Post Archive
Region: Commonwealth of Liberty
[list]August 1958
[sub]Wary Eye East[/sub][/list]
[pre]H U N G A R Y I N N O T E[/pre]
| The German government has been pointing an extremely wary and skeptical eye to the Eastern Bloc as of late in light of reports of military mobilization into Hungary amidst further reports of civil unrest. Some in Bonn interpreted it as the end of Soviet domination over the Eastern Bloc, for one revolution was bound to trigger others across te Warsaw Pact. But, it was well-known in the true halls of power that, in the end, that was just wishful thinking. More likely than not, German intelligence reports concluded, the Soviets would succeed in their endeavor to 'keep the Eastern Bloc together' despite the unrest. Now, the attention turned towards keeping Germany on her toes concerning national defense. An overwhelming majority of Germans felt that the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics posed 'a significant threat' to German society and to German national security, while 63% supported stronger measures to empower the Bundeswehr - the German armed forces. |
| This had been a major campaign premise during the 1957 federal elections, where Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's Christian Democrats (CDU/CSU) successfully pitched the opposition Social Democrats under Erich Ollenhauer and Willy Brandt as weak on defense and sympathetic towards the Soviet Union. Aside from strong economic performance under Adenauer's government, many analysts pointed to national defense and position on Communist influence and the Soviet Union as a key deciding factor in who voters cast their ballots for in the previous general election. |
| With the public strongly in favor of stronger measures on the military, the German Christian Democrats with their coalition partners the Christian Social Union (CSU) and the Free Democrats (FDP) introduced measures that would reform training protocols, boost funding for advanced defense technology programmes, and most importantly, establish a Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) that would train college students to become non-commissioned officers in the Bundeswehr upon graduation. A national public advertisement campaign to pitch the Bundeswehr as a force that 'educated the youth' and 'built great young men' was also planned to boost recruitment numbers to help the Army reach their annual recruitment targets, which they were underperforming by 11% at worst and breaking even at best. |
| The Social Democratic opposition and 4 out of the 5 Independent deputies in the Bundestag argued their best against the bill. They particularly targeted the ROTC establishment proposal, declaring that it would cost significantly more than the Adenauer government was stating, and that it 'severely interrupted the job path' - the path from education to entering the workforce with a paying job. Christian Democrats fought back, stating that the Army itself counted as a job, and accusing the Social Democrats of opposing the 'defense of the German people'. A right-wing Christian Democrat deputy was caught saying that the SPD were 'bankrolled by Moscow' in a highly publicized leak that shocked many in the German public. Nonetheless, however, public opinion was still sharply against the SPD's conciliatory defense and foreign policies, and thus the CDU and her partners eventually won out on the debate. |
| Despite all this, however, and all the rhetoric on the legislative floor, there was general and common consensus that the situation in Hungary was of note to the German government. Germany's intelligence agencies were dispatched to carry out investigation from afar, and to gauge whether the deployment of Soviet and Warsaw Pact forces into the country could pose a potential security risk to the country. Despite the public antics, the larger German political parties generally agreed that the Soviet Union was a threat, and the recent bill would go 'at least some way' towards ensuring the safety of German citizens. In Die Zeit, it was reported that; |
[list][pre]A deputy for the Social Democrats, who spoke with us on condition of anonymity, has said that his party chose to oppose the defense bill "...largely over spending concerns". He stated that his party had "no issue" with strengthening the military, but that "fiscal responsibility" must be practiced.[/pre][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Amsterwald, Osivoii, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Hatzburg, Brazil Toucan, Hong Kong Delta, Hollyend
[list]MAY 1958
[sub]GENERAL ELECTION 1958[/sub][/list]
[pre]NOBUSUKE KISHI & LDP WIN 1958 GENERAL ELECTION![/pre]
NATIONAL DIET BUILDING
[sub]TOKYO, Nippon-Nihon MORNING[/sub]
[sub]It has been well over a year since Nobusuke Kishi assumed the position of Prime Minister since the resignation of Mamoru Shigemitsu in early 1957. Since then, the ultra conservative and controversial politician began to shift Japans mostly pacifist government policies into one that reflected his own personal interests such as pardoning Class B & C war criminals and maintaining Japanese traditional values rather than values influenced by Western powers. Nonetheless, the leadership of Nobusuke Kishi cemented the LDPs power over Japanese politics and everyday life in both rural and urban Japan. With a focus on bettering relations with Southeast Asia by pursuing lucrative trade deals and partnerships and pursuing a more independent foreign policy away from the United States, Kishis government also began to take a special interest towards the brewing tensions within Korea, although secret in nature and only known to certain cabinet members.[/sub]
[sub]Despite the controversies surrounding Kishi, the long-time politician would prove his capabilities of being Prime Minister by leading the LDP to their election victory, securing the majority within the House of Representatives (298 seats). Although losing 10 seats to other parties such as the Japan Socialist Party and Independents the victory of the Liberal Democratic Party ensured Japans position as a western-align nation and to curb any chances of leftist parties gaining power within Japans political system.[/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Hatzburg, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta, India77 Op U
[list][list][pre]B E N E L U X[/pre][sub]21 February 1957[/sub][/list]
HET HART VAN EUROPA THE KINGDOM OF THE BENELUX;
[sub]Dispatch Work[/sub]
[pre] [/pre]
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1882149
____________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Greater Kurdistane, Hatzburg, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta
[list][list][sub]25.𝚅.1958[/sub]
[sub]LE ELEZIONI DEL '58: L'ASCESA DI FANFANI[/sub]
THE '58 ELECTION: FANFANI'S RISE[/list]
[list][list][pre]Prime Minister Adone Zoli exits the stage,
In comes Amintore Fanfani,
Leading the DC to victory.
[/pre][/list][/list]
ROMA, REGNO D'ITALIA
[sub][nation=flag]Arcanda[/nation][/sub][/list]
[list]| Five years ago, the last general election held in the Kingdom affirmed Alcide de Gasperi's fin de règne. The idealist yet impotent statesman had died a year later, and is now remembered by most as an ineffectual leader One that paved the way for five years of instability under three different Prime Ministers Pella, Einaudi and Zoli five years where the country was torn over the issue of Slovenia, and ever more alienated from its neighbors and allies. With Slovenia's accession to NATO at last, the issue had been virtually put to rest, signalling that the government had reneged on its pledges to reclaim Istria and Venezia Giulia. This seismic change in policy had buried the last hopes of the Italians residing in Slovenia, prompting a massive exodus and, as a result, worsening regional tensions between North and South. It was amid this mediocre political climate that the '58 general elections would take place. The ruling DC would see a change of leadership, as it is now helmed by Amintore Fanfani, a former de Gasperi protégé who had already been Party leader for four years. |
[list]𝑬𝑳𝑬𝒁𝑰𝑶𝑵𝑰 𝑷𝑶𝑳𝑰𝑻𝑰𝑪𝑯𝑬
GENERAL ELECTION
[sub]Chamber of Deputies (596 seats) Senate (246 seats)[/sub]
[sub]MAY 1958
[*] Christian Democracy, DC : 273 (CoD) 123 (S)
[*] Italian Communist Party, PCI : 140 59
[*] Socialist Party, PSI : 84 35
[*] Monarchist National Party, PNM : 17 14
[*] Italian Social Movement, MSI : 24 8
[*] Social Democratic Party, PSDI : 22 5
-
Turnout : 93.8%[/sub][/list]
| As it turned out, the feared far-right reaction to the end of the Slovene episode did not occur And as the results were announced, all would note that very little had changed since the last election. The DC has now fortified its grip on power, ensuring through its loyal base and generous help to local politicians that it would remain in power against the fragmented left. It would not be an easy tenure for Fanfani, however, as already many within the DC are preparing a drawn-out battle against a Prime Minister seen as too interventionist and reformist. Indeed, Einaudi, a stern classical liberal, had ensured minimal government intervention in private affairs, favored businesses large and small, and kept an immaculate budget devoid of debt or excess. His vision of a perfectly liberal state, wherein laissez-faire would ultimately be the norm, is now under attack by Fanfani. Fanfani, a new breed of Catholic politician, who has been quoted recently as saying that "Christianity and capitalism are the least compatible systems", seems determined to ensure better wealth distribution and a stronger government presence. Whether he will succeed or not when faced with the strong right-leaning factions within the all-encompassing DC remains to be seen. Meanwhile, a few other trends could be noticed by the keen observer The meager rise of the MSI, the collapse of the Republican Party, and the stagnation of the Monarchist Party, signalling decreasing public interest for questions related to Slovenia and the Monarchy. |[/list]
[list][list][pre]▌ R.A.I. Radiotelevisione italiana
[ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3lPYsO4y5c ][/pre]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty
[/sub]EVVIVA L'ITALIA!
]
[nation]AbaBemba[/nation]
[nation]Adriatican Islands[/nation]
[nation]Alzarikstan[/nation]
[nation]Amsterwald[/nation]
[nation]Anglo Channel[/nation]
[nation]Arcanda[/nation]
[nation]Bayern Kahla[/nation]
[nation]Bescania[/nation]
[nation]Brazil Toucan[/nation]
[nation]Canovia[/nation]
[nation]Cascadla[/nation]
[nation]Central Arstotzka[/nation]
[nation]Connomia[/nation]
[nation]East Germany DDR[/nation]
[nation]Great Britain GB[/nation]
[nation]Greater Kurdistane[/nation]
[nation]Hashemite Kingdoms[/nation]
[nation]Hatzburg[/nation]
[nation]Honghai[/nation]
[nation]Israelli[/nation]
[nation]Kewtpuff[/nation]
[nation]Kotakuan II[/nation]
[nation]La Granadinas[/nation]
[nation]Ma-li[/nation]
[nation]Maziya[/nation]
[nation]Metropolitan Francais[/nation]
[nation]Moroavia[/nation]
[nation]Nevbrejnovitz[/nation]
[nation]New Provenance[/nation]
[nation]Nileia[/nation]
[nation]Nippon-Nihon[/nation]
[nation]Nonador[/nation]
[nation]Nosautempopulus[/nation]
[nation]OsivoII[/nation]
[nation]Paramountica[/nation]
[nation]Paseo[/nation]
[nation]Peking Zhongguo[/nation]
[nation]Pontianus[/nation]
[nation]Provenancia[/nation]
[nation]Ranponian[/nation]
[nation]Reyzen[/nation]
[nation]Rutannia[/nation]
[nation]Socialist Democratic Republic Romania[/nation]
[nation]Spainard[/nation]
[nation]Sri-Lanka[/nation]
[nation]Sudesam[/nation]
[nation]Taiiwan[/nation]
[nation]Teymour[/nation]
[nation]The Black Star-[/nation]
[nation]The Sun States[/nation]
[nation]Turkiye 1st[/nation]
[nation]Ubertica[/nation]
[nation]Vancouver Straits[/nation]
[nation]Victoria Harbor[/nation]
[nation]Vietnam SV[/nation]
[nation]Virnall[/nation]
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Nonador, Paramountica, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta
[list][list][sub]𝙸𝚇.1958[/sub]
[sub]L'« EUROMANIA » SI FA STRADA[/sub]
"EUROMANIA" SWEEPS ITALY[/list]
[list][list][pre]A new interest for European affairs,
A Mayor's overture to Slovenia.
[/pre][/list][/list]
ROMA, REGNO D'ITALIA
[sub][nation=flag]Arcanda[/nation][/sub][/list]
[list]| It would be, as many would note, a surprising turn of events after the bitter disputes involving Italy, Slovenia, and sometimes other European neighbors A trend reversal, of which history had always kept the secret. As the latest general election had shown, the public outrage at the Alpine neighbor had been but an epiphenomenon of sorts, a short burst of political activity spearheaded by militants and radicals There had been no surge in fascist movements, nor violent reactions. While the territorial loss still caused some amount of negativity, Italy's traditionally high level of patriotism had been dampened by the still-vivid memories of the war, and the newfound benefits of reconstruction. From South to North, animosity would decrease and most surprisingly, many middle- and upper-class Italians, especially in the industrial North, would find themselves with a new passion, termed l'Euromania by observers and newspapers. Centering around two liberal, progressive weekly magazines L'Europeo and L'Espresso, respectively selling 400,000 and 60,000 copies, rivaled by the more conservative, monarchist weeklies l'Epoca and Panorama Euromania has united the urban society, either center-left or center-right, in a shared passion for European affairs and a common celebration of the newfound peace. Among those circles, many cite greater European cooperation as their main concern; they follow the deliberations occurring across the continent with great interest; they are well-versed in current political developments in Paris, Berlin and Ljubljana. Many have warmed up to making overtures to Slovenia, where they see the Aesthetic League of Carniola as a very positive development, cheering their progress in the Slovene parliamentary election in July. Euromania has grown to encompass many areas of public and commercial life. Teacups, tablecloths, rags and souvenirs are now often adorned with maps and flags of Europe, new streets and residential buildings named after European capitals and countries, postcards and posters published in the same style. In education, many parents now insist that at least two languages be taught to their children, and courses in French, German and Spanish are a growing phenomenon for both adults and children. |
| "Euromania" has not stopped to the literate, well-off sectors of civil society Big business and politics are starting to voice a similar desire for more European integration and closer links with Italy's neighbors, after seeing the growth spurred by free trade and relaxed border movements. Long forgotten are the tit-for-tat border delays and sanctions enacted just two years ago. Enrico Mattei, chairman of the all-powerful national oil company ENI, which has now grown wealthy with developments in Libya and Ethiopia, has recently made a grand proposal: That his company distribute oil shipped to Genoa through the Alps, crossing Slovenia [sup][nation=short]Amsterwald[/nation][/sup] to reach Bavaria and supply the roaring West German [sup][nation=short]New Provenance[/nation][/sup] economy. While a pipe dream for now, such grand scheme has focused the attention on potential business openings beyond the Italo-Slovene rift. Meanwhile, politically, factions within the DC are all in agreement that more Italo-European cooperation is needed. But perhaps the most adamant supporter of Euromania is one Giorgio La Pira, mayor of Florence. He has recently taken an interest in the Metodo Nagode (Nagode Method), named after Črtomir Nagode, an urban planner with growing clout among Italian academia, whose ideas starkly differ from the road-and-concrete and the rabid industrialization at play in Northern Italy. La Pira has summoned several urbanists and architects to study the potential application of the Metodo Nagode in Florence; other cities of great historical heritage like Pisa and Siena have taken some interest, although applying the same bus- and tram- focused ideas to the narrow streets of medieval Italian cities still proves a daunting challenge. La Pira has hailed the development of Slovene cities, and during an address to the schools of his city as pupils headed back to class, he has praised Slovenes as a people that should be regarded "as a brother" and to whom a friendly hand should be extended. As a first step towards this, La Pira and two architects, Italo Insolera and Giancarlo de Carlo, have proceeded with an invitation to Florence for Mr. Nagode, who will be invited, shall he agree, to tour the city and speak at the University of Florence on his novel urbanism methods. |[/list]
[list][list][pre]▌ R.A.I. Radiotelevisione italiana
[ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UTUj9f4PvRg ][/pre]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty
[/sub]EVVIVA L'ITALIA!
]
[nation]AbaBemba[/nation]
[nation]Adriatican Islands[/nation]
[nation]Alzarikstan[/nation]
[nation]Amsterwald[/nation]
[nation]Anglo Channel[/nation]
[nation]Arcanda[/nation]
[nation]Bayern Kahla[/nation]
[nation]Bescania[/nation]
[nation]Brazil Toucan[/nation]
[nation]Canovia[/nation]
[nation]Cascadla[/nation]
[nation]Central Arstotzka[/nation]
[nation]Connomia[/nation]
[nation]East Germany DDR[/nation]
[nation]Great Britain GB[/nation]
[nation]Greater Kurdistane[/nation]
[nation]Hashemite Kingdoms[/nation]
[nation]Hatzburg[/nation]
[nation]Honghai[/nation]
[nation]Israelli[/nation]
[nation]Kewtpuff[/nation]
[nation]Kotakuan II[/nation]
[nation]La Granadinas[/nation]
[nation]Ma-li[/nation]
[nation]Maziya[/nation]
[nation]Metropolitan Francais[/nation]
[nation]Moroavia[/nation]
[nation]Nevbrejnovitz[/nation]
[nation]New Provenance[/nation]
[nation]Nileia[/nation]
[nation]Nippon-Nihon[/nation]
[nation]Nonador[/nation]
[nation]Nosautempopulus[/nation]
[nation]OsivoII[/nation]
[nation]Paramountica[/nation]
[nation]Paseo[/nation]
[nation]Peking Zhongguo[/nation]
[nation]Pontianus[/nation]
[nation]Provenancia[/nation]
[nation]Ranponian[/nation]
[nation]Reyzen[/nation]
[nation]Rutannia[/nation]
[nation]Socialist Democratic Republic Romania[/nation]
[nation]Spainard[/nation]
[nation]Sri-Lanka[/nation]
[nation]Sudesam[/nation]
[nation]Taiiwan[/nation]
[nation]Teymour[/nation]
[nation]The Black Star-[/nation]
[nation]The Sun States[/nation]
[nation]Turkiye 1st[/nation]
[nation]Ubertica[/nation]
[nation]Vancouver Straits[/nation]
[nation]Victoria Harbor[/nation]
[nation]Vietnam SV[/nation]
[nation]Virnall[/nation]
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta
A New Country - Between January and December 1955
Only a few months have passed since the end of the civil war, but much has been done to begin rebuilding the Nation. Thanks to the compromise made with leftist groups, a new constitution was quickly approved, very similar to the revolutionary constitution of 1932, but even more democratic and liberal. In addition, a new election was held to determine the new Prime Minister of the country. This being won by none other than Pridi, his efforts during the war were one of the main reasons that led the Constitutionalists to victory, and only he, with wide popular popularity and among previously enemy groups such as the Communists, would be able to govern the country during its reconstruction campaign.
Recovering a country after a long war would not be easy, a lot of resources would be needed, as well as a lot of money would be used, money that the current government did not have due to the extensive expenses incurred during the civil war. However, it seemed that fate would be Pridi's ally in this task, a few months after the election of a new government, a new large-scale war begins in Indochina, this would be the beginning of the Vietnam War.
Despite starting very close to the borders, the government of Thailand quickly declared itself neutral in the conflict in order to avoid its extension in its territory. However, Pridi and several members of the government see this war as an alternative to thank the support of the United States to the constitutionalists in the war, as well as to attract more capital needed for the reconstruction of the country. Thus, despite remaining neutral during the conflict, Thailand would lease to US forces all of its air and naval bases for the duration of the conflict, attracting not only money from renting the bases themselves, but also strengthening local consumption, with the arrival of several Paramerican soldiers who would pass through them.
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta, India77 Op U
| MATRIARCH OF ZAIRE DECLARED |
[sub]15th of July, 1958[/sub]
| The referendum that has been marked as historic, had asked all of those around Zaire whether GLORIA BANZA ought to become the Matriarch of Zaire as according to the System Law Change Reform that had altered the constitution and the political system within the country. The referendum took place over a span of five days, and the votes were counted for three consecutive days afterwards. On 15th of July, the official results were announced by the state media.
[list][ REFERENDUM RESULTS ]:
[ YES ]: 97.5% of Votes
[ NO ]: 2.5% of Votes[/list]
As of 15th of July, Gloria Banza has officially become the Matriarch of Zaire, in other terms the Supreme Leader of Zaire. The guardian of Zaireans, their rights and freedoms and the one to guide, inspire and liberate all in Zaire. Celeberations all around the country took off, with thousands swarming the streets of Zaire in their bid to support Mrs Banza. Dancing, music and partying overtook the people as Mrs Banza has become a legend and the moment for millions of Zaireans.
The significance of Mrs Banza becoming the Matriarch of Zaire is that until her death, Mrs Banza will remain in the position of the Supreme Leader. Such move has given millions the stability of knowing that they are safe, that their lives are in good hands. It has also secured and stabilised the market in an incredible way, with foreign and domestic investors being secure in the knowledge that a stable and beloved leader has taken the guardianship of the country they are in.
Mrs Banza as the Matriarch of Zaire will have the power over the military, over the foreign affairs. She shall be the personification of the Zairean people and the country, and she shall be the guide and the guardian of the people and the country. She shall also have the power of electing two members into the Freedom Council that shall overlook the election of the next Matriarch/Patriarch and monitor the power of the Matriarch. Mrs Gloria Banza has become the ultimate leader of Zaire, the one who has given Zaire freedom is the one to become its symbol.
On this special occasion, Matriarch Banza had stepped out onto the streets of the capital city where the cameras captured her celebrating with the people of Zaire. Soon enough, Matriarch Banza delivered a speech to the people of Zaire, standing upon a large podium in front of around one million people ready to hear what she had to say. |
[list][ MATRIACH OF ZAIRE, Gloria Banza ]: "Mon peuple bien-aimé, ce moment est symbolique et historique pour nous tous. Je suis incroyablement fier de vous tous et de ce que vous avez accompli au cours des dix-huit dernières années. Le chemin n'a pas été facile, mais personne n'a promis qu'il le serait. Je me souviens encore aujourd'hui des moqueries dont nous avons fait l'objet, des avertissements selon lesquels nous allions nous effondrer au bout d'un mois, des attentes de ceux qui étaient au pouvoir pour reprendre la main. Et pourtant, nous sommes là, debout, fiers ! Nous sommes devenus une perle de l'Afrique, une perle libre de surcroît. L'économie à la croissance la plus rapide d'Afrique, un état de prospérité et de liberté croissantes, l'oasis de liberté en Afrique. Ne vous privez pas de ces célébrations aujourd'hui, car vous le méritez plus que quiconque. Nous sommes prêts pour notre prochain chapitre, un chapitre de prospérité et de liberté. Nous sommes prêts à devenir le centre de l'Afrique, le cur du monde, la beauté de ces terres ! Liberté au Zaïre ! Prospérité à vous !"
[spoiler= "Do not shine away from those celebrations today, as you deserve it more than anyone. We are ready for our next chapter, a chapter of prosperity and leisure..." - Matriarch Gloria Banza]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta
[list][pre]T H E S L O V E N E R E P U B L I C S L O V E N S K A R E P U B L I K A[/pre][/list]
ACADEMICS, URBANISM AND OIL: SLIMMING THE WIDE CHASM BETWEEN ITALY AND SLOVENIA
[list][sup]REBELLION AGAINST DISJUNCTION
SEPTEMBER 1958[/sup][/list]
The antagonisms of Ljubljana and Rome cast a long shadow. The Slovene Republic and Kingdom of Italy (Arcanda) spent the first years of European peace truly diametricthe indelible spite of Ljubljana and slighted pride of Rome had thrown courtesy to the wind since Victory Day.
That shadow, however, in time began to cool the hateful embers left by Italianization. The rift between the two Mediterranean nations had already caused trade losses and the sinking of a symbol of the Slovene Navy. It was a politically and socially exhausting dispute that, in the eyes of many Slovenes, had run its course. The Aesthetic League of Carniola gambled on this very factits impressive performance in the July legislative elections may, in part, have been due to their promise of reconciliation with Italy. Increasingly prevailing was the mood for closure, especially among academics: the counterreaction to the rise of Nikola Koprivnikar had been an intellectual reexamination of the Slovene Republics treatment of minority groups and neighbor states, and the lackluster results of both had been enough to fuel introspection among the Slovene elite. Thus, the time for diplomatic overtures was soon at handbut a rising demographic of well-read, urban, progressive Italians had been ahead of them. September 1958 saw new overtures from Florence.
At the center of the gesture was former infrastructure minister Črtomir Nagode, who departed federal work in 1950 to supervise urban growth as a consultant of the big three Slovenian citiesLjubljana, Trst, and Gradecand a number of other towns after he had turned to urbanism in the wake of the Slovene Rising. The medieval setting of his youth and the environmentalism of his colleagues had led him to synthesize what was now known in Slovenian urban planning as the Nagode method: a policy of preservation of city centers against the concrete advance of the automobile and the use of mass transit to circumvent it. Though he made a major concession in Novo Mestowhose newer districts are firmly underpinned by the automobilehe had largely been successful in this crusade, and it was this which caught the attention of Florence. Nagodes accomplishments were epitomized by the pedestrianization of the Tromostovje in Ljubljana in the spring of 1958, yet the invitation by Florentine mayor Giorgio La Pira to speak at the more than six centuries-old University of Florence was, Nagode would later write, his greatest honor of that time. Nagodewho harbored no ill will toward the Kingdomhappily assented to the visit, and even polished his Italian, learned while originally studying architecture and construction in the Universities of Ljubljana and Paris.
While no state actions would take place under Koprivnikar himself, later that month, the Pul Archaeological Museum made a civilian gesture to Italy: it extended an open invitation to Italian collegiate faculties to participate in a planned cleaning and structural evaluation of the Roman Arch of the Sergii in Pul (Italian Pola) during the coming winter as a symbolic nod to the shared heritage of the two nations. Oil distributor Slovenopetrol, too, made its own overturesbut to ENI. SP was intrigued to hear more of Italian plans for a pipeline to Bavaria, and the role that the Slovene side could play in such a project.
[list][spoiler=OOC]knew I had to write this as soon as I saw the use of pipe dream to describe ENIs ambitions[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Rutannia, Arcanda, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta
[list][list][pre]B E N E L U X[/pre][sub]04 September 1958[/sub][/list]
HET HART VAN EUROPA THE KINGDOM OF THE BENELUX;
[sub]General Affairs | Council of State Initiates National Civic Development Program[/sub]
[pre] [/pre]
[list][sub][pre]From the press pool inside Binnenhof at The Hague, spokesmen for the Council of State and Ministry of General Affairs announced that the approval of Prime Minister Quinten's flagship economic program, the "National Civic Development Program" or NCDP. Acting as a sort of treatie, the NCDP outlines Picard's vision for the future of the Benelux as a viable competitor in the global market, and standard bearer for a high quality of life. Within it, the Prime Minister - supported by Royal Decree from the Council of State - reestablishes the use of "Royal Charters" as a means of generating wealth for the union, streamlines inter-sector collaboration, and advances the idea of a "Global City" as the fundamental goal of a high functioning and prosperous transcontinental state. While not initiating any new major policies beyond the issuance of four Royal Charters - the NCDP will, according to the spokesman, be the guide post for the economic redevelopment of the Benelux.[/pre][/sub][/list]
[pre] [/pre]
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1882178
[pre] [/pre]
____________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Rutannia, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta
[list][list]SEPTEMBER 1958
[sub]The President Who Only Travels[/sub][/list]
[pre]O R D E M E P R O G R E S S O[/pre]
BRASÍLIA, Brazil Toucan AFTERNOON
[sub]BRASÍLIA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT[/sub]
| At Brasília International Airport, which opened on May 3, 1957, the smiling 56-year-old Brazilian President JUSCELINO KUBITSCHEK, wearing a nice dark gray suit, would take a trip to the Andes Confederation. KUBITSCHEKs goal of building a strong and united South America has not been abandoned. For the Brazilian leader, it is essential that Brazil always strengthens relations with its neighbors. A few days before the trip, Brazils head of state had met with a group of engineers in his new Presidential Palace, in Brasília. KUBITSCHEK had plans to propose to the Andean government the joint financing between the countries of a highway connecting the Mato Grosso capital Cuiabá to Santa Cruz de La Sierra. Both countries are also cooperating in building a railroad, scheduled for completion in 1959. |
[list]| JUSCELINO KUBITSCHEK, [sub]President of the Republic[/sub] | Brazil will connect with its neighbors by rail and road.[/list]
| On the day of the trip, many newsmen traveled from Rio to Brasília only to see President KUBITSCHEK and his wife, First Lady SARAH KUBITSCHEK, board the plane bound for La Paz. Both smiled and waved at the press. A few days earlier, some members of his Cabinet had suggested to the President that he not travel to La Paz, as it would not look good for an elected President to shake the hand of a leader who had installed himself in power through a coup. The Presidents choice irritated some P.S.D. colleagues, they even summoned KUBITSCHEK for a private meeting, but without success, the President insisted on his decision. KUBITSCHEK wants to show that everyone can participate in building a united and strong South America. Flying through the skies, aboard the presidential plane, was the new Brazilian Ambassador to the Andes, a 49-year-old diplomat named JOÃO GUIMARAES ROSA, beside him the newly appointed Foreign Minister FRANCISCO NEGRÃO DE LIMA. For most Brazilian newspapers, President KUBITSCHEK was called The President Who Only Travels. For KUBITSCHEK, this was considered a compliment, as the numerous trips he made abroad brought investments to Brazil. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Paseo, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta
SUPER-CRUISER 'TIRANA' SUFFERS ENGINE BREAKDOWN ON FIRST OFFICIAL TRIALS
September 1958
While her Sister the 'Belgrade' (soon to become Yugoslavia's new Flagship) had completed the first leg of her trials a month ago, the Tirana today suffered a complete Engine failure when attempting to depart her Split Drydock. This was rather a letdown for the almost 20,000 Individuals who had gathered along the shoreline to see her first short journey under the power of her own Engines. Blame was placed on language barriers, while the Belgrade was completed using almost entirely Croatian Shipbuilders, the Tirana was built by a mixture of Albanian, Montenegrin and Serbian Builders from various Shipyards. According to the Report this language problem led to the faulty laying of around four miles of wiring, as misunderstandings took place regarding the planned location and size of said wires. While it isnt believed the fault extends to other areas of the Vessel, a full inspection is to take place which will delay Trials by around three weeks, during which the faulty wiring will be replaced.
Both Vessels began construction in 1953, and now 5 years later were conducting six month long trials to ascertain their seafaring capabilities prior to a renewed drydock period in which they will receive the rest of their equipment (primarily the heavy caliber weaponry) along with the new R-25 Vulkan Surface to Air Missiles, which of course were not available during the 1953-57 period. The mounting of these new Missile Systems will give the Ships a consistent long range air-defense capability which is becoming more and more vital within the worlds navies.
Upon their planned completion in 1962 the two Ships will have been in construction for almost a decade, and the various changes and additions that have occurred within that period are a testament to that. Though once they do take to the seas it will spell the end of the Yugoslav Naval Expansion plans from 1950-1965, which will result in many more civilian ships taking up Yugoslav Slipways compared to the current norm of Destroyers and Patrol Boats, this will be a definite economic boon. So far both Ships had been the most expensive Military expenditure of the Commonwealth since its inception at the end of the Second World War, however a promise to end naval expansion upon their completion enabled this heavy financial burden to be withstood.
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Paseo, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta
September 1958
[sub]Newauroria AFTERNOON[/sub]
v
|
A bird is not plane proof
Yesterday afternoon, a scheduled test flight involving the IF-2 "Arrow" and two The IF-1 "Canucks" encountered a bird strike incident during their mission. The IF-2 "Arrow", a state-of-the-art supersonic interceptor aircraft, was testing its radar capabilities in challenging weather conditions, including a thunderstorm. The IF-1 "Canucks" were acting as bombers, flying ahead of the IF-2 "Arrow" to simulate radar testing scenarios.
The IF-2 "Arrow", designed and manufactured by Avro Canada, is renowned for its advanced technology and exceptional performance capabilities. The test flight aimed to evaluate the radar system's functionality and effectiveness in adverse weather conditions, crucial for the aircraft's operational readiness. The IF-1 "Canucks", also designed by Avro Canada, were selected to support the testing objectives.
As the IF-2 "Arrow" and the IF-1 "Canucks" flew through the thunderstorm, the IF-2 "Arrow" encountered a flock of birds unexpectedly, resulting in a bird strike incident. The IF-1 "Canucks", being ahead of the IF-2 "Arrow", managed to avoid the birds and were not impacted.
The incident triggered immediate responses from the flight crews and ground control, who were monitoring the test flight and coordinating communications:
Captain Parker (The IF-2 "Arrow"): (through radio) "Control Tower, this is Arrow One. We've just encountered a bird strike incident. Requesting immediate assistance and emergency landing clearance."
Control Tower: "Arrow One, this is Control Tower. We acknowledge the bird strike. Emergency landing clearance granted. Please provide further details on the aircraft's condition."
Captain Parker (The IF-2 "Arrow"): "Control Tower, this is Arrow One. The bird strike occurred at the nose section, left wing, and engines of the IF-2 "Arrow" Arrow. Flight controls are stable, but we need to perform a thorough inspection upon landing."
Control Tower: "Understood, Arrow One. Emergency response teams have been alerted and are standing by for your arrival. Maintain communication and follow emergency landing procedures."
While the IF-1 "Canucks" were not directly involved in the bird strike incident, they maintained communication with the control tower:
Captain Johnson (IF-1 "Canucks"): (through radio) "Control Tower, this is Canucks Two. Confirming the bird strike incident. Requesting emergency landing clearance."
Control Tower: "Canucks Two, this is Control Tower. Emergency landing clearance granted. Please report your aircraft's condition."
Captain Johnson (CF-100 Canuck): "Control Tower, this is Canucks Two. We have observed no damages to the IF-1 "Canucks". Flight controls are unaffected, and we are proceeding for landing as instructed."
Control Tower: "Understood, Canuck Two. Proceed with landing and follow emergency procedures."
Both Captain Parker and Captain Johnson skillfully piloted their respective aircraft, ensuring their safety despite the challenges posed by the thunderstorm. The IF-2 "Arrow" sustained damages from the bird strike, while the IF-1 "Canucks" remained unharmed.
Upon landing, emergency response teams swiftly assessed the IF-2 "Arrow" condition and provided the necessary support. Detailed inspections will be conducted to evaluate the extent of damages and determine the required repairs or modifications.
The incident serves as a reminder of the potential risks faced by aircraft, even during test flights. Bird strikes can have serious consequences for aviation safety, and continuous efforts are made to minimize such occurrences through preventive measures and research.
Avro Canada, in collaboration with aviation authorities, will launch a thorough investigation to determine the causes of the incident and implement appropriate measures to prevent similar occurrences in the future. Safety remains a top priority, and lessons learned from this incident will contribute to the ongoing improvement of aviation protocols and procedures.
|
[spoiler=[sub]Military[/sub]
A bird is not plane proof
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Paseo, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Hong Kong Delta
Post self-deleted by Socialist Democratic Republic Romania.
The Little Paris: Bucharest's Astonishing Development into a Eastern Bloc & European Jewel
September 1958
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
| Over the span of six years from 1952 to 1958, Bucharest, the vibrant capital city of The Socialist Republic of Romania, also commonly referred to as the Paris of the East, experienced a dramatic transformation in its urban landscape and quality of life. Under the leadership of The Genius of The Carpathians, Constantin Rotaru, General Secretary of The Communist Party of Romania, President of The Presidium of the Great National Assembly, President of The Socialist Republic of Romania, Supreme Commander in Chief of The People`s Army of Romania, beloved and esteemed leader of all Romanian people and the party of the people, The Communist Party of Romania, numerous ambitious initiatives were undertaken, resulting in significant progress and development.
_________________________________________________________________________
Statistics:
The percentage of households with access to clean water increased from 65% in 1952 to a staggering 93% in 1958. This significant leap ensured a substantial improvement in public health and hygiene standards.
The availability of electricity dramatically improved, with coverage expanding from 42% in 1952 to 84% in 1958. This enhancement brought about a surge in modern amenities and improved living conditions for the citizens.
Bucharest's transportation infrastructure witnessed significant expansion during this period. The length of paved roads grew by 45%, resulting in better connectivity within the city and to the surrounding regions.
Between 1952 and 1958, a total of 45,000 new apartments were constructed across Bucharest, providing affordable housing to the rapidly growing population. These apartments were designed to accommodate various family sizes and featured modern amenities, such as central heating and improved sanitation facilities.
Renovated Historic Buildings: Over the six-year period, a significant number of historic buildings in Bucharest underwent restoration. Approximately 150 buildings, including palaces, museums, and public institutions, were carefully renovated and preserved, contributing to the city's architectural splendor, reminding of Paris, France.
In parallel with the restoration efforts, urban redevelopment projects aimed to revitalize neglected areas. The historic Lipscani district, for example, underwent a comprehensive restoration, rejuvenating it into a vibrant and attractive destination for locals and tourists alike.
