Post Archive
Region: Commonwealth of Liberty
[list][list]SHOWA 41 | JUNE 1966[/list]
[list][list]大統領官邸
[pre]PREDSEDNIŠKA PALAČA[/pre][/list][/list]
[pre] H I N O M O T O N O K U N I [/pre]
[list][list][sub][pre] オー・スネイル 富士山に登ろう でも、ゆっくり、ゆっくり
O Snail; Climb Mount Fuji But slowly, slowly![/pre][/sub][/list][/list]
PRESS CONFERENCE
[sub]TOKYO, TOKYO BAY, Nippon-Nihon — AFTERNOON[/sub]
| In front of journalists and Cabinet members, Prime Minister EISAKU SATO announced that he would make another trip, this time to one of the NATO member states, Slovenia. A tall Japanese man in his 30s, AKIO SHIMIZU, walked among the journalists carrying a briefcase full of state documents. AKIO, a diplomat and fluent in Slovene, will be the Prime MinisterÂ’s interpreter and responsible for conducting negotiations between the two countries. He will therefore be the second most important man on this trip, after the Prime Minister. |
[list]| AKIO SHIMIZU, [sub]INTERPRETER[/sub] | “Here are the documents you requested, Mr. Prime Minister.”[/list]
[list][list]これがあなたが要求した資料です、首相[/list][/list]
| SATO got up from his chair to greet him and sat down again. The Japanese government will invite Toyota officials to the meeting to negotiate with Slovene officials to build Toyota factories in Ljubljana. Japan also intends to increase exports of other products to Slovenia. |
[list]| EISAKU SATO, [sub]THE PRIME MINISTER[/sub] | “The government will provide a 50% scholarship for lower-class Slovene students to study in Japan.”[/list]
[list][list]政府は、日本で学ぶスロベニアの下層階級の学生に50%の奨学金を提供する予定です。[/list][/list]
| AKIO gets up from his chair and tells the Prime Minister that he needs to hurry. |
[list]| EISAKU SATO, [sub]THE PRIME MINISTER[/sub] | “We need to end this press conference, I need to go to the airport.”[/list]
[list][list]この記者会見を終わらせなければならないので、空港に行かなければなりません。[/list][/list]
| At Tokyo airport, the Prime Minister was greeted by left-wing anti-NATO citizens and police rushed to contain the protesters. As there were few police officers, they were unable to deal with the protesters, SATOÂ’s well-armed security guards drew their weapons, and the angry citizens retreated. SATO ran up the stairs and got on the plane. A few hours later, the plane finally landed at Ljubljana Airport, the first to get off the plane was SATOÂ’s interpreter, Mr. SHIMIZU, followed by the Prime Minister. The Japanese leader received a warm welcome from Slovene President BOZHIDAR JAKAC and other Slovene government officials. At SloveniaÂ’s Presidential Palace, SATO and the Japanese delegation posed for some photos. SATO extended his hand to President JAKAC in front of the journalists. Japan is fully committed to building a prosperous path with Slovenia. |
Paseo, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list]
апрель
1 9 6 6
[list]
[sub]UZBEK SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC
Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси[/sub][/list][/list]
| TASHKNET EARTHQUAKE CAUSES SHOCKWAVES IN LEADERSHIP AND SOCIETY |
[list][sub][sup]Tashkent, Uzbek SSR[/sub][/sup]
[list][sub]| It was at the early crack of dawn, that the Uzbek S.S.R faced an unprecedented event that it has never faced before. The once quiet metropolis, ancient and grand in its scale, faced immediate ruin as an earthquake destroyed many of its infrastructure and left 300,000 of its 1,500,000 inhabitants homeless and displaced. As the sun rose, the true extend of the destruction became clear, monuments to the city's past that stood as symbols of the Uzbek culture which has prevailed through invasions and subjugation soon became nothing more than just broken stones on the street. To make matters worse, the Uzbek Communist Party, engulfed in its factional pettyness, failed to act in time to contain the situation as fast as possible, leading to large-scale criticism not experienced historically. |[/sub]
[sub]| The earthquake, registering 5.1 on the Richter scale, was one of the most devastating urban earthquakes in recent memory for the Soviet Union, and has caused the most amount of damage of any recent ecological disaster in the region. To make matters worse, it was soon leaked that there were concerns and a possible detection of the earthquake in recent years, but the current Uzbek leadership choose to ignore. This all has prompted a breakdown in the relationship of trust between the Party and the people. |[/sub]
[sub]| Amid the ruins, the human cost has made itself clear. 95,000 homes damaged or destroyed, thousands of people displaced and made homeless, dozens possibly facing a dangerous situation. In this time of crisis, the citizens of Tashkent displayed their collective spirit in quickly helping those in need and engaging in any possible attempts at alleviating the situation when the government failed. Eventually as most proper services came back in order, rescue operations were mounted and a massive effort of mobilization was conducted to attempt to rescue the situation.. |[/sub]
[sub]| With failure to preform their expected duty, and heavy pressure from higher authorities for consequences, several members of the politburo of the Uzbek Communist Party offered their resignation, including first-secretary Rafiq Nishonov. This has brought the unexpected resurgence of Sharif Rashidov. Rashidov had spent the past two years in exile as a regional secretary, where he quietly built a power base of loyal technocrats from the regional administrations, which so happened to include recently appointed premier Seit Tairov. |[/sub]
[sub]| Rashidov's alliances and intrigue in the past two years allowed him to easily gain a consensus vote to return to the position as an 'experienced' leader and the full rehabilitation of his image. Rashidov proceeded to quickly lead from the front the mobilization effort, as he spent most of the day in Tashkent overseeing the rescue efforts. He was later joined by Kosygin and First-Secretary Khrushchev which aimed at both legitimizing his new rule and the importance of the Uzbek SSR|[/sub]
Spainard, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Establish the Yemeni Police
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
[list][sup]Republic Palace, Sanaa, Yemen Arab Republic
4 June 1966[/list][/sup]
