen in the halls of Mogadishu after Nationalist Militias successfully routed out the Ethiopia garrison in the Dadka Offensive! Mohamed Siad Barre, a military man who has served in the Ethiopian Armed forces, now swayed his loyalty to the numerous Nationalist Militias in Ogaden, his birth place. Of the Darood Clan, Barre was seen by the Council and NAQ as someone who could rise above the tribal politics and form a True Somali identity to prevent any future occupation of a foreign force. His socialist leaning put him in very good standing with the majority of Somali Nationalists who saw Socialism and Communism as the only alternative to the Monarchy of Ethiopia and capitalist exploitation of the colonials. As the Militias fight in the street with nearly every Ethiopian Garrison under attack in Greater Somalia, The SRC discussed the creation of a political party thatÂ’ll lead Somalia to independence. |[/pre]
[pre]| The Political Ranks of Somalia were a mess of Ideologies only United under the facts that Somalia needed to be independent and that all Somalis must be given this independence. Pan-Somalism and Somali Nationalism United these factions together and this was to be the most prioritized matter. In this intense debate of Ideology Said Barre the unifying force in Somali Politics established the three Somalis policy. This policy enshrined the beliefs of the soon to be Vanguard Party of Somali Independence. The All-Somali Revolutionary Party would be the official party of the Somali Revolution. The three Somalis: Somali Socialism, Somali Nationalism, and Pan-Somalism stood as the main tenets of the ASRP. Somali Socialism being the most controversial of these aspects, Barre called for a unique form of Socialism to fit in Somali Society and its geopolitical situation. |[/pre]
[pre]| The institutions of Somali nationhood had been born in the debris of the Revolution in Mogadishu. The guerrilla battle left the city bare of Ethiopian occupation, propaganda torn and burned across the city. The people have spoken in Mogadishu! The movement shall expand and encompass all life in Somalia, the All-Somali Revolutionary Party has called for an official referendum and for peace talks with Ethiopia to enshrine SomaliaÂ’s borders in law! |[/pre]
[list][list][pre]I DID NOT COME TO POWER TO DIVIDE SOMALI BUT TO UNITE THEM, AND I WILL NEVER DEVIATE FROM THIS PASS![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]UMA IMAN AWOOD INAAN SOOMAALI KALA QAYBIYO EE WAA INAAN MIDEEYO, KAMANA LEEXAN DOONO MARINKAN![/pre][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Kotakuan Ii, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria, Commonwealth Services Cricket
French West Africa: Ambitions Stunted
July 1956
| High Commissioner Messmer sat at his desk in his office overlooking the city of Dakar. For the past 10 months he had returned to Dakar feeling very content with his actions to save the empire. Now over half a year later Messmer was watching his work falling apart before his eyes.
First his aides had brought him reports on Togoland and Benin, in Togoland the African Nationalist Gnassingbé Eyadéma, a former army officer turned politician had risen. He espoused extreme anti-communism, in which he adopted many of Messmer’s tactics deploying paramilitary forces to assault, and sometimes kill left wing politicians. He also had begun inserting a bizarre cult of personality around himself, embellishing military service, and deeds. Furthermore he has professed a need for stratocratic militarism, and one party rule as the only way to lead Africa.
Messmer, liked Eyadéma despite seeing him as a bit too fascistic, nonetheless his anti-communist stance, and friendly attitude towards France and French culture made it so he was vital in the region, especially as Senghor failed to exert his influence.
Messmer sat back in his chair and pondered his next move. His only real option was to allow Gnassingbé Eyadéma to continue to rule Togoland. Despite Eyadéma being distasteful to many, especially the press, he nonetheless was considered far stronger than any alternatives provided. While often called fascistic, he nonetheless remained staunchly anti-communist, and staunchly pro-France. Over his document, Messmer wrote: “Support and monitor Eyadéma, if a stronger, democratic, and more popular leader arises, we can then shift support.”
| The next leader Messmer had written NOT TO BE TRUSTED, in bold letters at the top of document. This was Matthieu Kerekou. Originally a member of the Communist Party of France, Messmer had him arrested. Kerekou had agreed to break his alliance with the French Communists especially after they had refused to help him in his sentencing. This experience embittered Kerekou making him a more nationalistic socialist. His return to politics would see Kerekou rocket to the top of the political sphere, uniting the shattered left, and pulling in the disaffected right, who had disliked the lukewarm compromises made by Senghor.
Despite his talk of a National Identity for Dahomey, and a strong dirigisme style economy, it was highly unlikely Kerekou could exert his rule, or even pull his colony to any form of economic or foreign freedom. 20% of DahomeyÂ’s male populace did migrant work, and the economy was agrarian, dominated by large native aristocracy.
Mathieu Kerekou would be strangled, trapped with France, economically dependent on their support, and poor reduced to agrarian work with little access to advanced tools. Messmer wrote in the notes of the file: “Watch Kerekou closely, currently there are no other native politicians with any form of cross colony appeal. Keep him economically dependent, politically restrained, and diplomatically isolated. He’ll have no choice but to follow us.”
| Moving on to the Tuareg Confederacy protectorates, Messmer was extremely concerned. There had been radio silence. The taxes flowed in, cooperation retained; however, they heard nothing else. This worried Messmer that something larger may be on the horizon. With the independence of Morocco and Tunisia as French Protectorates it seemed odd, Azawad and Agadez hadnÂ’t lobbied for their own independence.
Furthermore, there had been reports of escalating violence between Niger, Agadez and Hausa. Agadez claimed the region of Hausaland, and Messmer had happily handed it over to them, in order to reduce the logistical strain on his military and reduce the borders. Many had now criticized his actions as short sighted as the Hausa people began to fiercely vote, and protest to rejoin Niger, through the Nigerien Progressive Party. In preliminary estimates 75% of Hausaland voted to rejoin Niger through their support of the NPP.
Thinking hard about the issue, Messmer typed in the notes: “The status of Hausaland will be considered, and brought to the French government itself. I will admit the colonial government may have acted indeed too rashly when deciding upon its borders. Upon French agreement or disagreement we will act further. For now, we will redeploy French garrisons to the region to quash escalating violence.”
For Azawad, Messmer wrote a direct message to be sent to the Protectorate governor, telling him to: “Continue making contact and discussing updates with the Tuareg Clan Council.” He further ordered garrisons to be restrengthened, and redeployed to areas that had begun to be scaled down by the government.
| The last of the Arab states apart of French West Africa had seen change as well. With the loss of the Pro-French, and Pro-Federal native representative of the colony, saw the rise of Moktar Ould Daddah. He had been able to establish himself as a champion for the upper caste White Moors, through his promises of protection of their rights, and traditional business. He also managed to pull in Black Moor, and Black Africans through his limited promises of reforms, and protecting their rights.
Daddah espoused a form of Caste Based Socialism, with a strong central government, with Islamism playing a central role. Furthermore, he called for a retaining close ties with France, and importantly for Messmer, in recorded private discussions, Daddah expressed doubts over slavery, believing it could cause a devastating race war.
At the bottom of his dossier Messmer wrote: “Continue to monitor the situation and collect more information on Daddah. Should he step out of line, not only can we threaten him economically by cutting vital aid to his weak colony, we can also reveal his misgivings about slavery and ruin his reputation. This should be enough to keep him in line, and if it isn’t we can replace him with one of the three Emir’s or upper caste members more amenable to our government.”
| Moving back to the Sub-Saharan colonies the High Commissioner would open his file on the leftover rump Federalist Bloc. This large bloc was made up of Upper Volta, Senegal, Guinea, and Sudan. Despite having been the largest party in the French colonies and widely supported by even the government, Senghor’s collaboration with the French had weakened him. This weakness meant he was forced to enter into an alliance with the African Socialist Modibo Keïta.
On their file Messmer merely wrote: “The leftover of a failed pan-nationalist movement. Nothing more to do than to allow them to continue onwards and form their eventual goal. If they collapse or not is largely irrelevant as long as they and their successors remain weak enough to control.”
| High Commissioner Messmer sighed and set aside his documents. The north either being too quiet, or loud. Niger withering, Togo and Benin caught in the grip of fascists, and the Federalist Bloc a weakened rump state. All his work had seemingly become undone in under a year. He shook his head, no matter what no matter how much the “lesser subjects” protested or attempted to break rank he would hold the colony and set it up so that even in decolonization France would dominate.
Paramountica, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria, Commonwealth Services Cricket
[list][list]JULY 1956
[sub]Aswan Communique[/sub][/list]
[pre] T H E S U E Z ¹[/pre]
WASHINGTON D.C., Paramountica — EVENING
[list]𝐒𝐓𝐀𝐓𝐄 𝐃𝐄𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐓
𝐖 𝐀 𝐒 𝐇 𝐈 𝐍 𝐆 𝐓 𝐎 𝐍[/list][/list]
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1857315
[list][sub]The United States, influenced by Great Britain, ends financial support for Egypt's Aswan Dam project in an effort to roadblock President Nasser's ambitions.[/sub]
____________
[sub]¹ THE SUEZ, events covering the Suez Canal Zone; the Suez Canal was opened in 1869, the canal instantly became strategically important, as it provided the shortest ocean link between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean. Currently a focal point of tensions between Great Britain and Egypt.[/sub]
Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Israelli, Pontianus, Kotakuan Ii, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Vancouver Straits, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Newauroria, Commonwealth Services Cricket
[list]July 16 1956
Taxes And Corruption
[sub]Newauroria — EVENING[/sub]
v
|
Title: The Anti-Corruption Act
Definition of Corruption: Any individual or organization is found guilty of corruption when they have used illegal or unethical means to acquire or distribute money, property, or favors.
Section 1: Prohibition of Bribery
Any form of bribery is strictly prohibited, including the offering, soliciting, accepting, or promising of any form of money, property, or favors.
Section 2: Conflict of Interest
Any individual with the power to make decisions on behalf of the government, who has a personal interest in a matter or issue, must declare it publicly and recuse themselves from any decision-making process related to that matter or issue.
Section 3: Disclosure of Assets
Any government official or public servant, including politicians and civil servants, must disclose their assets and any financial interests they may have in companies or organizations that may conflict with their duties.
Section 4: Whistleblower Protection
Any individual who reports corruption or malfeasance shall be protected from any form of retaliation or persecution.
Section 5: Punishment
Any individual or organization found guilty of corruption shall be punished according to the severity of the offense, including fines, imprisonment, and/or removal from office or position.
Section 6: Enforcement
A specialized anti-corruption agency shall be established to investigate, prosecute, and prevent corruption. This agency shall have the power to subpoena individuals and organizations, as well as the authority to investigate and prosecute offenses related to corruption. The agency shall be independent, well-funded, and staffed with highly qualified individuals with the necessary expertise in this area.
Section 7: Purpose
This law aims to deter and punish corrupt practices in the government and public sector in Canada. It emphasizes transparency, accountability, and the protection of whistleblowers, while providing for effective enforcement mechanisms through a specialized anti-corruption agency.
Section 8: Effective Date
This act shall take effect on July 16 1956
|
Title: The Canadian Public Services and Infrastructure Fund Act
Purpose: To establish a long-term strategy to fund public services, improve living conditions, upgrade infrastructure, and strengthen the Canadian military through a gradual increase in taxes over the next decade.
Section 1: Tax Increase Schedule
(a) Effective July 16, 1956, an incremental tax increase of 1% will be added to the current federal tax rate for all individuals and corporations.
(b) On the first day of each subsequent year, the tax rate will increase by an additional 1% until the maximum incremental tax rate of 10% is reached on July 16, 1966.
(c) The tax increase will be calculated based on the income earned during the previous fiscal year.
Section 2: Allocation of Tax Revenue
(a) The tax revenue collected under this Act will be deposited into the Canadian Public Services and Infrastructure Fund, to be used exclusively for public services, living conditions, infrastructure, and military spending.
(b) The Fund will be overseen by a committee composed of representatives from the Department of Finance, the Department of National Defence, and other relevant federal departments.
Section 3: Military Funding
(a) A portion of the tax revenue collected under this Act will be allocated for military spending, including recruitment, training, equipment, and operations.