Countless new building projects to further develop Bucharest`s image as "The Paris of the East" with Art Nouveau and Neo-Romanian Architecture, as well as the Eastern Bloc Architecture, creating a beautiful blend of old and new with modern touches.
_________________________________________________________________________
| However it is important to note that Bucharest was not the main focus of the nation wide development plan regarding cities. Countless cities throughout The Socialist Republic of Romania such as Tirgoviste, Constanta, Pitesti, Iasi, Craiova, Brasov, Cluj, Oradea etc... have seen similar developments and evolutions during the 6 years since the rise to power of His Excellency, The Genius of The Carpathans, Supreme Leader of The Socialist Republic of Romania, Constantin Rotaru.
"Traiasca Partidul Comunist Roman in frunte cu al sau Secretar General, Tovarasul Constantin Rotaru, iubit si stimat conducator al Republicii Socialiste Romania!"
September 1958
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Hong Kong Delta
[list]DEN VOLKSPAPER | VERTRAUT QUELL VUN NEWS AN AKTUELL EVENEMENTEN
DE VOLKSKRANT | VERTROUWDE BRON VAN NIEUWs EN HUIDIGE EVENEMENTEN
THE PEOPLE's PAPER | TRUSTED SOURCE OF NEWS AND CURRENT EVENTS[list]
[pre] [/pre]
[pre]September Edition 1958[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]A GOVERNMENT WITHOUT A SEAT: DEBATE IN FEDERAL PARLIAMENT TO DETERMINE LOCATION OF PERMANENT CAPITAL;[/pre][/list][/list]
[pre] [/pre]
[list][sub]| THE HAGUE During the summer of 1947, the interim government of the Benelux began meeting in the halls of the Dutch capital complex - Binnenhof, specifically in the Hall of Knights within Ridderzaal. The 13th century hall has historically been used during the annual opening of the Netherlands Parliament by their Monarch, but was loaned to the Constituent Assembly (Interim Parliament) whenever it was not being used by the Dutch government. It is a historic building - not only in the history of the Dutch, but also in the history of the European Project - as it was the location of the Congress of Europe held in 1948 that lay the groundwork for the formation of the European Community. However, in the last few years since the Charter of the United Kingdom was adopted, there has been a movement for the establishment of a dedicated seat for the new federal government.[/sub]
[list][pre]I dont have much of a problem sharing office and meeting space with my Dutch brothers but it is clear whose house this is.[/pre][sub] LEON ROHOMAN,
A Guyanese Member of Parliament & the Labour Party[/sub][/list]
[sub]There have been a number of complaints mounting at the Ministry of General Affairs - housed at a nearby office building, where the Prime Ministers staff had received modest (if not cramped) accommodations over the last decade. Even here, at what is supposed to be the power center of our new Union, crates containing documents are often placed in the hallways or loaded onto box-trucks for transit to Brussels - where most of the federal ministries have been located for both political and logistical reasons. In the periodic commotion where the government effectively leaves the city on a weekly basis (as it is easier to hold Cabinet and Council of State meetings in Brussels where the Ministries are clustered), reports of documents being lost or misplaced have become common place and an expected reality - prompting duplicates to be produced for the most important documents.[/sub]
[list][pre]Has your petition to the Prime Ministers office gone unanswered? Dont worry, it isnt for a lack of care.. It may have just been placed in the wrong pile.[/pre][sub] Anonymous Clerk, Ministry of General Affairs[/sub][/list]
[sub]When polled, it was found that 81% of voters agreed that the government should establish a permanent seat for itself - but when asked about whether it should be in one of the existing capitals, an already established municipality, or a new planned city - those favorable are almost evenly split.[/sub]
[sub]In the wake of the Council of States affirmation of Prime Minister Picards National Civic Development Program (NCDP), some within Parliament have questioned whether or not establishing a centralized capital would even be necessary in the long run - if the fundamental goal of infrastructural development in the european countries, was to make movement of people and goods as efficient as possible. Further, those same members wondered out loud during the debate on floor, if it would not be more economical to further decentralize the federal government, in a more intentional manner, and take advantage of existing plans for better public transit between the metropolitan areas. Under such a scheme, the legislative, and judicial branch could be established in two cities with purpose-built facilities - while Ministries could be further divided into clusters and spread across the entirety of the Kingdom.[/sub]
[sub]Capital Clusters - is the term being floated for this plan by members supportive of the plan who state that this could be one of the most impactful means by which Picards Universal City vision could be achieved. It would, they argue, create the conditions for smart urbanization of the Benelux while rebuffing the traditional overcrowding and cleanliness issues that plague major western European cities. With an already existent (and advanced) rail network connecting the nation in Europe - and plans in place to establish airports to boost connectivity to the overseas countries, of all the proposals, this one seems to be the most likely to be advanced. However, as with all things, idealism has a hard time breaking through into reality - and with the Federal Government growing into its new prominence, a solution is needed sooner than later if it is to be taken seriously by both domestic and foreign actors.[/sub]
[pre] [/pre]
____________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Rutannia, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Hong Kong Delta
THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA SPEAKS AGAINST THE COMMUNIST TRAITORS
Today in Taipei, the temporary emergency capital of the Republic of China, our great leader, President Chiang Kai-shek, has spoke in a lengthy speech against the communist traitors in the mainland and once again reaffirmed the noble aim to liberate our homeland from communistic oppression and traitors, here below a extract from the speech
"We fought for our homeland against the Japanese invaders for so many years and collaborated with even the communists in the name of a free China, yet as soon they had the opportunity to those snakes betrayed us, we fought bravely but ultimately their brutality forced us to strategically retreat on this island, Taiwan, the final redoubt of a free and democratic China as even the United Nations recognize us, but we haven't forgotten our homeland, China still live on in Taiwan and one day we will liberate the mainland from it's oppressors while being acclaimed as heroes and liberators and revive the currently-oppressed Chinese spirit and soul in the mainland, for all China! for the all the Chinese! for justice!"
Earlier in his speech our great President also reaffirmed their commitment to the west, in particular the United States, and to fight communism alongside the West.
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Hong Kong Delta
[list]September 1958
[sub]Turning Point[/sub][/list]
[list][list] THE ALPS UNITED
DIE ALPEN VEREINT
LES ALPES UNIES
LE ALPI UNITE
[/list][/list]
VIENNA
[sub]ALLIED-OCCUPIED AUSTRIA[/sub]
| On a chilly Friday morning in September, six delegations would sit at a long, wooden table in Belvedere Palace, the former home of Franz Ferdinand and the Austrian National Museum. Here, representatives from the four powers that had occupied Austria for over a decade, France, the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union, had sealed the nations future in just 5 days. Around the delegates would be ample standing room for dozens of guests who had eagerly followed the events of the week. It would be well known that the proceedings would yield unprecedented results. Behind them, large windows framed by dark marble and wood-clad walls would let in the morning light. In the center of the table would be a long document, capped off with the signatures of each delegation appearing next to their national seals stamped in red wax: |
[list][sub]FRANCE (Metropolitan Francais)
[list]M. Pinay
M. Lalouette[/list][/sub][/list]
[list][sub]UNITED STATES (Paramountica)
[list]Mr. Thompson
Mr. Dulles[/list][/sub][/list]
[list][sub]UNITED KINGDOM (Great Britain Gb)
[list]Mr. Macmillan
Mr. Wallinger[/list][/sub][/list]
[list][sub]SOVIET UNION (Osivoii)
[list]Mr. Molotov
Mr. Lapin[/list][/sub][/list]
[list][sub]SWITZERLAND
[list]Mr. Petitpierre
Mr. Aubert[/list][/sub][/list]
[list][sub]AUSTRIA
[list]Mr. Raab
Mr. Figl[/list][/sub][/list]
| This summit would not be the first in Vienna, but would be the first to involve Switzerland. Just three years earlier in 1955, the same delegations had already attempted to bring their occupation of Austria to an end through a treaty but had concluded that an independent Austria simply would not be able to exist on its own. The past decade had brought much-needed stability to the nation through the Allied military presence as much as it had revealed its problems. Distrust and blame on Vienna by the other Austrian states would be at an all-time high. Some, such as Vorarlberg and Tyrol, would not hesitate to break away from a newly formed Austrian Republic with Vienna at its head. Feeling both culturally and geographically disconnected from their capital city beginning even before World War I and escalating in 1945 with the creation of the Slovene Republic (Amsterwald) out of much of their neighboring homeland, many of these Austrians had been drawn to Switzerland. They had sought refuge from economic problems and war at home by joining the Helveitc Republic, however, it had been the Swiss government itself that had refused their admissions to avoid compromising relations with France or Germany. Despite these setbacks, some progress had emerged from this 1955 meeting: all delegations agreed that Austria had been the first victim of Nazi Germany, not its accomplice. Although the Anschluss government had committed countless atrocities alongside the Nazis, those responsible had been punished. Therefore, the Allies justified, they should have no interest in denying the Austrian people a state free from foreign occupation. Under no circumstance, they would agree, should Austria be admitted into Germany, East or West. These recognitions would be the basis for the next meeting between the occupiers. On their last day, an interesting solution would be brought up. Rather than full independence, which would not last, merging Austria with a neighboring country would allow the allies to safely pull out troops from their occupation and return Austria to its sovereignty, albeit in a somewhat skewed way with the other half of the merge mutually having its own say in the others affairs. Regardless, that would be for another day. The delegations would have to leave the 1955 summit in Vienna empty-handed yet open-minded. |
| Not long after, on a visit to the Austrian city of Bregenz in Vorarlberg, the foreign ministers of both Austria and the Helvetic Republic would meet, both bringing offers from their home countries. Together, they would draft a proposition to be motioned to their governments to merge Austria and Switzerland. Their ancestors had shared the Alps peacefully since their founding Celtic tribes had arrived in the region. Their languages and cultures had developed together, but issues would show themselves. In Austria, Chancellor Raab would work tirelessly to win over votes from outside his party. The narrow Christian Democrat majority with large support among Social Democrats would mean victory short term, but the smaller yet increasingly popular Communist and Freedom parties would be completely against the creation of such a state ideologically. It would undoubtedly be an issue in the future for the nation if two non-insignificant factions on completely different sides of the aisle are opposed to the nations existence in the first place. On the other hand, the political issues for the Helvetic Republic would not be along party lines, but language. The large French-speaking minority in the nation would be an obvious outlier in the comparison game between Switzerland and Austria. Merging with an entirely German nation would almost certainly provoke the French-Swiss by turning them into strangers in a new German-speaking union. This obstacle would not be one to easily be diminished, now or far into the unions life. With this in mind, when the motion to send a Swiss delegation to the 1958 summit in Vienna would kick off, President Petitpierre, a francophone himself along with most of his cabinet members, would come forward encouraging his fellow countrymen to unite in this matter. The benefits of such a merger with Austria would be too big to ignore. His call to action would fail, however, with most French-Swiss in both legislative branch councils voting against it. The motion to send the delegation would still pass, but without the support of the French-Swiss Petitpierre had hoped for. He would know these struggles would continue in whatever government would be formed. |
| Now, back in Belvedere Palace, Swiss President Max Petitpierre and Austrian Chancellor Julius Raab would happily hold up the signed document for a photograph, the label clearly showing Alpine Unity Treaty in French, English, Russian, and German. The events of the week would close with final handshakes between the delegates as they would exit the palace. The treaty would mark the end of an era for all Alpines and the beginning of a new chapter in Central Europe. With the Alpine Unity Treaty, a new sovereign state, Alpenland, would officially be born. Outlined in the treaty, however, would be several requirements of the new republic; demands from the allies: |
[list][sub]ALPENLAND must remain neutral in its foreign dealings, favoring neither East nor West in any European dispute.[/list][/sub]
[list][sub]ALPENLAND must draft a new constitution with the shared legislators of each founding nation by the end of the year, observation open to any official, foreign observers.[/list][/sub]
[list][sub]ALPENLAND must hold fair, nationwide elections on all levels based on its new constitution by the third month of the next year, observation open to any official, foreign observers.[/list][/sub]
[list][sub]ALPENLAND must respect the rights of the French, Italian, Slovene, and other minorities in its territory in regard to the previous demands.[/list][/sub]
[list][sub]ALPENLAND is forbidden to be admitted into any German state, present or future.[/list][/sub]
[list][sub]ALPENLAND is forbidden to allow any fascist factions to participate in any election or other event, political or social.[/list][/sub]
| Now, although officially one, neutral republic stretching from the borders of Lyon to Bratislava, Alpenland would not be without its anxieties. Already, factions wishing for its dissolution would exist on the inside, and divides in terms of ideology and military would be clear between the east and west of the country. Petitpierre and Raab would know all of the work behind them had been nothing compared to what would lie ahead, but it would all be worth it. Collaboration would be key to ensure neither side felt the other had too much control. Later, the upcoming constitutional convention would be the source of their concern. Now was the time for celebration of a new, long-awaited union. |
[spoiler=GLORY TO ALPENLAND!
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria, Hong Kong Delta
Uh.. yeah idk if I can do any long detailed rp posts that make sense.
Yeah.. sorry I cant do maths nor do I have the confidants to write paragraphs.
👋 bye
[list][list]DISPATCHWORK
[sub]Brazilian Singers (1960s)[/sub][/list]
[pre] O R D E M E P R O G R E S S O [/pre][/list]
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1883701
[list][sub]Roberto Carlos earned the nickname "King" in the 1960s.[/sub]
____________
[sub]DISPATCHWORK, dispatches/factbooks designed by Para in the Commonwealth of Liberty (COL)[/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff
[list][list][list][pre]RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
FRENCH BUREAUCRACY
MINISTÈRE DE LINTÉRIEUR[/pre][/list]
______
MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR: THE END OF THE IVTH REPUBLIC CONFIRMED WITH REFERENDUM VOTE IN FAVOUR OF DE GAULLE'S NEW CONSTITION
[sub]VTH REPUBLIC | PARIS, OCTOBER 1958[/sub][/list]
[sub]| HELM OF LIBERTÉ, MINISTÈRE DE LINTÉRIEUR - | Prime Minister Charles de Gaulle asked France for a vote of confidence and this week he got a thunderous shout of approval. An overwhelming 80% of French voters capitulated for his version of the Fifth Republic. In De Gaulle's home village of Colombey-les-deux-Eglises, where the Premier was an early-morning voter at the town hall, 'the count on his referendum was oui, 195; non, 1. De Gaulle telephoned friends in Paris to assure them he was not the dissident voter.[/sub]
[sub]The Gaullist sweep buried the opposition. De Gaulle won even in the virulently Red district of Communist Boss Maurice Thorez. In Louviers, whose mayor is bitterly anti-Gaullist Pierre Mendės-France, 69% of the ballots were marked oui. The results in the overseas territories were just as astonishing. Only French Guinea, in the control of tough anti-Gaullist Premier Sekou Toure, voted no. Senegal, Niger, even supposedly sullen Madagascar came through with thumping oui majorities. In Algeria, where the French had feared the worst, the turnout was remarkable. French army jeeps had prowled the dusty streets of F.L.N.-haunted towns with loudspeakers urging: "Men and women! You must vote for the referendum today. Do not be afraid of the fellaghas. For your better future, for the happiness of your children, vote yes!" The F.L.N. countered with a warning that if Muslims voted they were "committing suicide." From Cairo, headquarters of the new Algerian "government in exile," Premier Ferhat Abbas denounced the referendum as an "intolerable pressure" on the F.L.N.'s fight for independence. "Algeria is not France. The Algerian people are not French," he cried. A French troop convoy was ambushed 90 miles east of Oran and 19 soldiers were killed; a portable polling booth was blown up near the Tunisian border; in Tlemcen, a crowd watching an election movie was sprayed with F.L.N. machine-gun fire.[/sub]
[sub]However the outpouring of Muslim voters stunned the most optimistic Frenchmen. Even in the mountains of Kabylia, once an F.L.N. stronghold, Muslim women swathed in traditional robes waited patiently to cast the first vote of their lives. At Mostaganem, one pregnant Muslim woman defied doctor's orders to take her place in line and produced her baby right in the polling station. In impressive numbers, they voted for De Gaulle. With the impetus of victory, De Gaulle plans to fly to Algeria in the coming day, and visit the riven land which destroyed the Fourth Republic and which, its division unresolved, is the Fifth's biggest problem. As the incredible returns continued to pour in from the outer precincts of French power, the sweep of Charles de Gaulle's triumph increased. In Martinique in the Caribbean the ratio was 14-1 for De Gaulle. On the Pacific island of New Caledonia, 52-1. In the Sahara, 70-1. Of 18 overseas territories, only French Guinea voted no. French residents in the Soviet Union plumped for De Gaulle 74-43, and in the New York voting area, 2,343 to 152. France itself, in a record turnout, jammed the polling places to roll up a majority of 79.25% for the new Gaullist constitution.[/sub]
[sub]No other leader of a Western democracy could point to so overwhelming a mandate. It freed De Gaulle of the need to depend on any unwieldy combination of quarreling political parties in forging his Fifth Republic. Much more important, to a man so stiff-necked about legality, he need no longer regard himself as the creation of the disgruntled cabal of paratroopers and Algerian settlers who last May provided the fuel that blew up the Fourth Republic. The mandate was his own and his power was legitimate. Having voted power to De Gaulle, France relaxed under blue skies and in gentle fall weather. At Longchamps the crowds were out for the running of the race of the year, the 40 million-franc Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. Men in morning coats and grey cravats walked amid the drift of chestnut leaves with elegant women in Balenciaga and Dior gowns and outsize souffle hats. A few miles across town in the cavernous glass-roofed Grand Palais, thousands of other Frenchmen thronged the annual Salon de l'Auto to stare with passionate absorption at the chromium flash and gadgets of the 1959 model cars. These people, the acquisitive bourgeois society described so memorably by Balzac, were the true victors of the referendum. France had voted conservative, matching the trend in almost every major Western European nation today.[/sub]
[sub]Everyone but the Communists and a few chronic dissidents had voted yes for De Gaulle. Yet it also seemed clear that the voters of France and of the overseas territoriesnow known as the Community, like Britain's Commonwealthhad gone to the polls not so much to vote in a new constitution as to vote out an old. What united Frenchmen as dissimilar as Hubert Beuve-Méry, neutralist publisher of Le Monde, and the royalist pretender, the Comte de Paris, Prince Napoleon and Brigitte Bardot, cloistered Carmelite nuns and a nameless million voters who had previously backed the Communists, was an intense desire to be rid of the ungoverned and ungovernable past. It was a vote against twelve years of muddle, against 25 governments that had fallen one by one, against the "system" that De Gaulle once called the "trade union of place holders." It was above all, a vote of confidence in Charles de Gaulle himself, for the soldier son of a professor of philosophy, for the young general who had taken a chance in 1940 and personified France in the councils of the Allies, for a man who wrote in the style of the great Augustans, had style in his own person, and had the courage to quit the political arena in 1946 when it seemed to him dishonorable to continue.[/sub]
[sub]De Gaulle triumphed on his own conditions. It is doubtful if one voter in a thousand bothered to ponder the new constitution's 92 articles. Even if they listened attentively to De Gaulle's oracular and stylishly ambiguous speeches, they got little hint of what the future would be like. Not even his aides, dedicated as they are to his general philosophy, are allowed to know at any moment the pattern of his intentions. All that most Frenchmen have for certain this week is a memory of De Gaulle moving among masses of people with the awkward lope of a giraffe, patting a head here, shaking a hand there, and peering about him with nearsighted benevolence. The people knew also that he was a man of integrity and vision, and that nothing less would suffice now. |[/sub]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]VIVE LA RÉPUBLIQUE!
VIVE LA FRANCE!
VIVE LEMPIRE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐌
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Holy Vatican City States, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Brazil Toucan
[list][list][list][pre]STATUS CIVITATIS VATICANAE
VATICAN CITY STATE
THE HOLY SEE[/pre][/list]
______
SECRETARY OF STATE OF HIS HOLINESS: POPE PIUS XII LAYED IN STATE AT SAINT PETER'S BASILICAVICARIVS CHRISTI (1939-1958)
[sub]VATICAN CITY | ROME, OCTOBER MCMLVIII[/sub][/list]
[sub]| SECRETARIUS STATUS SANCTITATIS SUAE - | His Holiness Pope Pius XII, last week ranged himself solidly on the side of the angels. Speaking to a group of American pilgrims, he pointed out that since they might hope to spend "an eternity of joy" with the angels in heaven, they might as well "begin to know the angels now." Said the Pope: "No one is so humble but he has angels to attend him. So glorious, so pure, so wonderful they are, and yet they are given to be your fellow wayfarers, charged to watch carefully over you lest you fall away from Christ, their Lord." He continued: "Not only do they wish to defend you against dangers lurking along the way; they are also active at your side with a word of encouragement to your souls as you strive to ascend higher and higher to closeness to God through Christ."[/sub]
[list][sub]Miserere mei, Deus, secundum miseri-cordiam tuam.[/sub][/list]
[list][sub]"These words which mean 'Have pity on me, God, according to thy mercy.', which I pronounced at the moment in which with trepidation I accepted election as Supreme Pontiff, I now repeat at a time in which knowledge of the deficiencies, of the failures, of the sins committed during so long a pontificate and in so grave an epoch has made more clear to my mind my insufficiency and unworthiness . . . I pray those whose affair it is not to bother to erect any monuments to my memory: sufficient it is that my poor mortal remains should be laid simply in a sacred place . . ."[/sub][/list]
[sub]Thus wrote Pope Pius XII in his last will and testament, found after his death last week in a safe in his study. However the remains of Eugenio Pacelli, Pius XII, Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, were not "laid simply" away. Before the great altar in St. Peter's, where only the Pope may say Mass, the body of Pius XII lay in state for three days. Then, after final absolution, it was placed in a triple coffin made of oak, lead and cypress and interred in the most sacred spot in Christendom, located below the Bernini altar near St. Peter's supposed grave, whose discovery the Pope himself announced in 1950. Buried with the Pope was a red bag containing a sample of every Vatican coin minted during his reign, a parchment copy of the eulogy read at the final funeral Mass and the pieces of his broken Fisherman's Ring.[/sub]
[sub]Despite the grandeur of the funeral, the mourners who thronged the Vatican this week, the foreign statesmen as well as the crowds of Romans who had cheered him for years as he rode through his city knew the simplicity and the intelligent humanity that had been present beneath the papal pomp. They would scarcely agree with his humble self-assessment of "failures" and "insufficiency." Men of all faiths agreed that Pius XII had been a great Pope. Other Popes have risen to the challenge of the 20th century, notably Leo XIII, who gave the church and the world his great encyclical on labor, but in the 19 years of Eugenio Pacelli's reign, the nature of the papacy has changed dramatically, partly because few men who have worn the triple crown have been so keenly and so tirelessly aware of the agonies of their age.[/sub]
[sub]When Pacelli was born in 1876, in Rome, the papacy seemed doomed to a decline. Six years before, it had been stripped of temporal power beyond the tiny 110 acre Vatican enclave. Only 22 years before that, Pope Pius IX had fled when Mazzini and his revolutionists seized control of Rome. In Pacelli's childhood the world outside the Vatican seethed with anticlericalism and glowed with humanist confidence in the ever onwardness and upwardness of history. Today the papacy and the Catholic Church are immensely stronger. Part of the story is told in numbers. During Pius XII's reign, Catholics throughout the world grew from 388,402,610 to 496,512,000 despite attrition in Iron Curtain countries. The church's strengthened spiritual posture was marked by the fact that under Pius XII 33 saints were canonized, more than any other Pope in this century. Its political success can be judged from the fact that, during Pius' reign, Christian Democratic parties and Catholic statesmen like De Gasperi, Adenauer, and Schuman rose to power in Western European countries where only a few years ago anticlericalism was a major prerequisite for political success.[/sub]
[sub]The change was caused partly by the very disasters that struck the world during Pacelli's lifetime, for they branded into men of all faiths a new need for direction and values beyond materialist optimism. Partly it was caused by the death of the old European order, which forced the Vatican to deal not with monarchs or heads of state but with the people, and to find new ways of reaching them. Above all, it was caused by Pius XII's insistence that the papacy had a mission to assert Christian truths about all phases of human life. The Pope delivered thousands of addresses to delegations from every imaginable trade, profession or calling, each address painstakingly composed by himself. Pius XII was often described as an innovator, impelled to innovate not so much by temperament; for he was gentle, cautious and diplomatic, as by the force of the times. He was the first Pope to use a telephone regularly and the first to use a typewriter. He strongly suggested that nuns' garb be modernized and liberalized many church rules. He was an innovator also in far more significant works, which he performed in defense of Christianity against ideological dangers. In a long career, one of his first assignments as a young diplomat was to help represent the Vatican at Queen Victoria's funeral. He saw the ideological dangers of the soul veer from Edwardian complacency to existentialist despair. Perhaps his most important efforts were in these areas:[/sub]
[sub] ¶ COMMUNISM. When Pius XII was born, the Communists had nowhere won political power; at the time of his death, 52,552,000 Catholics were living in Communist-ruled countries. Again and again, he ringingly condemned Communism as an atheistic and materialistic evil, arch enemy of God and of human rights. In the Communist-ruled countries, Pius XII had to find a harrowing way between the extremes of a tough anti-Communist line that might have destroyed the church through reprisals and a collaborationist line that might have destroyed the church just as surely through spiritual surrender. Poland's Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski and his precarious stand-off with the Red regime has shown that toughness can be combined with shrewd compromise. In the Western countries, the Pope took a bold political step in 1949 when he excommunicated all Catholics who "knowingly and freely . . . defend and spread Communism."[/sub]
[sub]¶ DOGMA. Pius XII spectacularly stiffened the fabric of faith by promulgating the ancient dogma of the Virgin Mary's bodily assumption into Heaven. In doing so he was the first Pope in history to make such public exercise of the 1870 dogma of papal infallibility. In 1950 in the encyclical Humani Generis he cracked down hard on Catholic teachers, priests and philosophers whose speculations might carry them away from the dogmas of the church and the formal system of thought laid down by St. Thomas Aquinas. ¶ NATIONALISM. Pope Pius laid claim once more to the church's status as the supranational community, nourishing the shallow roots of secular internationalism "The Church is a mother Sancta Mater Ecclesiaa true mother, mother of all nations and all peoples." As he saw the colonial peoples rise, he laid increasing stress on substituting native priests for missionaries and promoting them to bishops wherever possible.[/sub]
[sub]Above and beyond his diplomatic and intellectual role there was always the Pope's incandescent personality. In a prayer to Mary he once asked that all men be made to "feel the attraction of Christian goodness." That was what most men felt in the presence. It was in a sense ironic that this sophisticated diplomat, member of old Roman aristocracy, should become so popular a Pope. Before World War II, a papal audience for a layman was a prestigious and protocol-encrusted enterprise. Under Pius XII, however, a visit to the Pope was heartwarming and almost informal. He often studied the sports pages of newspapers as carefully as the political news, because at many audiences he was required to talk more about sports than politics. Through the big Portone di Bronzo at the right of St. Peter's and up the broad staircase to the audience chambers on the second floor trooped bobby-soxers and Brahmins, camera-slung tourists, oilmen and stenographers and school teachers. One need be neither Catholic nor Christian to be received, and the white-robed Holy Father walked among them all, making brief small talk in six languages, handing out holy medals, even exchanging his white silk skull cap with some visitor who had brought one for the purpose.[/sub]
[sub]One New York reporter described Pope Pius XII as thus: "He is straight, strong, taut as a watch spring, thin as a young tree, but tranquil and tranquilizing a Gothic figure whose vestments fall about him in Gothic folds, whose long hands are raised in Gothic gestures, both stiff and graceful." Pius XII was the only Pope to have visited America, once in 1936 when he was Vatican Secretary of State, and his pontificate was notable for its strengthened ties with the U.S. Five U.S. cardinals were named during his reign: James Cardinal Mclntyre, Edward Cardinal Mooney, Francis Cardinal Spellman, the late Samuel Cardinal Stritch, and the late John Cardinal Glennon. Two close personal friends of Pius XII were AmericansCardinal Spellman and Boston Tycoon Joseph P. Kennedy, onetime Ambassador to the Court of St. James's. In his preoccupation with the world at large and with his diplomat's tendency to avoid sharp edges, Pope Pius often neglected the Vatican itself. He seemed to shrink from making much-needed appointments to the central machinery of the church. This resulted in 15 vacancies at the time of his death in a superannuated College of Cardinals, no Secretary of State, no governor for Vatican City, and no camerlengo. One of his closest advisers sadly spoke out last week: "He provided badly for his successor."[/sub]
[sub]Though he had been sickly as a child, his constitution was remarkable, and he rallied amazingly from a serious illness four years ago. He was in good health until the recurrence, a week ago, of the gastric pain and hiccups that had plagued him in 1954. He soon struggled back into his stringent schedule, but one day last week, as his doctor was examining him, he suddenly cried in alarm, "Dio mio, non ci vedo!My God, I cannot see!" It was a stroke. The Pope fought back. His vision restored, he summoned his substitute Secretary of State, Angelo Dell'Acqua, and sharply demanded: "Why have the audiences been canceled?" He received Holy Communion and Extreme Unction from his German Jesuit secretary, Father Robert Leiber, but he peeked at the thermometer when his temperature was being taken and said "non é grave" when he saw it was only 99°. That night he drank a glass of red wine and called for a recording of Beethoven's First Symphony. At 7:30 the next morning, a second stroke left him unconscious but it took his stubborn body nearly 20 hours to die. The ancient, ponderous rituals quickly began. Swiss Guards drew a heavy iron chain across the Gandolfo Palace entrance, and in Rome the great bronze doors of St. Peter's clanged shut. Attendants removed the flannel pajamas in which the Pope died and dressed the body in a white silk cassock and an ermine-trimmed crimson velvet cape. Sister Pasqualina, the German nun who had been the Pope's devoted housekeeper, had a small ritual of her own. She assembled the Pope's half-dozen pet birds and, carrying their cage and two suitcases, left for an unannounced destination. Her task was done.[/sub]
[sub]Two members of the Noble Guard, with golden helmets and drawn swords, took up a vigil at the bedside. Later they guarded the body during its 15-mile-long trip to the Vatican, through the Roman streets that the first native Roman Pope in 200 years had loved well and strongly defended during WWII, passing a stone's throw away from the very house where he was born. Among the crowds that watched the motor hearse go by, there was already talk that some day Pope Pius XII may be canonized a saint. Several instances have been reported of unusual healing at his touch or prayer. Weight will be added to the arguments for his canonization by his reported vision of Jesus Christ just before his serious illness four years ago and his reported visions of the sun revolving in the sky as it did to announce the famed apparition of the Virgin to three shepherd children of Fatima, Portugal, in 1917. Whatever future learned tribunals may decide about his saintliness, millions who saw him or heard his words will require no visions, no miracles beyond the fact that Pius XII was able to make a tormented world feel "the attraction of Christian goodness."[/sub]
[/list]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui Sancto,
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, et in sæcula sæculorum. Amen.[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐑𝐎𝐌𝐄
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Ubertica, Brazil Toucan
October 1958
[sub]Newauroria EVENING[/sub]
v
|
The Vindicator
Breaking News: Canada Unveils New Tank "Vindicator" to Meet Military Needs
In a significant development for the Canadian military, the government has announced the ongoing development of a new tank called the "Vindicator." This advanced armored vehicle is being designed to address the specific requirements of the Canadian Armed Forces while considering factors such as cost-effectiveness, ease of maintenance, reliability, long-range capabilities, and its contribution to the recently launched 100% employment program.
The Vindicator project aims to provide the Canadian military with a state-of-the-art tank that can effectively meet the challenges of modern warfare and support national defense objectives. The development team, led by renowned Canadian engineers and military experts, has been working diligently to create a tank that combines advanced technology with practicality and efficiency.
Prime Minister Hazen Argue, in a press conference earlier today, expressed his enthusiasm for the Vindicator project:
Prime Minister Argue: "Ladies and gentlemen, I am proud to announce the development of the Vindicator tank, a testament to Canada's commitment to modernize its defense capabilities. Our goal is to equip our armed forces with a reliable and cost-effective armored vehicle that can effectively respond to the evolving security landscape while also supporting our domestic programs, such as the 100% employment initiative."
The Vindicator's design incorporates innovative features to enhance its operational effectiveness and combat capabilities. It will be equipped with advanced targeting systems, improved armor protection, and a powerful engine, ensuring its ability to perform in various terrains and combat situations.
Lieutenant-General Charles Foulkes, Chief of the Defence Staff, further elaborated on the Vindicator's objectives and specifications:
Lieutenant-General Charles: "The Vindicator tank has been developed to address the unique requirements of the Canadian military. Our focus has been on creating a tank that is not only capable of long-range operations and high reliability but also ensures ease of maintenance and affordability. The Vindicator will provide our troops with enhanced firepower, protection, and mobility, giving them a strategic advantage on the battlefield."
The Vindicator project is a testament to Canada's dedication to maintaining a robust and modern defense force. It also underscores the country's commitment to leveraging technological advancements to meet the evolving needs of its military forces.
The government has allocated substantial resources and funding to support the Vindicator's development and ensure its successful integration into the Canadian Armed Forces. The project is expected to create employment opportunities and boost the domestic defense industry.
As the Vindicator undergoes rigorous testing and evaluation, the Canadian government remains committed to providing regular updates on its progress. The anticipation is high as the Vindicator promises to be a vital asset in safeguarding Canada's national security interests and contributing to global peacekeeping efforts.
With the Vindicator tank, Canada takes a significant step forward in strengthening its defence capabilities, ensuring the safety of its citizens, and supporting the military's vital role in the nation's security.
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[spoiler=[sub]Military[/sub]
The Vindicator
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Peking Zhongguo, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Ubertica, Brazil Toucan
[list][sup]
(CCP) Peoples Republic of China / (CCP) 中华人民共和国
[/sup]
BEIJING RE-AFFIRMS COMMITMENT TO UNIFY THE TERRITORY OF TAIWAN!
北京重申对统一台湾领土的承诺!