[sup]Yesterday, the Mission of officers that was sent to Lebanon arrived to obtain a training at the Police Academy in Beirut. The Mission consisting of 30 officers and non-commissioned officers, received training for two years and returned to be the nucleus for establishing the Yemeni police. They were received by President Lieutenant General Hassan Al-Zaidi at the Republic Palace, where he welcomed them and spoke. Talk to them about what they studied and their ideas for establishing a police force.[/sup]
--------------------
[sup]Today, President Al-Zaidi issued a presidential decision to establish the Yemeni Police, to be affiliated with the Minister of Security, Colonel Ali Al-Mahdi, and to be divided in principle into four departments: the Sanaa Police Department, the Taiz Police Department, the Al-Hudaydah Police Department, and the Outback Police Department, which will include smaller departments according to administrative divisions for the governorates, the police will consist of soldiers and officers from the Internal Security Department and the army, in addition to officers trained in Lebanon, and the Police College in Taiz (formerly Police School) will be operated by officers trained in Lebanon to train new groups of police officers, For provided that the tasks include The police in future: customs, passports, port security, civil defense, and the prison administration.[/sup]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Ecevit at the helm and whatÂ’s next
May, 1966
There was little time for fanfare or ceremony for TurkeyÂ’s newly elected President. Bülent Ecevit, İsmet Inönü’s protegé and ‘heirÂ’ had been elected President of a nation in crisis and the chairman of a divided political party. Before Ecevit laid a monumental task that extended beyond the economy, and delved deep into growing socioeconomic and international issues facing the country. Even Ecevit couldnÂ’t deny that the nation was heading down a dark path. A moribund economy, a weak foreign policy, an unstable social climate and a chaotic political one. The end of an era had brought with it both opportunity and possible failure.
The PresidentÂ’s first priority was the formation of a new government. For all intents and purposes, the President of the Republic was the most powerful figure in Turkish politics, though that wasnÂ’t entirely true. The constitution mandated the appointment of a Prime Minister to carry out the day-to-day tasks of the Turkish government. When Mustafa Kemal died, he intended for the President to carry out foreign policy, defense and national security, while the Prime Minister was entrusted with domestic policy. In reality, the President exerted quite a lot of influence on the premier, however, that wasnÂ’t always the case.
Inonu had been fairly respectful of this ‘division of powers’. He had focused his efforts on foreign policy, the military and the security of the state while the Prime Ministers he appointed handled the economy and any domestic issues. Initially, the arrangement worked out well and prevented political power from falling on the hands of a single man or office. Unfortunately, the policy also carried with it numerous weaknesses. Chief among them was the fact that the economy was entirely dependent on the policies of the chosen premier. There were times where the President himself disagreed with certain policies, yet Inonu rarely employed his right to veto laws.
InonuÂ’s efforts to keep the system stable had created a strange dynamic which divided executive power between two persons. Anyone who Ecevit appointed expected to be handed that much power. Power he was hesitant to give, considering the candidates.
The most obvious choice for the premiership was the Speaker of the Grand National Assembly, Nihat Erim. Erim was a Centrist and a pragmatist through and through, and would likely be fully open to carrying out most of EcevitÂ’s planned agenda. However, removing him from the Assembly could destabilize the CHPÂ’s powerful position in the legislature and its tight control over parliamentary rules. Next up was EcevitÂ’s fellow Reformist, Türkân Akyol. She was certainly capable and would be eager to implement many of his radical reforms, however, AkyolÂ’s more radical ideas would make her a problematic choice. She was already labeled a communist by some, and if she were to be appointed Prime Minister said accusations could grow and drag Ecevit down with her. Finally, there was Alparslan Turkeş, the Ultranationalist. Turkes was EcevitÂ’s least favorite option. He was a radical conservative, a nationalist and the least open to most, if not all of EcevitÂ’s reforms. Yet, he had gone out of his way to support Ecevit for the presidency while keeping the majority of his loyal followers within the CHP. In other words, he would be the best option if Ecevit wanted to appeal to a minor, yet significant part of the CHP.
TurkesÂ’ options were limited and Ecevit knew this well. However, he also knew the man wouldnÂ’t be pushed into accepting major concessions if it compromised his position within the party. He wouldnÂ’t accept anything less than a cabinet position and would likely not budge on the military, foreign policy or his views on Kemalism. While Ecevit sought to liberalize many of the social policies imposed by the late Mustafa Kemal, he knew very well that Turkes would be hesitant to accept even minor reforms, especially those concerning TurkeyÂ’s strict adherence laicism. On the economic front, he faced a similar conflict. Turkes believed in the free market and low state intervention in the economy, less power to trade unions, and deregulation. Nearly the polar opposite to Ecevit.
However, when the pair met at EcevitÂ’s house on a rainy evening in late April, the mood seemed more relaxed than what Ecevit had anticipated. Turkes, while not a beacon of pragmatism, appeared willing to compromise. He would yield on economic matters, including regulations and the market itself but would not budge on trade unions. Predictably, he was also unwilling to compromise on anything related to foreign affairs or the military. The Ultranationalist wanted more funding for the army, better focus on modernization and a strong stance on not only Kurdistan, but also the Soviet Union. While Turkes was more open to relations with TurkeyÂ’s immediate Black Sea communist neighbors, he would not accept any rapprochement efforts with the USSR. Finally, Turkes wanted a much more aggressive foreign policy including a strong stance on the Kurdish state and a powerful regional presence that would counter Egyptian, Syrian and Arabian influence in the Middle East.