(b) The Department of National Defence will provide regular updates to the committee overseeing the Fund on the allocation and use of military funds.
Section 4: Reporting and Oversight
(a) The committee overseeing the Fund will provide an annual report to Parliament on the allocation and use of the tax revenue collected under this Act.
(b) The Auditor General of Canada will conduct regular audits of the Fund to ensure compliance with the Act and the responsible use of public funds.
(c) Any misuse of the tax revenue collected under this Act will be subject to legal action and prosecution.
This law proposal aims to establish a long-term plan for funding public services, improving living conditions, upgrading infrastructure, and strengthening the Canadian military through a gradual increase in taxes over the next decade. The tax increase schedule is structured to be incremental, starting with a 1% increase in 1956 and increasing by an additional 1% each year until reaching a maximum incremental tax rate of 10% by 1966.
The revenue generated from these tax increases will be allocated exclusively to the Canadian Public Services and Infrastructure Fund, which will be overseen by a committee composed of representatives from relevant federal departments. The Fund will allocate a portion of the revenue for military spending, which will be subject to regular updates and reporting to the committee.
To ensure transparency and accountability, the committee will provide annual reports to Parliament, and the Auditor General of Canada will conduct regular audits of the Fund. Any misuse of the tax revenue collected under this Act will be subject to legal action and prosecution.
Overall, this law proposal is designed to provide a sustainable and reliable source of funding for important public services, infrastructure improvements, and military strength, while ensuring proper oversight and accountability of public funds.
|
[spoiler=[sub]A - Gawr Gura[/sub]
The New Law
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok, Commonwealth Services Cricket
[list][pre]He would nod, before pulling out a single sheet of paper with the yet-to-be-formally adopted coat of arms of the United Kingdom of the Benelux. On the document would be statistical data and graphs illustrating projected economic growth, and revenue rises by adopting a proposal which Spark would soon pitch. Handing it to the Prime Minister, he would begin.[/pre][/list]
PAUL-HENRI SPAAK, Foreign Minister of the Benelux; ”To hear that there would not be a formal investigation is disappointing — if for no other reason than to completely wash your government’s hands of the matter, and ensure that the oath to reconciliation is clear.. I can respect that your hands are tied. I would just urge you to consider the implications that a lack of concerted action could pose to not just Italian stability, but indeed that of the continent at-large.”
[list][pre]He would pause once more to let his words land before continuing.[/pre][/list]
PAUL-HENRI SPAAK, Foreign Minister of the Benelux; What you have in your hand is a proposal wherein a short and long-term plan for peaceful coexistence is outlined… As members of the EEC, both Slovenia and Italy have already agreed to the freedom of movement between Coal and Steel workers between them and other members.. however there is another proposal to be put before the alliance, to allow for the freedom of movement for all workers. If both Slovenia and Italy supports those measures, it will allow Italians who reside in the disputed areas to work in their homeland while retaining their residence in Slovenia-.. of course this would not affect the administration of the territory, it would allow ethnic Italians to retain their ties to the Italian Kingdom… in the long term, advocates in Brussels are envisioning a day where there is a form of common citizenship for all Europeans. Allowing freedom of movement and residence across national borders-…. In a scenario where both Italy and Slovenia are early proponents of this treaty provision — a situation could be created where even tax revenue from labor by Italians in Slovenia (or vice versa) could be gained by the Italian state, creating a direct economic benefit, and see Italians in Slovenia participating in Italian elections, as citizenship would not be attached to where a person resides, but to what state they are pledged-.. Or in essence, a solution to this on-going crisis, is to let the frame work of European Unity lead all parties here towards peaceful coexistence-…. Even in a situation where so-called Eurosceptic forces would oppose, initially, a continental frame work - one adopted just between Italy and Slovenia, I believe, would place both states on a path to peace, friendship, and cooperation in the same spirit as the one all Europeans felt when establishing a continental framework at the onset of this decade.”
[list][pre]Upon finishing, Spaak would wait for his counterparts to respond.[/pre][/list]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Osivoiii, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
[list][list]July 1956
[sub]The Arab Political Awakening - Suez for the Egyptians![/sub][/list]
ABDEEN PALACE, CAIRO, (Kotakuan Ii) — EVENING
| It was a hot summer day in Cairo, and tension was high in the halls of the presidential palace. President Gamal Abdel Nasser sat at his desk, surrounded by his most trusted advisers and ministers, discussing their plan to nationalise the Suez Canal. |
| Nasser's government began to explore the possibility of nationalising the canal in early 1956, a move that would put it under direct Egyptian control and generate significant revenue for the country. The idea was not without controversy, however. Many Egyptians feared that nationalising the canal would provoke a military response from Britain and France, which had strong interests in maintaining control over the waterway and protecting their capital interests. Nasser, however, was determined to press ahead, seeing nationalisation as a key step towards achieving Egypt's long-term economic and political goals, such as the development of the Aswan High Dam and Qattara Depression. |
[list] GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, President of Egypt: [sub]”I know this won't be an easy decision … but we must do what is right for Egypt. The canal is our asset, our lifeline, and we cannot allow it to remain under foreign control . . .”[/sub]
ABDEL LATIF BOGHDADI, Finance Minister of Egypt: [sub]”We have been studying the financial implications of nationalisation for months now … and with the completion of the dossier we are confident that nationalisation will be a major source of revenue for the government. It will truly secure our financial independence for developing national assets such as the Aswan Dam and Qattara Depression … ”[/sub]
MAHMOUD FAWZI, Foreign Minister of Egypt: [sub]”But what about the reaction of the international community? Britain and France own stocks and have a strong interest in the canal, and they won't take kindly to us seizing control . . .”[/sub][/list]
| Nasser leaned back in his chair, his brow furrowed|
[list]GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, President of Egypt: [sub]”I know the risks, but we cannot let fear hold us back. We must be bold and decisive if we want to secure Egypt's future, just as we were bold and decisive in 1952”[/sub][/list]
| The group fell silent for a moment in their thoughts. Then, Nasser stood up and addressed his ministers with renewed determination. |
[list]GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, President of Egypt: [sub]”Tomorrow, it is final, I will make a speech to the Egyptian people and the world. I will explain our decision to nationalise the canal and why it is necessary for our country's prosperity and the removal of the colonial yoke from Egypt’s borders. We will not back down, and we will not be intimidated. We will stand firm and fight for our rights as a sovereign nation, and as an example to our Arab brothers and sisters that we will not bow to colonial Europeans”[/sub][/list]
| The next day, the streets of Cairo were packed with people, all waiting to hear Nasser's speech. The air was thick with anticipation and excitement, as everyone knew that something momentous was about to happen. Finally, Nasser appeared on the balcony of Abdeen Palace, his face stern and resolute as always. The crowd erupted into cheers and applause, waving Egyptian flags and chanting his name. |
[list]GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, President of Egypt: [sub]”My fellow Egyptians. Today, I stand before you to make a historic announcement. The Suez Canal, that vital Egyptian waterway that connects the Mediterranean to the Red Sea, will be nationalised, and the Suez Canal Company placed under direct Egyptian control”[/sub][/list]
| The crowd erupted into cheers once again, as Nasser continued his speech. |
[list]GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, President of Egypt: [sub]”We will no longer allow a foreign company to profit from our resources. We will no longer allow our sovereignty to be compromised. From this day forward, the canal will be run by Egyptians, for Egyptians. "[/sub][/list]
| As the speech approached its natural conclusion, President NasserÂ’s delivery became more deliberate and the audienceÂ’s attention intensified. |
[list]GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, President of Egypt: [sub]”The Suez Canal is an Egyptian Company, subject to Egyptian sovereignty, by what right does Britain interfere in our internal affairs? . . . When we nationalise the Suez Canal we carry out an action which is fully within our sovereignty. The Suez Canal Company is a joint stock company which the Egyptian government in 1856 appointed as its agent to carry out this work. Today we have withdrawn this agency which we shall carry out ourselves, and we will compensate the shareholders of the Suez Canal Company in spite of the fact that they have forcibly usurped us . . . England has usurped 44 percent of the shares free. But we shall give her the price of the 44 percent today and we shall not treat her in the same way by seizing the 44 percent as she seized from us. We do not say to them we shall not usurp your rights, as they usurped our rights, but we will say that we shall compensate you and forget the past . . . “[/sub][/list]
| As Nasser finished his speech, the crowd roared in approval, and chants of "Nasser! Nasser!" filled the air. But even as they celebrated, the government knew that there would be repercussions. The international community would not take kindly to this move, and there was a very real possibility of military intervention. But for now, at least, the Egyptian people were united in their support for their government. And as they walked home that night, they knew that they had witnessed a moment that would go down in history as a turning point for their country. There was a tingle in that sweet Cairo air, a tingle of trepidation at the potential response of the colonial powers of Britain and France but also a sense of liberation that for once, just once, Egypt would not bow down to foreign powers and would forge her own path. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Great Britain Gb, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li, Northern-Epirus, Bhaarat Lok
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1857503
Nonador, Paramountica, Victoria Harbor, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok
NEW LIFE FOR THE OLD WORKHORSE
July 4th 1956
The old workhorse of the Yugoslav Tank Forces, the T-34/100 of which Yugoslavia produced and imported (at virtually no cost due to its surplus nature) from the USSR and of which it currently has 3,463 pieces in service have been in a slow replacement process since early 1952 by domestically produced T-54s. However in a Country where choices of production mean sacrifices in other areas, the Ministers of Defense and Industry were instructed to attend a sit-down with the Minister of Finance in which it was decided that all existing T-34s would be converted to fulfill other purposes and as a result reduce both the resource and financial strain of developing (and producing) entirely new vehicles. Armored Support Vehicles have been a long issue in virtually every Army possessing an armored wing, usually that role is supplied with a mishmash of various converted vehicles. Yugoslavia however would take it upon itself to create a line of Support Vehicles constructed solely with the use of older T-34s and thus consolidate its supply and replacement line.
[List]Number of T-34/100s to be affected in this process are to be :
163x (leaving 3,300) - to be donated to Yugoslav Museums
700x (leaving 2,600) - to be put into dry-storage for future potential military aid to foreign States and Movements
400x (leaving 2,000) - to be converted into Self Propelled Guns using the Soviet 130mm M1954 (27km range), Designated T-34-130
400x (leaving 1,600) - to be converted into Armored Resupply Vehicles (Designed to Carry minimum of 120x shells each) for the above SPGs, Designated T-34-AR
1,200x (leaving 400) - to be converted into Prime Movers (to Pull Towed Artillery or other Items), Designated T-34-PM
400x (all gone) - to be converted into Recovery Vehicles to finally give all Yugoslav Armored Formations proper Armored and highly mobile recovery unity, Designated T-34-RV
* This would leave 2,000 T-34-100 Turrets as spare, 400 of these are to be installed as static positions along the Slovene Border between 1956-1958 while the remaining 1,600 would be put into dry-storage.[/list]
Completion of all conversion Projects is expected to be in 1959 with a temporary halt on T-34 production (which shall only be restarted after completion of the conversion program to provide spare parts), while existing T-54 Plants are to remain unaffected. All the proposed and planned Vehicles would give Yugoslavia a definite edge as it will enable its Armored Formations to remain on the offensive and therefore retain the initiative for longer in any potential conflict in its respective geographical area. The Ministry of Defense noted it could save Yugoslavia up to 120 million DEs (Dollar Equivalents) as with these conversions Yugoslavia would be forced to seek dedicated and expensive vehicles abroad, instead by using this strategy the only item that needs to be purchased are the 400 130mm M1954s used on the Self Propelled Gun model.
Nonador, Paramountica, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok
[pre]| JULY JULAY 1956 |[/pre]
[list][list][list][pre]RSS ★ REVOLUTIONARY STATE OF SOMALIA
KACAANKA DAWLADDA SOOMAALIYA KDS |[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
THE PEOPLES REFERENDUM:
THE SOMALI WANT FOR INDEPENDENCE HAS BEEN PUT TO VOTE!
AFTIDA DADKA:
SOOMAALI GOBANIMO RABTAA AYAA DOORASHAY!