[sub]October 1958 | 1958年10月
[/sub]
[list]
[sub]
BEIJING, CAPITAL PROVINCE | 北京,首都[/sub]
[sub]When the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) secured its undeniable victory in the Chinese Civil War in 1949, the Nationalist traitors to the Chinese people chose to flee to the island of Formosa, which they have now commandeered to establish a Western puppet democracy aligned with the United States and other Western powers. The Communist Party under Chairman Mao and Foreign Minister Zhou have remained fully committed to unifying the island province with the motherland. Foreign policy of the Peoples Republic of China regionally has been centered on ensuring that the so-called Republic of China receives minimal foreign support. As a result of the proximity of such a Western-backed state, the Peoples Liberation Army and the Peoples Liberation Army Navy have maintained a strong presence along Chinas eastern coastlines, keeping a close eye on events taking place on the island. [/sub]
[sub]After a traitorous speech by General Chiang Kai-shek, leader of the revolutionary Kuomintang forces on the island, Chairman Mao Zedong addressed a conference of party leaders and education officials in Beijing, center of the Capital Province (北京,首都), and offered his rebuke to the statements by the rouge General Chiang, who has been regarded on the mainland as a traitor to the people of China.[/sub]
[list][pre]现在在我看来,中华人民共和国和蒋介石及其资本主义游击队的流氓岛国之间的统一是不可避免的,这一点绝对没有疑问。通过最近的事件,台北已经证明了他们在管理一个尊重普通工人意愿的稳定、民主政府方面的无能。他们反而选择了上了西方人的当,说是要让所有人都富裕起来,而众所周知,从华盛顿和伦敦诞生的制度是压迫普通工人的制度。福尔摩沙人民的统一和解放是最重要的。
There is absolutely no doubt in my mind now that reunification between the Peoples Republic of China and the rogue island territory of Chiang Kai-shek and his capitalist guerillas is inevitable. Through recent events, Taipei has proven their ineptitude in running a stable, democratic government that respects the wishes of the common worker. They have instead chosen to fall for Western ruses of prosperity for all, when it is well known that the systems born out of Washington and London are systems of oppression of the common worker. Reunification and liberation for the people of Formosa is of the utmost priority.[/pre][/list]
[sub]Privately, Chairman Mao reluctantly conceded to Premier and Foreign Minister Zhou Enlais position on the issue: Temporary distance. There was zero doubt that the rogue island nation would eventually be reunified with the mainland territories, by force if necessary. But the small rogue government maintained the endorsement and recognition of many key Western nations. Despite Beijings distaste of Western capitalist states, they understood very well the weight their support carried. And presently, it was the so-called Republic of China that sat on the United Nations Security Council, rather than the Peoples Republic of China and the true peoples of China.[/sub]
[sub]While the Peoples Republic bid their time carefully, and Chairman Mao continued his internal efforts to shore up the people of China against the revolutionary Nationalist forces on Formosa, the Peoples Liberation Army (PLA) would continue growing; slowly, but surely, preparations for reunification would be made. No plans for a military offensive had been laid down, but preparations for the worst must be made.[/sub]
[sub]One of the opponents to initiating an all-out war against General Chiang was none other than Premier Zhou Enlai, the Chairmans right-hand man, protege, and Minister for Foreign Affairs. A pragmatist and diplomat at heart, he believed peaceful reunification to be the path forward, rather than a forced invasion. He also understood that now was not the ripe time for reunification; perhaps, in the future, when Beijing was better-recognized.[/sub]
[sub]当中国共产党(CCP)在1949年的中国内战中取得不可否认的胜利时,中国人民的国民党叛徒选择逃往台岛,他们现在征用台岛建立了一个与美国和其他西方国家结盟的西方傀儡民主。毛主席和周外长领导下的共产党仍然完全致力于将该岛省与祖国统一起来。中华人民共和国的外交政策在区域上一直以确保所谓的中华民国得到最小的外国支持为中心。由于接近这样一个西方支持的国家,中国人民解放军和中国人民解放军海军一直在中国东部海岸线上保持强大的存在,密切关注岛上发生的事件。[/sub]
[/list]
[B]
🇨🇳 🇨🇳 🇨🇳
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Ubertica, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan
[list][list]1958
17 September 1958[/list][/list]
[list][sub]Societal Fractures[/sub][/list]
LAGOS | Independence draws nearer. Day by aching day, British officials and Nigerian colonial authorities continue to negotiate the instruments of independence and the government of a soon-to-be liberated Nigeria. In Lagos, the center of colonial authority, representatives of the three regions continually meet and come to bouts over the identity, and structures of power, of an independent Nigeria. In such a vast and diverse realm, unifying such disparate peoples has proven a difficult task to prepare for, and fractures have already begun to develop among the people of Nigeria. |
| Since 1957, the country of Nigeria has been divided into three regions, largely a legacy of the colonial divisions of the land. Each three of the regions represent separate people groups, all of whom had before colonization never shared borders, customs, or identity. The internal divisions in Nigeria have left three different visions for an independent Nigeria - three competing goals for the future of the country. |
[list][list]EASTERN REGION - IGBO DREAMS FOR DOMINATION[/list][/list]
| The Eastern Region, the second largest of the three behind the Northern Region, is home to, among other people groups, the Igbo. Representing one of the 'three big demographic groups' of Nigeria alongside the Yoruba and the Hausa, the Igbo, alongside other groups such as the Ibibio and Ijaw, represent a population of nearly 8,000,000 of Nigeria's 45 million people. Among their ranks are men such as Nnamdi 'Ben' Azikiwe, the Premier of the Eastern Region and main champion of Nigerian independence; Jaja Wachuku, Prince of Ngwaland and one of the main foreign diplomats for the indigenous Nigerians; Raymond Njoku, Trade and Commerce Minister; and Halimnye Chydea Ekenedilichukwu, a former military officer turned political radical. Under the leadership of these men and others, the Igbo and associated clans and tribes have risen to dominate political discourse regarding independence. Though tightly aligned with the Yoruba peoples of the Western Region, the Igbo largely speak for themselves on the national level, an independent bloc, millions strong, helping to lead the charge for Nigerian independence. |
| In the Eastern Region, the great majority of political figures have banded together under the flag of the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons. The big-tent bloc of various African independence movements across British Africa, founded by Herbert Macaulay during the Second World War, advocates on behalf of dozens of political organizations, tribes, and unions across Nigeria as well as British Cameroon. Ben Azikiwe, the current national president of the National Council, has overseen its expansion throughout Nigeria and the Cameroons, and has grown the organization into the main body of Igbo advocacy in British Africa. Opposite of the Yoruba-majority Action Group and the Hausa-founded Northern People's Congress, the NCNC has faced great struggle in overcoming the domination of the Hausas who, being the largest and most unified of all the ethnic-based political blocs in the country, have dominated the discourse and elections in Nigeria on the local level. However, the largely Christian and British-friendly NCNC has been de facto chosen as the primary negotiators between the British government and the Nigerian locals, despite the prevalence of the NPC in most national affairs and the domination of the Action Group in Yorubaland. |
| The only outlier in the NCNC's stranglehold over the discussion on independence and Igbo nationalism has been H.C. Ekenedilichukwu. Largely considered the black sheep of the Eastern Region's upper hierarchy of figureheads, 'Chukwu' has risen to prominence as the head of the National Movement, a big-tent organization opposite the NCNC. Chukwu's goals with the National Movement, towing a more radical line than the NCNC, has grown to prominence for advocating for the total and unconditional withdraw of all British military and political personnel from Nigeria in order to foster immediate and total independence within the country, the annexation of the British Cameroons upon independence, and the establishment of a strong, central democratic socialist government with strong ties to the United Kingdom, France, the United States, and other western powers. Chukwu's socialist policies, met with much ire by the NCNC, the Northern People's Council, the Action Group and British officials, have grown increasingly popular among Nigeria's educated, regardless of background, as well as certain colonial officials who see Chukwu's 'radically independent, integrally integrated' approach to the West as a buffer for instability or the threat of a pro-Eastern government in the massive and resource-rich Nigeria. While the National Movement and its associated organizations continue to remain the least popular of the four main blocs in Nigerian politics, the cross-cultural reach of its unitarian message continues to resonate among an increasing audience, posing a potential threat for the NCNC leadership's goal of Igbo domination in the new Nigerian government. |
[list][list]WESTERN REGION - THE YORUBAS FIGHT FOR A VOICE[/list][/list]
| The Western Region of Nigeria, the home of Yorubaland, is both at the center of Nigerian politics, and at the farthest fringes of it. Home to the national capital of Lagos, the people of the Western Region have long been the most unheard in the discussions of independence. The Action Group, a majority-Yoruba far-left organization, maintains the continual support of a plurality of citizens in the Western Region and the capital of Lagos, but have been absolutely decimated by the NCNC, the NPC, and the National Movement outside of Yorubaland, handedly losing in every single local election since the beginning of self-rule. However, Premier Obafemi Awolowo has risen to become one of Nigeria's most important pro-independence figureheads, ensuring that the Yoruba, no matter how singular, have a large voice in national discussion advocating for their proclivities towards federalism and far-left socialism. Through Awolowo, the Action Group's calls for the establishment of policies such as a welfare state have been heard, if quietly, in the halls of Nigerian government, and in the halls of London's policymakers. They go unpopular, but go nonetheless. |
| Tensions in the state capital of Ibadan and throughout the Western Region continue to run high as the Yoruba people prepare for the possibility of a future independent of the British, but at the hands of the Igbo or the Hausa. Clinging strong to their educated elite in Lagos and Ibadan, the Yoruba people continue to foster a culture of progressivism, forward-thinking, and self-determination as the uncertain future draws nearer. |
[list][list]NORTHERN REGION - HAUSA, DEFINERS OF AN EPOCH[/list][/list]
| The origins of the modern Nigerian state date back to Lugard's Amalgamation of 1914 when, under the control of British colonial magistrate Frederick Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard, the separate and incredibly diverse British colonies of Southern Nigeria and Northern Nigeria where brought into one fold. The 1914 amalgamation of Nigeria saw the unification of two different colonies with vastly different demographics, histories, traditions, cultures, and political organizations for one purpose - easier management of the region under the iron fist of the British. Insofar as ensuring the domination of the Nigerias, Governor-General Lugard's amalgamation sought to utilize the ancient and well-established autarchic system of the northern Hausas as a tool of oppression against the southern, much more progressive and western-educated southerners. Since 1914, the majority of Nigeria's local officials have come from the ranks of the Muslim Hausas, a trend only recently being broken by an increasing number of Igbos and Yorubas being represented in government. |
| Life for the Hausas under British administration has, since the turn of the century, been one of dominance and stability. Ruling over Nigeria as the British authorities' primary local allies, the Hausas have been able to exert control over most facets of Nigerian life and politics. Tribal Hausa chiefs who had once presided over their close relatives and clans have seen themselves become the ruling class of a country of nearly forty million people. Funds from the much more urban and developed south have been systematically transferred north over the last fifty years to fund a variety of projects and administrative endeavors, while the northerners' system of strict jurisprudence has become the norm across all of Nigeria. The north-south culture exchange has become, by far, the defining hallmark of British rule in Nigeria, for better or worse. |
| As the country moves towards independence, the conservative Hausa-backed Northern People's Council has been forced to make concessions to the much more moderate and Igbo-majority NCNC in order to maintain a majority in local legislatures, especially when pressed by the leftism of the Action Group and the National Movement. While the Northern People's Council continues to maintain the majority in the north, and a stranglehold over federal politics, their grasp over the democratic systems in Nigeria's future has come into question, causing the Hausa's traditional leadership to increasingly warm to British authorities as they prepare their exit. Importantly, the National Government coalition between the NCNC and the NPC under Chief Minister and designated-Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa has done much to ensure that, upon independence, the NPC's dominance of the government will be preserved, if only temporarily, while the movers and shakers in the party work to ensure control over functions of a post-independence government in the long term. |
[list][list]THE MOVE TOWARDS INDEPENDENCE[/list][/list]
| As the Balewa-led National Government continues to oversee the move towards independence by 1960, the various societal and demographic fractures in the Protectorate of Nigeria continue to be increasingly exposed, but held together by the wisdom of local authorities. Where the country will move after independence in 1960 is mostly a guessing game, besides a likelihood of NPC dominance over the legislature and judicial systems in the country. In the capital of Lagos, an increasing number of young and educated urbanites have moved towards radical groups such as the Action Group and the National Movement, while in the countryside, rural farmers and agrarians have increasingly solidified around tribal leaders, monarchs, and figureheads for unity and community in such uncertain times. |
"𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙣𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙉𝙞𝙜𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙢𝙪𝙨𝙩 𝙗𝙚 𝙪𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨𝙩𝙤𝙤𝙙 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙚𝙙 𝙗𝙮 𝙖𝙡𝙡 - 𝙪𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙧 𝙣𝙤 𝙘𝙞𝙧𝙘𝙪𝙢𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚𝙨 𝙘𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙉𝙞𝙜𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙖𝙘𝙝𝙞𝙚𝙫𝙚 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙘𝙚 𝙞𝙣 𝙖 𝙘𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙮 𝙬𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙫𝙖𝙨𝙩 𝙢𝙖𝙟𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙮 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙚𝙤𝙥𝙡𝙚 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙨𝙚𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙚𝙜𝙞𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚𝙨, 𝙨𝙚𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙜𝙤𝙖𝙡𝙨, 𝙨𝙚𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙫𝙞𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨. 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙉𝙞𝙜𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙬𝙤𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙪𝙨𝙩 𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙩𝙤𝙜𝙚𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙧, 𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙙, 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙫𝙞𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣, 𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙥𝙪𝙧𝙥𝙤𝙨𝙚, 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙛𝙖𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙜𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙙𝙫𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙤𝙛 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣."
[list][list][list]- H.C. Ekenedilichukwu, 1958[/list][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Spainard, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Ubertica, Greater Kurdistane
[list][PRE]September 1958[/pre][/list]
[list][list][list][list][pre]A Haze of Socialist Fever[/pre][/list][/list][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre] P L U S - U L T R A[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][I]Madrid Spainard
[sub][I]THE SPANISH KINGDOM OF SPAIN[/I][/sub][/list]
[list]|[sub]Herman De Garcia, the Opposition Leader, has emerged as a dominant figure in Spanish politics since launching his campaign for head of government a few months ago. He passionately criticizes Alavrez's domestic and foreign policies, considering them 'inadequate.' De Garcia remains steadfast in his commitment to secure the country's political future and emphasizes the importance of political stability as the driving force behind his campaign. According to De Garcia, embracing new ideals and a more liberal or progressive mindset would contribute to the nation's stability. However, there is a shift in Alvarez's stance and that of his supporters, losing their position as frontrunners in social progressiveness. The youth are increasingly expressing their desire for more social freedoms, particularly in terms of homosexual relationships. Protests in Madrid and other major cities throughout the country emphasize the need for more liberal policies. Under Alavrez's rebuttal, he maintained the talking points of introducing free-thinking education, modeled by the late American philosopher John Dewey, who spoke against modelized education. It may seem that his very own liberal ideology five years later has come back to haunt the very institutions he governs.[/sub]
|[sub]With general elections soon, Prime Minister Francis Alvarez will likely only serve one term. There has been much discussion regarding the Basque and ETA issues in Spain, which has caused significant debate and a shift towards a more liberal agenda in the country's politics. Many question the values of the long-standing conservative majority in power, and some believe that Prime Minister Alvarez represents an outdated way of thinking about the country's direction. Industrialization and revitalization of the Spanish economy have brought much success to the nation without question; however, many of the country's youth refuse to acknowledge the cabalistic societal norms that favor large industrial businesses over the rights and freedoms of individuals. As we enter a new decade, significant changes in lifestyle, work ethic, and political beliefs are happening. This makes the current political climate an excellent opportunity for those seeking to make significant changes.[/sub]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Por siempre España; Siempre libre; Siempre Iguales[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Knights Empire
[list][list][list][pre]RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
FRENCH BUREAUCRACY
PALAIS DE LELYSÉE[/pre][/list]
______
ÉLYSÉE PALACE: THE VTH REPUBLIC UNDER DE GAULLE AND THE POWERFUL FRENCH PRESIDENT
[sub]VTH FRENCH REPUBLIC | PARIS, OCTOBER 1958 [/sub][/list]
[sub]| HELM OF DÈMOCRATIE, PALAIS DE LELYSÉE - | Under De Gaulle's new constitution, the President, who under the Fourth Republic was largely a figurehead, becomes in the Fifth the fountainhead of power. De Gaulle will undoubtedly become that President in December as he currently has absolute emergency powers, without hindrance, as Premier in the meantime.[/sub]
[sub]The constitutional President will have the authority to appointand dischargePremiers who "shall direct the operation of the government" and "ensure the execution of the laws." The President will sign ordinances and decrees, negotiate and ratify treaties, control the appointments to civil and military posts. He is empowered to dissolve Parliament after "consultation" with, and without necessarily getting the consent of, the Premier. If the President decides that a national emergency exists, he may after consultations assume dictatorial powers by simple proclamation; at any time he can suppress political parties that he considers opposed to the "principles of national sovereignty and of democracy." He is elected to his seven-year term not by direct vote of the nation, but by an electoral college that favors rural and conservative regional interests.[/sub]
[sub]As the presidency gains in weight and power, Parliament sinks, thus making an increased Muslim representation in it of less importance. Parliament is permitted to meet only twice a year and then for only three months at a time. Parliament can pass laws, but only in certain circumscribed areas. No Deputy's vote may be counted if he is absent, and if a Deputy accepts either a Cabinet post or a government position, he must withdraw from Parliament. Much of that which lies in the 8,000-word constitution of De Gaulle seems obscure and remains to be determined by "organic laws" yet to be written, but a powerful new nine-man Constitutional Council with three members each appointed by the President of the Senate, the President of the Assembly and the President will have much the same power as the U.S. Supreme Court to determine the legality of laws and acts.[/sub]
[sub]The best victories are the ones so well prepared that they come easy and seem effortless. Such a victory did Charles de Gaulle win last week. Within one month of earning his overwhelming election mandate, he used that triumph to put himself clearly on top, and clearly in charge, both in France and in Algeria. De Gaulle's triumph, conducted for the most part in discreet silences and behind the scenes, was nonetheless the climax of an epic political struggle. In Algeria, De Gaulle's first objective had always been to break the illicit power of the Committees of Public Safetythe hard-nosed, ruthless union of right-wing settlers and political colonels that sparked the Algiers insurrection of last May and prepared De Gaulle's way to power.[/sub]
[sub]De Gaulle did not move against the committees until the referendum gave him true legitimacy and an overwhelming public mandate. Early this month, when a pair of Algerian Muslim visitors privately reported to him that the Algiers Committee of Public Safety had already chosen a list of "approved Muslim candidates'' for next month's election to the French National Assembly, he decided to act. "What imbeciles!" exploded De Gaulle. "The future of Algeria depends on these elections, and here they are circulating lists designed to sabotage all the plans." Still seething, De Gaulle fired off a peremptory directive to General Raoul Salan, French commander in chief in Algeria. In it De Gaulle ordered that:[/sub]
[sub]¶ Muslims of every political stripe must be free to run for office, excepting only active members of the rebel F.L.N. with criminal charges against them. Even candidates who favor outright Algerian independence must be allowed to run.[/sub]
[sub]¶ All soldiers must resign "without delay" from Committees of Public Safety.[/sub]
[sub]¶ Seizures of newspapers in Algeria must stop unless Salan's administrators were prepared to bring legal charges against the editors involved.[/sub]
[sub]Ruefully impressed by De Gaulle's sweeping referendum victory in Algeria, the rebel F.L.N. has in recent weeks repeatedly proclaimed its willingness to negotiate with France. As one index of its peaceful intentions, the F.L.N. arranged to release some of its captured French prisoners this week. De Gaulle's bloodless triumph in Algeria electrified all France. Even so outspoken an opponent of De Gaulle's coming to power as ex-Premier Pierre Mendes-France declared: "We only ask to share the effort led by the man who has rendered such great services to his country." | [/sub]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]VIVE LA RÉPUBLIQUE!
VIVE LA FRANCE!
VIVE LEMPIRE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐌
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Rutannia, Spainard, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Holy Vatican City States, New Provenance, Monaco-, Andorra-, Provenancia, Maziya, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok, Knights Empire
[list]October 1958
[sub]Bloody Tuesday[/sub][/list]
[list][sub]The Hamhung Slaughter[/sub][/list]
[sub]HAMHUNG, Rutannia EVENING[/sub]
| The city of Hamhung had seen rapid industrialisation during Japans occupation of the peninsula in the early half the the 20th century, a city largely unscathed by the Korean War it has become one of the busiest industrial centres in Korea. Unlike much of Korea the trade union movement in Hamhung is strong, largely thanks to its location far from Seoul and its time under the short lived DPRK. The city is a Workers Party stronghold who have held control of the Metropolitan Assembly and Mayoralty since democratisation in 1953, however this often places the city at odds with the Rhee controlled central government. Recent crackdowns on trade unions have caused tension to build beneath the surface as the central government continues to crack the whip on Koreas struggling economy. |[list][list]
"When workers are struggling to make ends meet, it is not only the workers who suffer, but their families too. President Rhee's government relies on us, we hold the power, not them. Without us there is no economy!" - Seong Chung-Ae, Trade Union Official[/list][/list]
| The erosion of workers rights as Rhee pivoted his focus on the economy had caused further tensions to build as working hours increased; pay stagnated; and safety was all but a suggestion the unions in Hamhung felt now was a chance to be heard and demand better pay and standards. General Strikes had been outlawed since the Jeju Uprising in 1948, a law that was carried over into the unified republic, however the cause was deemed too great to follow such laws. On the morning of October 21st thousands of workers unexpectedly piled into the streets; from dockworkers to machinists, all demanding better working conditions and pay. Some estimates put the number around 10,000 workers demonstrating in the streets, businesses and the government were completely caught off guard by the protest as Hamhung and the wider area that relied on the city ground to a halt. |[list][list]
"Striking is a fundamental right of any workers, I am happy to negotiate with them to lobby central government to increase workers protections, this is something my party and I have always advocated for. President Rhee's government is exploiting workers to line their own pockets." - Yuk Jung-Hee, Mayor of Hamhung[/list][/list]
| Initially both the Mayor of Hamhung and the Governor of South Hamgyeong both refused to send in the military to break up the protests, instead opting to send in a small number of police officers to keep the protest under control and monitored. However by one oclock in the afternoon, President Rhee had overruled both officials and ordered the military to break up the protest by any means possible. The instructions from Rhees office had set the scene for one of bloodiest days in Korea since the end of the Korean War, a battalion from the 6th Blue Star Infantry Division was ordered to the city centre to break up the ongoing strike. |[list][list]
"I want them dispersed, we can't have socialists running riot on the streets, treat it like an insurgency, disperse them by any means possible" - President Syngman Rhee's orders to the 6th Division[/list][/list]
| As the troops entered the main city centre on foot and in jeeps, it was a surprise to most of the protesters. Repeated calls for the strikers to return to work and disband were ignored by the group, a few of the striking workers had begun taunting the gathered troops, with one hurling a brick towards the defensive line that had been set up. At this point without direct orders one of the infantry fired shots above the heads of the protesters near where the brick had been thrown from. The action had dire consequences as pandemonium broke loose as protesters ran in all directions fearing for their lives, in the chaos the battalion claimed the shots had come from the crowd itself. Believing their lives were in danger they began to open fire on the crowd of workers that had formed into a panicked mob trying to duck for cover and flee the scene. |[list][list]
"Rivers of blood flowed through the streets staining it like dye on a fabric, the screams and panic and fallen away replaced by an air of fear and grief, many layed lifeless, others groaned as other protesters carted them off, Hamhung fell silent as the slaughter ended." - Report Presented to the Changdeok Faction[/list][/list]
| A mere forty minutes after the troops had arrived the streets were stained red with blood, some said it flowed like rivers into drains. Order, at least according to the regime, had been restored. Official government channels claimed that the group of workers were an armed mob attempting to overthrow the regional government and had to be swiftly dealt with, in reality the day had seen ninety-seven killed with more than four-hundred injured in the skirmish. Although reports of the slaughter were greatly suppressed by the government, stories and accounts made their way through the region and Rhee opponents rapidly, quickly becoming known as Bloody Tuesday or the Hamhung Slaughter. An outraged Workers Party demanded a full inquiry into the matter, with President Rhee and his government denying the reports and sticking with their original story. |[list][list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bhaarat Lok
The Abolishment of French West Africa
October 1958
With the creation of the new French Constitution by Charles De Gaulle, with numerous petitions and often unwanted advice from Léopold Senghor. In this new constitution would come the abolishment of French West Africa, the colonial federation that had existed since 1895.
The replacement of this federation would be the French Community, a looser autonomous organization of French-controlled states. This new arrangement would also signal the shift towards independence for the constituent colonies of the former French West African colony. While still technically under French rule, with French-appointed colonial governors, and controlled elections, France laid out a 2 year transition period by which the colonies could go from autonomous to full independence by 1960.
Léopold Senghor for Senegal, Louis Beavogui for Guinea, Maurice Yameogo for Upper Volta, and Modibo Keïta for Sudan would all meet together shortly after the adoption of the constitution. With the announcement of the end of the Federation and the beginning of the transition towards independence, the 4 colonies announced their intent to form the Federation of Mali, by 1959.
It was said in the so-called Dakar Declaration, that the initial government setup was also laid out. Modibo Keïta would be a more ceremonial face of the nation, as the President of Mali. A role that fits his charismatic nature, and his regal name. Maurice Yaméogo would be the first Vice President. A socialite who enjoyed mingling with the high society, Yamèogo would serve well abroad rubbing shoulders with political leaders across the globe. The far more powerful Prime Minister role would go to Léopold Senghor who was more concerned with the inner workings of the state, and managing the government. His Deputy Prime Minister would be Beavogui, a quiet workhorse who would do well providing stability and intelligence to the state.
As France seemed to focus on troubles at home, and the increasingly brutal Algerian War, the colonies of West Africa, saw freedom within their grasp for the first time.
1960, and Freedom Lay Ahead
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Holy Vatican City States, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Maziya, Ubertica, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
[list][list][list][pre]STATUS CIVITATIS VATICANAE
VATICAN CITY STATE
THE HOLY SEE[/pre][/list]
______
SECRETARY OF STATE OF HIS HOLINESS: ANGELO GIUSEPPE RONCALLI, PATRIARCH OF VENICE ELECTED AS POPE JOHN XXIII, 262nd VICAR OF CHRIST AND BISHOP OF ROME
[sub]VATICAN CITY | ROME, OCTOBER MCMLVIII[/sub][/list]
[sub]| SECRETARIUS STATUS SANCTITATIS SUAE - | "Tu es Petrus" (Thou art Peter) sang the choir, and the ancient hymn set off a roar that swept across St. Peter's Square and down Via della Conciliazione to the Tiber's banks: "Viva il Papa! Viva il Papa! Viva il Papa!" His Holiness John XXIII, Bishop of Rome, 262nd Supreme Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church, paused at the entrance to the Basilica of St. Peter, a square, strong rock of a man beneath the jeweled miter and glistening white robes.[/sub]
[sub]Twelve silver trumpets sounded, and the procession entered the vast basilica. Behind representatives of the ancient ordersFranciscans, Dominicans, Benedictines, Cistercianswalked dignitaries of Rome's churches, breastplated Swiss guardsmen, velvet-clad chamberlains of honor, honorary privy chaplains, patriarchs, mace-bearers and scarlet-mantled cardinals, fan bearers and Noble Guards. In the chapel of St. Gregory, the cardinals made obeisance to the Pope, kissing his right hand. Then John XXIII was vested to celebrate his solemn papal Mass. Three times during the procession to the main altar the Pope was halted by the master of ceremonies to receive a small brazier of glowing coals and a handful of flax that the Pope threw upon the fire. Then, as the flax flared up and was gone in a puff of smoke, the master of ceremonies looked into the Pontiff's eyes and intoned the ancient warning: "Pater sancte, sic transit gloria mundi""Holy Father, thus passes the glory of the world." In the course of the Mass, an assisting cardinal placed on the Pope's shoulders the pallium, a white wool band symbolizing his authority as Bishop of Rome, and the sacristan performed the grim ritual of tasting the wine to be used, as reminder of the days when Popes often died by poison. At the conclusion of the Mass a silk purse containing 25 ancient coins was presented to the Pontiff, traditional payment for "a Mass well done."[/sub]
[sub]Outside St. Peter's all of Rome seemed to be assembled, kneeling and praying. Finally the new Pope appeared on the balcony and the papal tiarathe jewel-studded triple diadem that symbolizes the sanctifying, ruling and teaching powers of the churchwas placed on the large, rugged peasant head of Angelo Roncalli. He heard the ancient Latin formula: "Receive the tiara adorned with three crowns and know that thou art the father of princes and of kings, Pontiff of the whole world, and vicar on this earth of our Saviour, Jesus Christ, to whom is honor and glory, world without end." Angelo Roncalli has no Caesarean ambitions, but he did not tiptoe into his reign; he stomped in boldly like the owner of the place, throwing open windows and moving furniture around. When the portly Pope, robed in the too-tight papal vestments excited chamberlains had selected for him appeared in a blaze of searchlights last week on St. Peter's balcony to administer his first Urbi et orbi blessing, he noticed many clerics who had left the sealed-off conclave area to watch the occasion. Later he jokingly told them: "You have all just incurred excommunication. But I shall use my new authority to relieve you of it." Nevertheless he broke tradition by sending word to the astonished cardinals that instead of leaving the conclave, as is customary after the new Pope's election, he wanted them to remain there overnight.[/sub]
[sub]Presumably, Pope John joined his cardinals that nightperhaps he addressed them, perhaps asked their views on some of the problems ahead. Instead of spending the next 24 hours in seclusion as had been expected, he was on the air next day with his first message to the world, broadcast by Vatican Radio in 36 languages. Appealing to "leaders of all nations," he asked:[/sub]
[list][sub]"Why must the resources of human ingenuity and the wrath of nations be turned more and more to the preparation of armspernicious instruments of death and destructioninstead of improving the welfare of all classes, particularly the poorer classes? We know, it is true, that to bring about so laudable, so praiseworthy a proposition and to level the differences there are grave and intricate difficulties in the way, but they must be victoriously overcome, even if by force: this is, in fact, the most important undertaking, connected with the prosperity of all mankind."[/sub][/list]
[sub]Virtually everyone at the Vatican, of whatever faction, wants an overhauling of the Vatican's administrative machinery, which Pius XII allowed to grow rusty, and Pope John wasted not a second. Among other steps, he:[/sub]
[list][sub]¶ Appointed Monsignor Domenico Tardini Pro-Secretary of State. Under Pius XII, who acted as his own Secretary of State, sagacious Diplomat Tardini had been merely Pro-Secretary of State for Extraordinary Affairs: the new appointment carries with it the virtual assurance of promotion to full Secretary of State and a red hat at the next consistory.[/sub]
[sub]¶ Restored the practice of giving regular weekly audiences to the Curia cardinals, even if they have no pressing business. The custom was discontinued four years ago by Pius XII.[/sub]
[sub]¶ Restored the tradition, abandoned by the last two Popes, of placing his red cardinal's zucchetto on the head of the secretary of the conclave, Monsignor Alberto di Jorio, thereby making him a cardinal.[/sub]
[sub]¶ Designated a coronation date five days earlier than had been anticipated. Popes are traditionally crowned on a Sunday, but the Pope selected Tuesday, Nov. 4, instead of the following Sunday, because it is the feast day of St. Charles Borromeo, to whom the Pope is especially devoted.[/sub]
[sub]¶ Received non-Italian cardinals in a daily round of special audiences to take advantage of their presence in Rome. One of the first and most cordially received was the cardinal in the hottest spot of all Poland's Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski, a close friend of the Pope.[/sub]
[sub]¶ Instructed Count Giuseppe della Torre, director of the Vatican daily L'Osservatore Romano, to eliminate honorific phrases about the Pope, e.g., "The Highest Pontiff," "The Illuminated Holy Father," "As we gathered from the august lips." Said John: "It would be much better if you simply said 'The Pope has done this' and 'The Pontiff has said that.' "[/sub]
[sub]¶ Announced his hope of traveling abroad, specifically to Spain, France, Germany, Benelux, Mexico, La Plata and The United States. Last week the auxiliary bishop in Venice quoted the Pope as saying casually: "You know, I hope I'll be able to attend the closing of the centenary celebration of Lourdes, and I also hope to pay a visit to my beloved Venice."[/sub][/list]
[sub]The new Pope was also energetically shouldering his way through a massive cumulus of routine and ritual, reopening the papal study, which had been sealed on Pius XII's death, selecting his living quarters (the same three sparsely furnished rooms occupied by the last three Popes), meeting the household staff, learning his way around his tiny temporal kingdom of 110 acres and some 1,000 inhabitants. Perhaps one of the Pope's most appealing and characteristic actions last week was his detailed explanation to the cardinals of why he had chosen the name John. He stated: "I choose John ... a name sweet to us because it is the name of our father, dear to me because it is the name of the humble parish church where I was baptized, the solemn name of numberless cathedrals scattered throughout the world, including our own basilica of St. John Lateran. Twenty-two Johns of indisputable legitimacy have been Pope, and almost all had a brief pontificate. We have preferred to hide the smallness of our name behind this magnificent succession of Roman Popes. We love the name of John because it reminds us of John the Baptist, precursor of our Lord . . . and the other John, the disciple and evangelist, who said: 'My children, love one another, love one another because this is the grand precept of Christ.' Perhaps we can, by taking the name of this first series of holy Popes, have something of his sanctity and strength of spirit, evenif God wills itto the spilling of blood."[/sub]
[sub]Everyone was aware of the burdens a septuagenarian was shouldering. The Pope's doctor, Paolo Venchierutti, has announced that the somewhat overweight Pontiff (205 Ibs.) "has a robust stamina unweakened by the years." He generally sleeps no more than six hours a nightretiring at 10 and rising at 4. But however strong his body and short his sleep, the problems that confront his reign are a formidable legacy.[/sub]
[list][sub]¶ NEW CARDINALS. The most pressing matter before the new Pope is the need for more cardinals to shoulder the work of the church. Of the 53 present members of the college, twelve are more than 80, and only six are less than 60. England is without a red hat, and the U.S., which once had five, now has only two. Africa, The Philippines and Mexico would each like a cardinal. So complex and widespread have the church's affairs become that many Vatican officials feel that the Pope should expand the college beyond the present limit of 70. The Pope can raise the limit to any figure he sees fit. Whether he chooses to fill up the college in one or two big consistories, or does it piecemeal in a series of small ones, Vaticaners feel that the new Pope, a clean-desk administration man without the procrastinating tendencies of his predecessor, will make this his first order of business.[/sub]
[sub]¶ THE CHURCH OF SILENCE. The church is responsible for roughly 52,552,000 Catholics behind the Iron Curtain. Should it encourage religion thereand so increase the risk of persecution and tortureor should it do nothing and let the Communists try slowly to freeze Christianity? Or is there a possibility of compromise? Several third-hand feelers from the Soviet side were extended during the reign of Pius XII, and ignored.[/sub]
[sub]¶ SCHISM IN CHINA. Pope Pius XII was fearful of forcing the Catholics in China into deeper schism by excommunicating the Chinese bishops who are making valid but unauthorized consecrations, hence went no farther than deploring their action in one of his last encyclicals. Insiders are waiting to see whether or not Pope John will take a tougher line.[/sub]
[sub]¶ LATIN AMERICA. With one-third of the world's Catholics at roughly 172,271,000, Latin America has the smallest number of priests per capita in the worldone to every 4,810 Catholics. In addition to the relatively low educational level of the churchmen there, even including the bishops, the Catholic Church is threatened in Latin America by a major development of Protestant missions. Protestant missionaries in Latin America have increased since 1916 from 1,689 to 6,303, and the number of Protestants has gone up from 169,880 to 4,614,000.[/sub][/list]
[sub]Formidable as may be the new Pope's problems, they shrink somewhat when measured against past challenges to the papacy; an institution that spans Christian history from persecution under Nero to persecution under Khrushchev, has dealt with inimical philosophies from stoicism to existentialism, has survived dangers from its own corruption during the Renaissance to physical attack during the Italian Risorgimento. Whatever threats Christianity will face under Pope John's reign will not necessarily be greater than the invasion of the Lombards from whom Gregory the Great saved Rome. Whatever tests await Pope John's diplomacy will recall that behind him lies the record of Hildebrand (Gregory VII, 1073-1085), who kept Henry IV of Germany waiting barefoot in the snow for three days and established the spiritual authority of the church over the temporal power of monarchs. And no schismatic efforts of the Chinese Communists to divide Chinese Catholics from the church in Rome could result in a more apparently hopeless tangle than the Schism of 1378, which reached a climax with three competing Popes, three Colleges of Cardinals, three sets of bishops, priests and tax collectors.[/sub]
[sub]To judge from his record so far, Pope John XXIII will face the dangers and confusions of his era with the patience expressed by his favorite maxim of government, and probably with more force than it suggests. The maxim: Omnia videre, multa dissimulare, pauca corrigereto see everything, to turn a blind eye on much of it, to correct a little. |[/sub]
[/list]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui Sancto,
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, et in sæcula sæculorum. Amen.[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐑𝐎𝐌𝐄
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Maziya, Ubertica, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
[list][list][pre]B E N E L U X[/pre][sub]03 October 1958[/sub][/list]
HET HART VAN EUROPA THE KINGDOM OF THE BENELUX;
[sub]General Affairs | Council of State receives Nuclear Energy report[/sub]
[pre] [/pre]
[list][sub][pre]Within the meeting chamber of the Council of State, Prime Minister Picard presents a report from the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Development, concerning the current state of civil nuclear research in the Benelux. After decades of formal research, the United Kingdom is on the precipice of major breakthroughs which will make commercial nuclear power a viable and more affordable option for consumers across the Kingdom. Further, the Ministry reports that the NCDPs goal of near complete atomization of the energy sector will eliminate dependence on the global fossil fuel market, giving way to economic, social, and diplomatic security. However, the report notes that the success of this program hinges on continued popular support, and the maintenance of positive relations with Zaire whose 1957 agreement with the Benelux, has made possible the rebuilding of our Uranium stockpile. All this, after the Prime Minister visited one of the two nuclear research facilities at Mol.[/pre][/sub][/list]
[pre] [/pre]
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1884452
[pre] [/pre]
____________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
[pre]| OCTOBER OCTUBRE 1958 |[/pre]
[list][list][list][pre]RC ★ REPUBLIC OF CUBA
REPÚBLICA DE CUBA
RDC |[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
THE CUBAN REVOLUTION:
CASTRO, GUEVARA, AND THE PEOPLE!