After hashing out an agreement and discussing other minor points, the two men shook hands and shared dinner. The morning after, President Bulent Ecevit announced that Alparslan Turkeş would become the next Prime Minister of Turkey, succeeding Celal Bayar in the role. A government would be formed shortly after, with a combination of Centrists, Ultranationalists and Reformists in various government positions. Key members included: Reformist Turhan Akyol who would become the first woman to serve as Vice President and the Minister of Labor and Minister of Health and Social Security, Izet Gener, an academic and conservative ally to Turkes who would serve as Minister of the Interior, General Cemal Gursel, another ally to Turkes who would serve as Minister of National Defense, and finally Hasan Esat Isik a technocrat career diplomat and close confidant of Ecevit who would serve as Foreign Minister. Other cabinet positions would be distributed among the three CHP factions.
With the government formed and a cabinet assembled, Ecevit laid out his political agenda. At the forefront was economic reform, education reform and of course foreign policy. Ecevit intended to revitalize TurkeyÂ’s role in the international arena, and to reestablish the once strong Turkish influence upon the Levant and northern Africa. Said efforts would take time, something Ecevit was well aware of. However, before he could set off, Ecevit would need to settle matters closer to home. The Cyprus Question needed to be answered.
The announcement of a new government brought a new sense of stability to the nation. Many Turks had faith in “Inonu’s heir”, especially now that the political arena had so abruptly become polarized. However, not many were happy with Ecevit, particularly those who felt he was too left-wing to be President. Some on the extreme right, like members of the AP and the DP saw Ecevit as someone who was willing to not only compromise with communists, but also implement their ideas.
While a certain calm had fallen upon Turkey after the election, something else began to brew below the surface. For now, they were mere whispers in townhouse attics, bar corners, isolated farm houses and even the dingy corners of the barracks. Whispers of dissatisfaction, anger, hatred, and sometimes calls to action. Said voices are being heard loud and clear by those capable to act, but there they are willing or able remains to be seen.
Arcanda, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Greater Kurdistane, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list][list]𝟣𝟫𝟨𝟢-𝟣𝟫𝟨𝟤[/list][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]✰ DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO ✰
~ 🇹🇭🇪 🇨🇷🇪🇪🇵🇮🇳🇬 🇸🇹🇴🇷🇲 ~[/pre][/list][/list]
[sup][pre]In the aftermath of Congolese independence, the first wave of trouble struck with the instability of the new government. The CNM's dominance in the government led to tensions with other political parties, particularly those representing ethnic and regional interests. The CNM consisted of southern Congolese, and their political dominance was building resentment with the traditional power groups of the north, such as the Boa, Mongo, and Ngbandi people. As tensions escalated, protests and demonstrations erupted in the northern regions, demanding greater representation and a fairer distribution of power. The UDDIA capitalized on this discontent, promising to address the concerns of marginalized ethnic groups and advocating for a more inclusive government that respected regional interests in contrast to the centralization of the CNM. The CNM's prioritization of Congolese unification alienated many northerners who felt their voices were not being heard or their needs were not being met, as poverty was the norm for 90% of the population. This dogmatic attitude also influenced the country's foreign policy, causing immediate tension with neighboring Zaire, leading to increased hostility and potential conflict.[/pre][/sup]
[sup][pre]Fearing a loss of control, the CNM would enter an alliance with Antoine Gizenga and his PSA to counter the UDDIA in 1962. As a result, PSA members began taking up positions in the government, and Gizenga himself took on the role of Deputy Prime Minister. The reaction from western countries was negative, fueled by the fact that Gizenga had openly expressed his admiration for socialist ideologies and had received support from the Soviet Union. Western countries were concerned that the alliance between the CNM and PSA would lead to a shift in power dynamics and potentially destabilize the region further. Some more moderate members of the CNM would even resign over the affair. In May, the French embassy in Stanlyville began inviting UDDIA leadership for unknown reasons. The speculation eventually led the Ministry of the Interior to put out an arrest warrant for UDDIA party leader Hortense Ngoma on the charges of conspiracy against the government. The arrest sparked outcries from UDDIA and foreign condemnation abroad. President Cyrille Adoula would attempt to salvage the situation by releasing Ngoma. However, the damage was done, and the incident further strained the already tense relationship between the UDDIA and the government. The public outcry and international condemnation only intensified, leading to widespread protests and calls for Adoula's resignation. The political landscape in Stanlyville became increasingly volatile, with both sides engaging in a war of words and accusations. Adoula would attempt to mend relations with France and west by seeking their support and assistance in resolving the crisis. However, his efforts were met with skepticism and mistrust, as many believed that Adoula had mishandled the situation from the beginning.[/pre][/sup]
[sup][pre]Another faction that began to lose trust in Adoula was the military. The Force Publique created by the French in 1958 had evolved into the Armée Nationale Congolaise (ANC) after independence. Many hoped that independence would result in immediate promotions and material gains. But were soon disappointed by Prime Minister Joseph Iléo's slow pace of reform. The rank-and-file felt that the Congolese political class, particularly ministers in the new government, were enriching themselves while failing to improve the troops' situation. Matters only got worse when the CNM-PSA coalescence began, as the PSA would deliberately keep officers they suspected of disloyalty from advancing in rank. Things would spiral out of control with the appointment of an unpopular colonel, Victor Lundula, to a high post as the Commander-in-Chief of the ANC. Many within the armed forces viewed Lundula as nothing more than a political puppet of the CNM. In the city of Gemena, the capital city of Sud-Ubangi Province, Colonel Pakassa would initiate a mutiny on the 1st of September, 1962. The mutiny quickly spread to other regions, and soon enough, there were rumors of a military plot to overthrow the government in Stanlyville. The government took immediate measures to suppress the mutiny and maintain control over the armed forces. However, the attempts failed and forced the government to negotiate with the mutineers. Adoula would manage to convince the ring leaders of the mutiny to stand down, ending the 1st ANC mutiny on the 20th of September. The negotiations resulted in a temporary ceasefire, allowing the government to regain some control over the situation. Adoula's successful intervention not only brought an end to the mutiny but also prevented further escalation of violence.[/pre][/sup]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Arcanda, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Zingium
The Formation of the United Republic of Tanzania
April 26, 1964
Across Tanganyika and Zanzibar party members from the Afro-Shirazi Party, and Tanganyika African National Union celebrate the creation of the United Republic of Tanzania.