[pre]| Somali politicians traveled throughout liberated areas in order to hold the Aftida Dadka, the most important vote in Somali history. Battles and ambushes continue to rage in the desert alongside this historic vote. Has the actions of the Ethiopian occupation finally been able to push away the Qabiil barriers and allow for a United Somalia? This vote would decide the future and framework of the Somali state under the Supreme Revolutionary Council of Somalia. |[/pre]
-VOTING RESULTS OF THE AFTIDA DADKA -
[sub]- A Unitary Somali state under the Supreme Revolutionary Council of Somalia [Somalia, Somaliland, Ogaden United in one state]: 80%[/sub]
[sub]- Separate Independence for the three Somali states[Somalia, Somaliland, Ogaden would be three separate independent Somali Republics]: 19%[/sub]
[sub]- Autonomy under the Ethiopian Empire [Somalia, Somaliland, Ogaden would seek larger more robust Autonomous region status within the Ethiopian Empire]: 1%[/sub]
[list][list][pre]I DID NOT COME TO POWER TO DIVIDE SOMALI BUT TO UNITE THEM, AND I WILL NEVER DEVIATE FROM THIS PASS![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]UMA IMAN AWOOD INAAN SOOMAALI KALA QAYBIYO EE WAA INAAN MIDEEYO, KAMANA LEEXAN DOONO MARINKAN![/pre][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Amsterwald, Osivoii, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok
[list]July 1956
[sub]From Many, One[/sub][/list]
[list][list][pre]भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस ने पाखंड की छाया के बावजूद 'विविध एकता' की नीति अपनाई
INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS PURSUES POLICY OF 'DIVERSE UNITY' DESPITE SHADOWS OF HYPOCRISY[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][sub]JULY 1956 | जुलाई 1956[/sub][/list]
[list] | [sub]The Indian National Congress (INC) party was and still is deeply rooted in the concept of a unified, singular, secular India. During the independence movements, its largest advocates and supporters initiated efforts to establish an independent India unified and secular. Its own establishment was unity-focused; Muslims were openly welcomed in the INC, until the All-India Muslim League (AIML) was formed after Hindus began to numerically dominate the Congress. This split eventually - through direct or indirect factors - led to the establishment of a separate, largely Hindu but officially secular India, and a separate, largely Muslim Pakistani Islamic republic. Despite the separation of a substantial number of Muslims from the Indian Republic, there remained an absolutely colossal number of diverse cultures, ethnolinguistic groups, and peoples all over India. The range of diversity could only be potentially matched by the United States with its variety of immigrant communities, but even that could not match the unfathomable scale of India's own diversity. This diversity posed both a great benefit for the country, but it proved to be a great bane as well.[/sub] |
| [sub]We can look at the establishment of the separate Muslim League as an example, and to attempts in Hyderabad and Kashmir to disengage themselves from India or Pakistan, or both, or none. Hindus comprised a sizable majority of voters in the Indian electorate; of course, this essentially guaranteed victories for the also-Hindu majority Indian National Congress. However, India cannot be represented so simply and straightforwardly by Hindus. The diversity of opinions, ethnicities and cultures represent a unique problem that not many other nations have had to face - the problem of unifying a country of a thousand cultures under one flag, one language, and one set of laws.[/sub] |
| [sub]Some in the INC and indeed in the other minor parties argued that government secularism and non-engagement was the best way forward on this issue. Simply just having the government be neutral when it came to which religion was the official one of the Republic, and having the government avoid facing hard questions and treating every culture equally, would have absolved the Union government in Delhi from having to answer the unanswerable questions. This, however, came with its own set of complications. Non-engagement would allow for potential breakdowns of law and order and an empowerment of the state governments, many of which were significantly less pro-secularist than the Union government. These states tended to heed the simple majoritarian rule of thumb - Hindu-majority states were led by pro-Hindus, and vice versa for Muslim-majority states and other states with ethnic pluralities/no majorities. The government of Prime Minister Nehru and thus the national INC party were also not so keen on handing power to state governments, so a new focused was tackled; this would allow for two birds to be killed with one stone.[/sub] |
| [sub]Education was finally outlined by the Nehru government as a key way of strengthening 'diverse unity' among the Indian people. It was obvious there was not going to be any cultural assimilation or forceful implementation of hardline secularist policies; civil war would break out. Instead, Nehru proposed policies of enforcing the government policy of ensuring secularism in its laws and refraining from taking 'strong positions' on linguistic debates that caused riots in Bombay last year. Exchange programs between states and subsidies to reorganize the curriculum of the Indian education system were introduced, alongside a larger political debate in the halls of power in Delhi over standardized education reform.[/sub] |
| [sub]However, the INC engages in this seemingly noble endeavor of unifying a country of diverse nations - From many, one - with the shadow of hypocrisy playing in the background, as opposition critics are pointing out loudly. With the next general election approaching in 1957, the socialist opposition - comprised primarily by the likes of the Praja Socialist Party, the Communist Party of India, the Scheduled Castes Federation and a series of other minor parties in the Lok Sabha (India's lower house) - were playing up the INC's history of being heavily Hindu-comprised and thus 'unrepresentative of the true nature of the Indian people'. These parties, however, treaded carefully and played cautiously with this rhetoric - angering the immense Hindu electorate in the country would certainly be the cause for yet another landslide victory for Nehru and the INC. Nonetheless, however, this policy of 'diverse unity' was coming to the forefront of Indian politics especially with the Bombay riots and the need to smooth out the linguistic barriers (and other barriers as well) that continue to divide India despite its unity on maps.[/sub] | [/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Amsterwald, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
[list][list]JULY 1956
[sub]The Canal Emergency[/sub][/list]
[pre] T H E S U E Z ¹[/pre]
INT. 10 DOWNING STREET, WHITE HALL
[sub]LONDON, ENGLAND, Great Britain Gb — LATE EVENING[/sub]
| Sir ANTONY EDEN, Prime Minister of the country paced down the hallway, ahead of GUY MILLARD, the PRIME MINISTER’s Private Secretary and RICHARD PARSONS, of the Foreign Office. The PRIME MINISTER had an impeccable record in international diplomacy — he had served in Churchill’s wartime cabinet and had famously resigned over NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN’s appeasement policy — but as the late evening set further, there was a very different feeling, and a feeling the PRIME MINISTER knew all to well harking back to his interwar tenure. The shock was tremendous, the sense of great crisis was immediate. The PRIME MINISTER was hosting an official dinner at Downing Street in honor of the Hashemite monarchs of Hashemite Kingdoms when news reached Whitehall of Nasser’s nationalization. |
[list]| ANTONY EDEN, [sub]THE PRIME MINISTER[/sub] | “I want you to call in all the Chiefs of Staff, tell them they are to come at once . . . and we’ll need the French Ambassador and the American Charge d’Affaires just as soon as they can make it.”
| GUY MILLARD, [sub]P.M.’s PRIVATE SECRETARY[/sub] | “Prime Minister.”[/list]
| MILLARD and PARSONS slightly nod bow their heads, halting as two Downing Street sentinels opened the door for the PRIME MINISTER, who proceeded to enter the oak paneled reception room, where — in white-bowtie and tuxedo attire, members of his Cabinet and the Opposition were in attendance with the dual Hashemite monarchs, FAISAL II of Hashemite Iraq and the older yet junior-crown ABDULLAH of Hashemite Jordan. The room turned to notice the PRIME MINISTER, who spoke reserved but without haste. |
[list]| ANTONY EDEN, [sub]THE PRIME MINISTER[/sub] | “. . . I want Your Majesties to know, and I think Her Majesty’s Opposition should know too — what Nasser has done tonight. He has made a speech announcing that he was going ahead with the Aswan Dam, and in order to finance it, Egypt is seizing the Suez Canal company.”
| SELWYN LLOYD, [sub]FOREIGN SECRETARY[/sub] | “That horrid criminal, what are you going to do?”
| ANTONY EDEN, [sub]THE PRIME MINISTER[/sub] | “I have asked the American Charge d’Affaires to come at once, and the French Ambassador . . . This is an international crisis, I think we should take it to the Security Council.”
| SELWYN LLOYD, [sub]FOREIGN SECRETARY[/sub] | “Yes, and supposed Nasser doesn’t take any notice?”
| WALTER MONCKTON, [sub]DEFENSE SECRETARY[/sub] | “Prime Minister, without question concerning public opinion you’ll have Great Britain behind you but we will most certainly have to get the Americans to tow the line too.”[/list]
____________
[sub]¹ A Series: THE SUEZ, events covering the Suez Canal Zone; the Suez Canal was opened in 1869, the canal instantly became strategically important, as it provided the shortest ocean link between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean. Currently a focal point of tensions between great Britain and Egypt.[/sub]
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Kotakuan Ii, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Greater Cornwallis, Van Diemens Landt, Brazil Toucan, Hashemite Kingdoms, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
| His brow furrowed into a deep reflection, the elder Einaudi would be the first to take the sheets and and analyze the data. Quickly, Andreotti would yake minor notes as Einaudi passed them to him. A minute or two would pass, a few words would be exchanged in Italian, and then Einaudi would react first. |
[list][sup]| Prime Minister LUIGI EINAUDI: |[/sup] "We admire the boldness of your plan. The data, indeed, is promising. There is indeed much potential, as both Northern Italy and Slovenia share dense industrial networks...But so far, this remains the stuff of idealists and utopians. I doubt even the Slovenes themselves would agree to such a particular framework, unless your country, of course, was to be main third party between the two of us...And then there remains the fact of our internal politics, but this matter will be dealt with later. But this proposal is, as I see it, erm...very interesting to say the least."[/list]
[list][sup]| Minister of the Interior, Giulio Andreotti: |[/sup] "I concur, even if for burying the current animosity between our two countries. We shall submit it to the rest of the cabinet very quickly. I cannot promise this to pass...Rome wasn't built in a day. But in a few years I'm sure, if we succeed in calming the nationalists now, there could be a window of opportunity. I will be there to ensure it."[/list]
| Andreotti's ambition was no secret for anyone. While Einaudi was at the dusk of his political career, one could say Andreotti was at its dawn. |
[list][sup]| Prime Minister LUIGI EINAUDI: |[/sup] "For now, however, and as a stepping-stone to this open area plan of yours, what we suggest would be establishing a formal forum between Italy and Slovenia, under EEC auspices, and preferably with your guardianship and mediation. A few years back, some negotiations occurred, behind closed doors. Neither side would find agreeable terms and it was dissolved. Please forward such proposal to the Slovenes and see their reaction — Open discussions have their disadvantages, but maybe everyone will be less prone to walk out."[/list]
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, New Provenance, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
[list]JULY 1956
[sub]The Aftershock[/sub][/list]
[pre] T H E S U E Z [/pre]
LIBERATION SQUARE,
[sub]ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT, Kotakuan Ii — LATE EVENING[/sub]
| President NASSER announced last night that the Egyptian Government had decided to nationalise the Suez Canal company and to use the income from the canal of $100m a year to build the Aswan High Dam and develop the Qattara Depression. This is a consequence resulting from the actions that transpired last week when the United States and Britain withdrew their offers of money for the dam . . . Britain is the largest single shareholder in the Suez Canal company, owning seven-sixteenths of the total. The companyÂ’s 99-year concession was due to expire in thirteen years, after which the canal would have reverted to Egypt. President NASSER said shareholders would be paid in accordance with the last closing prices on the Paris bourse. |
| Senior Egyptian officials arrived in Ismailia from Cairo last night to take control of the Suez Canal company’s headquarters and chief installations which had been placed under strong police guard. Police also cordoned off the company’s administrative building in Cairo. Meanwhile, President NASSER told a wildly cheering crowd of 100,000 Egyptians in Liberation Square, here tonight, that all Suez Canal company funds in Egypt were now “frozen.” |
[list]| GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, [sub]PRESIDENT[/sub] | “We shall build the high dam by restoring our rights in the Suez Canal. We shall take the income from the Suez Canal – $100m a year – and build the high dam on the skulls of 120,000 Egyptian workmen who died in building the Suez Canal . . .”[/list]
| He declared that the British and American offers to help to build the high dam were tied up with economic domination as a prelude to political domination. The Suez Canal income was £35m, of which, at present, Egypt took a share of just over £1m. |
[list]| GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, [sub]PRESIDENT[/sub] | “. . . In five years we will be able to acquire £178m. We don’t have to seek American and British aid for building the dam. We will build it ourselves and with our own money. Egyptian officials are now taking over the company. We are taking back what is rightfully ours . . .”[/list]
| Finally, the Egyptian PRESIDENT ended the speech stating that the Government had approved a law nationalising the company “in the name of the nation.” The company would be transferred to the State with all its assets and commitments. He then, as a closing remark, read the law passed by him as President of the Republic. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Tallahan, Greater Kurdistane, Al-Morocco, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
[list][pre]Spaak would nod respectfully, taking this small - but measurable victory, as encouragement that this may be a path worth pursuing. For, if it is achieved, it would further demonstrate the viability of European Unity as central to lasting peace and future prosperity for the continent.[/pre][/list]
PAUL-HENRI SPAAK, Foreign Minister of the Benelux; "I believe that EEC-mediated talks would be welcomed by all parties - especially with this proposal acting as a base line from which representatives from Slovenia and Italy could find common ground between them. In fact, I can report to you, that the Slovenian administration is open to multilateral discussions - discussions that I would be honored to mediate on behalf of the EEC, and Kingdom of the Benelux."