LA REVOLUCIÓN CUBANA:
¡CASTRO, GUEVARA Y EL PUEBLO!
| GRANMA AND HER SONS OF LIBERATION | LA GRANMA Y SUS HIJOS DE LA LIBERACIÓN |
[pre]| Eighty-Two freedom fighters of M-26-7 found themselves on the Caribbean Sea armed with rifles and ideals that would shape Cuban History and leftist history for a long time to come. Leading this cause was the famed Fidel Castro. After multiple days of bad weather the Revolutionaries found themselves arriving later than they thought, allowing Batista forces to find the correct location of the landing. Only three days into the operation 81 percent would be killed in a brutal ambush by the Cuban Constitutional Army. Fortunately all the commanders of los expedicionarios del yate Granma: Fidel Castro, Raúl Castro, Che Guevara, and Camilo Cienfuegos survived the deadly ambush that could have ended the coming Revolution in a matter of days. The survivors of the ambush were able to make their way to the Sierra Maestra and begin a Peoples War against Bastista and his goons of the Cuban Constitutional Army. The Cuban Revolution had arrived![/pre]
| Los expedicionarios del yate Granma roster |
[pre]| Fidel Castro, Juan Manuel Márquez Rodríguez, Faustino Pérez, José Smith Comas, Juan Almeida Bosque, Raúl Castro, Pablo Díaz, Félix Elmuza, Armando Huau, Che Guevara, Antonio López, Teniente Jesús Reyes, Cándido González, Onelio Pino, Roberto Roque, Jesús Montané, Mario Hidalgo, César Gómez, Rolando Moya, Horacio Rodríguez, José Ponce Díaz, José Ramón Martínez, Fernando Sánchez-Amaya, Arturo Chaumont, Norberto Collado, Gino Donè Paro, Julio Díaz, René Bedia, Evaristo Montes de Oca, Esteban Sotolongo, Andrés Luján, José Fuentes, Pablo Hurtado, Emilio Albentosa, Luis Crespo, Rafael Chao, Ernesto Fernández, Armando Mestre, Miguel Cabañas, Eduardo Reyes, Humberto Lamothe, Santiago Hirzel, Enrique Cuélez, Mario Chanes, Manuel Echevarría, Fransisco González, Mario Fuentes, Noelio Capote, Raúl Suárez, Gabriel Gil, Luis Arcos, Alfonso Guillén Zelaya, Miguel Saavedra, Pedro Sotto, Arsenio García, Israel Cabrera, Carlos Bermúdez, Antonio Darío López, Oscar Rodríguez, Camilo Cienfuegos, Gilberto García, René Reiné, Jaime Costa, Norberto Godoy, Enrique Cámara, Raúl Díaz, Armando Rodríguez, Calixto García, Calixto Morales, Reinaldo Benítez, René Rodríguez, Jesús Gómez, Francisco Chicola, Universo Sánchez, Efigenio Ameijeiras, Ramiro Valdés, Tomás Royo, Arnaldo Pérez, Ciro Redondo, Rolando Santana, Ramón Mejias, and José Morán |[/pre]
| Los expedicionarios del yate Granma survivors |
[pre]| Fidel Castro, Raúl Castro, Guevara, Armando Rodríguez, Faustino Pérez, Ramiro Valdés, Universo Sánchez, Efigenio Ameijeiras, René Rodríguez, Camilo Cienfuegos, Juan Almeida Bosque, Calixto García, Calixto Morales, Reinaldo Benítez, Julio Díaz, Luis Crespo Cabrera, Rafael Chao, Ciro Redondo, José Morán, Carlos Bermúdez, and Fransisco González. |[/pre]
| 1957 SEES THE M-26-7 EMBEDDED IN THE SOUTH AND SECOND NATIONAL FRONT OF ESCAMBRAY EMBEDDED IN CENTRAL CUBA | 1957 VE EL M-26-7 INCORPORADO EN EL SUR Y SEGUNDO FRENTE NACIONAL DE ESCAMBRAY INCORPORADO EN CUBA CENTRAL |
[pre]| January saw numerous captures of Cuban Army positions across the Sierra Maestra. These initial successes saw a flooding of support within Cuba and outside of Cuba. This led to Cuban University students to launch a naive strike against Batista himself. The Havana Presidential Palace attack saw 46 DRE Revolutionaries striking the building and breaking into the building getting only meters away from Batista before being pushed out the building due to the failure of a secondary force of Revolutionaries from arriving to their positions. The failure was immense to the efforts of the revolution as Batista upped his attacks on the revolution leading to numerous extrajudicial killings of revolutionaries and civilians sympathetic to the cause. Castro himself stated Tyranny could not be ended by the death of a single man, Tyranny is a system that must be destroyed. |[/pre]
[pre]| In May, M-26-7 successfully took the coastal town of El Uvero showing the Militants ability to truly break out of the Sierra Maestra. Later in the year saw the death of numerous Revolutionaries, including the very important death of Frank País. He was executed by National Police after his capture while he was attempting to escape Santiago De Cuba. The killing of País caused Santiago De Cuba workers to declare a spontaneous General Strike the largest of its kind in the region. This mobilization of workers crushed the city for a short while and emboldened the Revolutionary further to prepare to cut off southern Cuba from Havana in a military operation. |[/pre]
[pre]| The Second National Front of Escambray established themselves in the heavily forested and rural region as a secondary arm of the revolution associated with the M-26-7 movement. Numerous battles saw the SFNE hold the line in the villages and towns of La Carlota, El Sopapo, Yaguanabo, Aguacate, and Cien Rosas. |[/pre]
| THE STAGE FOR REVOLUTIONARY VICTORY SET IN 58 | EL ESCENARIO DE LA VICTORIA REVOLUCIONARIA ESTABLECIDO EN 58 |
[pre]| Raúl Castro, the brother of Fidel, was tasked with using the momentum of the Santiago De Cuba General Strike to open a second front for the M-26-7. Sierra de Cristal became the base of operations for the second front as the north coast of Oriente slowly became liberated from Batista Forces. |[/pre]
[pre]| An unlikely source of help came for the Leftist Revolution in the United States of America. With support for the Revolution coming from the US media, came the United States to enact an Arms embargo on the Batista Regime. This also came in an increase of weapons aid to the Revolution through William Alexander Morgan in the SFNE. The weapons embargo and lukewarm support from the USA allowed Castro to begin the true end of Batista. The Call for General Revolt was made! General Strikes were mobilized across Cuba. |[/pre]
[pre]| 10,000 Cuban Soldiers were mobilized to end the Revolution. Batista figured the revolution could be crushed in a decisive strike on the core of M-26-7 the Sierra Maestra. 300 Revolutionaries now had to defend the mountains from 10,000 trained Cuban Regulars or all was lost. By August the Miracle of the Sierra Maestra was observed. 300 Revolutionaries destroyed the 10,000 men advance into the range and flooded the rebel groups with enough arms to last them the rest of the war. |[/pre]
| THE PREPARATIONS FOR THE FINAL OFFENSIVE BEGIN IN SIERRA MAESTRA AND SIERRA DE CRISTAL | EN SIERRA MAESTRA Y SIERRA DE CRISTAL EMPIEZAN LOS PREPARATIVOS PARA LA OFENSIVA FINAL |
[pre]| With the arms secured through the United States and the disastrous Batista Operation, Verano. Castro would prepare to leave the mountains and push for Havana. The people of Cuba now either joined in the revolt through general strikes and acts of sabotage to the Batista Government or hid and tried to stay within their normal lives revolution or not, someone must work. |[/pre]
[list][list][pre]HOMELAND OR DEATH, WE SHALL OVERCOME![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]¡PATRIA O MUERTE, VENCEREMOS![/pre][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Maziya, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
RAIL OF THE FUTURE : JUGOSLOVANSKE ELEZNICE RECEIVES MODERNIZATION BOOST
October 9th 1958
Jugoslovanske eleznice (Yugoslav Railways) which has served the Nation faithfully since 1918, and has survived numerous political events is today to receive its first and only total Modernization allowance since its inception (having to modernize intermittently in the past). Current the Service possesses 2,045 Locomotives, of which 112 are Diesel Driven, which naturally means the vast majority of its rolling stock is relatively outdated pre 1945 Soviet models. Under the envisioned Modernization plan every single of the existing Locomotives would be pushed out of service in favor of 600 VL80 and 1,200 VL10 Freight Locomotives to be acquired between 1961 and 1972. All existing tracks that have not yet been electrified will have to be upgraded by 1968 to accommodate these changes, as seen by the fact that the vast majority of spending is related to infrastructure modernizations.
It is estimated by the Ministry of Transport that despite a reduction from 2,045 to 1,800 Locomotives due to the more efficient and more importantly on-demand nature (Electric Locomotives can begin motion at any time, unlike Steam Locomotives which require a buildup of pressure) it will enable an almost 18% increase in total cargo capacity at any given time, thus providing yet another large scale boon to the economy.
The transition to Electrically powered Locomotives would enable less coal to be required each year, important as Coal within Yugoslavia is already more expensive to mine than its Warsaw pact counterparts. The long term idea however, is spearheaded by the Nuclear lobby which had already achieved a deal with the Soviet Union to construct 12 AMB-100 Reactors between 1965 and 1970 in 3 different Nuclear Plants across the Nation. These Nuclear Power Stations would provide all of the power needed by the Rail System, as well as replace multiple Petroleum-fueled Electric Plants and Heating stations. It will cut back on maintenance and supply costs and as a result vastly improve the Administrative efficiency of the Yugoslav State.
There was yet another reason it was sorely needed as well, currently when Products are imported from the Warsaw pact the vast majority of locomotives from said countries are forced to transfer their loads to Yugoslav Steam Locomotives as naturally Electric Locomotives couldn't cross the border points (as the electric lines simply stop abruptly). Thus it would bring sorely needed standardization with Yugoslavia's neighboring Allies and decrease the number of difficulties relating to trade.
Nonador, Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
[list][PRE]October 1958[/pre][/list]
[list][list][list][list][pre]The Death of De García Prompts Coalition Government
His Majesty Pays Respect to the Late Opposition Leader[/pre][/list][/list][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre] P L U S - U L T R A[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][I]Madrid Spainard
[sub][I]THE SPANISH KINGDOM OF SPAIN[/I][/sub][/list]
[list]|[sub]The horrifying death of Hernan De García has left the PSOE and the nation mortified by the outlandish attack on elected officials. Seemingly to be the next Prime Minister of Spain was shot by an assassin named Xavier Martínez, a 22-year-old ETA sympathizer who studies psychology at the University of Valencia.[/sub]
[sub]El Policía Nacional has closed the investigation after three weeks of learning that the assassin was influenced by recent political discourse in the Basque Region while holding views of brute and swift justice against the political establishment as he saw the corruption and capitalistic and individualistic American influences as a 'poison' into Spanish society. Although the ETA group in Bilbao claims responsibility for the killing of De García, it is believed that Martínez acted alone. [/sub]
[sub]During an election season where many outside influences have shaped the nation's political spectrum, many within the PSOE and their supporters have been dismantled by this recent upset, as there is little time to rebuild a platform that will appeal to voters in time for the General Elections in December. Francis Álvarez continues to lag behind the now-deceased Opposition Leader; however, President Pedro Esperanza is now gearing toward a coalition government, particularly against the growing Basque and Catalonian regional parties and Communist Party.[/sub]
[sub]A year ago, The Municipal Elections showed an uptick in regionalist political representation in the Cortes Generales along with anti-establishment politics of the Partido Comunista del Pueblo. They were influenced by core ideals of equal pay and more government control over corporate spending. [/sub]
[sub]Álvarez has done too little to tame this now out-of-control idealism that has shaped the minds of many. However, to remedy the violence and to give in what the people deserve, he has agreed that with Esperanza's support in the general election, he will form a coalition government between the PSOE and the El Partido Demócrata Cristiano de España.[/sub]
[sub]His Majesty Juan Carlos has ordered that all flags on government buildings be flown at half mast following the death of De García as a show of respect towards the rule and order of the nation. He will also be in attendance with his wife, Queen María, Prime Minister, and other distinguished guests.[/sub]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Por siempre España; Siempre libre; Siempre Iguales[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Provenancia, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
[list][list]November 1958
[sub]The Council for Trade and Mutual Cooperation (CTMC)[/sub][/list]
DAMASCUS, SYRIA, UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC, (Kotakuan Ii) MORNING
| The year is 1958, and the geopolitical landscape of the world is undergoing significant changes. In the growing anti-colonial shift, the United Arab Republic, the Soviet Union, and Kurdistan have joined forces to establish the Council for Trade and Mutual Cooperation (CTMC), with its headquarters situated in the ancient city of Damascus. The bustling streets of Damascus now hum with an air of excitement and anticipation for the future that lies ahead. As delegates from the United Arab Republic, the Soviet Union, and Kurdistan arrive in the city, they are welcomed by the warm embrace of the local populace. Flags of the three nations flutter proudly in the wind, adorning the streets and buildings, symbolising unity and cooperation. |
| The headquarters of the CTMC, an impressive edifice constructed in the heart of Damascus, stands as a testament to the shared goals and ambitions of the member nations. Its grand architecture reflects the fusion of the traditional Levantine style with modernist influences, emphasising the progressive nature of the organisation. The entrance, adorned with ornate motifs and golden accents, serves as a visual reminder of the cultural heritage of each participating nation. Inside, the atmosphere is buzzing with activity. The main hall, with its high ceilings and luxurious furnishings, exudes an air of elegance and prestige. The walls are adorned with elaborate tapestries depicting scenes from the histories of the United Arab Republic, the Soviet Union, and Kurdistan, showcasing their rich cultural traditions. |
| As the delegates gather in the main hall, the room fills with the sound of animated conversations. Dignitaries dressed in tailored suits, adorned with pins and badges representing their respective nations, engage in friendly discussions and exchange pleasantries. The air is filled with a sense of camaraderie, as diplomats and officials from diverse backgrounds forge connections and lay the groundwork for future cooperation. A long table, meticulously arranged with floral centrepieces and sparkling crystalware, occupies the centre of the room. The delegates take their seats, their faces reflecting a mixture of excitement and determination. The aroma of freshly brewed coffee and delicacies from each nation's cuisine fills the air, further enhancing the welcoming ambiance. |
| The meeting commences, with the representatives of each nation delivering speeches that outline their visions for the CTMC. They emphasise the importance of economic cooperation, infrastructural development, and the exchange of technical expertise. Ideas for joint development projects and investments are proposed, underscoring the potential for shared prosperity. Throughout the meeting, interpreters proficient in Arabic, Russian, and Kurdish provide seamless translations, ensuring effective communication between the delegates. The discussions flow smoothly, with each party listening intently and expressing their views respectfully. It becomes evident that the CTMC is not just a platform for trade but a forum for building trust, fostering cultural understanding, and forging lasting alliances. |
| As the meeting draws to a close, the CTMC delegates rise from their seats, their faces etched with expressions of satisfaction and hope. They exchange firm handshakes and warm embraces, sealing the agreements and commitments made during the discussions. The headquarters of the CTMC in Damascus, now pulsating with newfound energy, is poised to become a symbol of unity and progress in the region. Outside the grand building, the citizens of Damascus gather, filling the streets with exuberant celebrations. Traditional dancers and musicians weave through the crowd, their performances reflecting the diverse cultures of the member nations. The city comes alive with a kaleidoscope of colours and sounds, echoing the optimism and excitement that permeates the air. |
| The next step for the CMTC is for the leaders of the Soviet Union, General Secretary Khrushchev, United Arab Republic, President Nasser, and Kurdistan, President Remman, to partake in a trilateral meeting in Damascus outside of the official mechanism of the CMTC to foster good relations on a more personal level in the face of of the threat which is the Amman Pact. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Ubertica, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
[list][list]NOVEMBER 1958
[sub]The Rose of Minas Gerais[/sub][/list]
[pre]O R D E M E P R O G R E S S O[/pre]
BELO HORIZONTE, Brazil Toucan EVENING
[sub]ESTÁDIO RAIMUNDO SAMPAIO[/sub]
| For the first time in Brazilian history, a woman became the favorite among Brazilian workers for the 1960 presidential race, it is the bosss wife, First Lady SARAH KUBITSCHEK. When she was the First Lady of Belo Horizonte, SARAH got involved with social work, thus creating the Organização de Pioneiras Sociais (Organization of Social Pioneers), whose objective would be distributing clothes, food and wheelchairs. When her husband, JUSCELINO KUBITSCHEK, assumed the presidency, he signed a decree creating the Fundação das Pioneiras Sociais (Social Pioneers Foundation) on March 22, 1956, with the aim of providing medical and educational assistance to the needy population. Seeing that popularity was growing, in February 1958, Sarah decided to seek voters among workers in Brazil. Her speeches focused on employment, education, health (especially child health) and womens rights. |
[list]| SARAH KUBITSCHEK, [sub]First Lady of Brazil[/sub] | Since 1932, Brazil has allowed women to vote and participate in politics, so I support more female candidates running for public office.[/list]
| For a country where politics is dominated by men, having a woman aiming for the presidency was something completely new, there were deputies and senators who opposed SARAHs candidacy, including the National Democratic Union (U.D.N.) and its 53-year-old boss JURACY MAGALHÃES. In Brazil, women have been allowed to vote since 1932, SARAHs popularity rose sharply among younger women but dropped among older women in their 60s. Although Brazilian society is patriarchal (they only want male leaders), younger men in their 20s want SARAH in the presidency, they were delighted with her speech that focused on the problems of the working class. But if SARAH really wanted to get more great results, she would have to strategize to attract older voters, and she did. At Estádio Raimundo Sampaio in Belo Horizonte, Sarah made a speech to a crowd of people, she pointed out the financial problems that Brazil was facing (mainly high inflation), Brazils first lady made a promise that, if elected in 1960, she would aim to build a country with opportunities for all, but her government will give priority to those most in need, she also advocated for more women to occupy seats in Congress. SARAH will not abandon her husbands legacy, she would continue his legacy, but improvements would have to be made. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Ubertica, Bhaarat Lok, Unogonduria Nova
[list]November 1958
[sub]Union Victory[/sub][/list]
[pre]T H E B R A N D T E F F E C T[/pre]
| Throughout the summer of 1958, Germany's workers unions had been riled up. A series of accidents at an automobile plant south of Frankfurt began a chain of events that required the Federal Ministry of Labor to step in and prevent conflict between the unions (representing the injured workers) and the automobile manufacturer, who refused to take responsibility, calling it a case of worker error. The courts had decided the case, ruling narrowly in favor of the manufacturer, after evidence came to light indicating that the workers involved might have been sleep deprived, leading to that being the 'most probable cause' of the accident. The unions, however, had riled up support among the public, and decided to use their position in the limelight to push for stronger worker protections and protections for union rights as well. |
| While they were officially the Sozialdemokratischepartei Deutschland (SPD), the Social Democrats were not the type to press into socioeconomic issues like union rights, welfare, and housing. They preferred to present themselves as the moderate, pro-peace alternative to the increasingly hawkish Christian Democratic Union (CDU) party that was currently in power and led by Konrad Adenauer. However, the SPD took the cause of the unions in hand, and a coalition of legislators alongside the 5 Independent deputies in the Bundestag proposed sweeping legislations that would prohibit discrimination based on whether or not an employee was an active member of a union. The package also included the establishment of safeguards against mistreatment of workers and purposeful skirting of safety regulations as a cost-saving measure. |
| The Social Democrats pushed hard on the legislation, despite the Christian Democrats only being a singular Bundestag seat short of having the outright majority necessary to block the bill permanently. However, the CDU/CSU's whip was not present, and the Social Democrats dispatched their most suave and charismatic deputies to attempt to sway votes from the CDU and the DPD. Willy Brandt, the young, charismatic rising star in the party and Governing Mayor of Berlin, himself visited Bonn by plane to rally lawmakers behind the union legislation. The efforts were spurred on even more after rumors of a massacre of union protestors began reaching Germany's cities. In October, Brandt himself testified before the Bundestag, as the SPD sought to secure the sufficient votes necessary to pass the package. Chancellor Adenauer himself refused to comment on the issue, as he was weighing the implications of a presidential bid in next year's presidential elections, while the Christian Democratic party leadership failed to adequately present their case to moderate members of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) and the German Democrats (DPD). |
| On 4 November 1958, the Bundestag assembled, and the chair of the session allowed, after much deliberation and pushing by protestors and the Social Democrats alike, for a floor vote on the package. Brandt himself was present among the visitor-observer seating areas. The CDU had voiced their confidence that they could defeat the so-called "anti-business bill", but it was evident that the vote would certainly be a tossup. Unions and workers rallied in support of the SPD in one of the greatest shows of support for the left-wing progressive party since the general election of 1957 that pummeled them. The votes were cast, and; |
[list][pre]RESOLUTION ON; UNION PROTECTIONS, WORKER SAFEGUARDS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES,
▌AYE - 207 votes
▌NAY - 191 votes
▌ABSTAIN - 4 votes[/pre][/list]
| By an incredibly narrow margin, the Social Democrats managed to get a significant part of their policy platform and their rhetoric of the past few months through the Bundestag. 3 CDU/CSU and 1 FDP deputies abstained on the vote, while Christian Democrats and German Democrats primarily broke to support the bill, along with a sprinkling of FDP members. The vote shocked Adenauer and his supporters, who had at this point been practically confirmed to be preparing to file Adenauer as the CDU/CSU presidential candidate in the coming presidential election, which is expected to coincide with a nationwide referendum on presidential election reform. The package's success was marked by celebrations among the left-wing in Germany, who had long been relegated to en masse compromises with the center-right CDU/CSU and pro-business FDP just to get things done. Erich Ollenhauer, SPD chair, praised the vote by the Bundestag, while Brandt said that he had 'confidence from the very start'. |
| Despite voicing initial reservations, Chancellor Adenauer and President Heuss eventually signed the package into law, guaranteeing and enshrining protections for workers during a particularly messy time in German politics. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Ubertica, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Bhaarat Lok
[list]November 1958
[sub]Hindi Cinema[/sub][/list]
[list][list][pre]भारतीय फिल्मों के फलने-फूलने से भारत के स्वर्णिम फिल्म उद्योग को अनुदानों की नई लहरें मिलीं
INDIA'S GOLDEN FILM INDUSTRY RECEIVES NEW WAVES OF GRANTS AS INDIAN FILM FLOURISHES[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][sub]NOVEMBER 1958 | नवम्बर 1958[/sub][/list]
[list][list] | [sub]India's film industry, based out of Bombay (leading to the name "Bollywood"), has seen a surge in growth, popularity and acclaim in the postwar and independence era. The film industry now is based in Bombay, when previously it was closely linked to the industry in Lahore prior to the 1947 Partition of India. Migration by filmmakers and actors from Calcutta (another film center) to Bombay led to growth of the region as a central hub for Indian filmmaking, which was further strengthened by the migration of filmmaking talent from Lahore and Calcutta to Bombay, in light of partition violence. By the establishment of the independent Republic of India in 1950, Bombay had consolidated itself as the "preeminent center for film production" in India.[/sub] |
| [sub]There was a surge in growth in the industry in the postwar. As the civilian economy recovered, demand for films grew once more like it did in the interwar period. Families now had incomes to visit cinemas, which were now popping up alongside other consumer industry in the growing and diverse Indian economy. Highly-regarded films like Pyaasa (1957) by Guru Dutt and Abrar Alvi, Awaara (1951) and Shree 420 (1955) by Raj Kapoor and Khwaja Ahmad Abbas, and Aan (1952) by Mehboob Khan, were released in the 1950s. These films received positive ratings both domestically and internationally as well, where the Bollywood industry was seeking to expand and consolidate its presence. These films explored social themes, dealing with issues like working-class life, to which many Indians related to. [/sub] |
| [sub]The film industry's growth had not gone unnoticed by the national government. Seeking to expand its support for thriving industries that could prove to be profitable for the economy and for the country in the long-term, the Union government issued a first wave of $1.5 million in grants to the industry between 1952 and 1955. Prime Minister Nehru declared himself an "avid viewer" of Indian films, and pledged in government to support the growth of homegrown talent in a renewed era of the cinema. A new round of grants worth $2.4 million would be issued by October of 1958, receiving the Prime Minister's signature in early November, as the country began seeking to enter its most popular films into international awards ceremonies around the world. Alongside a cultivation of other key aspects of India's culture, the grants program was approved on the notion that enhancing the strength of Bollywood would also enhance the maintenance and empowerment of India's many unique, diverse cultural values. While the films tackled social themes as mentioned before, films tackling cultural issues and longstanding traditions by the many different cultures of the Union would also begin to see growth in terms of popularity.[/sub] |
| [sub]Seeking to continue this growth and expand the country's recognition on the world stage, these grants would also be directed at the studios responsible for the movies most likely to receive international awards, such as Pyaasa, by Guru Dutt and written by Abrar Alvi. The rise of cinema would also come as the country sought to develop her own capacity for new "television" technology - the next step forward, some said, for the film industry.[/sub] | [/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Ubertica, Brazil Toucan
Post self-deleted by Saudi Arabiyah.
[list]June November, 1958
[sub]Five months of changes and reforms in Saudi Arabia.[/sub][/list]
[sub]In the past five months, HM King Faisal passes reforms for the kingdom.[/sub]
Reform and changes #1: Establishment of the Council of Senior Scholars (Senior Council of Ulama or Fatwa Council) and Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta
[sub]In June, King Faisal issued a royal decree establishing the Council of Senior Scholars, which will be the highest religious body in the kingdom and advises the king on religious matters. The council will comprise 20 members from a group of the best jurists and scholars from the Hanbali madhab (school of Islamic jurisprudence), with the Grand Mufti being the leader of the council. The Council of Senior Scholars shall have the power to examine issues that the state requests it to consider, and questions posed and consultations solicited by Muslim individuals. The council has the power to not only examines fatwas but both it and officially approve religious scholars would be the only one allowed to issue fatwas in Saudi Arabia. King Faisal also issued a royal decree to establish the Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta, which shall have the power to issue rulings in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and prepares research papers for the Council of Senior Scholars. Its members are drawn from the Council of Senior Scholars, of which it is a committee, and consist of the most senior Sunni scholars of fiqh in the kingdom, including the Grand Mufti as its head.[/sub]
Reform and changes #2: Judicial reforms
[sub]King Faisal has been eager to ensure that the judiciary has its sanctity and status, as it is a subject of fairness and the symbol of justice. He knows that the higher its status and the greater its freedom, the more the people will achieve through it a fundamental objective of the pillars of the true Islamic religion. King Faisal was determined to double his efforts toward this goal, and therefore in August, he issued two royal decrees for judicial independence. In the first decree, he decided to establish the Ministry of Justice, which shall oversee the administrative affairs of the judiciary, to which the public prosecution office, which takes care of the interests of citizens and defends their rights, shall be attached. Faisal appointed Mohammed bin Ali al Harkan as the first Minister of Justice. He hopes that through cooperation with the various courts of the state, the Ministry shall act as a trustful guardian that defends the oppressed and chastens the oppressor. In his second decree, Faisal decided to establish the Supreme Judicial Council, which shall comprise 15 members appointed by the King in the kingdom's legal system. The council shall have the power to supervise the lower courts of the kingdom, overseeing judges' performances and new judicial appointments, and shall also provide legal opinions, advises the King, and reviews sentences involving death, stoning, or amputation. The Minister of Justice shall serve as the chief of the council.[/sub]
Reform and changes #3: Abolish Slavery
[sub]It is known that the Islamic Sharia urges to set slaves free. It is also known that slavery in the present era differs from many conditions of Sharia that Islam prescribed for the permissibility of slavery. Since its establishment, the Saudi state has faced the problem of slavery and slaves and has worked on the eradication of slavery with all gradual means. Initially, it banned the importation of slaves and imposed penalties on their importation. Then recently, it prohibited the sale or purchase of slaves. Now in November, King Faisal found a favorable opportunity to issue a royal decree that officially abolished slavery within the kingdom, and all the slaves were set free. The government would compensate the now former slave owner, who was just and righteous to their slaves, while the former Slave owners, who were dishonorable and cruel to their slaves, would not receive any compensation from the government at all.[/sub]
[sub]This is what happened in Saudi Arabia during the five months period between June and November.[/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]"There is no power and no strength save in God.
Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud, Founder of the Third Saudi State[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Ubertica, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan
hello
Cascadla, Valoretia
JULY 1958
DEMOKRASI RAKYAT YANG DIPIMPIN
S U K A R N O' S L E G A C Y
[sup]Our Socialism does not include extreme materialistic concepts, since Indonesia is primarily a God-fearing, God-loving Nation.
Our Socialism is a mixture.
We draw political equality from the American Declaration of Independence.
We draw spiritual equality from Islam and Christianity.
We draw scientific equality from Marx.[/sup]
Jakarta, The Republic of Alzarikstan
THE JAKARTA DECLARATION: Reproachment Between Benelux and Indonesia!
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1885256
__________
Paramountica, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Saudi Arabiyah, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
Hello everyone, Im new at this region, but I dont new at this game because I dont save codes and I dont remember name of my nation
Cascadla, Valoretia
Post self-deleted by Maziya.
NOVEMBER,1958
Important Steps
______________________________________________
[U]Reduction Of Military Size
| Months of careful planning were made in advance,to ensure that they could rebound the nation as fast as possible.This would include reduction of expenditure and one of the biggest expense in Maziya,is the military.Both equipment and manpower would be reduced in both army and navy branches of the Maziyan military.
| Field marshalls and admirals were carefully picked out.These field marshalls and admirals are to be carefully picked out,and are expected to be capable of observing their fellow soldiers abilities,physically,mentally and emotionally.This is done to ensure that while the manpower is being reduced,they will still have a competent army and navy who will be capable of defending the nation.The field marshalls and admirals were given a simple objective of reducing their total personnel count down to 10% of what it currently is.
| Onto equipment.With the closing of the [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1866596]Padat-1936[/URL] and [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1852467]MH-A1[/URL] production line by Loke Senjata and the introduction of the [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1882989]FPT-58[/URL] into the army meant that they had a bunch of Padat-1936 [I](and it's variant the N.D.M type)[/I] and MH-A1 just sitting around without anymore ammunition for them being produced,as the ammo production for those weapons had too been shut down as Loke Senjata believed that it would be pointless to keep pumping out those ammunition and it would allow them to reduce expenses.With that,the Padat-1936 and MH-A1 will either be dismantled for scraps and have their materials be repurposed for something else or look for potential buyers who would be willing to take the weapons and produce their ammunition caliber.
| Meanwhile the [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1869464]MT-1936[/URL] would be salvaged from the Tutong river and would be scrapped as the battleship was deemed irreparable with only a few parts being in good enough condition to have a new purpose to serve as spare parts for the [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1869392][B]MZ-Kuching[/URL] as both ships share some parts.
| While a lot of soldiers will be leaving the military,Farhad Akhbar Khan the current vice-president of Maziya Parti Nasional thought on the effects this could cause in Maziya.
[List][I]| Jobless people all over Maziya
| Homeless people all over Maziya[/I][/list]
| To counter this problem,Farhad would create the "Penukaran Askar Kepada Warganegara" program.A program created to make soldiers refit with normal life again by:
[List][I]| Before the discharged soldiers are to leave their respective military base.They have to do an interview,this interview is to find out what skills does the soldier have and what he is good at.
| Based on the interview,the government will assign them a occupation and orchestrate it so they will already have a place to work at.[/I][/list]
[U]Important Reconstruction
| In the Maziyan civil war,in the town of Kampung Padi.It is located near Kampung Hutan Tersembunyi and had the train station which served as an important piece of infrastructure as its main purpose was carrying agricultural goods from Kampung Padi [I](which gained its name by growing mostly rice)[/I] down a railway which stops at Maziya capital city,Permata Bersinar with a few stops along the way at other towns.This train station had been burnt down and so transporting the agricultural goods from Kampung Padi had become a massive difficulty and to correct this,the government will sponsor the rebuilding of the Kampung Padi train station.
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Newauroria, Old Nubia
Rapid Modernisation at the sacrifice of mother nature?
November 1958
NEW ZEALAND TIMES
In recent years, the current ruling government has started rapid modernisation, with new Subways being built, new train tracks, roads, windmills and now a recent Dam being constructed. It seems that Austin Freeman, the Prime Minister is obsessed with the exploration of the Island and using it as an energy source. He says that "If we know everything about this small island as fast as possible, we can be a prosperous nation."He also goes as far as to claim that God has given him, or as he likes to say, the opportunity to use this entire's nations resources. He started by developing small to medium mines, which received much love and support. However, Austin started to go further by developing bigger mines, bulldozing buildings and removing cities, creating industrial factories, cities, etc. Underneath the New Zealand hills, it was discovered that it was rich and full of minerals and many kinds of resources. Utilizing these, The New Zealand Government is planning to modernise and urbanise the entire countryside and other cities. This plan has been called Project: Obystis, with Wellington being developed first then, Aukland and then so on and so forth. All transportation systems have been completed. The New Subway of Aukland was constructed in 1958, January and ended in November.
However, many of the natural wonders of New Zealand is being lost. This could possibly make New Zealand's tourist economy downfall and much of the fishing economy, with many eco-conservatives are protesting against this. Many mining wastes have been dumped in the water, killing many fishes due to their toxicity, however, the fishing industry still survives. Many people say that New Zealand's new mining industry will thrive, but time shall tell.
It has come to the conclusion that the thoughts of many people of the Theological Christian Party ruling, would make the nation more primitive, but it has been the opposite. Let us see what else holds, in the next issue of New Zealand Times!
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Nonador, Paramountica, Paseo, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Newauroria, Old Nubia
Post self-deleted by Ma-Li.
| MERKAZI; THE AUNT OF AFRICA |
[sub]18th of December, 1958[/sub]
| The election campaign of this past year has been incredibly harsh, filled with emotions and tight as major candidates fought their way to becoming the First Representative of Zaire. The two main candidates, however, became clear by the end of summer of this year when Celine Merkazi from the National Liberal Revival Party and Gabriel Aburu from the Zaire Democratic Reform Party started to go head to head in the polls. Two very distinctive personalities and two very different approaches and beliefs.
Merkazi throughout her campaign played upon the need for upkeeping the current stability and predictability that she offers. Her extremely practical and pragmatic view on politics had made her many allies amongst the people, including the tribe leaders and the artistic elite. However, Aburu played upon freshness and the need for a new opening. Far more centre-right than Merkazi, Aburu played up to the business owners and to the forming middle class, and that is where many commentators believe he failed. His campaign focused upon a class that is only forming within the country, whereas Merkazi struck to the core of the working class, offering them predictable growth and stability rather than rapid change to their situation, in a way that could worsen them off.
What is very interesting is that Merkazi distanced herself from Matriarch Banza throughout the campaign. Unlike Aburu who constantly attacked Banza for her need of attention, or like candidate Margot Okombi who praised Banza on every inch of her campaign trail, Merkazi bothered not to involve Banza in her policy promises or her current status. Commentators suggested that Merkazi was smart enough to realise the glory and the downfall of Banza, even though she is beloved by the common people, Banza is begining to cause issues amongst the elites she herself has created. Merkazi wanted to attract voters from both groups, and praising or bashing Banza could of proven deadly to her campaign. To go off topic for a moment, it is becoming clear that Banza is losing her touch with the elites of the country, the very elites she created and established. Despite the love and support she garners from the common people, the elites are viewing Banza as a problematic issue. In many ways the elites view Merkazi the same way, however, it is Banza who holds the ultimate power and that is why she is the bigger issue for them. Many observers of the political life believe that should the Zairean elites not be curbed in some ways, by the 60s, both Banza and Merkazi will find themselves in an extremely difficult position and no public support will save them.