The Zanzibar Revolution of January 12, 1964
As both Tanganyika and Zanzibar gained their independence from the United Kingdom and the United Nations mandate, there was some discussion and desire among the African populations to unite into one nation. After all, Zanzibar was historically long connected to the Swahili Coast that Tanganyika encompassed. Unfortunately for advocates of unification in both countries, one man was standing in their way, the Sultan of Zanzibar, Jamshid bin Abdullah Al Said.
Zanzibar before the revolution had been a Sultanate ruled by the Omani, Al Said dynasty, since 1856. Over this time they had turned Zanzibar into a slaveholder stronghold, selling and participating in prolific amounts of slave trading. While Britain had abolished the practice when it took control of the colonial possessions, the practice still continued on informally.
Sultan Jamshid had formally denounced Tanganyika, stating he had no desire to have any close ties with any black African nation. To further prove his virulent racism and disdain for the majority black African population, Jamshid banned African nationalist political parties like the Umma Party of Zanzibar, and the Afro-Shirazi Party. In a short-sighted move, the Sultan fired all Black African police, and military in Zanzibar. This left a large unemployed, military-trained, and incredibly radicalized cadre of Black Africans.
These Africans would rally around two figures, John Okello a Ugandan-born freedom fighter, and Abeid Karume leader of the Afro-Shirza Party, who had recently been cheated out of elections by the Arab-dominated Zanzibar Nationalist Party.
The revolution happened swiftly lasting a full day. A small armed group led by Okello took over key armories and government buildings. By the end of the day, 80 police, mainly Zazibari Arabs lay dead, and Sultan Jamshid fled with the government from Zanzibar.
What happened next is often called the Zanzibar Genocide or Zanzibar Massacre. Crowds of enraged Africans, gorging themselves upon their victory descended into a cacophony of murder and vengeance. Former slaves hunted down old owners, debtees killed debtors, and in total, up to 20,000 Arabs died in the following days.
All known recordings of the event were destroyed, except from a film crew for Africa Addio who managed to capture some of the killings and subsequent mass graves.
Zanzibar Joins Tanganyika
The President of Zanzibar would be chosen with Abeid Karume taking the title unopposed. Karume solidified his position quickly, and Okello would be exiled back to Uganda. Any pro-Soviet politicians or those who were too popular were also purged.
Karume would not keep control over his new fiefdom for long, as in April 1964, he would approach Julius Nyerere. Both Nyerere and Karume would agree to unify their two nations, with Nyerere presenting the proposal to Parliament who passed it unanimously.
Nyerere became the President of Tanzania and Karume was named Vice President of Tanzania. His party the Afro-Shirazi Party maintained an unchallenged stranglehold over Zanzibar, while the mainland belonged to the TANU.
With the two states now united, the moderate Karume, would further back and strengthen the PresidentÂ’s path as he walked down an increasingly moderate line much to the chagrin of the radically socialist party, and hardline capitalist government.
Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria
-- COLONY OF SOUTHERN RHODESIA --
╾╾╾╾╾╾╾╾╾╾╾╾
𝕿𝖍𝖊 𝕽𝖍𝖔𝖉𝖊𝖘𝖎𝖆 𝖍𝖊𝖗𝖆𝖑𝖉
JANUARY 1966
|-| RHODESIAN GOVERNMENT BEGINS NEW ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT |-|
| In an effort to increase economic output in Rhodesia following UDI, the Department of Mines and Public Works has announced a new plan to sell unused government land to tobacco farmers, army officers, and small-to-medium business owners at a lowered price to help encourage larger engagement and contribution to agricultural output in the nation. Plans have been made to increase the mechanization and harvest of agriculture by contracting multiple businesses within Rhodesia to begin the production of tractors, farming tools, fences, and fertilizer.
| The Rhodesian government has acknowledged, however, that demands for materials and steel in particular, have risen, and with army reforms also consuming material, further investments must be made. In order to meet demands, the Rhodesian government has injected a gradual sum of around one billion (~1,000,000,000) into Queens Mine, Gaths Mine, Antelope Mine, and Alaska Mine. These mines will be receiving at least half of the allocated funds, 11 percent (11%) of which will go to improving infrastructure in linked mines.