[list][pre]Pausing to take note of their body language before continuing.[/pre][/list]
PAUL-HENRI SPAAK, Foreign Minister of the Benelux; "If your government is willing - whether before, or after submitting this proposal to your Cabinet - I would like to have my staff begin the process of organizing a summit at The Hague between Italian and Slovenian authorities to begin the work of reconciliation - to the extent possible, given the domestic political challenges at this time. Rome, indeed, was not built in a day - but we should be able to begin laying her foundation."
Paramountica, Spainard, Arcanda, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, New Provenance, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
{ August 1956 }
[list][list][list]Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa[/list][/list][/list]
[list][list][list]PeopleÂ’s Republic of Poland[/list][/list][/list]
| On the morning of the 18th of August, the President of the Republic, Boleslaw Bierut, died of a heart attack in his home. His wife, Janina, had woken up to him being unresponsive, which quickly prompted her to call emergency services to attempt to resuscitate him, with their efforts being met with continued rigidity. His children as well were notified of his passing, and the family shall continue in a state of mourning for the next few weeks to come. As well, a state funeral will be held in the presidentÂ’s honor, as the invitation is extended to other eastern european nations to attend and to freely pay their respects to the president as they see fit.
Upon hearing of the presidentÂ’s death, the National Council convened for an emergency meeting and discussion on what this would mean for the future of the nation. However, with contingencies such as this having already been in place, it is expected that the office of the presidency be abolished, and the nation be led by the new office of Chairman, with Aleksander Zawadzki being the first to hold the office. Zawadzki has already assured the people of Poland that the transition will be smooth and that the country still has a bright future, despite current events, and that he will lead them on to the future that Bierut had envisioned for the country.
In Spite of the restructuring and seeming rush to secure the nationÂ’s stability, elements such as the Ministry for Public Security have made plans to expand their reach further into the public and private domains. Former Deputy Director, Jan Kromkowski, (now acting director with the departure of Stanislaw Radkiewicz earlier this year), has made it known that with the death of Bierut, that the people have nothing to fear. Kromkowski has already approached Zawadzki and has requested that more funds be diverted to the Ministry for the purposes of carrying out the bureau's five year plan in extending its reach from being a national centered entity, to an international ministry with a focus on counter-espionage. Kromkowski has also reached out to other Warsaw Pact nations in an effort to work with other similar agencies to shore up mutual intelligent defense. |
[spoiler=[sub]Workers of the world, unite![/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Tallahan, Ubertica, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li, Krasnikholmsk
[list][pre]T H E S L O V E N E R E P U B L I C • S L O V E N S K A R E P U B L I K A[/pre][/list]
PRESTIGIOUS INAUGURATION MARKS COMPLETION OF THE PIAVA DAM, RESTRICTING WATER TO ITALIAN VILLAGES
[list][sup]A VESSEL SUNK, A VILLAGE DRIED
AUGUST 1956[/sup][/list]
The beautiful blue waters of the newborn Lake Plut, fed by the Piava¹, shimmered under Alpine skies. Under the veneer of its beauty, however, the dam which fathered it had been a magnet of controversy since its inception in 1950. Originally imagined as a hydroelectric power plant, Slovenian Electric (SE) pivoted the direction of the Piava dam project at the government’s behest as Italo-Slovenian relations worsened. The objective would be more malicious: to concentrate the valley’s water resources into a new lake south of the Sloveno-Bavarian village of Plut (Plodn in Bavarian and Sappada in Italian), just before the Piava was to course into northeastern Italy. By its blocking, the Piava would no longer be flowing into Italy, but only trickling; the flow of the Piava in Slovenia was to be now almost entirely dedicated to the shores of Lake Plut. Though this sacrificed most of the dam’s hydroelectric capacity, the government viewed the resulting lake a boon to tourism and the restriction of the Piava’s flow into Italy as a symbolic victory. Indeed, the Italian stretch of the river, the site of several historical battles and stretching for over two hundred kilometers to the Mediterranean, was no small feature. The effect of the Slovene damming would only magnify the effects of a dam on the Ansiei tributary built by Italy in the 1930s, and it would be especially malignant in the villages of Santo Stefano di Cadore, Campolongo, and San Pietro di Cadore, in which the Slovene waters of the Piava made up the sole above-ground fresh water.
The regal inauguration of the dam stood in glaring contrast to its effects. As the spillways closed and the lake filled throughout the summer of 1956, plans were drawn up for a momentous celebration; at the event in August, President Nikola Koprivnikar himself declared the occasion a milestone of Slovene engineering and industry, the day indelibly branded into the history books of the Slovene Republic. “The people of Slovenia have the full right to use its resources as they wish,” spoke Koprivnikar. “The Piava dam is the exemplary proof of this.” As the Alpine sun shone upon the faces of the proud onlookers, it was as if a tremendous sovereign sigh was heard, warping the whispers of the Piava Valley into a gale of revanchism. It fast captured the attention of the nation; new plans for hotels to overlook the scenic lake passed the municipal commission, drawing the support of Slovenian investors. The Slovene Republic signaled its victory with a grandiose statue at a lakeside park depicting noted local Alpinist Dana Furlan; it won the vote for the statue’s subject, narrowly defeating the figure of a rusalka—a malevolent water spirit of Slavic myth.
[list][sup]¹ The Italian Piave, the site of both Napoleonic and Great War battles and the valley of which is a Veneto wine region. In this timeline, it begins in Slovenia.[/sup]
Nonador, Paramountica, Spainard, Arcanda, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Tallahan, Ubertica, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Krasnikholmsk
[list]AUGUST 1956
[sub]The Duo[/sub][/list]
[pre] T H E S U E Z [/pre]
THE PEOPLEÂ’S PALACE,
[sub]DAMASCUS, SYRIA, Bescania — NIGHT[/sub]
| It was a warm night in Damascus when Egyptian President GAMAL ABDEL NASSER arrived at the People's Palace to meet with Syrian Prime Minister MICHEL AFLAQ. The grand palace in the heart of Damascus was filled with the sounds of flowing fountains and the fragrance of blooming jasmine flowers. President NASSER was escorted by a team of Syrian military officers, who led him through the ornate halls of the palace to the grand conference room. As he entered, he was greeted by Prime Minister AFLAQ, who stood up from his chair to shake his hand. |
[list]| MICHEL AFLAQ, [sub]PRIME MINISTER[/sub] | “Welcome, my dear friend. It’s a pleasure to have you back in Damascus . . .”
| GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, [sub]EGYPTIAN PRESIDENT[/sub] | “The honour is mine, Michel. It's been too long since we last met”[/list]
| AflaqÂ’s voice was filled with a sense of warmth and excitement as the two leaders sat down at the conference table, surrounded by their advisors and ministers. They began to discuss the recent nationalisation of the Suez Canal Company, which has now sparked an international crisis and put Egypt in a direct diplomatic conflict with the United Kingdom and France. |
[list]| GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, [sub]EGYPTIAN PRESIDENT[/sub] | “Michel, I need your support now more than ever . . . the Western powers are trying to isolate us and crush our independence. That fool ANTONY EDEN would have us crushed under his thumb in an instant if he got his way with the Americans. We need to be bold, stand together, and show them that we will not be intimidated — we compensated the 44 percent of British shares as a means of respect and to demonstrate that whilst we have been wronged in the past by England we are saying let bygones be bygones and let us all look to the future. Although, I do not think the English and French share the same views . . .”
| MICHEL AFLAQ, [sub]PRIME MINISTER[/sub] | “I understand your position, Gamal. I understand it well. Of course Syria stands with Egypt in this struggle for freedom and sovereignty. We will, naturally, do our part and strongly support our Arab brothers and sisters in the struggle against imperialism.”[/list]
| As he spoke passionately about the need for Arab unity, AFLAQÂ’s mind wandered for a moment, lost in thoughts of his own past struggles and victories. |
[list]| MICHEL AFLAQ, [sub]PRIME MINISTER[/sub] | “I apologise for the digression Gamal . . . but I have been rather troubled and want your opinion on a matter within Syria.” [/list]
| A sense of intrigue washed over President NASSER, as he leaned forward within his chair NASSER made focused eye contact with AFLAQ to reassure the Syrian PRIME MINISTER that he was receptive and listening. |
[list]| MICHEL AFLAQ, [sub]PRIME MINISTER[/sub] | “Within Al-Jawlān, there have been some conflicts between Syrian Arab farmers and their . . . Israeli counterparts. It is my understanding based on an assessment by the National Syrian Agricultural Council that the Israeli farmers are encroaching on the sovereign land of Syria, and therefore Syrian farmers. With your nationalisation of the Suez Canal Company, I fear the so-called Israeli government may be wary of the both of us and therefore I do not wish to be heavy-handed in my response. What do you suggest, Gamal?”[/list]
| NASSER leaned back in his chair, deep in thought, as he considered the question proposed by AFLAQ and its implications for their shared struggle. |
[list]| GAMAL ABDEL NASSER, [sub]EGYPTIAN PRESIDENT[/sub] | “I can understand how you are troubled, Michel. The Israeli’s would love nothing more than an excuse to attack you, and whilst we must not be intimidated we must approach this in the rational context of the wider political implications. I would suggest a low-level response, potential armament of the Arab farmers with small arms — let them defend themselves if need be but do not associate the Syrian Army with such defence if the time came would be my advise, when this nationalisation all blows over then we can fully readjudicate . . . ”[/list]
| NASSER and AFLAQ continued to talk for hours, late into the night. As they parted ways, Nasser and Aflaq embraced warmly, promising to continue their close collaboration in the fight for Arab unity and liberation. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Spainard, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Tallahan, Sudesam, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Krasnikholmsk
[list][list]FEBRUARY 1956
[sub]TAMADON-E BOZORG[/sub][/list]
[sub][pre] H O V E Y D A' S L E G A C Y [/pre][/sub]
[list][list][sub][pre]O Cyrus, Great King, King of Kings
Achaemenian King, King of the Land of Iran.
I, Shahanshah of Iran, offer thee salutations from myself and from my nation.
Rest in Peace, for we are awake, and we will always stay awake.[/pre][/sub][/list][/list]
TEHRAN,
[sub]Alzarikstan[/sub]
[list][pre]ZAIRE-IRAN ECONOMIC AND DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL AGREEMENTS SIGNED![/pre][/list]
| Upon the arrival of Gloria Banza and Celine Merkazi of Paseo in Tehran, the intention of the meetings was to bring Iran and Zaire closer on topics of defense industrialization and economic relations. The Zaire and Iranian delegations met at the Office of the Prime Minister as conversations occurred over four days. |
| Per the new agreements between Zaire and Iran: |
[list][list][pre]1. Zaire agrees to provide Iran with discounted arrangements regarding the importation of Zairean natural resources such as tantalum, coltan, cobalt, manganese, tin, and copper.