Merkazi also had one attribute over Aburu, her likeability. Merkazi has been in the public life since 1942, and her persona is well known to Zaireans and the people of Africa. Her harsh tone, her pragmatic ways and her way of dealing with politicians like with spoiled children has given her the nickname The Aunt of Africa. Aburu on the other hand is a rather fresh face, only becoming publicly involved in 1955, and despite his popularity around the urban areas much of the countryside has a distrust towards him.
The role of the tribal leaders in this election is also undeniable. Merkazi has a specific relation of respect with much of the tribal leaders, bringing them to the table, allowing them a specific institution in the political life and introducing cultural reforms much more in compromise with the tribal leaders rather than imposing on them like Izuru did or outright ignoring them like Nigoye. Aburu was a candidate the tribal leaders found most impressive besides Merkazi, fearing the communists tendencies, the conservatives involvement of the Church and Okombi's shock value cultural reforms. Their role is gathering larger support for Merkazi in smaller towns and villages of the country has been vital for Merkazi to score as far as she did. |
[list]ELECTION RESULTS FOR THE FIRST REPRESENTATIVE; 1958[/list]
Turnout; 6.1 Million People had cast a vote.
CELINE MERKAZI - National Liberal Revival Party - has gained 56.1% of the votes. ( 3,422,100 )
GABRIEL ABURU - Zaire Democratic Reform Party - has gained 39.5% of the votes. ( 2,409,500 )
MARGOT OKOMBI - Freedom & Future Movement - has gained 2.1% of the votes. ( 128,100 )
MARIE UDULU - Communist Front - has gained 2.0% of the votes. ( 122,000 )
FABIAN MALONGA - Conservative Party - has gained 0.3% of the votes. ( 18,300 )[/list]
| CELINE MERKAZI has won the race for the First Representative, giving the National Liberal Revival Party their third term in power. The election committee has however released data on specific groups within the voting group, showcasing how certain groups have voted. The data has given Zaireans a more in depth look as to how the vote tendencies are forming within the country.
THE URBAN POPULATION has in overwhelmingly majority at around 70% voted for MERKAZI, with around 19% voting for ABURU, 8% for OKOMBI and 3% for UDURU.
THE COUNTRYSIDE has in majority voted for MERKAZI, in around 80%, only 15% for UDURU, around 4% voted for ABURU and 1% for MALONGA.
WOMEN have voted in majority for MERKAZI with around 39%, ABURU gathered around 38%, followed by OKOMBI with 12% and UDURU with 11%.
SLOVENIANS have voted in majority for ABURU with around 73%, MERKAZI follows with 18% and OKOMBI with the remaining 9%.
JEWS have voted in majority for MERKAZI going up to 92%, ABURU gained 5%, OKOMBI managed to secure 2% and UDURU 1%.
BELGIANS have voted in majority for ABURU, going up 65%, MERKAZI gained 22%, OKOMBI gained 10% and MALONGA gained 3%.
HOMOSEXUALS have voted in majority for OKOMBI who secured 90%, MERKAZI followed with 6%, UDURU gained 3% and ABURU gained 1% of the votes.
The data has shown just how different minority groups spread their votes out, and has given a large indication to the future elections on how such groups might vote.
The First Representative of Zaire, CELINE MERKAZI, delivered her victory speech in which she alludes to a change of rules which might allow the National Congress to be composed of more than just her own party, furthering democratisation. In her speech she also alluded to her first three big policies that she will fight to introduce into law. |
[list][ CELINE MERKAZI, First Representative of Zaire ]: " C'est un grand honneur de gagner la confiance du peuple zaïrois. Les dix prochaines années seront intenses pour nous tous, car le moment est venu pour nous de récolter les fruits de notre dur labeur et d'aller néanmoins de l'avant. Cependant, je crois que le système doit changer dans une certaine mesure. Le système doit permettre à davantage de voix de s'exprimer au sein du Congrès national, et je suis en pourparlers avec les principaux dirigeants de l'opposition sur la manière dont cela pourrait être réalisé. Je vous promets que les dix prochaines années seront marquées par un effort de grandeur comme l'Afrique n'en a jamais connu. C'est pourquoi mes trois premières propositions de réforme comprendront la création de gouvernements régionaux, l'industrialisation rapide du Sud et de l'Est et la création d'une armée forte et bien entraînée qui devrait nous protéger à l'avenir. Le pragmatisme m'a conduit jusqu'ici, il est temps qu'il conduise le Zaïre encore plus loin."[/list]
CUT TO
| BANZA'S CABINET |
| Walking through the corridors of the mansion, Celine Merkazi would be wearing her iconic now white election dress. However, as she began to approach the door to the cabinet, she realised that it was slightly opened and she could hear voices coming through. Taking off her high heels to not announce her upcoming, she would slowly approach the door to listen in. |
[list][ ULUDI ]: "...there is nothing to be celebrating here ma'am, that woman is a threat, her ideas are...incredibly dangerous. Allowing the tribesmen to be involved in politics, now wanting to open up the Congress to other political parties...she wants to ruin your legacy ma'am, and you're allowing her to do it..."[/list]
| Before Banza responded, Merkazi would put her high heels on and step in as if she did not hear the remarks. Banza would get up from her seat as Uludi harshly glanced at Merkazi. |
[list][ BANZA ]: "Celine! What a pleasure. Congratulations on your victory."[/list]
[list][ ULUDI ]: "Yes. Congratulations."[/list]
| Merkazi would glance at Uludi. |
[list][ MERKAZI ]: "Are you sure you wouldn't rather have Aburu win? He was your man after all."[/list]
[list][ ULUDI ]: "I beg you pardon?"[/list]
[list][ MERKAZI ]: "A man with no political connections, no wealth behind him suddenly rises to the top of Zairean politics. And who did he work with previously?"[/list]
[list][ ULUDI ]: "Aburu was a fantastic candidate for the job, but clearly the people wanted you."[/list]
[list][ MERKAZI ]: "Never forget that."[/list]
| Uludi would walk up to Merkazi. |
[list][ ULUDI ]: "Is that a threat?"[/list]
[list][ MERKAZI ]: "Treat it as a reminder."[/list]
[list][ ULUDI ]: "Well, let me remind you---"[/list]
| Banza would get up harshly. |
[list][ BANZA ]: "Enough of this nonsense. Thank you, Uludi. You may go."[/list]
| Uludi would stare down Merkazi for a moment before leaving. Merkazi would turn her attention to Banza. |
[list][ MERKAZI ]: "Gloria, I told you that man is dangerous."[/list]
[list][ BANZA ]: "So far he's been protecting me from the lurking traitors."[/list]
[list][ MERKAZI ]: "Lurking traitors?"[/list]
[list][ BANZA ]: "Yes! You're so blind, so naive. But what can I expect, you're a meek politician with no sense of survivability."[/list]
[list][ MERKAZI ]: "I do not recognise you, Gloria. For the past year you have been acting so...peculiar. You're rude, self-absorbed and rather busy on your other issues."[/list]
| Merkazi would glance at the drink behind Gloria, who enraged would walk up to Merkazi. |
[list][ BANZA ]: "How dare you! How dare you remark at me like that!"[/list]
[list][ MERKAZI ]: "I am just telling you how it is, Gloria."[/list]
[list][ BANZA ]: "Do you know why you've won? Because of me, my name is attached to yours, to the party, to Zaire! People love me, and so long as I endorse you, they love you. Without me, you're nothing. Without me, the party is nothing, without me this country is nothing and don't you forget it!"[/list]
| Merkazi would glance at Banza for a moment. She would pick up her handbag and nod slightly. |
[list][ MERKAZI ]: "How could I ever forget..."[/list]
| Banza would look at Merkazi for a moment before sighing and lighting up a cigarette. |
[list][ BANZA ]: "Right, lets get to the discussion then. I'd like to see your reform package for next year. Please, take a seat."[/list]
| Banza would go back to her seat as Merkazi sat down. As Banza talked on, Merkazi would be staring outside the window, deeply thinking... |
[spoiler="The next ten years shall be intense for us all..." - First Representative, Celine Merkazi]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Allbania, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
[list][pre]December, 1958 | Mandil Residence on Genina Street, Sanut neighborhood of Khartoum, Khartoum Province, The Commonwealth Of Sudan[/pre]
MANDIL V. KHARTOUM, THE STATE FOR ALL HER PEOPLE[/list]
[list]The Anti-Monarchy movement sweeping my country was much more than just a campaign to remove an English woman across the planet from being the head of state, and from being our Queen and Sovereign, this was underneath, a desire to remove people like me from existing in the country that we call home. So what if my mama and papa were from Europe, I was born here, I grew up here, I grew up in Kordofan, until we had to move two years ago. I had to leave my friends behind, but I was going to college anyway so I suppose it didnt matter after all. I just wish I wasnt seen as a foreigner, this beauty contest made me feel the closest Ive ever been to my country, only for peoples hate to rear its ugly head again, except I wasnt gonna take it anymore, Im fighting for my liberty!
Ms. Aziza Adam Mandels statement to the Khartoum Journal, following the removal of her title as Miss Khartoum of 1958.[/list]
Aziza was Arabic for sweetheart, she had been referred to by many as the Sweetheart of En-Nuhud in Kordofan, the Sudanese province in which she was born into a wealthy Jewish family with an English migrant Father from Surrey and an Italian/Greek Mother who had settled the region with her family following the defeat of Mahdi Forces with the turn of the century. The Mandils fame, wealth, and high status in western Kordofan society were owed to their profession in the Jewelry business which had started in the late 1930s. In 1941, on the eve of Sudans declaration of victory in the East Africa Campaign, the Mandils would bring a new member to the family whom they have named Aziza, the sweetheart of En Nahud.
The Mandils would lead a rather calm life in Kordofan, growing their family jewelry business in the region, however, their lives would turn difficult upon the outbreak of Al-Azma following the election of 1955, Sudans catastrophic political climate had brought with it waves of anti-foreign sentiment in this country, directed at mostly European and Anglo citizens of the new Sudanese State, of which the Mandils were not just a part of that community, but a prominent and famous one, painting them as targets for Nationalist and Confluence gangs operating in this part of the country, usually the gangs would defame and public campaign against the Mandil business, urging or harassing their customers to shop with Sudanese businesses or all other stop doing business with them, although at times those campaigns included antisemitism as they painted the Mandils as deceitful, most of the attacks stemmed from the nationalist belief that Europeans should have no part in the national economy. However, the attacks on the Mandils did not intensify until after their jewel shop was looted and set ablaze following Israel's invasion of Egypt, as a part of the 1956 Suez War which had stirred further anti-European and anti-imperialist sentiment in Sudan. Though the Mandils recovered, they were forced to relocate by 1957 once and for all to Khartoums high-status European society, which was proven to be an extremely well-made decision, given that they managed to get further away from what would become the Darfur Insurrection, which might have seen them become the victim of radical nationalist mobs that swarmed the region before the arrival of the Sudanese Defence Force.
In 1958 as Aziza Mandil and her family would begin to settle in with their new life in Khartoums Sanut neighborhood, Aziza would celebrate her 17th birthday and graduation from High School by attempting to join the Miss Khartoum annual pageantry, just because many of her new former classmates and friends had encouraged her and inspired her to do so given her beauty and popularity, and also inspired by a former Jewish contestant and winner of the Miss Khartoum pageant contest of 1956 she was determined to follow in her footsteps. However sadly to Azizas awareness, the height of the Suez War had caused Miss Khartoum of 1956 her title, given her Jewish ancestry, this meant Aziza might neither be qualified for the contest nor be allowed to win it, but she tried nevertheless.
But by the end of October, Aziza not only get accepted into the contest but also fully declared the victor and winner of Khartoums 1958 Beauty Contests officially making her Miss Khartoum of 1958, to the cheers and joy of all those who supported her and walked through with them. But sadly as the months passed, the Mandils and the entire Khartoum beauty pageants contests would come under the public eye, with Islamists growing in influence and power natiowide, Islamists saw programs that strived to sexualize and scale women on the National television of the Muslim Sudanese state as sinful and an immoral representation of what a righteous nation might look like. Islamists have placed heavy pressure on the contest, forcing them to make a rather inadequate decision, expelling Aziza from her position as 1958s Miss Khartoum, citing her Jewish heritage as the reason for her disqualification marking that it was a source for controversy and conflict in the Beauty Pageant community. Aziza however was not planning on sitting by idly while this senseless discrimination happened. The beauty pageant institute was in itself an independent institution of the Government, it was still funded by the state to promote tourism and culture, it was in this case that Aziza argued, the Government was sponsoring ongoing anti-semitism and discrimination that had been carried out against Sudans citizens and communities.
Azizas lawsuit against the Province of Khartoum and their involvement in this discrimination orchestrated by the Pageantry had reached Sudans High Royal Court, drumming up much-needed public and national attention in the case of Mandil V. Khartoum, based on a States failure to protect its citizens against discrimination and provide the necessary security and equality for them. By the end of what would be one of Sudans most important national court cases, the Royal
Court then announced a ruling in favor of Aziza Mandil against the Provincial Government of Khartoum. With evidence gathered from across the nation in discrimination cases, usually against foreigners and Europeans or something against the native population, the Court had found many provincial governments responsible for maintaining and upholding the legal and equal rights of Sudanese citizens as of the commonwealth constitution, stating that protection from discrimination and maltreatment is not reserved to the relationship that the State has with its citizens, but also to be implemented on the relations of citizens amongst one another.
Aziza marked Sudanese history by being the first woman that would use to courts to obtain and restore her rights as a Sudanese citizen, and not only that, but this court ruling was not simply directed towards a beauty pageant, it was directed at the epidemic of mistrust and discrimination spreading throughout Sudan, calling upon the government to take an active role in combating prejudice in the civil order, and ensuring the equal protections of all they govern, it is by taking this act of government, and by the sacrifice and work of Sudanese citizens like Aziza, that Sudan can become more of a state for all her people.
[list]GOD SAVE THE QUEEN!
AL-NASRU LENA!
AL-NASRU LE SUDAN![/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
[list][list][list][pre]RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
FRENCH BUREAUCRACY
MINISTÈRE DE LINTÉRIEUR[/pre][/list]
______
MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR: FRENCH CONSTITUENCIES ELECT NEW REPRESENTATIVES AND DE GAULLE IS FORMALLY ELECTED CHIEF OF STATE
[sub]VTH REPUBLIC | PARIS, DECEMBER 1958[/sub][/list]
[sub]| HELM OF LIBERTÉ, MINISTÈRE DE LINTÉRIEUR - | The slimy and unkept Jeannette Vermeersch, wife of ailing Red Boss Maurice Thorez and herself a Communist candidate for the National Assembly, spoke with passion for two hours. She railed against "capitalist exploiters," but her words fell on a lethargic gathering of scarcely 30 people, even though she was speaking in the grimy 18th arrondissement, the reddest of the Red districts of Paris. In tiny Ecurie with a population of merely 362 people, only 15 men and a runny-nosed boy turned out to hear Socialist Guy Mollet review his premiership, blame "the Americans" for preventing the Anglo-French conquest the of Suez. Were any problems bothering his listeners? he asked. "Classrooms for our children," responded one man.[/sub]
[sub]If they did not vote for him, said Mollet amiably on parting, they should vote for any representative of a "national" party: "I ask only one thing of you: don't vote Bolshevik!" Even flamboyant Jacques Soustelle, De Gaulle's Minister of Information, who masterminded the May 13 revolt in Algeria, was running a low-keyed campaign. His election posters read: "You know me; you know what I've done; you know what I will do!" On two successive Sundays, the voters of France were to elect the first Parliament of the new Fifth Republic. They went about it with an apathy that disturbed the politicians. Some voters seemed to feel that in voting for De Gaulle they had freed themselves of all that parliamentary nonsense. Except for the Communists and a few independents such as Pierre Mendès-France, who is being attacked as having "sold out to Anglo-American stratocracy", virtually every candidate was clinging like death to Charles de Gaulle's coattails. Forbidden to use his name, at least four parties ran on his Cross of Lorraine symbol. Despite a profusion of new labels, the faces were generally the same old ones, including at least a dozen former Premiers of France.[/sub]
[sub]In the first Sunday's voting, the Gaullist label proved magic. Soustelle won easily. His new Gaullist party defeated two ex-Premiers, Joseph Laniel and, most surprising of all, Pierre Mendès-France after 26 years in Parliament. Leading candidates who failed of a majority the first time would have to run next Sunday, and in this category were ex-Premiers Mollet, Georges Bidault, Paul Reynaud and Felix Gaillard. Even though there was a big Communist vote, most of their leaders failed to get elected even in safe constituencies, and must face runoffs where other candidates will combine against them. As Frenchmen examined the results of their two-week electoral spree, they seemed to have the slightly dismayed air of a finger painter surveying his own handiwork. They knew what they were voting against; "the old gang," but were now surprised by what they had voted for. Even Charles de Gaulle himself had not wanted the kind of right-wing majority he got. He had insisted on a single-constituency method of voting that was presumed to favor familiar names, principally the Socialists and Radicals over a grab bag of unknowns styling themselves Gaullists, some of them able statesmen, but many of them not.[/sub]
[sub]With the results in, there was much clucking about the underrepresentation in the new Assembly of the Communists with ten seats compared with the 188 seats for the new Gaullist Union for the New Republic, when both parties in the first round polled about the same number of votes. Yet the Communists who in the old days gained unfairly through proportional representation had in fact suffered a drop of more than 1,500,000 votespossibly the most important manifestation of the election. The change in electoral methods was just as devastating to the Roman Catholic center and to the Socialists, both of whom held their old voting strength yet lost heavily in seats. Socialist Guy Mollet, who helped bring De Gaulle to power and hoped to become Premier, now grumpily said that his Socialists would vote for De Gaulle as President and then go into opposition. The big factor in French politics was now Jacques Soustelle's U.N.R. On paper, the U.N.R.in affiliation with Pinay's conservatives and 71 right-wingers elected in North Africawill form a right-wing Assembly with a passion for seeing that Algeria remains French. Premier Charles de Gaulle, who was above the battle while the elections were fought out, stayed above it when the results were in.[/sub]
[sub]After a four-hour Cabinet conference last week, De Gaulle took off for Algeria, his fifth visit to the war-torn territory since taking office. Before leaving, he created the post of Inspector General of National Defense as a niche into which General Raoul Salan, the Algerian commander in chief, could be gracefully moved. Salan's position of power will be diluted into a two-man job. The civilian functions will go to a brilliant civil servant, Paul Delouvrier, age 44, the financial head of the European Coal and Steel Community, who recently completed a fact-finding tour of Algeria for De Gaulle. The military in Algeria will be taken over by General Maurice Challe, age 53, a fiery patriot after De Gaulle's own heart. After the French collapse in World War II, Airman Challe distinguished himself in the resistance by personally leading and executing the "most delicate and dangerous" missions. He is credited with having obtained for the Eisenhower headquarters before D-day the order of battle of the German Luftwaffe, the placement of flak installations and of the main dispositions of the German army. Characterized as a man "who always happily chooses the most perilous posts," General Challe is a dedicated Gaullist.[/sub]
[sub]Landing at Constantine airport with Delouvrier unobtrusively at his side, De Gaulle stressed the civilian aspects of his Algerian visit. He gave General Salan only a perfunctory handshake, but hobnobbed enthusiastically with steel experts in Bone, oilmen in the Sahara, land-reclamation officers in the Muslim villages. At Touggourt, an oasis in the desert, De Gaulle told 15,000 Bedouins that he hoped "the laggards still concerned with civil war may finally realize that the page of combat has been turned. Now it is the page of progress, civilization and the brotherhood of man." At week's end Premier de Gaulle flew back to France, where his election as President of the Fifth Republic on Dec. 21 became only a formality when his respected friend, 76-year-old President Rene Coty, announced that he would not run. That formality had to be observed, even though the outcome was never in doubt. Last week 81,500-odd "Grand Electors" of Francedeputies, senators, mayors, deputy mayors, municipal councilorselected the first President of the Fifth Republic. There were three candidates: an obscure Communist mayor, a Sorbonne dean, and Charles de Gaulle.[/sub]
[sub]As chief of state, De Gaulle will be the direct successor to two Presidents of the Fourth Republic, two Emperors named Napoleon, 14 Presidents of the Third Republic (none now living), Vichy's Marshal Petain, and a string of kings ranging in power from the glorious days of Louis XIV, the Roi Soleil, to the hunted 10th century time of Hugh Capet, the founder of the Capetian line, who scarcely dared stir out of Paris for fear of being trounced by the powerful Count of Flanders and the proud Duke of Normandy. Of all France's Presidents, few have been more popular than the last President of the Fourth Republic, outgoing René Coty, who began moving his things out of the Élysée Palace after his wife died in 1955, and will need only a small truck to take away the rest of his books. Then Charles de Gaulle will begin his seven-year rule as the most powerful head of state France has seen since the days of Napoleon Bonaparte. |[/sub]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]VIVE LA RÉPUBLIQUE!
VIVE LA FRANCE!
VIVE LEMPIRE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐌
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Holy Vatican City States, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Allbania, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
DECEMBER,1958
López Talks With Godoy
______________________________________________
| One day,while López was making a draft of his next reform he intended on presenting to the Andean congress.While a majority of politicians and people of the Andes Confederation perceived López as a military authoritarian,he has abided to democratic practices to get his vision fulfilled but while he does abide to democratic processes,nobody seems to recognise this.It has reached a point where it has begun to get under López skin.
| Eventually the vice-protector of the Andes Confederation,Godoy arrived at López door.Godoy has helped López in the coup to remove Odría from power,and López expected Godoy to be one of his more loyal allies in the government while he is trying to cement his position as the Supreme Protector.Godoy was told to take a seat,and the two military men began to talk on the matter of what to do with the Andean congress as they have shown at least in the point of view of López a great insult by trying to get his reforms denied.While Godoy wanted to get rid of the executive branch all together to then cement all law making powers to López and future Supreme Protectors,while López wanted to retain the executive branch and just switch out all members of congress for those who are loyal,submissive and sharing his vision of a prosperous Andes.
| Eventually,López entertained Godoy with the idea of creating a Andes secret police force,which will serve as effectively the "authoritarian hand" of the Supreme Protector.They would also have one major core underlining principles with it being.
[List][I]- Extreme loyalty to the Supreme Protector[/I][/list]
| While the two men laughed at the idea at first as neither men believe that they could create a secret police force,which will both be effective and loyal to a fault to the Supreme Protector.But after a while they both began to talk about the idea more seriously but in the end it never went anywhere and would be shelved for the future.
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Provenancia, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
[list]December 1958
[sub]The Capital[/sub][/list]
[pre]A N G M A Y N I L A[/pre]
| The Province of Manila ("Maynila", per the Spanish spelling) was the largest and most populous city in the country, bar perhaps the rising Clark and Cebu areas in central Luzon and Visayas respectively. Manila had seen many things; It was the second capital of the Spanish regime in the country that lasted over three centuries, and it was the city where U.S. forces under Commodore George Dewey staged the infamous mock battle that saw Madrid hand the archipelagic revolutionary republic to American oversight. With the proclamation of the Third Republic came the proclamation of Manila City as the capital. Nestled at the center of the greater Manila Province, which covers the surrounding suburbs and municipalities like Makati, Pasig, Pasay, Paranaque, Las Pinas and Muntinlupa, Manila served as the seat of government for the Philippines. The House of Representatives met at the famed LEGISLATIVE BUILDING, while the President of the Republic sat and resided at MALCANANG PALACE. |
| With the rise of the Third Republic as a regional economic powerhouse came the rapid rise and urbanization of Manila as well. Investments and business flew in from across the world, especially from trade partners like the United States, with whom the Philippines shared a strong relationship with. Manila was home to CAMP CRAME and CAMP AGUINALDO, headquarters of the Philippine National Police (PNP) and the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), which also served as outposts for the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force in the country, as per extensive security agreements between Manila and Washington. |
[list]| [sub]JOVITO SALONGA, Dean of the Far Eastern University, Institute of Law[/sub] | "Manila is the gateway to the thousands of Philippine islands . . . it is the center of our industry, the springboard from which businesses expand across the country." [/list]
| While the capital city continued growing, and urban planners from Western firms were brought in to design a sustainable capital for the country, a new discussion was boiling in the country's halls of power: Whether or not to unify the Province of Manila into a greater "Metropolitan Manila" - shortened to METRO MANILA for short. |
| The argument was that, essentially, the cities of Manila, Pasig, Makati, Pateros, Paranaque, Las Pinas, Muntinlupa, Pasay, and other nearby communities were effectively unified in policy. Most of the cities had signed friendship agreements with one another, cutting down on barriers of travel immensely and initiating joint public transportation projects to allow people to work between cities. The cities had even formed a "Manila Mayors' Forum" (MMF) amongst their mayors to discuss further joint cooperation. Two distinct proposals for the establishment of a Metropolitan Manila province existed: |
[list][pre]▌PROPOSAL 1 - To unify the cities into a singular city, with a singular city council, a singular vice mayor, and a singular mayor.
▌PROPOSAL 2 - To unify the cities into a singular Metropolitan Manila Capital Region (MMCR), to be "led" by a Capital Council, composed of the various elected city mayors. The Capital Council shall be chaired by a Metropolitan Manila Governor.[/pre][/list]
| The generally anti-bureaucracy and governing NACIONALISTA PARTY (NP) under President Magsaysay supported the effort. They called it a "streamlining of government agencies and a gutting of unnecessary bureaucracy among the cities". According to proponents of the plan, it would unify city services and allow for an immense level of cooperation between city services; allowing for transit of fire and police, and the like. Opponents, however, argued against it, calling it 'unnecessary centralization' and 'an attempt by the national government to seize power from the cities'. The Liberal Party (LP) under Diosdado Macapagal and the Liberal Democrats (LDP) under Jose Avelino were the biggest opponents of the plan - potentially due to the fact that Metropolitan Manila was currently Nacionalista-leaning (Magsaysay carried all cities in the past two elections), with regional party membership purportedly at 52% Nacionalista, 45% Liberal, 3% Liberal Democratic; a governorship would most likely be carried by the NP - perhaps by Claro M. Recto, the current Justice Secretary who was regarded as a formidable political force after Magsaysay. |
| The plan for reform, however, would be advanced, with the Senate and the House ratifying resolutions in support. Both houses voted on party lines, with the Nacionalista Party majorities carrying the plan to victory. President Magsaysay signaled his agreeing to sign, leaving the entirety up to the city mayors. Las Pinas, Muntinlupa, Paranaque, Pasay, and many of the southern communities were Nacionalista strongholds - their NP mayors assented. The cities of Manila, Makati, Pasig, and the like, however, were Liberal strongholds - their LP mayors were directed by party chiefs to fight the reform as much as possible. One dissented - the Pasig mayor, who reportedly secured concessions regarding the QUEZON CITY PLAN; but the other Liberal Party mayors stood their ground. President Magsaysay refused to sign if the mayors were not in agreement - so negotiations would have to take place. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Allbania, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Knights Empire, Cantry
Negotiations on the Mali Federation: The Two Red Princes, the Poet, the Pansy, and the Economist
December 1958
With the announcement of the end of French West Africa, and the impending end of French colonialism as a whole representatives from Guinea, Sudan, Senegal, and Upper Volta would begin to put into motion their plans for a Federation of Mali.
First the delegation led by Léopold Senghor would have to convince President Charles De Gaulle to allow the formation of the Federation. President De Gaulle, and former High Commissioner Messmer had believed a divided West Africa would be far easier to control, especially from strong leftists. Furthermore, Côte dIvoire which was now led by Henri Konan Bédié protege turned premier of the Felix Houphouët-Boigny. Bédié was staunchly pro-French, Anti-Leftist, and Anti-Senghor. More important to this Bédié would form the Council of the Entente as an attempt to counter the federation. Yaméogo had long since been courted by Senghor and was less pressured to join. This meant only Ivory Coast, Togo, Dahomey, and Niger would join.
Seeing the failure of the Council lEntente to effectively unify, and numerous assurances from Senghor, President De Gaulle would give his approval for the formation of the Federation.
With the French pacified a new issue came bringing the Federation to a screeching halt. Ahmed Sekou Touré, not only was he alive, but he had returned to Guinea to once again retake his position as leader of the colony. Touré had been a strong supporter of the no-vote in Guinea, and he was skeptical of the Malian Federation in general. Guinea had been a backwater of the old French West Africa, and now Touré feared it would be dominated by the more populace Sudanese, and Senegalese, a fear shared by Upper Volta.
Nonetheless, Ahmed Touré would agree to come to the meeting which would be later called the Grand Convention of Kangaba. This small village had only around 5,000 people, yet with the meeting of the representatives, its population quickly swelled to an estimated 70,000. The village was important as it had been the place the Malian Empire had been proclaimed, and the place where it would later end.
The African Regroupment Party members were largely in attendance, as were foreign analysts, and journalists. 5 major members would make or break this conference.
The Two Red Princes, Modibo Keïta of the famous Keïta Imperial Dynasty, and Ahmed Sekou Touré of the Wassalou Empire. These men made up the ARP-L or African Regroupment Party-Left. This faction advocated for the creation of a socialist state, a strong state-managed economy, communalized agriculture, and a mass-line-styled government where mass organizations led governance. Of course, these two men did not agree on anything. Touré and Keïta both coveted power and influence for themselves, and this often made them bicker with each other, more than their supposed adversaries.
The opposite of them would be the ARP-R or African Regroupment Party-Right, was a massive collection of businessmen, leftover white French Europeans, conservatives, and other right wingers. Led by Maurice Yaméogo the Pansy due to his often easily pressured nature, and allegations he was being controlled by business interests. Nonetheless, he would represent the Right. The ARP-R argued for free trade, support for small businesses, a liberal one-party dominant democracy, and close ties to the West. This side of the party was far less revolutionary and easier to negotiate with overall.
Finally, that left Léopold Senghor the Poet, and Mamadou Dia the Economist. These two would represent somewhat of a political center. Negotiating between left and right, preventing them from leaving, and keeping the federation together. Senghor was focused on creating a syncretic political system that incorporated the demands for liberal democracy, and mass-line-led governance. Dia would be attempting to pull left and right-wing economics to form a Neo-Corporatist economy akin to models popping up in Europe, and Asia.
With the Kangaba Convention beginning, only time would tell if the Malian Federation would succeed, or remain just a dream.
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Brazil Toucan, Cantry
INDEPENDENCIA DE ANABOLIA
En antioquia se forma un nuevo estado: Gran Anabolia
El estado fundado por J.P (yo) tiene mucha etnia vasca y antioqueña.
Cascadla, Cantry
DECEMBER,1958
Aisy Rayyan To Step Down Or To Not
______________________________________________
[U]Aisy Rayyan Refuses To Change
| Despite the fact that the conflict that is the Maziyan Civil War began because of Aisy Rayyan belief in that the Malays should have more privileges in Maziya as he believes that
[List][I]"Maziya is a Malay country,so Maziya should be a Malay country for the Malays and nobody else."[/I][/list]
| Along with that,he began to attempt to purge communism and socialist out of Maziya,which was the set of beliefs that most ethnic Chinese Maziyans had truly believed and with most believing that Maziya future is a socialist one but not a communist one.Aisy Rayyan actions as prime minister has led to the belief that his tenure has been nothing but failure and a slow decline,something which Maziya doesn't need after their brief period of Japanese occupation in the second world war.
| Aisy Rayyan decided to make a speech and within that speech he decided to point the "finger of blame" on the ethnic Chinese,as he attempts to sway the majority view of the start of the conflict away from him.He stated.
[List][I]- The Chinese are to blame,because unlike the Indians,whites and even the aboriginals within the nation.They have refused to blend in with the rest of society and chose to rebel.
- The Chinese are inherently violent.
- The Chinese refuses to let the Malays rise through the wealth and social ladder.[/list]
However while he tried,it didn't work as many people still blamed him for the start of the conflict and the Chinese began to feel more negatively towards the present government.
[U]Aisy Rayyan:Stuck In A Hole
| After the speech was done and newspaper stories were printed.Members of parliament began to tell Aisy Rayyan that he needs to
[List][I]"Step down from your position as prime minister,for the sake of the nation future.If things continue as it is,the nation will once again suffer a internal conflict and were afraid we won't be able to recover if a second conflict happens."[/I][/list]
| The strongest voice in the crowd of members of parliament who wanted Aisy Rayyan to step down is Farhad Akhbar Khan.With Farhad Akhbar Khan position as vice-president of Maziya Parti Nasional,they accidentally created a split inside of Maziya Parti Nasional as there were those in the party who supports Aisy Rayyan and those who want him to step down.
| Even outside of work,Aisy Rayyan is being told to step down.As his wife Humaira Binti Putih,encourages him in a positive manner to step down rather then the negative manner that members of Aisy own party were giving him.With Humaira emphasising
[List][I]- Step down for the sake of your mental health
- Step down,so the nation will be able to live and not suffer even more
- Step down for the sake of your family,at least leave it before you taint your own legacy even further and so your son and daughter will be able to live without being insulted or taunted at because of your tenure.[/I][/list]
But Aisy Rayyan still refused to step down from his position and keeps saying that he could
[List][I]"Fix the nation.I just need more time."[/I][/list]
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, Osivoiii, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
Hello I'm New in the region
Osivoii, Cascadla, Knights Empire
7TH DIVISION ENTERS BATTLE AT NAGYKANIZSA, WITH MASSACRE FORMING
April 1958
Unlike all other Yugoslav Formations, the Yugoslav 7th Infantry Division had been speeding East along Highway 7 from Donji Hraćan to their intended target at Balatonmáriafürdő, which upon reaching would effectively cut Hungary's southwest from the southeast. Passing through Eight Towns and Villages unhindered and passing by the outskirts of Nagykanizsa without any incident they had believed their forward elements (lightly armored and in many cases unarmored vehicles loaded with assault infantry) could race at high speed towards the coast of the Balaton Lake. Passing around half-way through the small city the quickly moving column came under heavy small arms fire from strategically located machine-gun teams of the Heviz PFF Division who had heavily fortified themselves within some of the larger and more visually accessible Buildings along the Highway. Caught off guard and with virtually no armor the first few vehicles are struck by a torrent of bullets and many crash violently, throwing some of their surviving inhabitants clear of them upon impacting walls or in the case of one Jeep a pond, where its surviving crew who were trying to swim to the shoreline were gunned down by nearby militiamen who had been waiting for the Yugoslav Convoys to approach.
It was for many minutes, which no doubt felt like an eternity to those soldiers pinned down at the head of the column, that Yugoslav Forces were on the backfoot while information trickled back up the chain of command and the rest of the Division was ordered to mobilize into battle formations and to spread out (rather than the single line column required for roads). For the time being those at the front would have to remain with their heads firmly pressed to the floor, as Yugoslav Tanks had to be cautiously advanced due to no intelligence existing on strength within the City, which from the Yugoslav perspective they did not even know was a militia division.
https://youtu.be/ztGO_UtzjgE
Some men at the front of the column after many hours and having to hear their wounded comrades throughout snapped and ran towards them to try and drag them to safety but were themselves gunned down by a variety of weapons hidden in the thousands of windows facing them, though sometimes a flash being spotted would lead to a Tank blasting an entire part of a building open. Around two Thousand men of the Spearhead were trapped in this fashion, most hiding on the bank of the Highway facing away from the enemy, but unable to run in either direction. Due to the speed of their Trucks and Jeeps on their approach they had overtaken the tanks and were now in their current situation left with precious little in the way of direct support, as the bulk of the Division was now attempting to fight their way through the western portions of the City.
With mortars a constant danger and machine guns pinning them in place somewhat of a massacre formed as men died while frantically trying to dig trenches in the rocky terrain, huddled up in large groups due to the lack of cover. Officers using their Whistles tried to force their men, many of whom were frightened conscripts, over the embankment and into the City where they would at least have some form of cover, however when one group attempted to do this almost all were mown down due to the lack of cover. These attempts would continue until the sun started to go down, and under the cover of darkness many units could finally make it to proper hard cover further into the City from which they could form a proper attack plan.