| The Rhodesian government has stated that they expect the mines and contracts to bring great economic boosts to surrounding communities, which is where the other half of funding will go. Improving roads, transport, and other elements associated with helping the output of the mines is being done with the hope of increasing commerce between the states of Rhodesia. One of the key elements in doing this is the mining corporations which will be granted the funds to complete the work. The companies chosen to do so are the Rhodesian branch of the British South Africa Company (BSAC), Lomagundi Smelting and Mining Ltd (LSM), and Rhodesian Asbestos Co Ltd (RA). The Department of Mines and Public Works currently holds state ownership of some areas around the mine, which means that projects there will have to be carried out by the government and funded by an investment campaign.
| The government has expressed great confidence in the ability of the development plan to help the economy in an increasingly opinionated time. UDI, whilst popular, is still in its early stages, and public opinion needs to be positive if the Smith government plans to continue its work in creating an independent and Rhodesian Front-controlled Rhodesia, which luckily for Mr. Smith, seems to be the case. Doubt has been raised whether this is due to a generally happy population or the riding of an exciting and patriotic wave. Whether or not they deliver will be put to the test of time.
╾╾╾╾╾╾╾╾╾╾╾╾
Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium, Arstotzka Federation
★ UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC ★
[list][list][list][pre]
"Within the Arab circle there is a role wandering aimlessly in search of a hero.
For some reason it seems to me that this role is beckoning to us-to move, to
take up its lines, put on its costumes and give it life"
[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
_________________
[list][sub]SUCCESSION: PART 3[/sub]
[sub][sup] MAY 1966 - UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC[/sub][/sup]
[sub][pre]As had been approved by President Nasser in 1965, elections for the Supreme Executive Committee of the Arab Socialist Union, or just hte S.E.C, were held to coincide with May day, running from May 1st to May 5th. The elections were the first ever for the Arab Socialist Union, the only legal party in the U.A.R. Held to elect the composition of the S.E.C, an organ which is the highest decision-making entity in the party comparable to a Central Committee which is common in Soviet-style parties. In an election which saw unusual popular participation, with at least 4 million Egyptians, and 500,000 Libyans voting for candidates, a new composition from the initial S.E.C was proclaimed at the end of these elections. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]A few major developments occurred before and during the elections, first of all was the expansion of the S.E.C to include 50 members in total, of whom 8 were part of a central bureau (much like a politburo) that ran day-to-day affairs when the S.E.C was not in session, and was composed of the 8 most senior members. Secondly was unprecedented campaigning in most major cities of the United Arab Republic, something which before had not been a common sight. Multiple candidates often fought for the same seat (single-candidate elections which were the norm were changed in favor of multiple-candidate lists). Despite its name, the Arab Socialist Union's big-tent nature and its lack of a strong ideological position meant that the varying candidates all ran on different agendas and motives. In a sense, this election proved to the most successful expression of political expression in the Untied Arab Republic since 1923, with the state uncharacteristically staying mostly passive, though any dissent or criticism of the ruling elite itself was expressly forbidden. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]While this might puzzle many foreign analysts and observers, given the tendency of the United Arab Republic to be one of the more heavy-handed nations in the region out of an interest in stability, this has been long coming. The secession of Syria, woeful economic performances in 1965 and 1966, and constant infighting had prompted Nasser to begin reconsidering the former approach and begin to appease longstanding calls for a more grassroots approach. This has been encouraged especially by the surprisingly active and dynamic youth movement, which has been taking full advantage of the recent chances its been given to influence the political scene.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]Most importantly of all of this, the elections was where the factions of the A.S.U would finally know who would have the upper hand, and despite initial fears, it seems that the leftist faction achieved the hold over the S.E.C it had wished for. Leftist candidates proved to be overwhelmingly the more popular in the United Arab Republic's rural provinces, where party chapters tended to nominate populist-leftist candidates who captured the imagination and popularity of peasants and such more than liberalist candidates. As the vast majority of the U.A.R is rural and not urban in nature, this ended up ensuring a dominant hold over the S.E.C by current General-Secretary Aly Sabry who belongs to this faction.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]However it should be noted that the total amounts of seats that the Sabrist faction has in total is around 32 out of 50, meaning that its only a slim majority and not a guaranteed victory. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]Following the end of the elections, President Nasser praised the elections as a 'shinning beacon of our direction' and gave the opening speech during the first session of the S.E.C in the wake of the elections, where he called on the members to pursue only goals that align with Arabism and the will of the Arab masses. He also offered hopes that this election and restructuring process will allow the Arab Socialist Union to rule as a representative of all classes and peoples instead of just a dictatorship of the few as elsewhere.[/pre][/sub]
[/list]
Arcanda, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, The United States Of Africa, Le Equatoria, Katipunero, Zingium
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
OPENING CEREMONY
---------------------------------------
A very warm welcome to viewers from around the world as we come to you live from Wembley Stadium, London, bringing you coverage of this, the opening ceremony of the 1966 FIFA World Cup. Millions of you have tuned in tonight whether it be by radio or television, and we have a capacity crowd filling the stadium for the opening ceremony and the first match for this long awaited tournament.
Tonight will be the very first World Cup match ever to be played in England, the spiritual home of football and will kick off the largest World Cup tournament in history. 32 teams from across the world have been congregating in England in the build-up to the tournament and we are expecting fireworks here as the tension builds in the stadium. As we speak, on the pitch the World Cup trophy is being brought onto the pitch to thunderous applause from the fans by the English FA Chairman and the President of FIFA to be paraded around the stadium as we prepare for the match to begin. The trophy itself is viewed as the ultimate achievement, the ultimate glory for any footballer in the World and to see it here in Wembley Stadium is indeed quite something.