2. In exchange for increased imports of Zairean natural resources, Iran will supply Zaire with military equipment.
3. Zairean Purchasing of 200 x Bardiya Main Battle Tanks (to be completed over next two years)
4. Zairean Purchasing of 200 x Napad Heavy Tanks (to be completed over next two years)
5. Acceptance of Zairean specialists and engineers into Iran to work and observe Iranian engineers and specialists regarding new military equipment and research development.
6. Iranian international studies students accepted in Zairean universities to prioritize in studies to increase Iranian-African relations[/pre][/list][/list]
| The acceptance of the new agreements prompted for Zaire to become a major gateway for Iran into Africa, which Prime Minister Hoveyda is expected to expand and cherish over the years to come. |
__________
Paramountica, Spainard, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Krasnikholmsk
[list][PRE]August 1956[/pre][/list]
[list][list][list][list][pre]Prince of Asturias turns 18: Joins Active Duty As Armed Forces Boast Military Readiness[/pre][/list][/list][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre] P L U S - U L T R A[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][I]Cádiz[/I], Spainard
[sub][I]THE SPANISH KINGDOM OF SPAIN[/I][/sub][/list]
[list]|[sub]An extensive military exercise had concluded after a seven-day trial off the coast of Cádiz near the joint Spanish-American naval base. The sentiment behind the activity was to test naval capabilities to the brim and to assure military readiness and deterrence at all costs. The exercise is part of the Ministry of Defense's initiative to test current and new military equipment and continue Spain's commitment to the North Atlantic Treaty while maintaining a doctrine of self-perseverance. By the end of this fiscal year, another increase in military spending passed by the Asamblea Nacional will go into effect, which will go towards the production and development of more corvettes for the Atrevida-class. The F-62 Princesa and F-62 Diana will enter service in 1958, followed by F-65 Villa de Bilbao in 1960. Washington and Madrid continue to hold talks on acquiring more destroyer-class ships as both countries work together to build their mutual military relationship further. [/list][/sub]
[list]|[I][sub]In Madrid, lawmakers, specifically the socialist opposition, are weary of the growing militaristic attitude of the Alvarez government. They are calling for the Prime Minister to adjust his focus on more pressing matters, such as the attack against unionization by significant businesses seeking to maximize profits. However, this was dismissed by the Prime Minister's sighting to international trends that require Spain to adhere to a very 'prominent' threat of the continued arms race. The initiative is attenable to the Prime Minister's success in bringing the armed forces out of it is lackluster state and showing the country and the world that the Spanish Armed Forces are a force that can defend itself by all means.[/list][/sub]
[list]|[I][sub]Prince of Asturias and Heir, Juan Carlos, turned 18 in January and announced joining the Spanish Armed Forces to serve in the Armada. During his sworn-in ceremony Prince of Asturias pledged to support his fellow men with unyielding determination and a sense of duty and to protect the country from its enemies. His grandfather, Alfonso XIII, mainly received a military education, instilled nationalistic idealism throughout, and involved himself in the controversial Riff conflict, ultimately leading to his ousting. Nonetheless, the current King will order his son to partake in military service while receiving an education amongst his peers that reflect a changing world and ideology.[/list][/sub]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Por siempre España; Siempre libre; Siempre Iguales[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Krasnikholmsk
| SOLOMONIC STATE OF ETHIOPIA - SELOMONAWI SITETI OFI ITIYOPIA |[/B]
The Solomonic State On The Brink: Ethiopia Intro, Pt. I
[sub]| Addis Ababa Imperial City
| Summer, 1954-Summer, 1955[/sub]
-
With his empire and legitimacy in tatters, Selassie I capitulates to civilian rule in a bid to protect his throne.
________________
Since the beginning of the Italo-Ethiopian War in 1935, the Solomonic State of Ethiopia has faced some of the gravest threats to its existence ever. Italian occupation, attempted South African subjugation, and persistent threats in Eritrea had all battered the reign of Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia. At one point after World War 2, the nation had in fact seemed ascendant, with Imperial authority stronger than ever. But the tears in the national fabric only grew larger with time and it was unclear if EthiopiaÂ’s political system could endure long enough to mend them. The successful secession of the westernmost areas of Eritrea as an independent nation had been the greatest visible blow to the Solomon's authority. The 1954 Moscow Peace Agreement seemingly closed the issue for now and also widened the domestic crisis facing Selassie I.
For most Ethiopian nationalists, of which there were indeed a great many, opinions of the Emperor had been souring for some time and were further permanently damaged by such preposterous capitulation as the Moscow Agreement. The archaic traditions and limited institutions of the Imperial government had contributed to growing contempt among the Ethiopian people, especially the urban population. They blamed an ancient and unresponsive aristocratic social system for the wounds to national pride, and they expressed their anger earnestly. Protests ground public life in the capital city of Addis Ababa to a halt in January of 1955, where tens of thousands protested for political reform and a vaguely-defined restoration of national pride. At his heart a stone-cold autocrat, Selassie responds in force. The Imperial Guard flooded the city with troops and a bloodbath ensued. Over 400 civilian lives were taken altogether, but the regime survived.
Following Addis AbabaÂ’s so-called Bloody Month, Tafari Benti was dismissed as Prime Minister. The Emperor also dismissed a handful of influential senior aristocrats with him, blaming the group collectively for the failures in Eritrea. Acknowledging the grievances of the protests, Selassie accepted a minor level of reform and appointed a non-aristocrat, Aklil Habte-Wold, to become the new Prime Minister. Serving for nearly a decade as EthiopiaÂ’s Foreign Minister since 1948, Habte-Wold has become one of the most prominent figures in the country's limited formal political system.
But even early in 1955, it was clear he would have a troubled term as Prime Minister. His appointment had ultimately done little to quell public discontent with the government and protests remained common nationwide. The state-aligned ethnically-Ahmara “Fano” paramilitary was also disillusioned with the government. Selassie’s actions in Addis Ababa had given credence to a fear that eventually the Emperor would seek to disband the Fano militia by force. Its forces grew increasingly paranoid and combative with the Imperial government, quickly coming to refuse almost all orders. Habte-Wold attempted to have the Ethiopian Army confront them but quickly found the Ahmara troops in the region refused to act against Fano. The national government again found itself distracted as the conflict ground affairs to a halt. Fano’s audacity had also emboldened some of the many minor ethnicities in Ethiopia’s rural south. The military forces in the region were large of the local ethnicity and they essentially reverted to ethnic militias. Warlordism and Inter-ethnic violence quickly broke out in this area and the Prime Minister now found himself negotiating with men who were nominally under his military command. Further, secessionism in the Ethiopian province of Eastern Eritrea remained popular and its young governor, Aman Andom, was considered a conciliatory choice by Selassie.
Across the summer of 1955, protests in Addis Ababa became endemic. Nationalists, reactionaries, liberals, leftists, and dissenters of all persuasion called for change. The past years of crisis had steadily eroded the quality of government nationwide, and mass strikes and protests only further upset the ability of the Imperial government to perform its basic functions. Protests have come specifically to call for the adoption of a constitution and the reduction of the EmperorÂ’s authority over the civilian government. Discontent in the Ethiopian Army specifically has become influential, as local officers gain popularity in leading protest movements or ethnic militias. Though operating quietly, many of these local resistance movements are tied to the same man: Ras Abebe Aregai, an influential general who participated in paramilitary operations against the Italian occupation. General Aregai has come to associate himself with the rising faction of liberal nationalists and reformers in Ethiopian society, though he has yet to openly speak against Prime Minister Aklile-Wold or Emperor Selassie.
By the end of the Prime MinisterÂ’s first year in office, Habte-Wold had been unable to rectify any of the crises facing Ethiopia. The central government certainly was strong enough to solve them by force- it still had over 400,000 active personnel loyal to the Capital, replete with modern equipment- however, it could not do so without plunging Ethiopia into full-scale civil war, surely motivating other secessionist efforts. The government's seeming disinterest in acting or inability to do so was doing little to help SelassieÂ’s crisis of legitimacy. The conviction among nationalists that the feudal aristocracy had become lethargic and ineffectual was only growing. And behind the scenes, Abebe Aregai plots to take advantageÂ…
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Tallahan, Greater Kurdistane, Ma-Li, Krasnikholmsk
[list][list]AUGUST 1956
[sub]THE SERENITY OF MUSCAT[/sub][/list]
[sub][pre] O M A N I O A S I S [/pre][/sub]
Muscat,
[sub]Omani S[/sub]
[list][pre]A PERMANENT PEACE ACHIEVED![/pre][/list]
| Sultan Said bin Taimur appeared in front of a growing audience of Omani citizens upon the dissolution of Saudi Arabia's hold on the Arabian Peninsula. In his statement, Sultan Said bin Taimur declared that Oman is once again free from the clutches of tyranny and is on course to rediscover its roots and identity to mold a better future. Sultan Said bin Taimur has further prompted the idea that a new government is to be set in stone beginning in January 1957; however, until then, a council of administrators will be formed to perform daily operations until elections to commence in 1957. When explaining the elections, Sultan Said bin Taimur declared that it will not be political parties seeking office but rather individuals running to be elected by constituents based on their ideas and viewpoints to avoid the production of political party mob mentality. |
| Sultan Said bin Taimur further explained he will reach out to Western nations to assist in development initiatives to determine the sheer scale of investments needed to push the nation forward. With infrastructure put in place since the 1930s and Gwadar having functional infrastructure, Sultan Said bin Taimur has opened Oman for collaborative business with the international world. Part of forming the new government further entails negotiations with tribal leaders from Western Oman to ensure peace and unity can be achieved while preserving traditional cultures and customs. |
| There were subtle dilemmas for the Sultan to address and take into consideration moving forward in determining the top priorities for the newly independent nation. Most of these dilemmas were connected to public health, illiteracy, infrastructure integration, and the lack of maritime infrastructure except for Gwadar. However, the Sultan did not want the main lifeline for Omani economics to be solely based on the trading outpost on the other side of the Omani Gulf; therefore, the Sultan had to break away from traditional suspicions toward modern infrastructure and development. Part of the separating from traditional restrictions was seeking to bring into the new nation educated officials and talent from Western nations into Muscat and provide them advisor positions to assist in developing short and long term strategies for domestic growth. It was no secret that Oman did not have much money to splurge as the nation did not even know what natural resources it possessed. However, it was clear that the first hurdle to overcome was illiteracy and the lack of education. The lack of schools and education based institutions and facilities was a national embarrassment but the Sultan did not see it as a failing embarrassment but rather the ability to begin to prove the determination of the Omani people against all odds. This is where the Sultan would begin his efforts to reverse the current trend that Oman faced upon finally achieving its sudden independence. |
__________
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Krasnikholmsk
Hungarian Official Statement Regarding the Death of the Polish President
C H A I R M A N ' S | O F F I C E
H U N G A R I A N | S . R .
B U D A P E S T
1 8 | A U G U S T | 1 9 5 6
On behalf of the Hungarian people and the central committee, I wish to extend my sincerest condolences to the Polish government, people and the family of President Bierut
President Boleslaw Bierut was a true revolutionary, and his passing comes as a shock to the entire socialist world. I remember fondly our correspondence,
and he will always have a special place in the heart of the Hungarian people. I would be honored to attend the funeral of such a great man, and look forward to
my first visit to your beautiful nation. I hope that Chairman Aleksander Zawadzk will have a smooth transition to power, and wish for warm relations between our two
great nations in the coming years.
I also applaud Jan Kromkowski's initiative to establish an international ministry for the furtherment of internal security within the Warsaw Pact. I, on behalf of the
People's Commissariat of Internal Security, would support such an establishment, and look forward to further cooperation in this realm.
May our two nations know only peace and prosperity, and may we forever be united under free labor. United we stand.