On the western side of the City those Units which were not caught out in column in the initial engagement had made major progress, though only because large portions of the Militia had relocated so that they could fire at the trapped Yugoslavs earlier in the day. Portions of these units were able to meet up with the exhausted and in many cases demoralized forces of the spearhead, which were mercifully allowed to retire to the rear as fighting continued throughout the city. It had become apparent by nightfall that the enemy in the City was a second rate militia, which had only been as effective as it was because the Commanders of the 7th Division had allowed themselves to be complacent and improperly place their units out on the advance (with almost the entire Division having been in column with no proper forward scouts etc.). Even if this could be explained by a large percentage of conscripts, the Commanders of the Division were rapidly replaced by the Veteran Officers of the 4th Infantry Division which itself was not too far away.
Amsterwald, Osivoii, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Bordais, Cantry
uh hello?
Cascadla, Newauroria, Bordais, Cantry
I broke it
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Cantry
JANUARY,1959
Lieutenant Colonel Juan Velasco Alvarado
______________________________________________
| It was the dawn of a new year,and another year in the tenure of Nicolás Lindley López.The 50 years old leader of the Andes Confederation,who took the position by force.However López began to think,as he is about to turn 51 years old this year.That he needs to pick out a successor as like Odría before him,he is a hated figure in the nation.While Odría was hated by those of the upper class and loved by the lower class,López doesn't have strong support beyond the military.
| López began to think that one day the people could either assassinate him or remove him by force,it doesn't help that the group of people most likely to do it are the Bolivians judging by recent developments and López has the government office located in La Paz,the former capital of Bolivia.
| López would meet once again with Godoy,to continue further discussions about the prospect of forming a Andes secret police.But Godoy was in the middle of taking with a lieutenant colonel of the Andes army,named Juan Velasco Alvarado.Godoy introduced Alvarado to López as a promising military officer,someone they could consider to be Andes minister of police.The three men began to talk with one another,while at first it was about the conditioning of the Andes army eventually it progressed more and more towards politics and the three men began to share their thoughts and opinions on how they could have the Andes Confederation prosper.
| While they were talking López began to analyse more and more about Godoy and Alvarado political beliefs.He recognises that Godoy is more of a authoritarian that Zuazo likes to preach that López is and Alvarado seems to lean more towards leftist ideologies.When the conversation was done, López took his leave and had a thought.
[List][I]"While I don't agree wholeheartedly with the left,Alvarado could most certainly become a valuable asset in government and perhaps even the next Supreme Protector."[/I][/list]
| The next day,López personally appointed Alvarado as Andes new minister of police.With intentions to observe how Alvarado would turn out in this position and observe where his loyalty resides.Although congress completely hated this decision and many members of congress viewed this as López attempting to consolidate power and influence more of the government and when this information was leaked to the public,Zuazo claims that López was trying to employ more military men into government so that he would have near absolute power in government while still portraying the facade of a democracy.
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
Post self-deleted by Osivoii.
[pre]| JANUARY ENERO 1959 |[/pre]
[list][list][list][pre]RC ★ REPUBLIC OF CUBA
REPÚBLICA DE CUBA
RDC |[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
THE BATTLE OF SANTA CLARA AND BATISTA COWARDICE, THE REVOLUTION WINS:
SANTA CLARA CAPTURED BY GUERILLAS AND THE SYMBOL OF TYRANNY SLAIN IN STREETS OF HAVANA LIKE A DOG!
LA BATALLA DE SANTA CLARA Y LA COBARDIA DE BATISTA, LA REVOLUCION GANA:
¡SANTA CLARA CAPTURADA POR LA GUERILLA Y EL SÍMBOLO DE LA TIRANÍA ASESINADO EN LAS CALLES DE LA HABANA COMO UN PERRO!
BATTLE OF YAGUAJAY VICTORY ALLOWS GUERILLA ADVANCE TO SANTA CLARA | LA VICTORIA DE LA BATALLA DE YAGUAJAY PERMITE EL AVANCE DE LA GUERILLA A SANTA CLARA|
[pre]| The breakout from the Sierra Maestra and Sierra de Cristal was one thatll be written in history books for centuries to come. The rebellion would push against Batista forces through the rural regions of Cuba with deadly efficiency. Village after village would fall under the liberation of Cienfuegos and Guevara. The population would rejoice in revolution. Cuban Chinese Captain Alfredo Abón Lee in charge of the 250 men garrison of Yaguajay faced the 500 Guerrilla force. Small arms were the main weapon of the revolution making advances swift but gains volatile. A deadly back and forth had been established in Yaguajay, Captain Lee determined reinforcements would quickly come from Santa Clara. Cienfuegos had become extremely frustrated by the determined Lee leading to the creation of a homemade tank in reality a large tractor with iron plates and homemade flamethrowers. The battle did not end though till Lee ran out of supplies and was allowed to Surrender his post to the Revolutionaries.[/pre]
[pre]| The march to Santa Clara now became executable. |[/pre]
BATTLE OF SANTA CLARA PUTS THE FEAR OF REVOLUTION INTO BATISTAS HEART | LA BATALLA DE SANTA CLARA PONE EL MIEDO A LA REVOLUCIÓN EN EL CORAZÓN DE BATISTA
[pre]| 340 Guerrillas now found themselves face to face with a force of 3,900 Cuban Soldiers in the city of Santa Clara. Guevaras Column traveled in December towards Santa Clara from the Coastal town of Caibarién. The peasantry came out in full force for support of the M-26-7 rebellion. Village filled with cheers and Government troops fleeing their post as the Guerrillas advanced. |[/pre]
[pre]| The force had reached Santa Clara University by dusk allowing them some cover of night. Guevara split his force into two columns equally. One under the control of 20 year old Roberto Rodríguez El Vaquerito which he called the Suicide Squad. This force would directly confront the defending force and an armored train and establish a command post at the foot of Loma del Capiro. To the surprise of the suicide squad the defending force would nearly instantly withdraw after a only a few rounds of exchanging small arms fire. The defending force withdrew to City Center. |[/pre]
[pre]| Soon multiple skirmishes would be occurring across the city under the command of revolutionary Rolando Cubela with the assistance of locals the skirmishes would see rebel successes. Students from the Agricultural university assisted the rebels in using tractors to derail the armored train allowing Guevara to capture its supplies and claim another embarrassing failure for the Batista regime. The train carrying a force caught off guard instantly surrendered to Guevara, 350 Cuban soldiers and an officer now prisoner to M-26-7. The city soon saw mass surrender to the rebel forces at the first sight of a M-26-7 commander. |[/pre]
[pre]| Che Guevara announced the capture of Santa Clara on January 1st, 1959! |[/pre]
THE COWARD FULGENCIO BATISTA ATTEMPTS TO FLEE, FOUND DEAD IN BOYEROS | EL COBARDE FULGENCIO BATISTA INTENTA HUIR, HALLADO MUERTO EN BOYEROS
[pre]| The news of the Fall of Santa Clara struck deep in the offices of the Regime. Top brass was quick to free abroad as the Revolution took hold in the streets of every city in the Republic, some delays occurred forcing Batista to stay in the country to amass some extra wealth for himself by collecting of gambling debts. Batista knew he had little chance of surviving this if he stayed and waited for Castro, Guevara, and Cienfuegos to break down his Mahogany doors in a blaze of revolutionary fever, the waiting for debts to be paid to him stressed him immensely. He amassed a force of 10 men to escort him to the airport to escape to Spain. As they were driving along a rural road, an explosion of small arms fire peppered the blacked out rolls-Royce causing it to slide off the road into a ditch. The group of armed men who had been tipped off of Batista's plan by a presidential guard sympathetic to the revolution stationed at the presidential palace, exposed themselves from the bush and made their way to the crash site. The 5 men proceeded to dump another wave of gunfire through the windows of the crashed vehicle. The tinted windows now dust on top of the dirt gave them confirmation of their success. Batista lay lifeless in the back left passenger seat, reported to be shot 21 times with numerous calibers. A photo was taken and sent to Castro. Who allowed Che to broadcast the news across the country on Radio Rebelde, though informing these were not actions taken by M-26-7 as they hoped for the capture of Batista to face justice for his crimes against the people of Cuba. |[/pre]
[pre]| The news of Batistas death was announced as Castros Column entered Havana, The Revolution had reached the capital. |[/pre]
[list][list][pre]HOMELAND OR DEATH, WE SHALL OVERCOME![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]¡PATRIA O MUERTE, VENCEREMOS![/pre][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Allbania, Greater Kurdistane, Newderland, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
Hi welcome!
Cascadla, Ranponian
[list]January 1959
[sub]Adenauer fur Prasident[/sub][/list]
[pre]B U N D E S P R A S I D E N T W A H L[/pre]
| REPORTERS swarmed the Federal Returning Officer's Office in BONN. The correspondents for the wealthier print papers in the country had telephone lines straight back to their offices, whilst others simply brought cameras to record the impending moment. It had been widely speculated for years, ever since the 1953 general election, in fact. It was bolstered moreso by whispers of a search for a potential Chancellor candidate for the Christian Democrats. It was finally confirmed by insider sources two days ago: KONRAD ADENAUER would be stepping down from the position of Chancellor of the Federal Republic, and instead will be running for President. The decision had been made weeks ago, the sources within the CDU leadership told the media. Adenauer had been eyeing the position for quite some time, as with his advanced age, he believed that the time to relegate himself to a 'less strenuous' responsibility was here. A VOLKSWAGEN car pulled up outside the Returning Officer's Office, and the door swung open. Members of the Berlin Police cleared a pathway, and with a smile on his face, the country's first Chancellor emerged from the vehicle. |
[list][pre]DIE ZEIT - CHANCELLOR ADENAUER FILES TO RUN FOR PRESIDENT; CDU SEARCHING FOR SUCCESSOR[/pre][/list]
| According to the German Basic Law - the closest thing the country had to a Constitution - a presidential election was to be held through an indirect proportional system every four years. A Federal Convention (the same formed to ratify the Basic Law) would reconvene and would be composed of delegates selected from the various states and provinces of Germany. The party composition of the Convention would mirror the composition of the Bundestag, and of the various Landtag (state legislatures) across the country. In 1954, the Federal Convention had sent incumbent president and FDP chair Theodor Heuss to the presidency. Now, however, he was term-limited - and the top position of the land was left open. It was well understood that the federal presidency did not come with the same powers as the Chancellor; that had been withheld after the Second World War. However, the influence of the Bundesprasident, especially in foreign affairs and more ceremonial roles, still could not be understated. Many questioned Adenauer's decision to run when he held significantly more power as Chancellor as per the Basic Law, but in response to those questions, he simply stated; |
[list]| [sub]KONRAD ADENAUER, The Chancellor[/sub] | "Any presidential bid of mine, if it were ever to take place, would not be centered around the amount of influence I could generate, but the amount of support for the German people I could provide. If I do decide to run, it means that my time as Chancellor has passed, and it is time for new, fresh ideas in the Legislature. Those fresh ideas I could help propagate as President.[/list]
| When Adenauer filed, the German political world was sent into a frenzy despite the expected nature of the announcement. Adenauer had been a cornerstone of legislative politics and within the Bundestag since the country's inception almost a decade ago, and had served as the country's only Chancellor to this point. He carried his center-right CDU/CSU-FDP coalition to victory in the 1949, 1953 and 1957 general elections. Now, after a historic three terms as Chancellor - he would be stepping down to run for President of the Federal Republic. Largely a ceremonial position, Adenauer conceded, but a position from which he could 'continue to carry out my service to the German people while allowing for new, fresh ideas and a greater outlook on the future of the Federal Republic for the Sixties'. |
| The Federal Convention would only convene in July of 1959 to elect a new Federal President, and it would only be sometime between March and June that Adenauer would need to formally step down. The opposition from the SPD, FDP and DPD is unlikely to be strong - should the Free Democrats agree to back Adenauer for president, the race would essentially be locked in. Either way, the SPD and DPD don't have sufficient votes for a majority, as historically the Convention delegates have neglected to vote on party lines. Nationwide polling also showed that a President Konrad Adenauer was heavily supported, with 65% of Germans voicing their support. The SPD has yet to formally select a candidate, but reports indicate a potential race between Carlo Schmid - chair of the SPD Bundestag caucus - and SPD chairman Erich Ollenhauer was in play. |
| Some forces within the CDU/CSU are seeking to urge Adenauer to withdraw, fearing the possibility of the end of CDU/CSU-FDP governance in the 1961 elections without their electoral juggernaut, but the Christian Democrats are now asking an even more important question: Who will be Germany's next Chancellor? |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Allbania, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
"Eroi au fost, eroi sunt încă, si-or fi în neamul Românesc!" - Romania Celebrates 100 Years of Unification and Remarkable Progress
24th January 1959
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
| Bucharest, 24th January 1959In an atmosphere charged with jubilation and national pride, Romania today celebrates a momentous occasionthe centenary of its unification. One hundred years ago, on this very day, the historical lands of Moldavia and Wallachia were united under the banner of Romanian nationalism, marking the birth of modern Romania. As the nation looks back on its journey since 1859, it also honors the incredible progress achieved under the leadership of the Communist Party of Romania and its beloved and esteemed leader, Constantin Rotaru.
| The Romanian people, dressed in vibrant traditional attire, filled the streets of Bucharest and countless other villages and cities throughout the Republic to partake in this momentous celebration. Banners of the dear leader, the Communist Party and the Romanian flag fluttered in the wind, symbolizing the unity and resilience of the nation. The city's buildings were adorned with lights and decorations, creating a festive ambiance throughout the capital.
| Commencing the day's festivities, a grand parade took place in the heart of Bucharest, with thousands of soldiers from the People's Army of Romania, led by their Supreme Commander and beloved son of the Romanian people, Constantin Rotaru, marched in perfect synchrony. Their disciplined steps echoed the nation's progress under the firm and visionary leadership of the Communist Party of Romania and The Genius of The Carpathians.
| Following the parade, President Constantin Rotaru addressed the nation from the balcony of the Central Committee building. With unwavering conviction and eloquence, he highlighted the achievements of the Socialist Republic of Romania and the Communist Party's commitment to advancing the nation's prosperity and emphasized the remarkable strides Romania had made in industrial development, education, healthcare, and infrastructure during the decades since the party's ascent to power. Under the central planning of the government, Romania had transformed from an agrarian society into an industrial powerhouse, with factories, mines, and technological advancements driving the country's progress.
_________________________________________________________________________
The beloved and esteemed leader, Constantin Rotaru`s speech.
We gather today to honor the indomitable spirit of our ancestors, who, in their pursuit of freedom, took decisive steps towards unity and progress. In the face of adversity, they demonstrated unparalleled courage and resilience, ultimately forging a nation that would stand the test of time. Today, we pay homage to their sacrifices, their unwavering commitment to justice, and their unwavering belief in the collective power of our people.
This momentous occasion serves as a reminder of the boundless potential that lies within our great land. We stand united, not as mere individuals, but as a collective force, bound by the shared values of solidarity and equality. We have fought valiantly to break the chains of oppression, to eliminate the shackles of exploitation, and to build a society that values the inherent worth of every citizen. We have striven to create a nation where justice reigns, where the fruits of labor are justly distributed, and where the voices of the people echo through every decision made.
Over the past century, Romania has experienced trials and tribulations, wars and recessions, yet we have emerged stronger, more determined, and more united than ever before. It is the resilience of our people, their unwavering commitment to progress, and their unyielding spirit that has propelled us forward. We have transformed our nation from a fragmented land of contrasts into a cohesive force for change, a beacon of hope in a world where inequality and injustice prevail.
We have embraced the principles of socialism, for it is through the lens of socialism that we see a path to a brighter future. Our commitment to equality, social justice, and the welfare of our citizens is unwavering. We understand that true progress lies not in the enrichment of a few, but in the upliftment of all. We have built a society where education, healthcare, and opportunities are accessible to every citizen, regardless of their social standing or economic background.
Let us continue to celebrate this sacred day in good health and good spirits.
România, la mulți ani!
_________________________________________________________________________
"Traiasca Partidul Comunist Roman in frunte cu al sau Secretar General, Tovarasul Constantin Rotaru, iubit si stimat conducator al Republicii Socialiste Romania!"
24th January 1959
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Allbania, Greater Kurdistane, Newderland, Brazil Toucan, Turkiye 1St, Ma-Li
Greetings everyone, I'm here just to extend a hand of greetings and good faith, pleasure meeting all of you.
Cascadla, New Provenance, Newderland, United States Of Americhe, Tatarstariya
Good Evening All, I'm New to this region, so I'd Like to say hello
Tatarstariya
FEBRUARY,1959
René Barrientos:López Bolivian Helper
______________________________________________
| López began to look for someone to calm down the Bolivian population so they won't enter open revolt against his government and it led him to Víctor Paz Estenssoro.The former president of Bolivia,now just a politician who isn't even in congress.Estenssoro is a beloved politician by the Bolivians and López thought that Estenssoro will be the perfect person to calm down the Bolivian people and prevent Zuazo from destroying the confederation.But Estenssoro refuses the offering by López even after López tries to sweeten up the deal by giving him a position in government.While Estenssoro does desire government power,he claims to López
[List][I]"During the short lived dual-presidency system.I was ousted by your predecessor Odría just so he could consolidate power,what I see in your current decision is a political move to assert your own control over the confederation and I will not aid you in that."[/I][/list]
| López simply just left after that,and went back on the search for someone who could calm down the Bolivians.This led him back towards looking at the military for someone who's ambitious enough or popular enough to handle the situation that López needs them to do and he found a former army general who transferred to the air force,named René Barrientos.
| Barrientos is known as a very charismatic individual,who could sway the crowds opinion with his words and he is well liked by the lower to middle class Bolivians due to his ability to speak fluent Quechua,a popular native language among the lower to middle class Bolivians.López would approach Barrientos, López would offer Barrientos a position in government as the new minister of defence but Barrientos seeing this as a chance for something more proposes to López an ultimatum.
[List][I]"While I can help you rally the Bolivian people behind your administration,I can also rally them against your administration.But if you don't want me to do that,I just want one thing.Promote general Alfredo Ovando to the position of chief of the armed forces."[/I][/list]
| López is hesitant to give general Ovando the position of chief of the armed forces,but at the same time López needed Barrientos to help him and not be against him.So López and Barrientos shook each other hands in agreement.
| News would leak out once more,this time from a member of congress with that member saying.
[List][I]"I'm afraid,that under López we are slowly being replaced with a dictator who doesn't want to share power with normal politicians as he has gone and replace members of government with members from the armed forces.At this rate,maybe next year we will see him consolidating power over the legislature branch with sheer force considering how popular he is among the military and I fear that day."[/I][/list]
| Zuazo took this information and twisted it to make so that it sounds like Barrientos has betrayed the Bolivian people and sided with López and seeks to undermine the Bolivian people to gain more political power.But this sparked a debate among the Bolivians who seek to remove López,as if Barrientos agrees to help López surely that means López is more willing to share power with their fellow countrymen and maybe isn't as bad as they thought.
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Jasumaa, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
Heavy is the Head That Wears the Crown
1959
|Robert Bradshaw in his office at, the words Prime Minister sitting emboldened on a small plaque on the front of the desk. Today was a day like any other, or so it seemed. Bustamante and the Conservatives delivered demands to keep them supporting the Federation. Guyanese politicians complained to the Prime Minister about the pace at which minority protection legislation was being passed, and British Honduras pressed the West Indies to increase military spending. That last one, was considered a failed venture, Bradshaw had stopped responding to their requests. The money just wasnt there for anything more than a garrison force.
As his day went on, and it seemed to be another quiet and relatively monotonous day, suddenly a messenger burst through the door, startling Bradshaw.
RB: You nearly gave me a heart attack! What is so important you couldnt be bothered to knock?
Messenger: Mr. Bradshaw, your excellency, I apologize. Theres been protests down near the Colonial Office, the anti and pro monarchy supporters have been facing off for days! The supporters have gotten physical, a fight broke out!
| Bradshaw sighed and turned his back. He picked up his glass, it was still early in the day, but sometimes this job drove him to drink. The status of the monarchy had always been a contentious topic that had only heated up again as Bustamante and Bradshaw were actually making the West Indies a reality. Of the islands apart of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Dominica, and Barbados were firmly anti-monarchist having elected them in the recent election. This bloc was sizable and may be enough to pass any monarchy referendum, but just barely. Either way, if the monarchy lived or died in a referendum it would be extremely close.
Bradshaw would be shaken from his thoughts as the messenger cleared his throat.
Messenger: Sir . Thats not all the British guards, and our police they . They opened fire to clear the protests before they turned riotous. Preliminary casualties show at least 10 deaths si-
| The messenger was interrupted by a glass being thrown and sent hurtling towards the wall. Its shattering made him flinch.
Bradshaw was incensed and sent into a rage, screaming.
RB: IDIOTS, why would they open fire without orders? Do they WANT this nation to tear itself apart at the seems? Were unstable and facing the most delicate state we could ever be in, and they continue to ruin it? With one mistake like this they could doom everything weve worked for!
Messenger: Sir? Should I leave?
RB: Yes . And get me the police chief here now! I want him here by sundown or I will have his head on a spike. And get the Governor-General here too!
Messenger: Yes Sir.
RB: Oh, and please send in Maria to clean this up please. Youre dismissed
| As quickly as he had entered the messenger departed. Bradshaw sighed and sat down at his desk again, placing his head into his hands. Would his term be just as disastrous as Adams? Sure, Bradshaw hadnt ordered the police or the British guards to open fire, but this turn of events would be spun by every anti-monarchist from Kingston to Georgetown. All the intellectuals, and the growing black conscience which had always been anti-colonial could easily turn militantly anti-colonial, or worse, Communist.
Bradshaw had to make stand, and a statement. The Chief of Police would publicly be fired. He would lay the blame squarely at the Chiefs feet, and absolve himself. That still left one issue, the British. They clearly had some role in the massacre and may have even opened fire first. Bradshaw would have to ask them to investigate and most importantly offer up a sacrifice to the public to blame.
The Prime Minister only had a few hours to prepare. Soon the media would begin bombarding him with questions. Then the rage and fury of the public would reach him. There was, of course that growing fear in the back of his head, what if he was another Grantley Adams, and what if he was going to be forced to resign? Maybe the West Indies really was doomed as a concept? He took out a spare glass and poured himself another drink. He quickly knocked back the drink and steeled his nerves. He was not going to be another Adams, and he would hold the West Indies together even if he had to drag it kicking and screaming the whole way.
Bradshaw heard a knock at the door. Standing up and straightening his tie. He heheh to prepare to meet the Police Chief. It was going to be a long day.
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Saudi Arabiyah, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Allbania, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan
[list]January, 1958
[sub]One year since the start of the Modernization of Oman: Progress and new reforms.[/sub][/list]
[sub]It been a year since Sultan Qaboos bin said started to modernize his country and things have change since then. Last year there were only 6 miles of paved roads within the sultanate but now there are over 48 miles of roads in the country. There were only three schools in Oman when the modernization started and now there are 16 schools in Oman and over 5,000 people, young and old and males and females, are attending schools. In one year over more than 16 hospitals have been build and the doctors and nurses there are taking care of the people who are sick and need of help. Qaboos has been traveling throughout the sultanate and meeting people and tribal leaders to express his hope and dream for Oman and ask for their support to help him with his goal in which all of them gladly agree to help their sultan. Many educated Omanis who been living aboard are returning back to their homeland en mass to answer the call of Sultan Qaboos bin Said and help him with modernizing the country.[/sub]
[sub]Within one year Sultan Qaboos establish radio stations throughout Oman to establish communications access to every part of the country. The Sultan of Oman's Armed Forces (SAF) have been modernizing quite well with the army, navy, and air forces receive new military equipment and technologies from US and UK. To give thanks to Paramountica and Great Britain Gb for their support in helping Oman to modernize, Qaboos decided to give Dhow (Oman traditional sailing boat) which was built within 6 months. To UK they named the Dhow Elisabeth after Queen Elisabeth I and to the current monarch Elisabeth II. To the US they named the Dhow Washington after the George Washington, First US President. Finally, Sultan Qaboos bin Said passes two royal decrees, one was that Omanis wear only the traditional Omani clothing and the second was that no Skyscrapers will be built in Oman. This is what happened in one year since the start of the modernization of Oman.[/sub]
[spoiler="We must all work together to build a better, more peaceful and stable world.
Qaboos bin Said Al Said, Sultan of Oman
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Allbania, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan
[list][list]FEBRUARY 1959
[sub]The Presidential Couple[/sub][/list]
[pre]O R D E M E P R O G R E S S O[/pre]
SÃO PAULO, SÃO PAULO, Brazil Toucan AFTERNOON
[sub]CONGONHAS AIRPORT[/sub]
| The presidential couple were now separated for the first time. On one side, in São Paulo, smiling President JUSCELINO KUBITSCHEK gave a short speech to war veterans who fought in Italy during World War II, and on the other, First Lady SARAH KUBITSCHEK delivered a speech to her female constituency in Rio de Janeiro, for the first time in history, Brazil saw a woman with the ambition to occupy the presidential chair. But despite her great popularity among women, SARAH has become a rival of the National Democratic Union (U.D.N.), old white-haired conservative politicians are against her candidacy for President, saying that women should not run for President. They even proposed a reform to the Brazilian constitution that would add that women could not run for public office, but it was not passed. SARAH could continue to win over voters. |
| Brazils First Lady was the busiest woman in the country, after Rio de Janeiro she will travel to São Paulo to deliver a speech to some workers, then travel to the Santa Catarina capital Curitiba to visit some hospitals, schools and universities. SARAH also plans to tour across the country to further grow her supporters. In São Paulo, President KUBITSCHEK is preparing for another international trip, the next country will be Gran Colombia and a second visit will be made to La Plata, having made the first official visit in June 1956, Kubitschek continues with his plans to strengthen relations with Brazils neighbors. |
| When the presidential car arrived at the airport, the President was greeted by eager newsmen, but KUBITSCHEK chose not to say anything. A few hours later, the Brazilian Presidents plane finally landed in Bogotá, where KUBITSCHEK was received by the Colombian President and his delegation. It was a very warm welcome. Already in the car, the two leaders went to the tourist spots, KUBITSCHEK was even impressed by the beauty of La Catedral Basílica Metropolitana y Primada de la Inmaculada Concepción y San Pedro de Bogotá. After a tour of the city, the two heads of state went to Casa de Nariño, the presidential palace that houses the Colombian President, where they signed agreements that would benefit Gran Colombia and Brazil. After the official visit to Colombia, wasting no time, the Brazilian presidential plane flew to La Plata. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Knights Empire
Sup
Cascadla, Knights Empire, Tatarstariya
[list]February 10, 1959
[sub]King Faisal introduces and signed the Basic Law of Saudi Arabia into effect.[/sub][/list]
[sub]In May, 1958, a week after dealing with the Free Princes Movement, King Faisal bin Abdulaziz announced on the radio to every Saudi in the kingdom that the Basic Law has been created and finalized and is signed into effect. It took nine months for legalists and clerics to work together to complete and finish creating and writing the Basic Law for the kingdom, which was hard since the Saudi cultural and religious views stigmatize any reference to "Constitution" other than the Qur'an and the practice of Muhammad. However, despite their difference they managed to finish creating the final draft for the document and present it to the king. King Faisal was quite pleased with the final draft, and on February 10, 1959, Faisal gave the Basic Law his approval and signed it into effect. That same day King Faisal delivers a speech on the radio to everyone announcing the adoption of the Basic Law as a rule of governance for the kingdom and outlining major provisions and chapters of the Basic Law:[/sub]
[sub]Chapter 1: General Principles[/sub]
[sub]- Article 1 states that "God's Book and the Sunna of His Prophet" are the country's constitution and Arabic is the official language with the capital at Riyadh[/sub]
[sub]Chapter 2: Monarchy[/sub]
[sub]- Article 7 proclaims the rights of the monarch. Next, per Article 8, "justice, consultation, and equality" shall be in accordance with Sharia.[/sub]
[sub]Chapter 3: Features of the Saudi family[/sub]
[sub]- Article 9 states that all members of each family in Saudi Arabia shall be reared "on the basis of the Islamic faith.[/sub]
[sub]Chapter 4: Economic Principles[/sub]
[sub]- Article 18 guards the private property of citizens.
Article 21 calls for an "alms tax".[/sub]
[sub]Chapter 5: Rights and Duties[/sub]
[sub]- Article 27 establishes a "system of social security". Article 39 requires all media outlets to conform to "the state's regulations," and explicitly forbids any act that "foster(s) sedition or division".[/sub]
[sub]Chapter 6: The Authorities of the State[/sub]
[sub]- Article 45 affirms that religious rulings must be in accordance with the "Holy Qur'an and the Prophet's Sunna." To this end, a panel of Islamic clergy and research group shall be established.[/sub]
[sub]According to Article 55, the king must "rule according to the traditions of Islam and shall supervise the application of Sharia." Article 56 states that the king is also the prime minister. Article 57 makes it clear that the king's cabinet and other lower-ranking officials must follow Islam. Those who deviate from this can be dismissed or punished.[/sub]
[sub]Articles 6062: The king is the commander-in-chief and is endowed with powers concerning war and the national security of the country.[/sub]
[sub]Chapter 7: Financial Affairs[/sub]
[sub]- Article 71 specifies that revenue is entered and spent according to rules of statutes which will be published regularly in the Official Gazette per Article 70.[/sub]
[sub]Chapter 8: Control Bodies[/sub]
[sub]- Article 7980 concerns control bodies. Control bodies will be established to ensure good financial and administrative management of state assets.[/sub]
[sub]Chapter 9: General Provisions[/sub]
[sub]- Article 82 makes it clear that a temporary state of emergency during turmoil cannot violate Article 7 (Qur'an and sunnah).[/sub]
[sub]King Faisal also announces that the Appointment to the Consultative Council shall take place in five months. This is the start of a new age of law and order in the kingdom.[/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]"There is no power and no strength save in God.
Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud, Founder of the Third Saudi State[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
FEBRUARY,1959
"Keistimewaan Pekerja"
______________________________________________
| Looking towards increasing motivation for farmers and fishermen to work harder.Farhad Akhbar Khan,creates the "Keistimewaan Pekerja" bill which will seek to give the farmers and fishermen special privileges that only they could use,with the bill stating
[List][I]- Farmers and fishermen have to give half of their farm goods/caught fish to the state by the end of the month and they'll get to keep the other half.
- Farmers and fishermen can only use their farm goods/caught fish as a bartering tool in marketplaces.[/I][/list]
| When this proposal was brought towards parliament to see if they could get the bill passed on towards the prime minister for finalisation.Most of parliament were against the proposal as they state
[List][I]"During these current times,we cannot guarantee that farmers and fishermen won't just abuse their bartering privileges by giving slightly rotten crops and meat to the market places for bartering."[/I][/list]
| Farhad would of course give his rebuttal as although he cannot guarantee that they can prevent con men from abusing the system,but con men will always find a way to get pass laws by looking through loopholes and there isn't anything they can do and they desperately need the farmers and fishermen to be more motivated to work harder.Eventually parliament bent the knee to Farhad and the bill was passed onto prime minister,Aisy Rayyan to see if the proposal is passed or rejected.
| In the end,the bill was passed and would take effect the very next day but they won't expect any major results until about a month from now.
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Ma-Li
[list][list]February 1959
[sub]Egypco Transitions to Arabco! [/sub][/list]
LIBYA, UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC, (Kotakuan Ii) MORNING
| The Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (Egypco) has embarked on a remarkable journey of reinvention, emerging as the Arab General Petroleum Corporation (Arabco). As Egypco evolves into Arabco, the core values and principles that has defined its success in the early 50s remained steadfast. The renowned state oil company had always been dedicated to excellence and innovation and these guiding principles continued to be at the heart of Arabco's operations. With its fresh identity, Arabco has aimed to establish itself as a leading force in the global energy sector, embodying the rich heritage and aspirations of the Arab world. |
| Central to Arabco's continued success was its fruitful partnership with the esteemed Italian energy giant, ENI. Both companies had shared a mutually beneficial relationship, and this alliance persevered in the new era of Arabco. The collaboration was characterized by a remarkable 50/50 share split of profits, a testament to the spirit of cooperation and equity that underpinned their endeavors. Together, Arabco and ENI would forge a path toward energy solutions and economic prosperity. |
| Within the recently formed United Arab Republic Arabco began to continue to utilise the rich oil reserves within Libya, a region known for its untapped potential. In particular, a series of extraordinary discoveries were made in Libya, a land endowed with vast natural resources. As the sun-kissed landscapes unfolded, revealing hidden treasures beneath the desert sands, Arabco's exploration teams worked tirelessly to unveil the true magnitude of these newfound deposits. Deep in the heart of Libya, several sites emerged as beacons of hope and promise for Arabco. Among these were the expansive fields of El Sharara, stretching far and wide with their untapped potential. With cutting-edge technologies and a relentless pursuit of excellence, Arabco's engineers and geologists meticulously extracted the liquid gold that lay dormant, transforming these discoveries into precious energy sources for the world.|
| Not far from El Sharara, the majestic expanse of the Ghadames Basin welcomed Arabco's skilled teams. This geological marvel bore witness to the convergence of ancient tectonic forces, creating a geological tapestry of invaluable resources. Here, Arabco's experts deployed their knowledge and expertise to unlock the potential of these ancient reserves, harnessing their power for the benefit of the people and nations they served. As Arabco delved deeper into the rich geological tapestry of the United Arab Republic, other notable sites came to the forefront. The coastal fields of Sirte, a breathtaking vista where the turquoise waters of the Mediterranean met the golden dunes, proved to be an abundant source of hydrocarbons. Here, Arabco's relentless pursuit of knowledge and technology merged seamlessly with the rich natural endowment, paving the way for a prosperous future. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
[list][list][list][pre]RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
FRENCH BUREAUCRACY
MINISTÈRE DE LA DÉFENSE NATIONALE[/pre][/list]
______
MINISTRY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE: PRESIDENT DE GAULLE AND GENERAL ELY STRIVE TO GIVE THE FRENCH ARMY A NEW PURPOSE
[sub]VTH REPUBLIC | PARIS, FEBRUARY 1959[/sub][/list]
[sub]| HELM OF WARFARE, MINISTÈRE DE LA DÉFENSE NATIONALE, FRANÇAIS RÉPUBLIQUE - | In more than four years of war, Algeria had seen no bloodier fighting in all its existence. Returning to old-style guerrilla tactics, but armed with new automatic weapons, the F.L.N. rebels struck in bands of 30 or less at isolated French outposts, and mined the railway line leading from the Sahara oilfields. Trying to seal off the rebels' supply lines from neighboring Tunisia, the French gave as good as they could muster. The week's estimated casualty toll on both sides was more than 500 men. Some hopeful observers, far from the scene, thought that both sides were just getting in a good bargaining position for peace talks, and would shortly have something to say.[/sub]
[sub]Last week both sides did say something indeed. At a press conference in Tunis, big, stoop-shouldered Muhammed Yazid, "Minister of Information" in the rebels' provisional government, stepped forward. "We regret to declare" he announced, "that the provisional government of the Algerian Republic does not presently see any prospect for peace in Algeria." Yazid went on to warn off Total Oil of Courbevoie, which had just negotiated oil-exploration rights in the Algerian Sahara with the French government. "Our people are not tied by deals concluded with the enemy" warned Yazid, "and consider them an act of hostility toward the Algerian people." Three days later Charles de Gaulle went on television for his first speech to the French people since he became President of the Fifth Republic. "A sterile struggle still drags on in Algeria" he said. "The war can lead only to useless misery. It must come to an end soon. Why not at once, in the honorable conditions that I have proposed?" To De Gaulle, "honorable conditions" for a "peace of the brave" are an immediate cease-fire and talks with rebel delegates in Paris on military matters. However the rebels have an "honorable" condition of their own: they want France to promise independence to Algeria before agreeing to talks. In the eyes of the other, each side was demanding victory in advance, and so the fighting went on.[/sub]
[sub]In Paris last week a gaunt, leathery career officer acquired, almost unnoticed, more political power than any other soldier on active duty in the Western democracies. By governmental decree, General Paul Ely, age 61, Chief of France's National Defense Staff, was given precedence over all French officials save President Charles de Gaulle and Premier Michel Debre. Hereafter, Ely, not the Minister of Defense, will be directly in charge of France's national security; if he chooses, in a time of crisis, Ely can even enter into international negotiations on his own authority. Behind Charles de Gaulle's decision to grant Ely such sweeping authority lay one of the great continuing struggles of France's Fifth Republic. When De Gaulle took office last June, some of his critics, disregarding the record of his previous self-restraint in power, freely predicted that he would soon be dictator of France. Nine months later De Gaulle is still waging a cautious and complicated campaign to win full mastery over the very force that sparked his return to powerthe French army. The Algiers colonels' revolt of last May was dramatic proof of the disaffection that 14 years of losing colonial wars in Indo-China and North Africa had engendered in French professional officers. Just how deep that disaffection went is now the talk of Paris as the result of a new book by two top French newsmen, the brothers Serge and Merry Bromberger, who call the Algiers uprising a fusion of 13 distinct conspiracies.[/sub]
[sub]Had De Gaulle not been voted into power when he was, army leaders in both France and Algeria planned to carry out an assault on Paris called "Operation Resurrection." This plan was widely discussed at the time, but the Brombergers' book adds many details. From Algiers, swashbuckling General Jacques Massu was prepared to move on Paris with 1,500 paratroopersto be flown over in planes supplied from France by a senior air force officer. Other generals in France had promised to support Massu's movement with an additional 4,000 paratroopers, 80 tanks and two battalions of colonial infantry. In all probability the attack would have met with no organized resistance. Unwilling to take responsibility for plunging France into civil war, General Ely resigned as Chief of Staff rather than issue an order calling upon units in France to oppose their brother soldiers from Algeria. As soon as De Gaulle took power, he restored Ely to his old job, encouraged him in the quiet dispersal of May 13 plotters, including General Raoul Salan, the overall commander in Algeria, who has now been made Commandant of Paris, an honorific post. However the sickness of the French army runs too deep to be cured by reassigning a few senior commanders. The real problem, as De Gaulle sees it, is to give France's young officers a mission more stimulating than colonial suppression.[/sub]
[sub]Six weeks ago De Gaulle quietly issued a series of drastic decrees placing on the army's shoulders full responsibility for preparedness against atomic attack and "subversive ideological war." Under these decrees, if the President officially declares a "state of alert," every citizen of France between the ages of 17 and 60 automatically becomes subject to mobilization and military justice. The task assigned to each individual military, civil defense or industrialwould be determined by army-run "zones of defense," each capable of carrying on even if communication with Paris or all other zones is cut. The authority granted to General Ely last week is both a consequence and a symbol of the vast new peacetime role De Gaulle has given France's army. Famed for courageEly wears the Croix de guerre with six citations which he achieved during both World Wars and in Indochina, and he still carries his arm in a sling as a result of a World War II wound, thus France's top active soldier has rare prestige with the French officer corps.[/sub]
[sub]Last week, clearly acting as De Gaulle's spokesman, Ely gave French officers a pep talk in the official National Defense Review, outlining their new mission. The Soviet bloc, wrote Ely, is not necessarily as monolithic as it looks. Already, he declared, "Russia, in its endeavors to catch up with American industrial and scientific developments, is moving toward a similar structure." If Red China persists in driving toward "true-blue Communism," the day might come when, between the Chinese threat and "a shift toward the old mystic spiritualism of the Slavs," a Christianized and "Americanized Russia . . . might return to the Western camp." Chief threat to such a happy ending, Ely emphasized, is Russian expansion in Asia and Africa"for each new implantation of Communism helps it find again the purity of its younger days." Hence the prime task of the West is to keep Russia out of the underdeveloped nations by carrying out "a just and equitable distribution of Western wealth."[/sub]
[sub]These were high-flown words and thoughts to come from the pen of an old soldier. They were in fact words carefully calculated for their effect on France's restless officers. The moral that Ely and De Gaulle clearly intended them to draw: the fate of Western civilization will rest in part on the manner in which France and the French army conduct themselves in the awakening nations of France's former African empire. |[/sub]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]VIVE LA RÉPUBLIQUE!