Let's turn our attention to the match tonight, the first match of the tournament that will be contested by our hosts England and Benelux. A very tough first match for the hosts who have been absent from qualifying but go into this tournament as one of the highest ranked teams in Europe and the World. Benelux have been in the international wilderness for some years but enjoyed a very successful qualifying campaign seeing them qualify well ahead of European champions Spain. I think tonight will be a difficult match for both sides and one with a lot of expectation placed against it. England will know that Benelux present a very difficult obstacle but if they want to progress well in this tournament they will need to come away with a win here, simple as that. Benelux will be hoping to start strong as well, they want this win just as much as England do but they'll have a tough time against the England fans tonight that are packing the stadium full, I think we'll be seeing some sparks flying and hopefully a really good game of football.
Speaking of the crowd you can hear them roaring behind us in the commentary box as the teams walk on the pitch for the national anthems, the crowd singing their hearts out as we prepare for kick-off.
---------------------------------------
England v Benelux
The whistle blows and we are away, England taking the immediate advantage from the kick-off to hold possession but the Benelux midfield is all over them. It's already getting quite rough out on the pitch with both sides jostling for the ball, but the first break-through goes the English way, Bobby Charlton playing a fantastic through ball to Jimmy Greaves who gets a shot on target but is collected by the keeper who throws it clear of danger. Already we're seeing the English side pushing to get an early advantage, no doubt bolstered by the fans here.
The ball sits in the midfield for a while, neither side able to make any impressions here. Benelux have squandered some good chances with poor passing accuracy and misplaced crosses from the midfield leaving the strikers wondering what on earth are they doing? England are not fairing much better, though they've managed to produce some good shots towards goal, the fearsome Eddy Pieters Graafland has decided he's having none of it and preventing any ball from getting anywhere close to the Benelux goal.
It's getting tense on the pitch as we're seeing the number of fouls increase as the players really go at it. England have given away 3 free kicks so far and Benelux 4, with no bookings as of yet but the referee is having his work cut-out for him as he's stopping play left, right and centre. The England fans are cheering triumphantly as we head into the last minutes of the first half but it's Benelux that get the counter and it's Klaas Nuninga with the shot... just over the bar. Unfortunate but that's their best chance of the game so far and they are showing that they want this win as much as their opponents.
The half-time whistle blows, and the score remains 0-0. The players are looking exhausted as they leave the pitch, as are the fans, who were hoping for more goals at this stage.
Second half and England again take the advantage with some ferocious forward play breaking the Benelux midfield. Jimmy Greaves and Geoff Hurst look to be on form today as already they've doubled their shots on target from the first half. The Benelux midfield and defence look overwhelmed and the strikers don't seem to be getting any action, whilst Graafland is putting in a mighty shift in goal to stop the English attack.
And we have a free-kick in range for England, as Greaves is taken down just outside the box. The call comes from the referee and we have our first card of the game for Benelux defender Guus Haak, who looks furious with the referee and the linesman, as a crowd of players begin to develop. We're seeing some pushing and a lot of shouting as the England fans and the Benelux fans jeer at each-other. The tension is really high here and I don't imagine it's going to go down any time soon as Haak is pulled out of the group to avoid any further disciplining. Bobby Charlton lines up for the free kick and... straight into the arms of the keeper. The Benelux fans are loving this as Graafland quickly removes the threat, and Charlton really should be scoring from that distance.
We're in the last ten minutes of play and both sides are looking very very tired. The England side, however, retains the advantage and have got themselves an opportunity from a corner here. There's deliberation amongst the players as midfielder Alan Ball steps up to take the shot. The crowd is going wild here with the England especially vocal as the clock counts down. England really need to be converting these chances, especially in such an important game and they can't afford to finish their first match as hosts with a goalless draw. Ball steps up, picks his man and the shot goes thundering into the box. The ball flies over, to the far post and connects to a head... GOAL!! It's Jimmy Greaves for England! Our first goal of the World Cup comes from the hosts and England lead in Wembley. A fantastically timed header as Greaves beats his marker and catches Graafland unaware as the ball finds the top of the net. England are celebrating furiously and the crowd goes wild.
There's the final whistle, and the hosts take their first win of the tournament. What a tense match between these two amazing sides, and what a World Cup opener. The fans are loving it, we're loving it, and we hope it's a taste of what's to come. Benelux bow out of this game with a loss but there's still two games to go and they can still claw this back.
Spainard, Arcanda, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list][list][pre]XP ★ XIAOSHUO PUBLISHING
晓说出版社 |
Excerpt from novel: Histories and Stories of the Species of Solar Popularis | 太阳大众物种的历史和故事 by Xuan Shun of Xiaoshou Publishing - Shanghai, PeopleÂ’s Republic of China[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
A SOLAR POPULARIS ENTRY -THE FREE REN SECTOR [FRS]:
A GLIMPSE OF WHAT FREE REN SPACE WOULD LOOK LIKE!