-The Hungarian people salute you,
Chairman Gedeon Horvat
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
[list][pre]August, 1956 | Kadugli, Nuba Mountain Province, The Commonwealth Of Sudan[/pre]
HODA KUZAMI, THE SUDANESE WOMEN UNION, AND THE WOMEN AMENDMENT[/list]
Seven years had passed since the Omdurman Blossom, which saw HodaÂ’s homeland become a rising member of the community with the nationÂ’s independence in 1950. Hoda Kuzami, the daughter of Kuzami Jalebiya and Sereen Itwaba, now divorced since 1955 following KuzamiÂ’s increasingly radicalized sentiment and involvement with the Nationalists extremists groups of the Confluence, Hoda had lost the man that her father used to be, a raging misogynist who had once put his hands on her mother for going out and joining the womenÂ’s protest in Kadugli. The divorce was rough, Sereen was fortunate that her children were now all grown up, her son Fedian, a veteran of the East Africa war in 1941, had gotten married to her and brought her a grandchild, Aula Fedian. However, her son had chosen to move with his daughter and wife to Yambio in Equatoria, where he works as an officer training new recruiters to the Sudanese Border Guard.
All that Sereen had left was Hoda, who had returned to permanent living in Kadugli after having graduated from high school in El Obied in the next province over. Hoda had managed to get a low-paying job at the Nuba Mountain Health Department, where she sometimes faces tasks higher than her pay grade which she is forced to accomplish, or unruly partners and clients that would sometimes result in harassment, much of which she has reported only to be seen as a complainer or liar. Sereen had successfully opened up a school for young women in Kadugli after the divorce, where she began her life as a woman of her own until the Nationalists came knocking again, setting the school ablaze, graffitied nationalists and vulgar sentiment, “death to the communists” was the most popular amongst them. After all, Sereen had managed to get the place to open with funding from the communist party branch of the province, which had been increasingly vying for women's rights reforms and enshrining them within the Sudanese constitution.
The womenÂ’s movement had swept the country in three forms since its beginning stages in the the1940s, first starting with the conscription and use of more women in the fields to keep up the wartime production, therefore alleviating their value within society and giving them the leeway to begin the fights for their rights. The second movement had sought to do exactly that and more, first starting in 1947 as it called upon the guaranteeing of womenÂ’s rights within the new colonial government. The second wave had been swept away under the blossom movement, which was practically a large umbrella group of Sudanese citizens seeking to establish an independent Sudanese state, to women, this was the perfect opportunity to start aggressively campaigning for womenÂ’s rights within the new nation, only to find their new government had abandoned their establishment and prioritized the continuing conflict in Eritrea.
The third and current women’s rights movement had come in part of the country’s Azma, or the catastrophe, period of the country. The women's union of Sudan or SWU backed by the communist and liberal parties had now gone out in full force to demand the women’s Amendment be introduced and passed by Parliament, this amendment would essentially “focus on the right to vote and women's suffrage, and allow for the right of women to act as representatives in all legislative, political, and administrative corporations”. The leaders of this movement, Fatima Talib, Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim, and Khalida Zahir had all become an inspiration to young Hoda, the three women and the members of the SWU had been known throughout Sudan for wearing the traditional white garments for Sudanese women known as thobes, the White Thobes, as they would also be known, would be adopted by Hoda herself.
[list][pre]August, 1956 | Parliament House on Barlaman Avenue, Khartoum Province[/pre]
DAY OF THE VOTE:[/list]
In the middle of August, Hoda and Her mother along with many SWU members in Kadugli would get on the train and leave for an organized demonstration in Khartoum, on the day Parliament was to vote on the womenÂ’s amendment. As the train picked up more demonstrators on the way to Khartoum, a shocking 5,800 demonstrators, the majority of which were women would descend on the streets of the capitol to witness ParliamentÂ’s voting of the WomenÂ’s Amendment. The White Thobe March would be guarded by the Khartoum metropolitan and provincial authorities as well as militias of the communist party loyalists who would be on the frontlines against Nationalists clashes attempting to slow the march to parliament.
Nevertheless, Fatima Talib and her White Thobe sisterhood had made it to the steps of Parliament, as women gave their speeches and gave their chants, reminding the nation of the great women of SudanÂ’s history, the great women of Africa, and the Muslim world, stories were shared of Queen Amanirenas of the Nubians, the Queen of Sheba, Josephine Bakhita, the lady of emancipation in Darfur, Khadijah the first martyr of Islam, and Aisha the great stateswoman and warrior who was the second wife of the Prophet Mohamed peace be upon them. The stories had one theme in common, women of history who have contributed great strides in the history and culture of the region and especially in the very soul of the young Sudanese nation, by then Parliament had made its decision.
In a vote of [ 105-YAYS TO 30-NAYS ], Parliament had reached the 3/4th of the votes needed to establish an amendment to the constitution of Sudan, the Women Amendment had been passed by all members of the coalition government, the communist party, and five breakaway votes from the Nationalist Homeland Party which had largely voted against the amendment alongside the Confluence Nationalists. With the knocking of the Gavel, Speaker George S. Symes would announce to the Sudanese nation that Sudanese women now have the right to vote, and hold public legislative and administrative offices within the local, provincial, and national stages. Fatima would announce this news to thousands of women in their white thobes, followed by an uproar in cheering and excitement from the crowd, the sound of Ululation by women would be heard throughout the streets of the capital, their laughter and joy as their decades-long fight had now finally paid off with this momentous achievement.
Though Fatima Talib and the SWU would still face the issues of equality with men in wages and technical training, and helping to remove illiteracy among Sudanese women, on the other hand however, her comrade Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim, would begin her political career without delay, starting with her admission into the Sudanese communist party alongside many other women. In the south, Liberal Party membership would begin to rise amongst the educated women of the region, though of course, no woman would hold public office as of yet, the incoming 1958 elections are sure to introduce a new era for the Sudanese people, a woman's era.
[list]GOD SAVE THE QUEEN!
AL-NASRU LENA!
AL-NASRU LE SUDAN![/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
French West Africa: Formation of the Protectorate-Colony of Niger
1956
Following the separation of Agadez and Niger, the region had been plunged into a renewed period of political and ethnic instability.
Despite having issues in the past, they werenÂ’t ethnic in nature, rather instead economic, and administrative. Often northerners had felt under funded by the colonial government, and elected colonial government. While High Commissioner Messmer had originally approvedt the separation, with the likelihood of Niger joining the proposed Malian Federation being particularly high. With the failure of the Bamako Conference, Messmer would begin to distance the government away from Senghor intending to instead adopt a more neutral policy towards inner-African politics, as long as they werenÂ’t communist.
This would force colonial officials to once again return to the division of French Niger. There were 3 options that could be put forward.
The first and easiest, was to simply keep the status quo. Send in the French garrisons, mop up the nationalists, and maintain peace. Of course there were glaring issues with this plan, as itÂ’s likely as soon as any form of decolonization happened or some other removal of the garrison, that the two states would erupt into ethnic warfare, and military conflict. Even if FranceÂ’s preferred side won, access to bases, and economic resources would be limited for years.
The second way was to redraw the border based upon popular consensus. By holding fair referendums they could create a stable agreed upon border for all groups. While undeniably better for democracy, allowing natives that much input would favor independence movements, and potentially let them break rank from France.
The final option, and the one the French government ended up approving would be the creation of the Protectorate of Niger.
The protectorate of Niger would be a technical protectorate, but still under French rule from Paris. Under this new protectorate the Tuarag Confederal Groups or EttebelÂ’s would be granted an equal amount of seats.
This Nigerien Parliament would consist of seats for the:
•Kel Ahaggar
•Kel Air
•Damergou
•Kel Ataram
•Kel Dinnik
•Hausa
•Songhai
•Kanuri
Individual states within the colony/protectorate would be granted a considerable degree of autonomy to implement social, developmental, and economic policy, with only issues like foreign policy, defense, and taxation considered national government/colonial issues. This would blur the lines between confederation or federation; however, the relative weakness of the central government meant most saw it as a confederation.
Of course above all of the local and state governments was the colonial appointed Governor-General who could still veto decisions, and was appointed without consent by Paris.
This move to reunite was widely disliked by Nigerien and Agadez Nationalist political parties, as well as, by the High Commissioner and his Gaullists allies in the region who had been humiliated by whole affair in watching their internal reorganization being undone in a year. For local peopleÂ’s they were relatively happy to be united. While there had been friction between the Hausa, Songhai, and Tuaregs they had never escalated into such large amounts of violence as had been seen when they were divided. Furthermore, traditional ways of business and commerce which had taken place for hundreds of years, had been interrupted by new state boundaries, and restrictions.
The irony of the whole situation turned out to be, in division, the Nigeriens found social unity.
Paramountica, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan
| The two would convene for a small moment, exchanging glances and hushed words. |
[list][sup]| Prime Minister LUIGI EINAUDI: |[/sup] "This seems most agreeable. The most important at this moment is, as you said, laying the first stone. We believe a forum officially mediated by a third party would be the best option to start a more perennial dialogue."[/list]
Nonador, Paramountica, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Puerto Somoza, Tallahan
First Representative of Zaire, Mrs. Gloria Banza, receives warm welcome during historic visit to Romania
July 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
| Mrs. Gloria Banza, the First Representative of Zaire, arrived in Bucharest on July 15th, 1956, as part of her European tour. She was greeted by a warm reception from Comrade Constantin Rotaru, the General Secretary of The Communist Party of Romania, President of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly, President of the Socialist Republic of Romania, Supreme Commander of the People's Army, and beloved and esteemed son of the Romanian people.
Her Excellency has chosen The Socialist Republic of Romania as her first Eastern Bloc country which is something worth of celebrating.
| During their meeting, Mrs. Banza and Comrade Rotaru discussed the potential for greater Zaire-Romania trade relations, with Romania opening up its markets for Zairean goods. They also talked about an educational exchange program where Romanian students could attend Zairean universities, and vice versa.
| The visit of Mrs. Banza was met with great enthusiasm by The Communist Party of Romania and the Romanian people. They took to the streets to show their respect and admiration for her., waving banners and flags of both Romania and Zaire. In recognition of her visit, Her Excellency was invited to attend a concert inside the Romanian Athenaeum in Bucharest.
| The concert was a beautiful display of Romanian music and culture. Mrs. Banza was in awe of the beautiful building and the performance that was put on for her. She was impressed by the talent and passion of the Romanian musicians.
After the concert, Mrs. Banza and Comrade Rotaru had a private meeting to discuss the specifics of their trade and educational exchange program. Both parties were excited about the prospect of improving relations between Zaire and Romania.
Constantin Rotaru, beloved and esteemed son of the Romanian people:
"It is with great pleasure that I extend my sincere thanks to you for your visit to our beautiful country. Your visit marks a new era of cooperation and friendship between Zaire and Romania, and we are excited to see what the future holds.
During our discussions, we have explored the potential for greater Zaire-Romania trade relations, with Romania opening up its markets for Zairean goods. We have also discussed an educational exchange program where Romanian students can attend Zairean universities, and vice versa. These initiatives will help foster a deeper understanding between our two nations and contribute to the growth of both our economies.
I would like to assure you that Romania is devoted to developing warm relations between our two states. We share many common goals and aspirations, and I believe that through our joint efforts, we can build a better future for both our peoples. It was a great pleasure to meet you and have talks with one of the strongest women of the 20th Century."
Her Excellency, Mrs. Gloria Banza, First Representative of Zaire:
"Ideology does not make us stop being human. We are all people of the same planet and respect, empathy and compassion are our virtues. We may be thousand miles apart but only the difference between us is that I swim in the Atlantic Ocean and you swim in the Black Sea. Romania is a nation of beauty, gratitude and potential. We may not see eye to eye in our believes of political nature but by all means are we brothers and sisters that stand upon the principles of justice and equality. You are all magnificent people and your rich history showcases that. It was an honour to meet you, and to tour the beauty that your country has to offer."