VIVE LA FRANCE!
VIVE LEMPIRE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐌
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Paseo, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Saudi Arabiyah, Holy Vatican City States, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Allbania, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li
[pre]| AUGUST АВГУСТ 1958 |[/pre]
[list][list][list][pre]USSR ★ UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS
Союз Советских Социалистических Республик CCCP |[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
THE GROZNY RIOT:
ETHNIC TENSIONS ERUPT IN THE CAUCASUS CITY LEADING TO ALL-UNION MILITIA INTERVENTION!
ГРОЗНЫЙ БУНТ:
ЭТНИЧЕСКАЯ НАПРЯЖЕННОСТЬ В КАВКАЗСКОМ ГОРОДЕ ПРИВЕЛА К ВМЕШАТЕЛЬСТВУ ВСЕСОЮЗНОЙ МИЛИЦИИ!
[pre]|The Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was rife with ethnic tension as Chechens and Ingush returned from their deportations to Central Asia. Only to find Slavs in their place. The region had a large All-Union Militia presence to enforce ethnic peace in the region, with All-Union Militia Units being of mixed ethnicity it was hoped to promote ethnic peace seeing Slavs and Chechen/Ingush serving together. Social ideals in the Checheno-Ingush ASSR was one of duality. Modernization flowed through the region especially in urban areas by Slavic people and their staunch socialist ideals coming in stark contrast to the religious and traditionalist Chechens and Ingush societies. Although peace was status quo it could take the smallest action to light ethnic violence. |[/pre]
[pre]| The 23rd of august saw a peaceful day even though tensions brewed in the background. At night, all of that changed for Grozny. A Soviet soldier, Roman Vsevolodovich was dancing in a Grozny club when a local woman caught his eye. In his slightly inebriated state he made his way to the young woman and propositioned her to join him in a dance. She agreed and they began to dance, unbeknownst to Roman the young woman was engaged to a Ingush man who was in a seating area with his friends and brothers. The man caught the sight of his fiancé dancing with another man, nonetheless a Russian. The egos of the two men lead into a brutal brawl over the young woman. The fist fight turned deadly when the Fiancé stabbed Roman in the gut and chest with a knife. The club emptied in a rush of screams as news of the killing swiftly reached the Slavic population and the Soviet soldiers in the city. |[/pre]
[pre]| 10,000 Armed Russians assembled in central Grozny demanding the disarming of all Chechens and Ingush and all those found armed to be shot on sight or deported. As Soviet officials did not initially listen to these demands, massive clashes and riots erupted across Grozny for five days. On the 27th a group of Russians made similar demands: to rename the CI ASSR into Grozny Oblast or be it then Multinational Soviet Socialist Republic, In the Grozny Oblast, Chechen-Ingush population is not to be permitted to exceed 10% of the whole population, To transfer from other republics the front line, progressive Komsomol youth of different nationalities in order to develop the riches of the Grozny Oblast and to develop the agriculture, and from 27 August 1958 onward to abolish all Chechen-Ingush population's privileges vis-à-vis other nationalities. The Russian mobs distinguished themselves with red headbands and killed a elderly Chechen in Urus-Martan. The mobs found little resistance from Non-Slavic populations as Chechens and Ingush tried to show themselves as peaceful people. The Red Headbands stormed government buildings demanding Moscow to listen to their pleas and rid the Grozny Oblast of its bandit populations. The last straw would be the Red Headbands capturing a Trainstation in the ASSR. All-Union Militia soldiers would move in and after being pelted and attacked killed 3 Red Headbands leading to a dispersal of the crowd. |[/pre]
[pre]| All-Union Militia would lock down Grozny and for a couple days any violence would be extremely punished. The status quo would slowly return and Chechens and Ingush would be allowed to stay in the region and no demands from the Red Headbands would be adhered to, but also no Red Headband would be arrested. Pravda would describe the Red Headbands as a chauvinistic and anti-Soviet force in the region and mention of it would be severely punished. The status quo of the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic would be reinstated. |[/pre]
[list][list][pre]WORKERS OF THE WORLD UNITE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]ТРУДЯЩИЕСЯ МИРА ОБЪЕДИНЯЙТЕСЬ![/pre][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Allbania, Brazil Toucan, Ma-Li, Neorhomia
Negotiations: Politics, Society, and Economy
March 1959
The first months of negotiations proved to be the most difficult. The African Regroupment Party became increasingly frustrated and divided upon how the nation should be. Most worryingly, Ahmed Touré seemed as if he may leave the negotiations altogether and take Guinea towards complete independence.
Largely, the disagreements came with the issues of which rights were constitutionally to be granted to the states, and which were given to the executive. Secondarily, the structure of the national government. Finally, showing how deep greed ran within the convention itself, a massive argument exploded over which of the leading politicians would be granted which governing roles.
Senghor represents the moderate politician attempting to bridge the gap between the left wing and right wing.
Firstly, he would need to address Ahmed Tourés concerns. Touré, and Yaméogo both were afraid of being marginalized within a federation dominated by Senegal and Sudan. Through assurances by Keïta who was a principal ally of Touré, he was able to be convinced to listen to Senghor. The Federation would take a cooperative role toward federalism. State governments would have certain privileges and rights protected and work in tandem with the national government. This ensured that even in the event of a government change, the rights of small states would be protected. Most of these states' rights would be control over intrastate trade, developmental budgets, and state taxation.
To ease Tourés fears further, an olive branch would be extended. Being a left winger he greatly distrusted having the right in total control of governance. To appease him, Senghor guaranteed that with himself as head of government as Prime Minister, Touré would be Deputy Minister. Furthermore, mandated bipartisanship and encouragement of left and right agreement on all bill passage would help ease domination by one group.
Ethnic tensions also were a major discussion. How could the 40% Mandé population peacefully deal with everyone else? A solution was proposed by which all ethnic platforms would be forbidden constitutionally. No one could run on, or make laws favoring or discriminating against any ethnic group. Even in the media discussions of tribalism, and ethnicity were to be shunned or pressured by pulling government subsidies.
Finally, the actual structure of the government was decided. The upper house would be a body of workers, employers, and entrepreneurs in mass-line-style organizations. These members would be elected by members of those organizations at a pyramid level, with locals delegating to state reps, delegating to the national reps. This upper house would handle especially economic affairs, budgets, and workers' rights. The more radical members of the ARP-L complained that giving entrepreneurs and employers organizations was a betrayal of the mass line politics, and socialism in general. Nonetheless, the majority were appeased.
The lower house remained a traditional direct popular vote system. This body would control inter-state and national trade, social, and foreign policy, as well as the military and police.
With a federal system set up, and a policy of ethnic neutrality in politics set up, the government would move to secularism and religion. The entire convention agreed on secularism being government policy. Unlike British colonies, especially in Nigeria, religious policies had never been something the French cared about or actively meddled in. Some members of the ARP-L believed the government should attempt to manipulate or influence these secular authorities to ensure they stay in line with government doctrine and dogma. The ARP-R disagreed vehemently, instead, they argued the state should have a full hands-off approach. All churches, and temples of all types should be treated like other businesses, and be taxed. There was also a sizable delegation that believed proselytizing should be banned. From Muslims that disagreed with Christian missionaries, to Traditional Faiths that rejected Abrahamic faiths altogether.
After an intense period of arguing and negotiations, the group agreed to a list of guidelines. Churches, Mosques, and Temples would be exempt from taxation, except if they engaged in commercial activities. Proselytizing would be banned, under a set of anti-conversion laws.
Under near unanimous agreement women would have their right to vote protected.
When it finally came to discussing who would gain which political seat, the ARP-L and ARP-R descended like vultures. The leaders of each faction argued incessantly over who deserved which political seat. At one point a few representatives had to be removed after insults led to near-fist-fighting. After days of arguments and disagreement, eventually, a compromise would once again be reached. Modibo Keïta would be named head of government, and Maurice Yaméogo would be named Vice President. Léopold Senghor as a compromise would hold real government power as prime minister. Ahmed Sékou Touré leveraging his power would be named Vice Minister. The ARP-L had effectively maneuvered more power out of the weaker ARP-R even if only ceremonially.
Part 2: Economics
Discussions would then turn toward the economy. Politicians in general could not often grasp and accurately lay out a coherent economic policy. These politicians would be no different. The leftists argued for an idealist collectivized communal utopia where Africa was self-sufficient, and European imperialists were driven out. The rightists too pictured an idealized free market utopia where small businesses and small farmers ruled the land with free small entrepreneurs being unhindered under capitalism.
These clashing ideals are why Senghor turned to the economist, close confidant, and occasional rival Mamadou Dia. A well-known writer in West Africa due to his theories on economics. He would take the bickering left and right and fuse them in a system that was reminiscent of Neo-Corporatist models that had arisen in Asia and Europe. Dia would envision an economy that combined 5-year plans, and government development planning, with free enterprise. Furthering this goal he would argue for the protection of small businesses and entrepreneurs by directing foreign aid towards their development.
Agriculturally, Dia opposed collectivization, but not the movement of civilians to more centrally administered villages. This would become the underpinning of the villagization policies as small and scattered groups would be brought into central villages, where they would be given plots of land and slowly build from there. This would also give them access to tractors, fertilizer, and most importantly low to no interest loans.
Worker-Employer relations would emphasize cooperation as employers had mandated employee councils that could have a say in hiring, firing, and wage negotiations. Dia hoped this would be able to advert the worsts of worker abuse in big business while avoiding the pitfalls of hurting profit.
Dias policies would go over surprisingly well at the conference. His well-respected status, and genuine desire to work with both left and right to achieve pragmatic.
The convention would break for a week-long recess. During this time mass festivities would take place in the small village of Kangaba which by this point swelled to 70,000. Many tribal leaders were in attendance with a few ceremonially stabbing their swords into the ground before the new government to emulate the past when the 12 tribes of the Mandé did so to swear alliance to Sundiata.
Negotiations Passed by Compromise as Mali Comes Closer To Creation
Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Brazil Toucan
[list][list]DECEMBER 1953
[sub]A Vague Premonition[/sub][/list]
[pre] O P P E N H E I M E R ¹ [/pre]
[list][sub][pre]The world is changing, reforming This is your moment.
How can this man, who knows so much, Be so blind?
The force from which the sun draws its power, Has been loose.
Maybe the most important man who ever lived
The man who moved the earth.[/pre][/sub][/list]
[sup]. . . Modern Prometheus raided Mount Olympus again and have brought back for man the very thunderbolts of Zeus . . .
Scientific American, September 45[/sup]
EXT. GEORGETOWN NEIGHBORHOOD EVENING
[sub]WASHINGTON D.C., Paramountica[/sub]
| ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, the most renowned scientist and father of the modern American physics, a pioneer of his day felt at this moment that his entire life, career and reputation had suddenly spiraled into a nadir he couldnt possibly have seen coming. It was four days before Christmas, as OPPENHEIMER looked out of the window of the sedan taking him to his lawyers Georgetown home in Washington. There, he sat in his dark brown suit, blue collared shirt and navy blue knit tie, his fedora hat upon one of his crossed over legs as he mumbled off in disbelief. |
[list]| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | I cant believe what is happening to me.[/list]
| The sedan continued to speed along the Washington streets, its postwar atmosphere had over the last eight years given way to the new Pax Americana that had become so established in the Washingtonian sphere, a superpower determination. During this day, the scientist was still heavily exhaled, and OPPENHEIMER, a prophet of American policy direction, a halcyon era for the scientific community that most certainly to OPPENHEIMER now, was fast sunsetting. OPPENHEIMER turns to glance at his driver, HAL, formerly a chafferer to General EISENHOWER, now President. |
[list]| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | Hal.
| HAL, [sub]Automobile Chafferer[/sub] | Mr. Oppenheimer?
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | Do you know what Prometheus did?
| HAL, [sub]Automobile Chafferer[/sub] | The um, Greek mythos?[/list]
| OPPENHEIMER slumped back softly into the backseats, not in disbelief that HAL knew, but rather over something else as he mumbled back softly. |
[list]| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | Thats the very one.
| HAL, [sub]Automobile Chafferer[/sub] | Well if I can recall. . . He stole fire from the Gods, and gave it to man did I get that?
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | You know more, go on.
| HAL, [sub]Automobile Chafferer[/sub] | Mr. Oppenheimer.
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | What did Zeus do?
| HAL, [sub]Automobile Chafferer[/sub] | . . . um well, when he learned of it, he ordered Heph, uh
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | Hephaestus to punish Prometheus upon Mount Caucasus, precisely . . . Apollodorus, book 1:7, the second century B.C.[/list]
| OPPENHEIMER turned to glance back at the window as Washingtons street lamps passed by, as for now the countrys most important scientist, the father of modern psychics and the bomb wanted to just curl up somewhere and |
INT. TOWNHOUSE of HERBERT MARKS L.L.P. EVENING
[sub]WASHINGTON D.C., Paramountica[/sub]
[list]| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | He just handed it to me out of the blue today, I-I dont know what to do, Herb.[/list]
| OPPENHEIMER was standing next to the fireplace of the Georgetown townhouse, with its comfortable interiors for a December evening. HERBERT MARKS, was not just his lawyer, but also one of his closest friends. MARKS wife, ANNE WILSON MARKS, had also once been his secretary during their stay at Los Alamos during the war. Of whom, ANNE prepared a tea set, aware of OPPENHEIMERs despairing state of mind as HERBERT reviewed the official letter dispatched from the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) that smugly LEWIS STRAUSS, chairman of said AEC had handed him that very same afternoon without as much of a handshake. |
[list]| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | . . . A new review . . . of your background and policy recommendations . . . oh dear lord this pans from the ridiculous! . . . In 1940 you were listed as a sponsor of the Friends of the Chinese Marxists
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | To the political, Herb . . . look at that bit, the Autumn of 49.
| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | In the autumn of 1949, and subsequently, you strongly opposed the development of the hydrogen bomb . . .
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | Should I resign?
| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | Yes No . . . no Robert.
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | So fight the charges then, contained here and whatever else they want to paint me with?![/list]
| The development of the Manhattan Project had been a wartime effort and necessity, fear over German obtainment of the bomb had driven many who were at Los Alamos, but for OPPENHEIMER since Hiroshima and Nagasaki, a harboring of a vague premonition of something ominous lay in wait for him . . . In the postwar halcyon that came after the conclusion of the war, OPPENHEIMER reached a status akin to the most respected scientist and public policy advisor of his generation. But he also had a sense of paranoia and dread, for whatever reasons, the tide of anti-communism rose in the country and throughout the late 40s OPPENHEIMER had appeared before the powerful HUAC, the House Committee on Un-American Activities to testify answering questions concerning their investigations, and unbeknownst to him, the Federal Bureau (FBI) had taped his home and office telephones and scurrilous articles about his political past and policy recommendations, once favored during the Presidency of Henry A. Wallace, whom, had often invited Oppenheimer to dine and golf at the White House had given way to resounding distance from the Truman and present Eisenhower administrations, have OPPENHEIMER a sense of being hunted. It was no secret that |
[list]| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | Theyre going after me, Herb . . . Everyone, EVERYONE was practically communist during those days. You couldnt go five steps at Berkeley and Stanford without meeting a fellow left-winger [in the 1930s].
| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | Yes, I know left wing activities were common but, Robert, its clearly more than that.[/list]
| ANNE brought the tea set on the coffee table before the two men, as OPPENHEIMER stood and MARKS remained seated with his pipe on an armchair. It was true that most of academia had shifted left during the 1930s and 1940s. It was said that in Great Britain Gbs Cambridge University, there were only Keynesians and Stalinists vying for influence over the campsus economic and political thought, and much the same was true of American academia minus the focus on Stalinisms . . . OPPENHEIMER had also enraged Washington insiders with his constant publication and interviews denouncing the U.S. Air Forces postwar plans for massive strategic bombing with nuclear weapons, plans and tactics of which he condemned as the highest form of danger for the humanitarian effort, and by doing so, used his veritably icon status to upset LEWIS STRAUS, Chairman of the AEC and J. EDGAR HOOVER, Director of the FBI the most. |
[list]| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | The Air Force comments.
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | The Air Force comments?
| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | Yes, quiet possibly that upset a great deal of people here, very much.
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | But to go after me, unbelievable, I cant even begin to[/list]
| OPPENHEIMER was the first to turn and look, as a knock on the door was heard. ANNE, motioning for calm, walked up to answer it, and the caution was lifted as ANNE exclaimed something, and soon enough appeared; KATHERINE KITTY OPPENHEIMER, wife of ROBERT, and registered member of the Communist Party of America. OPPENHEIMER went up to KITTY and they embraced for a moment as MARKS attempted to break the ice a bit. |
[list]| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | Hanukkah came early this year, what are you two doing for Christmas? Its in 4 days right?
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | Chinese food and a movie screening, if Im not called before the AEC or HUAC by then.
| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | It wont happen anytime immediately, itll be the spring, Robert . . . Possibly April or May.
| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | The deck is stacked, but I cant let these challenges go. I wont. Strauss wants me to resign, to simply step down at the mere threat of. . . whatever this is.[/list]
░░▒▒
[list][list][pre]J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, PhD
Consultant to the Atomic Energy Commission
21 December 1953
Dear Lewis,
You put to me as a possibly describe alternative that I request termination of my contract as a consultant to the Commission, and thereby avoid an explicit consideration of the charges . . . I had truly considered your option, not because of its validity but of the threats carried out on the Afternoon of the 21st of December. But under the circumstances, this course of action would mean that I accept and concur in the view that I am not fit to serve this government, and that I have now served for some twelve years . . . This I cannot do. If I were thus unworthy I could hardly have served this country as I have tried, or been the Director of our Institute [for Advanced Study] in Princeton, or have spoken, as on more than one occupation I hav found myself speaking, in the name of our science and our country. I will not resign, and I refute every ounce of allegations abhorrent in the letter given to me by you.
Sincerely,
Dr. Oppenheimer, PhD.[/pre][/list][/list]
| By the end of the evening, OPPENHEIMER was despondently exhausted. The letter had been drafted by him and MARKS, and dispatched soon afterwards. After a few whiskey drinks with MARKS & Co, MARKS helped OPPENHEIMER to his shoes. |
[list]| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | You can retire to the guest bedroom, well clean up here.[/list]
| OPPENHEIMER nodded, drunk and depressed as he stumped up the staircase. KITTY going to help ANNE as HERBERT began to spin the rotary dial on the black telephone in the foyer, to make a few calls. |
░░▒▒
NIGHT LATER
| With OPPENHEIMER upstairs in the guest bedroom, the tranquility of the evening was broken when a CRASH! Was heard from the upstairs, with MARKS, ANNE and KITTY hearing and racing upstairs, finding the bedroom empty and the bathroom door closed. ANNE was the first to knock, rather concerned. |
[list]| ANNE WILSON MARKS [sub]Los Alamos Secretary[/sub] | Robert? . . . Robert, are you alright? Are you in there[/list]
| MARKS soon began to knock bang a bit louder. |
[list]| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | Robert, open the door. ROBERT?[/list]
| KITTY stood there, concerned, as MARKS now knocked harder, before realizing the door wasnt locked . . . but something was blocking the door. Rolling up his sleeves, MARKS proceeded to push . . . and gradually they three forced it open, pushing OPPENHEIMERs limp body to one side, still in his suit and tie and the three entered the bathroom, with MARKS leaning over and patting OPPENHEIMERs face. |
[list]| HERBERT S. MARKS, [sub]Lawyer & Friend[/sub] | Robert? . . . Robert wake up . . .?[/list]
| ANNE turned to KITTY, urgently. |
[list]| ANNE WILSON MARKS, [sub]Los Alamos Secretary[/sub] | Kitty quick, call the doctor, his number is in the book![/list]
| OPPENHEIMER began to be revived, mumbling off softly and broken up. |
[list]| J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, [sub]Theoretical Physicist[/sub] | Damnit . . . I happen to love this country . . .[/list]
| KITTY stood by the telephone, as she finished the phone call, urgently to return back to her husband. |
[list]| DR. ISAAC GREENE, [sub]Washingtonian Doctor[/sub] [sup](TELEPHONE)[/sup] | Hes awake now? Good, dont let him go to sleep.[/list]
| The doctors warning was important, for in the following hour until his arrival, the three walked OPPENHEIMER along the upstairs hallway, coaxing him to sip coffee, it had become apparent he took one of KITTYs prescription sleeping pills, and mixed with the drinks he had proven alarming but he was still around, aware that the ordeal he was about to endure marked the end of his halcyon in the public American square the end of his public service career and oddly enough, securing his legacy had only started. |
[list][pre]From New Yorks Manhattan to Los Alamos, New Mexico, from Obscurity to Prominence, part of great struggles and triumphs in the world of American science, war, and social justice under the gaze of the Cold War. J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, an American Jew who advised both the American and Israeli programs had his extraordinary intelligence Starting in the 1920s, OPPENHEIMERs found and love of Quantum Physics, first picked up in Germany and later at the University of California, Berkeley had moved his consequence to develop the Atomic Bomb to combat the rise of Fascism aboard, and worked closely with fellow travelers and communists alike in the struggle to defeat said fascism and achieve economic and social equity. Those were some of the finest years of his life, but also the tragedy that those very same efforts would be used throughout the 1950s to silence his voice as a reminder of his delicate the systems of the Republic exist when we profess the, and how carefully they ought to be guarded . . .
In the late 1940s after the Presidency of Henry A. Wallace, starting with the Truman years and the Berlin Crisis of 48, Soviet-American relations deteriorated, and OPPENHEIMERs persistence on matters that greatly troubled Washingtons national security establishment had ramped up with the return of the Republicans in 1953, elevating a new form of American policymakers, the Brinksmenship and Realpolitik for massive nuclear retaliation, one of the first of whom being LEWIS STRAUSS, to power. He and his allies had a determination to silence the one man who they feared could credibly challenge their emerging cold war thinking.[/pre][/list]
____________
[sub]¹ A Series: OPPENHEIMER, the agony and humiliation that he was to endure in 1954 was not unique during the era of McCarthy. He was Americas Prometheus, the father of the Atomic Bomb, and lesser-known but more impactful as the father of modern American psychics.[/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Kotakuan Ii, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Vancouver Straits, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Brazil Toucan, Knights Empire
[list][list][list][pre]STATUS CIVITATIS VATICANAE
VATICAN CITY STATE
THE HOLY SEE[/pre][/list]
______
SECRETARY OF STATE OF HIS HOLINESS: 21st ECUMENICAL COUNCIL IN THE WORKS AS POPE JOHN XXIII ATTEMPTS TO BRING ALL CHRISTIANS TOGETHER
[sub]VATICAN CITY | ROME, FEBRUARY MCMLIX[/sub][/list]
[sub]| SECRETARIUS STATUS SANCTITATIS SUAE - | Pope John XXIII stepped into his black Cadillac one day last week and rode to the church of St. Paul Outside the Walls. Along his route, the night before, policemen had painted out life-size posters of Paris-born Cinema Star Marina Vlady in a skintight bathing suit. In a hall adjoining St. Paul's, before 20 surprised cardinals assembled to celebrate the 1,900th anniversary of the Epistle to the Romans, the Pope announced what may well be the most important 20th century landmark event in the history of the Roman Catholic Church; the 21st Ecumenical Council, which will probably meet in 1962 if all goes well.[/sub]
[sub]Convened under the presidency of the Pope or his papal legate, an ecumenical council brings together the whole world's Roman Catholic hierarchycardinals, patriarchs, primates, archbishops and bishops, and the abbots and superiors of certain orders. The decisions of the ecumenical council, subject only to papal confirmation, are binding on all Catholics; it was the last ecumenical council in 1869-70 that declared the dogma of papal infallibility. Considered the prime objective of the next council will be "to invite the separated religious communities . . . to seek the unity of the church, desired by so many souls all over the world." Said John XXIII: "We ardently desire their return to the house of the common Father . . . they will not enter a strange house but their own." Prime target among the "separated religious communities" is Eastern Orthodoxy. In Pope John's first public speech the day after his election, he went out of his way to beam benevolence toward the estimated 150 million communicants who are spiritual descendants of the church in Constantinople, which in the 4th century easily rivaled the authority of Rome and finally broke with the Roman Pope over a combination of political and doctrinal disagreements.[/sub]
[sub]Unlike Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy has no single head but what has been described as "an oligarchy of patriarchs." There are five major patriarchates: Constantinople (Istanbul), Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem and Moscow, plus lesser patriarchs for the Serbs, Rumanians and Georgians. Most prestigious is the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, called "first among equals," whose present incumbent is Archbishop Athenagoras I, a longtime friend of Pope John. During his 20 years as a Vatican diplomat in Bulgaria and in Greece and Turkey, John is said to have grown optimistic about the possibilities of closer relations with the Eastern church. Last week one leading Vatican spokesman said that "the chances of healing the rift between the Roman and Orthodox churches are better now than they have been for hundreds of years." A major factor in the new climate has been Vatican support of the Orthodox churches against increasing pressure from Moscow. However one immovable foundation of Roman doctrine seems to stand in the path of reunion: the insistence that the Bishop of Rome is successor of St. Peter, Vicar of Christ and supreme ruler of all Christians.[/sub]
[sub]The same ancient obstacle is a roadblock to unity with those other "separated communities"the Protestants. Pope John is said to be sounding out Protestant leaders on the possibilities of having Protestant representatives at the ecumenical council as "observers." This in itself would be a significant step in Protestant-Catholic relations; Protestants refused to attend the last ecumenical council of 1869-70. Last week Protestant reactions to the Pope's planned council were calculatedly reserved. General Secretary Willem Visser 't Hooft of the World Council of Churches commented that much would depend on "how ecumenical the council will be, in composition and spirit." There are "enormous" possibilities for cooperation e.g., joint action against Communist oppression, prevention of atomic warfare, the problems of Christians in non-Christian countries, "provided that the Vatican is willing to admit and accept dogmatic differences." In Britain the Archbishop of Canterbury indicated that the Anglican Church would send an observer, if invited, but a spokesman for the Presbyterian Church of Scotland was dour. "We are very keen on the ecumenical movement," he said, "but not under Roman Catholic sponsorship. We want a union of Christendom, but not on their terms."[/sub]
[sub]In their chalet headquarters at Geneva last week, 14 top leaders of the World Council of Churches met for one of the most exciting meetings in the council's ten-year history. Cause of the stir: Pope John's dramatic announcement of an ecumenical council in 1962, which will examine the question of Christian unity and may well include Protestant observers. The problem before the council: On what terms can other Christians meet with Roman Catholicism in the face of its insistence that it is the only true Christian church? President Marc Boegner of the Federation of Protestant Churches of France said: "There are barriers humanly insurmountable . . . But it is no less true that a radically new climate has developed in the course of the last decades in the relations of the great Christian confessions among themselves." In the U.S., President Edwin T. Dahlberg of the National Council of Churches said: "Anything that would bring together all the churches of Christ would be blessed of God." But, he added, "it would have to be recognized that it was a mutual coming together, not under conditions laid down by one church for all the others."[/sub]
[sub]Geneva corridor talk brought some sharp if still baffled evaluation of the Pope's motives in calling the Rome meeting. Germany's Evangelical Bishop Otto Dibelius hopefully felt that the Pope might be acknowledging the World Council's strength with 171 Protestant, Anglican and Orthodox churches in 53 countries, with a combined membership of close to 350 million, compared to the 500 million Roman Catholics. Martin Niemoeller, outspoken German pacifist, envisioned a papal effort "to wean away the Eastern Orthodox churches from the World Council. I do not think this will work. The council has more practical experience in modern inter-church cooperation than the Vatican. But perhaps the Orthodox churches could serve as a bridge, helping the Vatican to break through its traditional isolation." At least one high-ranking Roman Catholic priest seemed to agree. At a World Council reception in Geneva, he commented: "Let us all pray that God will give the Holy Father the strength to break through the opposition of the Curia. One must not forget that these cardinals in their ivory Vatican tower have never seen Protestants, and feel no need for contacts with something that to them does not exist. The Pope is a man of great experience. Let us hope he can make the weight of his enlightened judgment felt."[/sub][/list]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui Sancto,
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, et in sæcula sæculorum. Amen.[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐑𝐎𝐌𝐄
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Brazil Toucan
MARCH,1959
Royalist Worries
______________________________________________
| Chairman of the Maziyan Royalist Party,Esma Aiman began to worry that as the years go by.More and more people are beginning to feel that they shouldn't have a royal family and that the royal family is nothing more then the symbol of the past that the nation should strive to break away from.He thought this because,the previous sultan,Zahier Al Hafiz was assassinated during the period in which tension was rising in the nation and had lead to multiple Malays pointing the blame onto the Chinese.
| Esma Aiman to try and keep the importance of the monarchy in the minds of those who are educated as he believes that the educated are the most likely to try and get the monarchy and royal family removed and stripped off their titles.He would create a bill titled the "Kepentingan Raja Kepada Masyarakat" which would teach those who are being formally educated that the monarchy are
[List][I]- Important symbol to Malay culture and heritage and is what the yellow on the flag represents.
- The sultan is the religious figurehead of the nation.
- The royal family is maintained as a natural continuation of the government.[/I][/list]
| Most of the Maziyan parliament were conservative even if most members weren't part of the Royalist Party.So to them preserving the royal family is one of the most important things they have to do,this also included prime minister Aisy Rayyan who let the bill passed but a small group in parliament which was being rallied by vice-president of Maziya Parti Nasional,Farhad Akhbar Khan but while they tried to convince Aisy Rayyan to immediately cancel the bill.Aisy Rayyan still went ahead with it.
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Brazil Toucan
March 1959
[sub]Newauroria AFTERNOON[/sub]
v
|
Expedition Team Uncovers Massive Oil Reserve in Southern Part of Northwest Territories
In the remote and uncharted region of the southern Northwest Territories, a diverse team of explorers led by the visionary geologist Dr. Emma Thompson has achieved an extraordinary featan unprecedented discovery of a colossal oil reserve that could revolutionize Canada's energy landscape. This groundbreaking find reveals the presence of an estimated 100 billion to 120 billion barrels of oil, with the potential for even greater reserves yet to be uncovered.
The expedition team, comprised of geologists, engineers, and environmental experts, embarked on a daring mission to unlock the untapped energy resources hidden beneath the rugged and inhospitable terrain of the southern Northwest Territories. Equipped with cutting-edge technology and guided by comprehensive geological data, the team demonstrated unwavering determination as they ventured into uncharted territories.
Dr. Thompson, an eminent geologist renowned for her expertise and groundbreaking research in the field, led the team with remarkable vision and determination. Her presence at the helm of this exploration endeavor infused the team with an unyielding spirit and inspired them to push the boundaries of what was thought possible, ultimately leading to this remarkable discovery.
Months of intensive research, meticulous geological surveys, and advanced mapping techniques preceded the team's groundbreaking achievement. Guided by Dr. Thompson's expertise, the explorers meticulously analyzed seismic data, conducted drilling operations, and employed state-of-the-art imaging technology to gain deeper insights into the region's geology.
Amidst the vast and awe-inspiring landscapes, the team's efforts finally bore fruitan awe-inspiring breakthrough. As they ventured deeper into the uncharted territories, a moment of exhilaration occurredthe discovery of an extensive oil-bearing formation buried deep beneath the surface. The newfound reserve stretches across a vast expanse of the southern Northwest Territories, harboring immense potential for Canada's energy future. Initial estimates conservatively point to an astonishing 100 billion to 120 billion barrels of oil that can currently be accessed.
"The magnitude of this discovery is simply astounding," exclaimed Dr. Thompson, her voice filled with excitement. "We've unveiled an untapped treasure trove of resources that could have far-reaching implications for Canada's energy security and economic growth."
The news of the discovery spread quickly, and the team found themselves at the center of attention, receiving praise and recognition for their groundbreaking achievement. Reporters and industry experts flocked to the expedition site, eager to hear firsthand accounts of the exploration and the implications of such a massive oil reserve.
Dr. Thompson, humble and composed amidst the media frenzy, emphasized the importance of responsible resource management and environmental stewardship. "While this discovery brings immense economic potential, we must ensure that we prioritize sustainable development and protect the natural environment," she remarked during a press conference. "Our team is committed to employing best practices and cutting-edge technologies to minimize any potential negative impacts on the region."