[spoiler=Clutter prevention][sub]”All is not yet lost…” - Herochi Ziyu, Head of the Council of Ren Systems[/sub]
| THE REN ESCAPE TO THE OUTER SYSTEMS! |
[pre]| As the authority of the Lasak crushed the Ren species in a peaceful subjugation not all Ren had become complacent in this act of submission. Billions of Ren shared this thought, but not much could be done as the United Ren Navy was disarmed and demilitarized. With this act of neutering the Ren species caused a rift in Ren society with a majority of it accept subjugation while the rebellious millions of Ren stood in strict defiance towards the Lasak. This is how the Lasak Prison Vessel the LN Shiigel would face a mutiny of 50,000 Ren men and women as it was en route to detention centers. The mutiny would see the massacre of the whole Lasak crew systematically to allow the Ren Mutineers time to learn how to pilot the LN Shiigel. The mutineers spent numerous years aimlessly jumping from system to system trying to learn all they can about the Galaxy before settling on a system. This led them to the far out systems of wild space and where they found the new homeland of Apoko, Morta, and Lara nearly 2 years after the Mutineers took over the LN Shiigel. The Shiigel landed on Apoko and the colonization of the three systems began with the creation of the New Authority Pact. Many of the Ren saw the flaws of a overreaching government ruling vast amount of territory and decided this new chapter of Ren governance to be one of decentralized rule with each planet its own government and the creation of the Ren Senate a body of representatives with each planet getting ten representatives whose only focus will be facilitating the Ren foreign policy in a unified manner and the upholding of a United Ren defense against any foreign intrusion never again will the Ren surrender. Each inhabited planet would be tasked with creating its own government that works for its needs unlike the Soj Authority that ruled the planets as it pleased with very little input from the planet. The Ren would need to find their niche in Galactic politics and to decide how the want to interact with the Lasak.[/pre]
[pre]The Free Ren Sector has seen massive population growth due to the promotion of high birth rates by all planetary governments and massive immigration of Rens from Lasak Space and beyond.[/pre]
[pre]The two main political blocs in Ren politics as of 350 RGY are the Fanhui Bloc and the Xinjia Bloc, Fanhui Thought is the ideology of liberation for the Ren within Lasak Space and Xinjia Thought is to not attack the Lasak and instead only facilitate the peaceful emigration of Ren from the Lasak Feudal Zone to the Free Ren Sector. For centuries Xinjia Thought had a stranglehold on the Senate, but as of the last 50 years the explosion of Fanhui thought on Apoko has begun to change the long held stances of the Ren Senate. Will they be able to liberate Solat? |[/pre]
| MORTA SYSTEM, A SYSTEM OF EXTREMES! |
[pre]| Morta the wild system of the FRS core systems. ItÂ’s planets reject any desire and plea from the Ren that inhabit them to give them any respite. The system and her celestial bodies build up the toughest of the Ren now referred to as Morthans within the Ren Sector. Morta-II acted as the capital world for the Morthans in Sector politics. A world covered in thick layers of ice, snow, and a desolate tundra with some grasses and trees along the equator. Hidden under the ice and snow was a vast network of hardy cold resistant mosses and mushrooms that have become a staple for the diet of all Morthans and have become a booming business in exporting these marvels of agriculture to other desolate ice worlds across the Galaxy. Morta-II is home to the powerful Jichu, Fangzhe, and Zhoxin tribes who rule over the sparsely populated planet and hold the banditry in check. The Jichu rule lands north of the Youzhi Strip (The equatorial band) while the Fangzhe rule south of the Youzhi Strip and the Zhoxin rule the Youzhi Strip. The Morta system is considered as primitive compared to the other Ren sectors as itÂ’s ruled by tribes and inter-tribal conflict is not uncommon but this hardy system and near constant low intensity warfare have built a breed of Ren that now make up the backbone of the Ren Unified Forces. Morta-I is a desert world only survivable due to the vast network of oasis and the polar ice sheets that create a somewhat temperate zone in the extreme north and south. Morta-I is ruled by the tribes: Tayang, Shi-lo, Genzo, Zai, Sha, and Dishu who rule their respective oasis and guard the lucrative route through the desert from the beasts of Morta-I and from the Landless. The landless are those with no tribal affiliation who wander the dunes and raid the caravan routes of the planet. The deadliest Landless clan is the Sica Stalkers who are known from brutal raids against agricultural communities across the central expanse. Morta-III is the industrial base for the Morta system leaving the planet nearly inhabitable except for dome cities where the workers and small number of residents there serve the workers and Mortafu. After three centuries of intense heavy industry with no regard for the environment as the planet was seen as disposable the original terrain of Morta-III is unknown with only the sites of mining pits and factories for as far as the eye can see. Unlike Morta-I and -II Morta is ruled by the Mortafu Corporation, a mining company under supervision of the Morthan Tribal Council (the governing body that rules the Morta system as a whole with representatives from every tribe). ItÂ’s rumored that Morta-III had a native sentient population eradicated on orders from the Morthan Tribal Council.[/pre]
[pre]The Morta System is home to 3 billion Ren with Morta-I: 1 billion, Morta-II: 1.5 billion, and Morta-III: 500 million. The least populated system in the free Ren sector, it holds a certain mystic quality compared to the other systems in the sector. Morthans see the other ren mostly as weak and feeble compared to them, but the bonds made by fleeing from the Lasak have prevented most inter-System conflict in the Free Ren Sector. |[/pre]
| APOKO SYSTEM, THE CULTURAL HEARTLAND OF THE NEW REN! |