"Traiasca Partidul Comunist Roman in frunte cu al sau General Secretar, Tovarasul Constantin Rotaru, iubit si stimat conducator al Republicii Socialiste Romania! "
July 1956
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan
[list]August 1956
[sub]Not One Step Back[/sub][/list]
[list][list][pre]प्रधान मंत्री जवाहरलाल नेहरू ने पाकिस्तानी सीमा पर तैनाती की निंदा की, भारतीय रक्षा बलों को शामिल किया
PRIME MINISTER JAWAHARLAL NEHRU CONDEMNS PAKISTANI BORDER DEPLOYMENTS, ENGAGES INDIAN DEFENSE FORCES[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][sub]AUGUST 1956 | अगस्त 1956[/sub][/list]
[list] | [sub]In light of recent 'severe' mobilization of Pakistani military forces to the borders between the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Republic of India, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru convened a meeting of the relevant national security councils and directed the Ministry of Defense - in charge primarily for logistics and defense forces organization - to brief top members of the Lok Sabha and India's Union leadership on the situation. The Indian government was currently facing the crisis of well over 30,000 Pakistani security forces on high alert along the Indian border; an extremely concerning sign. The Prime Minister before the day's end sat down with President Mahatma Gandhi and his chief security advisor to discuss the possibility of mobilizing Indian defense forces in immediate reaction to the 'potential for armed incursions into Indian territory by rogue Pakistani military elements'. Gandhi as Union President was not a decisionmaker in this situation, but nonetheless affirmed his 'continued support for nonviolence'. He, however, granted his support for 'any decision that the Prime Minister and his government wish to undertake for the defense of the Indian people and peace on the subcontinent'.[/sub] |
| [sub]Within hours of the announcement of the mobilization of Iranian military forces to the Pakistani border, Prime Minister Nehru would issue a similar order to the following Indian military units and divisions to immediately deploy on high alert in defensive posture to border regions. The order would be ratified within hours and by the end of the day, the deployed units would begin rolling out.[/sub] |
[list][pre]22nd Ground Division - 8,000 personnel - Forward positions at Kargil
19th Infantry Division - 13,000 personnel - To Dharamshala
12th Artillery Division - 8,000 personnel - Rajouri
101st Security Brigade - 2,000 personnel - Amritsar
102nd Security Brigade - 4,000 personnel - Pathankot
103rd Security Brigade - 4,000 personnel - Jammu
23rd Guards Division - 12,000 personnel - Srinagar[/pre][/list]
| [sub]Indian Air Force (IAF) forward defense squadrons in the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab would also be placed on high alert. Security forces already stationed in Gujarat around Bhuj and Rajkot would also receive immediate security briefings on the situation, while Rajasthan garrisons would be directed to begin operations to ensure a tightening of intelligence security. The Prime Minister would issue the initial order for the first batch (above) of security deployments, but would immediately begin coordination with the military General Staff on potential additional deployments to reinforce Gujarat and the area around Haryana, just north of Delhi.[/sub] |
| [sub]Foreign policy wise, the Indian Foreign Ministry would initiate the opening of secure lines of communication with neighboring Iran, with whom Pakistan is also initiating troop deployments. The appropriate ambassadors would be informed of the ongoing situation, but overall the Defense Ministry would work to keep Indian deployments under wraps as much as possible. A public statement would be released, however, informing military families of the deployments to 'bolster border regions in light of potential security threats being identified by Indian forces'. Issuing a public statement, Nehru condemned Pakistan's border deployments, calling it 'aggressive and absolutely uncalled for'. He furthermore affirmed India's 'continued commitment' to national defense and to regional peace and security, stating that 'any disruption to the peace of the region would result in a furthermore complicated situation'.[/sub] | [/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Somerania, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan
Cereosly
[list][list][sub]THE INSULT[/sub]
L'INSULTO
[/list][/list]
[list]ROMA, REGNO D'ITALIA
[sub]Palazzo del Viminale
[nation=flag]Arcanda[/nation][/sub]
| The "Dam of Shame" had long been anticipated by authorities in Rome, but news of its inauguration still brought a new wave of outrage at what many called an insult — An insult hurled at Italians and at the memory of the "Sacred River", where, in 1918, during two bloody battles, nearly 20,000 Italians fell while stopping Austro-Hungarian advances. A patriotic song, extremely famous before the war, is even derived from it, the Leggenda del Piave, said to be a favorite of King Umberto II, and which was nearly chosen as the anthem of the rejuvenated Kingdom after 1946. In more physical terms, the extent of the damage was yet untold; beyond the few Alpine villages, whose inhabitants working in small-scale agriculture, forestry or tourism, would feel the brunt of the water shortages, the entire valley would be affected. The effects on the world-famous Veneto wine, and on the budding agricultural industry in the region near the coast, were expected to be dire, with sometimes twice the cost in irrigation now asked to the farmers, and volumes of water more than halved for most of them. Dedicated funds to alleviate their plight had passed Parliament months ago, but only the largest estates ever received a sliver of the money, with most being left to fend for themselves. Water shortages were already felt in the region, but the inauguration once again put the event at the forefront of the Italo-Slovene rift and onto all the headlines. |
| In Rome, the most virulent anti-Slovenes found themselves vindicated and attacked the Einaudi cabinet for not acting. Some lone yet powerful voices asked for Italian withdrawal from the EEC — An unlikely prospect not considered by many — while others, like Monarchist Party head Alfredo Covelli, declared the dam to be an "insult to the very character of Italians". As a result of the outrage, but mostly of a longstanding government policy as well, Rome renewed its complaints: One was sent to Ljubljana, and another to each member of the EEC. It calls attention to the grave agricultural concerns and the dubious motives of the dam, denounced as a weaponization of nature by a supposedly allied country. Punitive measures were taken: The border with Slovenia [sup][nation=short]Amsterwald[/nation][/sup] is to be entirely shut down for civilian transit, without exception, for the remainder of the year, and a state decree was passed mandating a two-week period of immobilization for all commercial goods crossing the border on grounds of sanitary inspections. Of course, no inspections were to take place at all. What little trade was accomplished between the two nations would instead grind to a halt, as well as everything in transit from Slovenia to other European countries. Fruits, vegetables, meat and dairy would quickly spoil amid the summer heat. Rarely, but enough to cause some financial pain to the concerned parties, crates containing fragile wares from Slovenia would be smashed on the ground in a series of "unfortunate accidents", if reports by the Carabinieri are to be trusted. While Italy would be little affected by this due to its lackluster trade relationship with its Alpine neighbor, countries trading with Slovenia through Italy's northern half — Like France [sup][nation=short]Metropolitan Francais[/nation][/sup], Switzerland or Spain [sup][nation=short]Spainard[/nation][/sup] — would be the unlucky collateral victims of this policy, set to end on next January, as they would receive only spoiled food, and as all orders would be delayed by two weeks. |[/list]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty
[/sub]EVVIVA L'ITALIA!
—]
[nation]AbaBemba[/nation]
[nation]Adriatican Islands[/nation]
[nation]Alzarikstan[/nation]
[nation]Amsterwald[/nation]
[nation]Anglo Channel[/nation]
[nation]Arcanda[/nation]
[nation]Bayern Kahla[/nation]
[nation]Bescania[/nation]
[nation]Brazil Toucan[/nation]
[nation]Canovia[/nation]
[nation]Cascadla[/nation]
[nation]Central Arstotzka[/nation]
[nation]Connomia[/nation]
[nation]East Germany DDR[/nation]
[nation]Great Britain GB[/nation]
[nation]Greater Kurdistane[/nation]
[nation]Hashemite Kingdoms[/nation]
[nation]Hatzburg[/nation]
[nation]Honghai[/nation]
[nation]Israelli[/nation]
[nation]Kewtpuff[/nation]
[nation]Kotakuan II[/nation]
[nation]La Granadinas[/nation]
[nation]Ma-li[/nation]
[nation]Maziya[/nation]
[nation]Metropolitan Francais[/nation]
[nation]Moroavia[/nation]
[nation]Nevbrejnovitz[/nation]
[nation]New Provenance[/nation]
[nation]Nileia[/nation]
[nation]Nippon-Nihon[/nation]
[nation]Nonador[/nation]
[nation]Nosautempopulus[/nation]
[nation]OsivoII[/nation]
[nation]Paramountica[/nation]
[nation]Paseo[/nation]
[nation]Peking Zhongguo[/nation]
[nation]Pontianus[/nation]
[nation]Provenancia[/nation]
[nation]Ranponian[/nation]
[nation]Reyzen[/nation]
[nation]Rutannia[/nation]
[nation]Socialist Democratic Republic Romania[/nation]
[nation]Spainard[/nation]
[nation]Sri-Lanka[/nation]
[nation]Sudesam[/nation]
[nation]Taiiwan[/nation]
[nation]Teymour[/nation]
[nation]The Black Star-[/nation]
[nation]The Sun States[/nation]
[nation]Turkiye 1st[/nation]
[nation]Ubertica[/nation]
[nation]Vancouver Straits[/nation]
[nation]Victoria Harbor[/nation]
[nation]Vietnam SV[/nation]
[nation]Virnall[/nation]
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Nonador, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan
PAUL-HENRI SPAAK, Foreign Minister of the Benelux; ”Excellent my friends… excellent!”
[list][pre]The trio would continue in their conversation, around the contours of this summit, before the meeting drew to a close. Upon shaking the hands of his peers, Spaak would be transported back to the port where the Squadron would continue their tour of the Mediterranean.[/pre][/list]
Arcanda, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Brazil Toucan
[list][list]FEBRUARY 1956
[sub]TAMADON-E BOZORG[/sub][/list]
[sub][pre] H O V E Y D A' S L E G A C Y [/pre][/sub]
[list][list][sub][pre]O Cyrus, Great King, King of Kings
Achaemenian King, King of the Land of Iran.
I, Shahanshah of Iran, offer thee salutations from myself and from my nation.
Rest in Peace, for we are awake, and we will always stay awake.[/pre][/sub][/list][/list]
TEHRAN,
[sub]Alzarikstan[/sub]
[list][pre]IRANIAN ROCKET & MISSILE PROGRAM EXPANSION APPROVES NEW PROJECTS![/pre][/list]
| The Ministry of Defense along with officials of the Iranian defense industry in conjunction with assistance from the Nonador and Amsterwald has announced intentions and initial frameworks toward the blueprinting and testing of Iranian produced SAMs (surface-to-air missiles). The Ministry of Defense announced that the Iranian SAMs will be referred to as Ferdous (Paradise), or simply abbreviated as “F”; therefore, the first SAM that is currently being researched is the F-62 Aseman. The Aseman will be an Iranian-designed, high-altitude air defense system, built around a surface-to-air missile with command guidance. With coordination among engineers and specialists, the specifications for the F-62 Aseman are as follows regarding the missile: |
[list][list][pre]Operating Crew: 7
Length: 37 feet
Width: 2 feet
Operating Weight: 3.3 tons
Weight: 4,765 lb
Length: 480 in
Diameter: 24 in
Warhead: Frag-HE
Warhead weight: 440 lb
Detonation mechanism: Command
Propellant: Solid-fuel booster and a storable liquid-fuel upper stage
Operational Range: 15 mi
Flight altitude: 53,000 ft
Speed: Mach 2.3
Guidance system: Radio control command guidance
Accuracy: 44 m
Launch platform: Single rail, ground mounted[/pre][/list][/list]
| Additionally, Iran has begun the research and development process for two new domestic small arms projects: the Ramsar M60 Machine Gun and the Naranj Bon SH-601 Pump Shotgun: |
[list][pre]Ramsar M60 Machine Gun[/pre][/list]
[list][list][pre]Firing Action: Gas-Operated; Open Bolt
Available Caliber(s): 7.62x51mm
Ammunition Count / Feed: Disintegrating link belt of various counts
Overall Length: 1,105 mm (43.50 inches)
Barrel Length: 560 mm (22.05 inches)
Weight (Empty): 23.17 lb (10.51 kg)
Sighting Assist: Rear Adjustable; Forward Fixed[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][pre]Naranj Bon SH-601 Pump Shotgun[/pre][/list]
[list][list][pre]Firing Action: Manually-Operated Pump-Action Slide
Available Caliber(s): 12-, 16-, 20 or 28-gauge; .410 bore
Ammunition Count / Feed: 5-Round Tubular Magazine
Overall Length: 1,282 mm (50.47 inches)
Barrel Length: 762 mm (30.00 inches)
Weight (Empty): 7.05 lb (3.20 kg)
Sighting Assist: Base Iron; Optional Optics[/pre][/list][/list]
__________
Nonador, Arcanda, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Brazil Toucan
Post self-deleted by Sudesam.