The expedition team understood the significance of their discovery and its potential to transform Canada's energy landscape. They recognized the need for careful planning, collaboration, and responsible development to ensure long-term benefits for both the nation and the environment.
Over the following weeks, the team worked diligently to establish partnerships and foster collaborations with government agencies, industry stakeholders, and local communities. They held community consultations, engaging in open dialogues to address concerns, gather local knowledge, and build mutual trust. The goal was to ensure that the development of the newfound oil reserve would not only bring economic prosperity but also respect the rights and values of the indigenous communities and protect the pristine natural beauty of the region.
The exploration team's dedication to environmental preservation extended beyond mere promises. They actively sought advice from leading environmental scientists and experts to devise comprehensive plans for minimizing the ecological footprint of extraction operations. They were committed to implementing innovative technologies that would reduce carbon emissions, prevent oil spills, and protect wildlife habitats.
As the excitement around the discovery continued to grow, the team became a symbol of hope and progress for the nation. Government officials recognized the potential economic benefits and began discussions on strategies for maximizing the value of the reserve while ensuring sustainable development practices.
The groundbreaking discovery of a massive oil reserve in the southern part of the Northwest Territories marked a pivotal moment in Canada's energy landscape. The estimated 100 billion to 120 billion barrels of oil, and the potential for even greater reserves, open up promising prospects for energy security, economic growth, and reduced dependence on foreign oil sources. Guided by the exceptional leadership of Dr. Emma Thompson, this expedition team has ushered in a new era of exploration and production, laying the groundwork for a sustainable and prosperous future for Canada.
|
[spoiler=[sub]Economy[/sub]
OIL!
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paseo, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Maziya, Brazil Toucan
[list]March 1959
[sub]The Next Chancellor[/sub][/list]
[pre]D I E B U N D E S K A N Z L E R[/pre]
| Since the formal establishment of the Federal Republic of Germany, KONRAD ADENAUER of the center-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU) party has served as the country's Federal Chancellor. The official head of government, the Bundeskanzler is the most powerful man in the country, surpassing even the position of Federal President, which is largely ceremonial. The Federal Chancellor is usually selected from the leadership of the largest party able to form a majority government from the allocated seats in the Bundestag (German legislature), and possesses significant executive action powers and political influence. Konrad Adenauer was elected narrowly with a plurality of the vote in the 1949 federal elections. He would subsequently be re-elected by increasingly larger margins in the 1953 and 1957 federal elections. In each election, Adenauer's share of the vote grew, with the 1957 federal elections showing the CDU/CSU party coming at 49.7% - one seat short of a direct majority. |
| With Adenauer's presidential run seemingly cemented in stone and the Chancellor so far refusing efforts by some within his party to stay as Chancellor for longer, the race within the CDU/CSU is on to decide who will lead the party - and become the next Chancellor come July, when the presidential election will be held amongst the proportional members of the Federal Convention. The Christian Democratic Union party and its smaller regional affiliate, the Christian Social Union, has been largely unified around Adenauer. Party division was rare, except over cases where moderates clashed with religious Catholics and Christians over social issues, like the rights of marginalized groups. Top contenders for the position of CDU/CSU chairman, and thus the Chancellery, would be: |
[list][pre]- LUDWIG ERHARD, Federal Minister for Economy
- KURT GEORG KIESINGER, Former Bundestag Deputy and Minister-President of Baden-Wurttemberg
- FRANZ JOSEF STRAUSS, Federal Minister for Defense
- EUGEN GERSTENMAIER, President of the Bundestag
- KAI-UWE VON HASSEL, Minister-President of Schelswig-Holstein
- ERNST BENDA, Bundestag Deputy and Chairman of the Bundestag Committee on Justice
- HEINRICH LUBKE, Federal Minister for Food, Agriculture and Forestry
- HILDEGARD BLEYLER, Bundestag Deputy and Vice-Chairwoman of the Bundestag Women's Caucus[/pre][/list]
| The Christian Democrats had grown into what was practically the largest party in the country, followed shortly only by the SOCIAL DEMOCRATS under Erich Ollenhauer and Berlin's Willy Brandt. The top contenders, pundits and Bundestag deputies alike argued, were most likely ERHARD, KIESINGER, BENDA and GERNSTENMAIER, all of whom held considerable political influence within the party and across the country. Politically, KIESINGER and GERSTENMAIER were the most popular. Among the public, ERHARD had the strongest approval ratings thanks to his formative and crucial role in developing the German economy. Initial polling among the membership released showed Erhard and Kiesinger practically neck-to-neck, with Lubke and Gerstenmaier trailing in third and fourth respectively. |
[list][pre]INTERNAL PARTY POLLING - CDU/CSU CHANCELLOR
Erhard, Ludwig - 38%
Kiesinger, Kurt Georg - 37%
Lubke, Heinrich - 10%
Eugen Gerstenmaier - 8%
Bleyler, Hildegard - 4%
Strauss, Franz Josef - 2%
Benda, Ernst - 1%[/pre][/list]
| Indeed, the process of selecting a party leader was not one where the party membership would make the decision. It would be the 200-member large CDU/CSU party caucus in the Bundestag that would vote on a leader when Adenauer is, by law, required to step down as party leader to - inevitably - assume the presidency in July. But, nonetheless, analysts state, the influence of the public is nonetheless visible. Many voters would prefer Erhard and Kiesinger, which is an advantage for them as the decision made now will decide whether the CDU/CSU and her sister coalition partner, the FDP, will maintain their government come the 1961 federal elections, but the appeal of Heinrich Lubke (who appealed to farmers) and Gerstenmaier (to centrist voters and independents) were not deniable. |
| There would be no major public campaign to succeed Adenauer to the chancellorship. Instead, the "campaigning" would take place behind closed doors, in meetings with deputies and with influential party officials. Kiesinger would be identified as a strong player early on, presenting himself as a charismatic pragmatist who could stay the ship while presenting a "new vision" that would appeal to voters as the country prepared to enter the Sixties. Erhard held strong personal popularity thanks to his role in developing the German economy that many people now prospered in, but some within the party doubted his ability to carry the party to the absolute majority they were aiming for. Lubke held his own small group of supporters, arguing for their candidate as the sensible option. Surprisingly, there was a ring of supporters enthusiastic about supporting Bundestag MP Hildegard Bleyler's candidacy. Bleyler was a close friend of Annemarie Regner, the "Phoenix", SPD deputy, and chairwoman of the growing Bundestag Women's Caucus (Bleyler herself was vice-chairwoman of that caucus). The rise of women in political roles in Germany was evident, inspired by figures in Zaire and in other places, but they remained an enthusiastic minority against the status quo. |
| The question of who Adenauer himself would support remained unanswered - for obvious reasons. He had already made clear in the past that he would not involve himself in "party politics" should he 'survive to the point where I would see my successor elected'. Nonetheless, however, it was widely acknowledged that Erhard held the greatest favor from the Chancellor, having worked closely with him in various areas, but particularly on economic issues. Both had collaborated extremely closely to build the rapidly growing economy both now reaped the benefits from. But, of course, no endorsement or signature of support would be made. |
| As the months go by, and public perceptions change, so will the temperature of the race. Only the decision of 200 men and women will decide who will become the country's second-ever Federal Chancellor, and who will lead the governing majority into the 1961 federal elections - where many expect Ollenhauer to step down and allow the popular WILLY BRANDT to represent the party as their candidate for chancellor. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Paseo, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, Maziya, Brazil Toucan
Hello
Cascadla, Knights Empire, United States Of Americhe
Hi I'm new
Cascadla, Knights Empire, United States Of Americhe, Malinoi Islands
hello my dear friends how are you doing
Cascadla, Knights Empire
hello everyone
Cascadla, Newauroria
Name: Avro F/A-1 Canuck
Model: F/A-1A or Base Model
Type: Interceptor/Modified to be a ground Attacker
Manufacturer: A.V. Roe Canada (Avro Canada)
Development Time: 1946 - 1950
Production Start/End: 1950 - 1959
Numbers Produced: 700
Unit Price: $1M - $2M
Crew: 2
Flight Performance
Length: 16.46 m (54ft)
Wingspan: 15.2 m (49.87ft)
Height: 4.3 m (14.4ft)
Empty weight: 11,071.28 kg (24,407.99 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 18,695.72 kg (41,217.01 lb)
Max speed: Mach 0.85+ (1,048.04+ km/h 652.47+ mph)
Max altitude 13,700m (44947.51 ft)
Features
Combat flaps: Yes
Take-off flaps: Yes
Landing flaps: Yes
Air brakes: Yes
Arrestor gear: No
Drogue chute: Yes
Avionics
IFF system: Yes
Fire control system: Yes
Radar: Yes
Radio compass for navigation: Yes
Radio for communications: Yes
Survivability and armor
Flares/IRCM: None
IRWR: None
DIRCM: None
Chaff: None
RWR: None
TDS: None
Armaments
Ballistic Computer
- CCIP (Guns): No
- CCIP (Rockets): No
- CCIP (Bombs): No
- CCRP (Bombs): No
- Lead indicator: No
Offensive armaments
- 8 x HMG-M3
Suspended Armaments
Missiles
- IRAIM-1B Sidewinder Air To Air
- IRAIM-2B Velvet Glove Air To Air
- RDAIM-2 Sparrow Air To Air
Bombs
- GDB-250-A
- GDB-500-A
- GDB-750-A
- GDB-1000-A
- GDB-2000-A
Rockets
- GRT-1 Zuni
Veriants
F/A-1A1
+ New Orenda-Cyclone-M1 Engines
+ Increased Range
F/A-1A2
+ 4 x Oerlikon KCA 30mm Cannon
F/A-1B1
+ Strengthened Airframe
+ Strengthened Landing Gear
F/A-1B2
+ Permanent Flare And Chaff Dispenser
F/A-1C1
+ New Swept Wing
+ New Orenda-Tempest-M2B Afterburning Engines
F/A-1C2
+ New IRAIM-1C Sidewinder
+ New IRAIM-2C2 Velvet Glove
+ New RDAIM-2B Sparrow II
TF-1C2 (Training Veriant)
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, New Provenance, Brazil Toucan, Knights Empire
[list][pre]March, 1959 | Jackson Square on Queens Avenue, Khartoum, Khartoum Province, The Commonwealth Of Sudan[/pre]
MONARCHIST DEFEATED IN REPUBLICAN REFERENDUM[/list]
Jackson Square sits on the western side of Khartoum, serving as a very busy transportation hub for the citys bus, tram, and train networks, it is here where the Suburbs, the city center business, industry, and civil administrators would meet, and go through on their daily commutes to and from their jobs. However, today people gathered in the square in celebration. At the center of the square was the statue of British General Charles Gordon, which some people had mounted, chanting anti-monarchist slogans from atop the pedestal, police officers had seen the commotion out of this unauthorized protest, but there was nothing they could do other than keep the peace, for they knew this was a moment of victory for the people of Sudan. As the chanting grew louder, one protester had draped a white banner over Gordons statue that read in Arabic, Down Down British Crown.
The crowds celebrated the results of the 1959 Republican Referendum, which was held nationwide for the Sudanese people to determine the faith of Sudan within the coming decade. In the aftermath of the failed El-Daein Nationalist Insurrection, the downfall of Sudans disdained Nationalist Socialist Party made way for the resurgence of a popular movement, that had been prevalent in the country since the conclusion of the Great War with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. The Anti Monarchist movement that sought complete and total independence of Sudan from Britain and her Monarch had reached its full force on the eve of the 1958 elections, with many looking to the Democratic Unionist Party under Azheri and pro-Independence Parties to achieve and deliver this dream of a free state from the vestiges of a dying Empire and dwindling Monarchy.
With the Commonwealth Party falling behind to second place in the Election of 58, the Party led by the less confident Ali Bedri had found themselves surrounded by a Parliament filled with Republican-aligned Parties that all, regardless of ideology and political ambitions, disavowed the maintaining of the British Monarchy and the reign of Queen Elizabeth over Sudan and her people. It is for that reason that the Commonwealth Party had no longer maintained the necessary hold on the coalition and Parliament, which allowed them to shoot down any and most anti-monarchist bills and proposals introduced to Parliament before 1958.
But as the anti-monarchist revolution entered into full swing by the end of the New Years celebrations, the proposal for a Republican Referendum to be sent out to the Sudanese public was introduced to Parliament by the Democratic Unionist Party, to which it was received by an overwhelming vote of 127 Yays to 23 Nays with only about four commonwealth MPs breaking away from the party line, and remaining 23 Commonwealth Party MPs voting against the referendum. By mid-February, the 1959 Republican Referendum would be introduced to the Sudanese public in the form of a newly proposed law, allowing for voters to decide for this law by once again flooding the polling stations, Men and Women, Arab and African, White and Native, all voting to change the faith of their country by answering the decade long question.
[list]Proposed Law :| To establish a new Constitution that shall transform The Commonwealth of Sudan into a Republic, with the Queen as head of state and the Governor-General being replaced by an Office of the President appointed by a majority of the members of the National Parliament.
وضع دستور جديد يحول كومنولث السودان إلى جمهورية ، مع الملكة كرئيسة للدولة ، ويتم استبدال الحاكم العام بمكتب الرئيس المعين من قبل أغلبية أعضاء البرلمان القومي.
FOR: 5,101,082 (85%)
AGAINST: 923,818 (15%)
[/list]
The results were broadcasted nationwide on the first of March, just two weeks after tallying the votes, crowds in Khartoum and outer cities throughout Sudan had busted in celebration, anti-monarchist banners and slogans littered throughout the streets of the capital city, and many chanted Down Down with the British Crown!, raising the voice of the Republican movement and its goals that seeks to abolish the British monarch as Sudans head of state, and abolish the notion of monarchy over Sudan by the establishment of a Republic over it.
Prime Minister Azheri and the DUP had claimed a victory for the Sudanese people, calling it the dawn of a new nation to emerge from the shadows of its past. The Sudanese Parliament had approved and passed the Referendum as Law, meaning that Sudan must once again hold a convention for the establishment of a new constitution, that would usher in the New Republic, just 9 years after it had convened and established the commonwealth constitution of 1950, which served as the ultimate legal document for the new independent Sudanese state, and now by the popular will of the Sudanese people, a constitutional convention had been approved for June of this year, which would then set a date for when Sudan, ultimately and finally, dissolves the status of Elizabeth Regina the Second, as the monarch, sovereign, and head of state, over the Sudanese people.
[list]GOD SAVE THE QUEEN?
AL-NASRU LENA!
AL-NASRU LE SUDAN![/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paseo, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Brazil Toucan, Newauroria
Link of my factbook if you want to read it
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1886120
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Newauroria
TREATY OF TEPELENË SIGNED WITH EPIRUS, REUNITING EPIRUS WITH ALBANIA
March 1959
As a result of a lengthy uphill battle to sign a deal on entrance into the EC, which had failed and lately appeared to become less and less likely, the Republic of Epirus had been offered immense and wide reaching benefits and caveats to rejoin with Yugoslavia. While at first the Epirote delegation was weary towards the proposal, a week-long summit at Tepelenë outlined the various benefits they would receive, and the outlook became more and more favorable until it was agreed to sign an initial treaty then and there. Some of the outlying topics of the Treaty were as follows :
[list]- Epirus in the context of its current borders becomes a Special Economic Zone where tax rates and subsidies are frozen at their current level and foreign investments which had been made into the region during its time as an independent state would remain unharmed. If said foreign firms no longer wished to do business with it however, Yugoslavia would purchase the premises of these Locations at fair market prices. This means Epirus shall be the only place in the Confederation where ownership does not meet state ownership quotas (Retail, construction etc. being 80% state owned).
- In terms of Administration Epirus rejoins with both Albanian regions, with all three reuniting into a larger Albanian Peoples Republic under the Confederation.
- The current Manpower of the Epirote Defense Force will receive full inflation-linked pensions as of the signing of the treaty regardless of age, as a symbol of appreciation for their service.
- Epirote Farmers, formerly having to pay Epirote tax rates shall rejoin the Yugoslav Tax-market which dictates farmers pay 0% taxes (its a bit more complicated however in essence taxes on foodstuffs are raised in retail shops and not directly from farmers).
- Existing Epirote Building Programs vis-à-vis Housing will continue unhindered until the end of the tax year, at which point they will be absorbed into the National Housing Initiative
- Epirote Fishermen shall receive a one time pension consisting of an amount equal to 30 years of work on their current annual salaries (total fishermen only amounting to around 3,000 hence economically viable) and in exchange fishing shall be absorbed entirely into the greater Yugoslav Fishing Industry (state owned). This means Epirote Fishermen can either retire or continue to work but no longer for themselves.
- The Infrastructure modernization plan (electrified Trains) shall be expanded to Epirus without delay
- Epirote and Foreign nationals living within Epirus will receive a 12 month buffer period, in which they can legally emigrate to the west (or any other location) without the usual requirements (as long as they meet the requirements of said foreign nation). In the event emigration is chosen the Yugoslav Confederation shall purchase their property at 120% the normal market rate for reuse by the State Housing sector.
- ALL existing Epirote Brands shall be retained and none be absorbed into Yugoslav national brands, unless specifically chosen by its owners. This is to retain a moderate degree of differentiation in terms of distinct and in some cases beloved national brands.
[/list]
Arcanda, Paseo, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Saudi Arabiyah, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan, Knights Empire, Newauroria
[pre]| DECEMBER ДЕКАБРЬ 1957 |[/pre]
[list][list][list][pre]USSR ★ UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS
Союз Советских Социалистических Республик CCCP |[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
THE END OF LYSENKOISM :
TROFIM LYSENKO THE TERROR LEFTOVER FROM STALIN!
КОНЕЦ ЛЫСЕНКОИЗМА:
ТРОФИМ ЛЫСЕНКО ТЕРРОР, ОСТАВШИЙСЯ ОТ СТАЛИНА!
[pre]| Trofim Lysenko, a merchant of death for the biology and Agronomy science communities of the Soviet Union. Under the Stalin Regime Lysenko was permitted to become Director of the Institute of Genetics inside of the Academy of Sciences. Lysenko himself was a man as callous and paranoid as Stalin, he saw to it that all dissenting scientific opinion was silenced, either by the pen or by the bullet. As the Stalinist Old Guard began to slowly be replaced by the New Khrushchevites, Lysenko would feel a unique calm as he and Khrushchev had a decent relationship with each other through the Stalin era. |[/pre]
THE LETTER OF THREE-HUNDRED | ПИСЬМО ТРЕХСОТ
[pre]| During an average Meeting of the Central Committee on October 11th a twenty two page memorandum signed by 300 Soviet Scientists would be placed on the desk of Khrushchev. An aid would read the letter to the central committee, the gray faces of the committee told it all. A shamed Khrushchev, realizing his support for Lysenko was founded in naivety and ignorance, would stand up from his chair and address the room. The letter has reshaped Khrushchev's mind. If three hundred would risk their jobs and lives to ensure the Union would not be terrorized by the ravings of a slightly deranged man such as Lysenko, this could not be swept under the rug by the central committee. Khrushchev would announce the immediate resignation of Trofim Lysenko from his position of head of the Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences {VASKhNIL}. |[/pre]
LYSENKO SENTENCED TO HOUSE ARREST IN SIBERIA | ЛЫСЕНКО ПРИГОВОРЕН К ДОМАШНЕМУ АРЕСТУ В СИБИРИ
[pre]| In December, Soviet Authorities arrested Lysenko as he was en route to Khrushchev to discuss his reappointment to head of VASKhNIL. He would be charged with counter-revolutionary agitation and treason for his roles in disrupting Soviet agriculture and giving ammo for the west to mock the Union as stated in the Letter of Three Hundred. He would be provided an Apartment in Krasnoyarsk to serve 10 years under house arrest and forbidden from working in Soviet academics and agricultural sectors. |[/pre]
[pre]Differing to IRL the Letter of 300 would be effective from reappointing Lysenko back to his original position in 1958[/pre]
[list][list][pre]WORKERS OF THE WORLD UNITE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]ТРУДЯЩИЕСЯ МИРА ОБЪЕДИНЯЙТЕСЬ![/pre][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paseo, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Maziya, Brazil Toucan
I AM
The new idustry um fish
Cascadla, Knights Empire
| BEDURU VILLAGE, NORTH-EAST ZAIRE |
[sub]4th of April, 1959[/sub]
| Standing by the gates of her farm, once famed and popular MARIE IZURU, would be on a look out as fast cars approached her property. In ragged clothes, she would be trying to make out who exactly is coming in those cars. Sent into banishment by Banza a few years before, she was only the former herself by now. Not only was she sent out, her whole family had to join too.
The cars would be getting closer and closer, when suddenly they stopped screeching right in front of her, making her move out of the way. Two large guards would leave the car, before opening the doors to the black vehicle. Stepping out of the car, with a white dress on her was CELINE MERKAZI, the current First Representative of Zaire who has just won the elections.
Izuru would look her up and down in complete shock. Merkazi would approach the gates, gesturing the guards to stay behind. After a moment of exchanged looks, that could kill with their cold energies, Izuru would open the gates allowing Merkazi through. She would shut the gates harshly before making her way after Merkazi and into the poor house.
The state of the house was tear worthy. Merkazi would look around for a moment, as Izuru gestured her to take a seat on a wooden chair as she herself sat down. |
[list][ MARIE ]: "I'd offer you something to drink but I'm out. I don't get new products delivered till Saturday."[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "It's fine, I am not much bothered."[/list]
[list][ MARIE ]: "Good. Now that we have the façade of pleasantries over, what do you want?"[/list]
| Celine would glance at Marie with a hard gaze. |
[list][ CELINE ]: "Names."[/list]
[list][ MARIE ]: "Names?"[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "Yes. Names. Names of those that orchestrated the assassination attempt against Banza."[/list]
| Marie would be taken aback, shocked by the realisation that Merkazi knew. |
[list][ CELINE ]: "I read the files. My first prerogative when I took power."[/list]
[list][ MARIE ]: "Those names would cause me death. Forget it."[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "Death...or maybe liberation."[/list]
| Marie and Celine would glance at each other. |
[list][ MARIE ]: "Why on earth do you need such information?"[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "Because...I'm not going to lie to you---"[/list]
[list][ MARIE ]: "Then don't."[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "Listen, you give me the names, you can count yourself free and liberated to return to the country and politics."[/list]
[list][ MARIE ]: "Nonsense. Utter nonsense. You're not Banza to be making such decisions."[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "Yet..."[/list]
| Marie would stare at Celine for a moment. |
[list][ MARIE ]: "You want to kill her."[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "I don't think that should concern you. But I won't repeat myself, you give me the right names, I'll give you liberation."[/list]
[list][ MARIE ]: "And how do I have that guaranteed?"[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "My word. Which is better than what is really coming for you."[/list]
[list][ MARIE ]: "Which is what?"[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "Death. Banza wants to remove you, once and for all."[/list]
[list][ MARIE ]: "She wouldn't dare."[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "But Uladi would. He's been around her for a long time now."[/list]
[list][ MARIE ]: "But...but killing me would...would..."[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "Would what? Everyone thinks you've chosen this life, and the whole thing would be a tragic accident. You'd be gone, Marie. Quickly."[/list]
| Marie would get up angrily. |
[list][ MARIE ]: "And what?! You, you out of all people can save me?! I don't think!"[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "I'm your only chance. You give me the names, she's gone, he's gone and you come back. It cannot get any simpler than that. The consequences of not doing so are...well, rather deadly."[/list]
| Marie would look at Celine for a moment. She would grab a pencil and a piece of mellowed paper and write two names down. |
[list][ CELINE ]: "Who are they?"[/list]
[list][ MARIE ]: "Your best option. To this day, the services weren't able to trace them. They can do the job."[/list]
| Celine would look at the names before nodding slightly and getting up, only to find Marie in her face. |
[list][ MARIE ]: "But you have to get me out of here, right afterwards. You understand?"[/list]
[list][ CELINE ]: "Of course, Marie. Just like I promised. Thank you, Marie. I'll see you on the other side soon enough."[/list]
| Marie would nod but before she had the chance to escort Celine to the door, Celine would smile. |
[list][ CELINE ]: "It's fine, I'll find the door."[/list]
| Celine would laugh as she walked out, with Marie smiling slightly. Suddenly, the door from the outside would find itself locked by the large bench that was outside. Marie would rush to the window to see Celine talk to the four men outside. |
[list][ CELINE ]: "Burn it."[/list]
| Celine would walk off to the car as the men lit up a fire around the house, with Marie stuck inside. Celine would take one more look before getting into the car and rushing off as the house suddenly caught fire and stood in flames with the cars driving off into the distance. |
[spoiler=The Devil & I - Zairean Saga - Part II ]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Brazil Toucan
| WORLDVISION SONG CONTEST - 1958 |
[sub]14th June 1958[/sub]
[sub]LJUBLJANA, SLOVENIA[/sub]
| The Worldvision Song Contest has once again returned to Slovenia following their victory in the 1957 edition hosted in La Plata. This year's contest is being hosted in the beautiful capital city of Ljubljana, an medieval city that plays host to being one of Slovenias most known cultural and economic centres. A theme that is prevalent to this year's contest is the concept of home-grown, with almost all sound and electronic equipment being built by Iskra in the town of Kram not too far from the host city. Once again the contest would be broadcast across the globe on radio stations, television sets, and in some countries a select number of cinemas! |
[list]| Let the Worldvision Song Contest 1958 begin! |
[list][ WORLDVISION SONG CONTEST OFFICAL RESULTS: ]
1st Place - LA PLATA with 179 Points!
2nd Place - ETHIOPIA with 156 Points!
3rd Place - ROMANIA with 133 Points!
4th Place - BRAZIL with 112 Points!
5th Place - CANADA with 108 Points!
6th Place - SCANDINAVIA with 98 Points!
7th Place - ZAIRE with 97 Points!
8th Place - SPAIN with 82 Points!
9th Place - REPUBLIC OF CHINA with 76 Points!
10th Place - MEXICO with 73 Points!
11th Place - INDIA with 65 Points!
12th Place - MALAYSIA with 52 Points!
13th Place - SOUTH AFRICA with 32 Points!
14th Place - KOREA with 30 Points!
15th Place - IRAN with 28 Points!
16th Place - ISRAEL with 15 Points!
17th Place - UNITED STATES with 14 Points!
18th Place - UNITED KINGDOM with 12 Points!
19th Place - GREECE with 10 Points!
20th Place - USSR with 6 Points!
21st Place - FRANCE with 5 Points!
22nd Place - GERMANY with 4 Points!
23rd Place - SLOVENIA with 2 Points!
24th Place - YUGOSLAVIA with 1 Points!
25th Place - JAPAN with 1 Points!
26th Place - BENELUX with 1 Points![/list][/list]
| The winner of the Worldvision Song Contest 1958 is, Luis Aguilé with his song De Azul Pintado De Azul it marks the second time in three years in which La Plata has won the Worldvision Song Contest. A nation originally reluctant to debut, the contest seems to have taken warmly to them and their music! The Worldvision Committee will once again be reaching out to the La Platan delegation to begin the planning for next year's contest! |
| This year's contest has not come without its controversies, something that seems to have become a running theme in recent years. During the voting sequence by the national juries it was quickly spotted that the Yugoslavian flag used was the original three striped flag used by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1918 and 1941 rather than the current flag which has a red star in the middle. The five countries that finished in the bottom five, and thus relegated for a year, came as quite a shock. Yugoslavia and Slovenia were both relegated as well as Japan, Germany and the Benelux, much to the booing of those inside the theatre. A contest without such powerhouses might change up the results quite dramatically! |
[spoiler="A contest that unites."]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Arcanda, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Greater Kurdistane, Brazil Toucan
Hi I just joined
Cascadla, Knights Empire
I dont posting duong van Minh and boykisser, that not make sense but yep :v
Where is duong van Minh doing ?
How to revived south Vietnam ?
yut??
April 1959
[sub]Newauroria AFTERNOON[/sub]
v
|
Avro Arrow Joins Royal Canadian Air Force, Celebrated at Air Show
In a momentous occasion that marks a new chapter in Canadian aviation history, the Avro Arrow, Canada's state-of-the-art supersonic interceptor aircraft, has officially joined the ranks of the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). The historic event took place during a captivating air show held in April 1959, showcasing the exceptional capabilities of this ground breaking aircraft and solidifying Canada's position as a leader in aviation technology.
The air show, held at a prominent airbase, buzzed with anticipation as aviation enthusiasts and dignitaries from around the world gathered to witness the official integration of the Avro Arrow into the RCAF. Against the backdrop of clear blue skies, the sleek and formidable Arrow stood proudly on the tarmac, its distinctive design capturing the imagination of all who beheld it.
The air show commenced with a breath taking display by the RCAF's renowned aerobatic team, the Golden Centennaires, who took to the skies in their AF-1C Canucks, thrilling the audience with their precision and skill. As the crowd marvelled at the aerobatic manoeuvres performed by the Golden Centennaires, the atmosphere was electrified with excitement and anticipation for the main eventthe official induction of the Avro Arrow into the RCAF.
Amidst the thunderous applause, military personnel in their resplendent uniforms stood alongside Avro Canada engineers and technicians, united in celebration of this ground breaking achievement. The distinguished guests, including government officials and military commanders, took their places on the grandstand, eager to witness the historic moment.
A ceremonial procession began, led by Air Marshal Hugh Campbell McLeod, the esteemed commander of the RCAF. He was joined by Avro Canada's Chief Test Pilot, Janusz Żurakowski, a true aviation legend who had played a pivotal role in the development and testing of the Arrow.
With precision and grace, the Avro Arrow taxied onto the runway, its powerful engines emitting a low, resonating hum that sent a ripple of excitement through the crowd. The gleaming silver aircraft, adorned with the iconic RCAF roundel, stood as a testament to Canada's technological prowess and a symbol of national pride.
As Air Marshal McLeod addressed the audience, his voice resonated with pride and admiration for the remarkable achievements of the Avro Arrow program. He highlighted the extraordinary engineering feats and the unparalleled speed, agility, and range of the aircraft, which would significantly enhance Canada's defence capabilities.
"Today, we witness the merging of innovation and excellence as we officially welcome the Avro Arrow into the Royal Canadian Air Force," Air Marshal McLeod declared, his words met with resounding applause. "This advanced interceptor aircraft embodies the pinnacle of Canadian aviation technology, and its integration into our fleet represents a significant leap forward in our nation's defence capabilities."
Janusz Żurakowski, standing beside Air Marshal McLeod, expressed his gratitude to the dedicated team of engineers, technicians, and test pilots who had worked tirelessly to bring the Avro Arrow to fruition. "It is an honor to have been part of this remarkable endeavor," he proclaimed. "The Avro Arrow stands as a testament to the skill, ingenuity, and unwavering dedication of the Avro Canada team."
Following the speeches, the moment everyone had been eagerly awaiting arrivedthe official signing of the documentation that solidified the Avro Arrow's inclusion in the RCAF fleet. Air Marshal McLeod and Janusz Żurakowski stepped forward, pen in hand, and affixed their signatures to the historic document, signifying the seamless integration of the Arrow into the RCAF's formidable arsenal.
With the official induction complete, the Avro Arrow taxied back onto the runway, preparing for a triumphant flight that would captivate the audience and further demonstrate its unparalleled capabilities. As the aircraft soared into the sky, a deafening cheer erupted, mingled with the roaring sound of its engines. The Golden Centennaires joined the Arrow in formation, creating a spectacle that would be etched in the memories of all who witnessed it.
The Avro Arrow's integration into the RCAF marked a defining moment in Canadian aviation, showcasing the nation's commitment to innovation, national security, and technological advancement. The induction ceremony, set against the backdrop of the exhilarating air show and accompanied by the extraordinary performances of the Golden Centennaires, served as a testament to the skill, expertise, and unwavering dedication of the men and women who had made this achievement possible.
As the Avro Arrow roared through the skies, leaving behind a trail of pride and inspiration, it symbolized Canada's resolve to push the boundaries of aviation and stand at the forefront of aerospace technology. The legacy of the Avro Arrow, Air Marshal Hugh Campbell McLeod, Janusz Żurakowski, and the entire Avro Canada team would forever be celebrated as a shining example of Canadian excellence in the world of aviation.
|
|
General Specs of Avro Arrow
Name: Avro F-2 Arrow
Model: F-2A or Base Model
Type: Interceptor
Manufacturer: A.V. Roe Canada (Avro Canada)
Development Time: 1953 - 1958
Production Start/End: 1958 -
Numbers Produced: 600
Unit Price: $2.5M
Crew: 2
Flight Performance
Length: 23.70 m (77.76 ft)
Wingspan: 15.24 m (50ft)
Height: 6.4 m (21ft)
Empty weight: 22,244 kg (49,040 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 31,119 kg (68,605 lb)
Max speed: Mach 2+ (2469.6+ km/h 1534.54+ mph)
Max altitude 16,000m (53,000 ft)
Features
Combat flaps: Yes
Take-off flaps: Yes
Landing flaps: Yes
Air brakes: Yes
Arrestor gear: No
Drogue chute: Yes
Avionics
IFF system: Yes
Fire control system: Yes
Radar: Yes
Radio compass for navigation: Yes
Radio for communications: Yes
Survivability and armor
Flares/IRCM: None
IRWR: None
DIRCM: None
Chaff: None
RWR: None
TDS: None
Armaments
Ballistic Computer
- CCIP (Guns): Yes
- CCIP (Rockets): No
- CCIP (Bombs): No
- CCRP (Bombs): No
- Lead indicator: Yes
Offensive armaments
4 x Oerlikon KCA 30mm
Suspended Armaments
Missiles
- IRAIM-1C Sidewinder Air To Air
- IRAIM-2C Velvet Glove Air To Air
- RDAIM-1D Falcon Air To Air
- RDAIM-2B Sparrow II Air To Air
Bombs: None
Rockets: None
Veriants
F-2A1
+ Permanent Flare And Chaff Dispenser
+ RWR Sensor
F-2A2
+ New Orenda-Tempest-M2C Engines
+ New Top Speed Of Mach 2.64+
F-2B1
+ New System For Internal Weapons Bay
Increases Missile Capacity From 4 to 6-8
F-2B2
+ IRAIM-1D Sidewinder Air To Air
+ IRAIM-2D Velvet Glove Air To Air
+ RDAIM-2D Sparrow II Air To Air
+ RDAIM-3B Velvet Kiss Air To Air
|
[spoiler=[sub]Military[/sub]
The Rise of a Arrow
]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Brazil Toucan
Name: Canadair C-1 Yukon
Model: C-1A or Base model
Type: Cargo/Transport Aircraft
Manufacturer: Canadair - Apex Systems Air Division
Development Time: 1956 - 1958
Production Start/End: 1959 - 1964
Numbers Produced: 326
Unit Price: $500k
Crew: 4 - 6
Passengers: 160
Flight Performance
Length: 41,73 m (136.91 ft ft)
Wingspan: 43.37 m (142.29 ft)
Height: 11.18 m (38 ft)
Empty weight: 40,348 kg (88,952 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 95,000 kg (210,000 lb)
Max speed: 670 km/h (416.32 mi mph)
Max altitude 9,100 m (29855.64 ft)
Powerplant: 4x Orion-Fury-M1
Propellers: 4-bladed variable pitch propellers
Features
Combat flaps: No
Take-off flaps: Yes
Landing flaps: Yes
Air brakes: No
Arrestor gear: No
Drogue chute: No
Avionics
IFF system: Yes
Fire control system: No
Radar: Yes
Radio compass for navigation: Yes
Radio for communications: Yes
Survivability and armor
Flares/IRCM: None
DIRCM: None
IRWR: None
Chaff: None
RWR: None
TDS: None
Veriants
C-1B: Featuring a new terrain all weather radar.
C-1B2: Addition of new Orion-Fury-M1A1 Increasing fuel economy and increasing the range of the aircraft.
PC-1B2: Patrol Craft Veriant
EC-1B2: AWACS Veriant
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Ranponian, Saudi Arabiyah, Nileia, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Brazil Toucan
If you endorse me, Ill pay equal price
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Written by Refuge Isle.