[list] گوادر | GWADAR
[sub]PRANKED: OPERATION CLEANUP[/sub][/list][/list]
[list][sub]|After the recent Pakistani deployments amidst the current tensions in the Greater Middle East, it had managed to blend with the rest of the turmoil such as Kurdish border escalations and the chaos in Egypt in the Suez Crisis. Recent Pakistani mobilizations diverted its neighborsÂ’ tensions to their borders, but the true target lay in Gwadar, which had recently gained independence with Oman from the Saudi Arabians. Pakistani-Indian tensions were defused temporarily in order to ensure a lack of interference, so the route was clear. On top of that, recent attempts to negotiate the return of Gwadar to Pakistan were outright rejected by the Omanis, forcing the Pakistani hand. The Following Forces would deploy:|
Army Forces deployed:
2nd Special Forces Battalion
23rd Infantry Battalion
5th Tank Battalion
Naval Forces Deployed:
2 Battle-class destroyers
1 Frigate
Airborne Enforcements:
7 Handley Page Halifax
18 North American F-86 Sabre
[/sub][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
Great Pakistani Nation
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan
Post self-deleted by Sudesam.
GWADAR IS OURS
[list][sub]| The Pakistani Defence Minister, Ayub Khan, had done his masterstroke and unexpectedly began threatening the Omani government in Gwadar. This came after a long series of military escalations with his neighbors, meant to confuse the British, the Iranians, and Indians, from knowing his true plans, which ultimately worked. The Omani government was caught with its pants down and was forced to the negotiating table. After short talks, they agreed to sell Gwadar for 3 million USD, financed entirely from Aga Khan IV's pockets, a religious leader closely affiliated with the government. The invasion did not have to go through, but the 3 battalions would occupy Gwadar just in case and plunder any leftover Saudi money in the area. Meanwhile, Pakistan would affirm previous Saudi Arabian economic reforms in the area, and continue the construction plans, as they found the blueprints in an abandoned office building. All military infrastructure would be occupied with haste, as well as any leftover military equipment in the area. By the end of August 14th, Pakistan's independence day, the Green and White flag would rise, as the streets of all of Pakistan nationwide celebrated and rejoiced, for hope remains in its destiny.|[/sub][/list]
[list][sub]| Meanwhile, efforts to reintegrate the city would commence immediately. Gwadar would accede to the Makran district, and be declared a tehsil. Meanwhile, the Pakistani government, despite its left-leaning tendencies, decided to adopt the Saudi policy on Gwadar, in order to make the best out of it. Gwadar had occupied an important position at the mouth of the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea and was the only deep sea port in the area around the Straits of Hormuz. Saudi Arabians had already built the infrastructure necessary, but Pakistan had the mixed economy necessary to ensure its maximum growth. Gwadar would be declared a Special Economic Zone, as well as a Free Trade Zone being constructed adjacent to it to attract maximum investment. The harbor deal with Greater Kurdistane would be maintained, as it at least brought one guaranteed customer and built legitimacy for it. Ultimately, the venture was an unusual Pakistani military and diplomatic success, and would significantly boost the Awami League's popularity amongst the people. |[/sub][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]written for the [/sub]
voices
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Somerania, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Greater Kurdistane, Krasnikholmsk
Another Omani Khawarij L
Kewtpuff, Sudesam, Greater Kurdistane
Actions Have Consequences, Señor OdrÃa
[list][list][sub]September 1956[/sub][/list][/list]
[sub]It has been two months since the 18th July, the day Nicolás Lindsey Lopez seized control of the Confederation of the Andes in a coup d'état orchestrated by the SecretarÃa de Inteligencia, La Plata's premier intelligence agency. The former Supreme Protector and founder of the Confederation, Manuel Arturo OdrÃa Amoretti, was placed under house arrest soon after stepping down due to a coordinated effort by the Andes military and bribed government officials on the La Platan payroll. Protected by members of the elite Guardia Confederal, OdrÃa has been held up at his home in La Paz under strict surveillance as forces beyond his control have been sympathetic to his reinstatement as Supreme Protector. Indeed, the new government of Lopez is a fragile one as the overthrow of OdrÃa, the founder of the Andes Confederation, was seen as widely unpopular. Any move by sympathizers loyal to OdrÃa could be detrimental.[/sub]
[list][list]Former Supreme Protector Manuel Arturo OdrÃa Amoretti's Home, La Paz, Allbania[/list][/list]
[sub]The man who was once leader of the Andes Confederation could be seen sitting in his living room listening to the radio, sipping his tea, as he ponders what will become of his nation. Ever since his house arrest, he has been under strict observation and has become depressed as a result. The former Andes strongman and revolutionary sighs as he takes another sip of his earl grey tea.[/sub]
[list][sub]Manuel Arturo OdrÃa Amoretti, Former Supreme Protector of the Andes: "MarÃa?" The former supreme protector calls out to his wife, "could you be a dear and bring me fresh cup of tea, this one has gotten cold."[/sub][/list]
[sub]MarÃa laughs from the kitchen as she looks through the pass-through and smiles at her husband, rolling her eyes as she does so.[/sub]
[list][sub]MarÃa Delgado Romero, Former Wife of OdrÃa: "Mi amor, why did you let your tea get cold? Have you been thinking things over again? I told you not to do that, no use in worrying about what you can't change." She sighs, "Let us thank God for every day of peace we hav-"[/sub][/list]
[sub]OdrÃa cuts his wife off as he gets up quickly, pointing at her accusingly. He's under a considerable amount of stress, something his wife has been brushing off, or perhaps trying to distract her husband from.[/sub]
[list][sub]Manuel Arturo OdrÃa Amoretti, Former Supreme Protector of the Andes: "Don't tell me to thank God, woman! What is there to be thankful for? The guards in front of our house? Or the fact that I don't know if I will live every morning I wake up?" He clenches his fists in sheer anger as he walks toward his wife, his eyes wet with tears. "I founded this nation, I founded it MarÃa! I created the Andes Confederation and this is what they do to me?!"[/sub][/list]
[list][sub]MarÃa Delgado Romero, Former Wife of OdrÃa: "Manuel, please.."[/sub][/list]
[list][sub]Manuel Arturo OdrÃa Amoretti, Former Supreme Protector of the Andes: "No, MarÃa! We can't see our children, our grandchildren, we can't leave our home. What kind of life is this? It was probably the Americans, damn them. Damn them all."[/sub][/list]
[sub]The wife of the founder of the Andes looks at him with a soft expression on her face as she tries to smile assuredly, slowly lifting her hands and reaching out for his through the pass-through. Her husband sighs as he extends his own hands toward his wife, embracing her through the window and kissing her.[/sub]
[list][sub]MarÃa Delgado Romero, Former Wife of OdrÃa: "I'll go pour you a fresh cup of tea, go sit down and relax okay? We'll figure this out together."[/sub][/list]
[sub]With that, OdrÃa slowly nods with a weak smile as he makes his way back to his couch and takes a seat. He then reaches for a newspaper on the coffee table and begins reading. 10 minutes pass and the former strongman of the Andes realizes his wife has been silent for quite some time. Lowering his newspaper, he calls out to his wife. "MarÃa?" No reply. "MarÃa? My tea? How long does it take to pour tea it's been 10 minutes." Still no reply.. "MarÃa Delgado Romero, are you even listening?" OdrÃa would get up and make his way to the kitchen, cold cup of tea in hand. What he sees next causes him to drop his teacup onto the floor, shattering it. "Mierda-"[/sub]
[sub]Sitting before him tied up to one of the kitchen chairs is his wife, her mouth duct taped, and her hands bound behind her to prevent her from moving. "Mmmph!" In an instant, OdrÃa would spot a man wearing a rib-knit three-hole balaclava walk into the kitchen from from the other side and stand behind his wife, placing his hands on her shoulders.[/sub]
[sub]"I wouldn't move if I were you, Señor." Seconds later, OdrÃa would feel the cold barrel of a gun against the back of his neck. Clearly there was someone behind him, but the mere shock of the situation prevents him from speaking further. He just blankly stares ahead toward the masked man. "Hands up or she dies. We have no business with her, but we also have no problem with collateral damage if necessary." OdrÃa recognizes the dialect of Spanish the man behind him is speaking, it isn't Peruvian or Bolivian, it's Chilean. La Platans? It can't be! He silently raises his hands and complies with the individual. In an instant the man guides both of OdrÃa's hands behind him, cuffing the Manuel Arturo OdrÃa Amoretti like he's some kind of criminal.[/sub]
[list][sub]Manuel Arturo OdrÃa Amoretti, Former Supreme Protector of the Andes: "Y-Your accent.. It's Chilean. Y-You're La Platan- Were you sent by Lopez to get rid of me?"[/sub][/list]
[sub]The masked man chuckles as he yanks on the cuffs around OdrÃa's hands, pulling him away from the kitchen and onto a nearby sofa. He then steps back and nods at his partner to enter the living room.[/sub]
[list][sub]The Masked Man: "Did you honestly think could just live out your life without any repercussions? Nicolás Lindsey Lopez is not your biggest problem right now. Señor, Presidente Juan Domingo Perón is a very very angry man. Actions have consequences."[/sub][/list]
[sub]OdrÃa's eyes widen at the mention of the La Platan dictator's name. He's completely dumbfounded. Perón? Was he behind Lopez's takeover of the nation? How could this be? Why? Questions were swirling in the former Andes' leader's head as he tried to understand what Perón had against him. Then it suddenly dawned on OdrÃa, the Andes itself. The formation of the Andes was something the La Platan tyrant never expected. He was a dead man from the start.[/sub]
[list][sub]The Masked Man: "Come on then, on your feet." The masked man would turn to face his partner as he snaps for him to grab some duct tape. After a few moments, the second masked individual returns with the duct tape roll used to silence MarÃa and tapes OdrÃa's mouth shut as he yanks him up to his feet. "Any sign of resistance out of you and she dies."[/sub][/list]
[sub]The masked man and his partner in crime make their way toward the front door with OdrÃa and open it. Two members of the Guardia Confederal stand at the entrance, seemingly part of the plot as they pay no attention to either OdrÃa or the masked individuals as they make their way down the steps leading to the drive way. Awaiting them is a midnight black 1950 Mercedes-Benz 170S Sedan. OdrÃa is quickly escorted through the open rear passenger side door and shoved into the vehicle as another individual already in the car, grabs ahold of him and holds him in place as one of the other men enter behind OdrÃa and sit beside him, leading to the former supreme protector's flanking on each side by agents of the La Platan SecretarÃa de Inteligencia. Finally, the man who spoke to him inside the house opens the driver's side door and gets into the vehicle, starting the ignition before pulling out of the driveway hastily. As the car makes its way down the road, a potato sack is placed on onto OdrÃa's head to prevent him from knowing where they are going. After 2 hours of driving, the men reach a small airstrip and park beside a La Platan IA 45 Querandi that is ready for takeoff.[/sub]
[list][sub]The Masked Man: "Well done gentlemen." The masked man driving would take off his ski mask, revealing himself to be none other than 41 year old Augusto Pinochet, La Platan intelligence officer working for the S.I. and former veteran of the Second World War. "Well done."
[/sub][/list]
[list][list]Air Force installation, Just outside of Salta, Kewtpuff[/list][/list]
[sub]After what seemed like several hours, the small IA 45 Querandi transporting the former Andes Supreme Protector and his captors touches down at the Fuerza Aérea de la Plata's landing facility 30 kilometers outside of Salta. As the plane slows to a halt, the cargo hold door opens and a bagged OdrÃa is escorted out of the plane by Pinochet and several of his fellow S.I. officers, now unmasked. The men lead the former supreme protector into a nearby warehouse, potato sack still over his head, seemingly getting ready to break the man who founded the Andes Confederation. No one escapes Perón's wrath. A potential rival for the new Lopez administration cannot and will not be tolerated. a Friendly Andes is paramount and Buenos Aires will look to silence all those who attempt to challenge the new Government in La Paz. For the President of the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata, there can be no rest until the monstrosity that is the Andes Confederation, is brought to heel. Thus far, Nicolás Lindsey Lopez has played his part well. For now, he is the Supreme Protector of the Andes and Perón is the supreme guarantor of the new Lopez Government.[/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Tallahan, Maziya, Brazil Toucan
Assembled with Dot's Region Saver.
Written by Refuge Isle.