[pre]| Apoko was the first system to be settled by the Liberated Ren and has become a new cultural heartland for the Ren people just as Solat was centuries before. Apoko is also the stronghold of Fanhui Thought and its politicians valiantly support liberating the Solat System and all systems that Ren have been dispersed to. It was a one planet system holding the giant terrestrial planet of Apoko the namesake for the System. The planet of Apoko was a vast planet filled with plains of fertile grasslands and dense networks of forests, temperate in temperature allowed most land of the planet to be densely populated and comfortable for the Ren needs. After 3 centuries Apoko became a planet of vast cities and fertile farmlands that feed the planet with ease. The planet now had a population of 14 billion with 70% of it living in urban areas such as the cities of Dalu, Xin, Chinshe, Kos, Asti, and Populo. Apoko has been the birthplace of a new renaissance for the Ren inspiring generations of Artists and Politicians as debate has become the main sport to those of Apoko inspiring the youth to think and ponder much more than the ‘savages’ of Morta and the working classes of Lara. Larans and Morthans are often seen as lesser Ren in the eyes of most Apokans, who need guidance by the Apokans to build a better Ren Species mostly in a benevolent manner as most Apokans don’t have the stomach for Inter-Ren violence.[/pre]
[pre]The ruling of Apoko is heavily influenced by the Five Families of Apoko: Ziyou, Bi-lu, Gesi, Feron, and Urba. These families are highly regarded due to their achievements in Art, Political thought, and Business success. Many of the young sons and daughters of these families also form up the leadership class of the Guerrilla groups that venture into Lasak Space and launch missions against the Lasak government, military, and civilian targets. The major Ren Guerrilla Groups are: The Fist of Ren, The Children of Soj, and The Army of Liberation all headquarter themselves on the planet of Apoko and are made up mostly of the naive youth of Apoko who have the means to secretly travel to Lasak space without the help of the Ren Unified Forces. Representatives of the Apoko System to the Ren Senate are chosen by direct voting but most candidates come from the Five Families who have firmly entrenched themselves into politics only allowing controlled opposition inside Apokan politics.[/pre]
[pre]The Apoko economy is dominated by the exportation of luxury goods and technology to other Galactic polities and mineral extractions from the asteroids within the System. Apoko also acts as a resort world for many galactic travelers known for their immaculate resorts and attractions in the system, it's well known for its natural beauty and relaxed nature for those who donÂ’t pay attention to the Apokan arrogance. The system also holds Hubo Station, an important stop on Galactic Route 105, the system orbits Apoko and is a marketplace for off world traders who only need to make a quick stop to unload less valuable goods and refuel their vessels. Apoko is the most well known system of the Free Ren Sector as it is generally always open to aliens to keep the economy flowing. |[/pre]
| LARA SYSTEM, INDUSTRIAL CENTER FOR THE REN SECTOR!|
[pre]| The dirty hands of the Free Ren sectors and the most populated System due to numerous easily inhabited planets give the system its population of 20 billion. 3 planets and dozens of industrial stations provide homes for the Larans. This sector is what builds the Ren Unified Forces up will the Morthans man it. The planet of Gor provides immense amounts of raw materials that are used to build the armaments of the Ren Unified Forces and what is used to build the infrastructure across the Free Ren Sector. Pompo is a refinery planet used to refine the raw resources of Gor while Lara, the most populated planet, is covered in vast warehouses and manufacturing plants built with the exports of Gor and Pompo. These planets are ruled by Worker Councils who try to create a balance on these worlds unlike the industrial wasteland of Morta-III. |[/pre]
[/spoiler]
[list][list][pre]SERVE IMAGINATION![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]服务想象力![/pre][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Le Equatoria, Zingium
| WORLDVISION SONG CONTEST, 1966 |
[sub]3rd of June, 1966[/sub]
[sub]New York City, United States of America[/sub]
| Opulence, Grandness and Modernity is what could describe this year Worldvision Song Contest in the United States of America, hosted by the famous NEW YORK CITY. Major American stars of music such as FRANK SINATRA were the guests that performed during the breaks and opening acts of the show, continuing the idea of interval acts but the Americans were quick to introduce their own stamp onto the contest, by having pre-performance and after performance interviews with all the performing artists, giving people a major glimpse into the nerves, excitement and ambition of those performing. The Americans also expanded on the use of artists visiting major natural beauties of the USA, whilst giving a short speech about the country they are from. The staging of this year contest has also been dubbed as the most expensive in the history of the show, with the Americans spending in estimation around Forty-Four Million Dollars. |
| WORLDVISION RESULTS 1966; |
[list]1st Place - FRANCE with 173 Points!
2nd Place - EAST GERMANY with 110 Points!
3rd Place - ITALY with 109 Points!
4th Place - SCANDINAVIA with 100 Points!
5th Place - SLOVENIA with 92 Points!
6th Place - YUGOSLAVIA with 91 Points!
7th Place - REPUBLIC OF CHINA with 85 Points!
8th Place - CANADA with 80 Points!
9th Place - IRAN with 76 Points!
10th Place - SUDAN with 68 Points!
11th Place - JAPAN with 62 Points!
12th Place - KOREA with 61 Points!
13th Place - INDONESIA with 59 Points!
14th Place - ROMANIA with 56 Points!
15th Place - UNITED STATES OF AMERICA with 52 Points!
16th Place - INDIA with 39 Points!
17th Place - CHINA with 35 Points!
18th Place - ZAIRE with 34 Points!
19th Place - MALAYSIA with 25 Points!
20th Place - GREECE with 15 Points!
21st Place - WEST GERMANY with 12 Points!
22nd Place - UNITED KINGDOM with 6 Points!
23rd Place - POLAND with 5 Points!
24th Place - CZECHOSLOVAKIA with 3 Points!
25th Place - USSR with 2 Points![/list]
| The winner of Worldvision Song Contest is FRANCE GALL with her song POUPEE DE CIRCE, POUPEE DE SON, from FRANCE. This is the second win for FRANCE, with the first happening in 1954 when EDITH PIAF won. This is also the first time in history that a nation has won more than once at the Worldvision Song Contest, giving France the record holder for most wins. This Worldvision will also go down as the most safe and least controversial, with the American host making sure that no incident takes no place. However, nonetheless, one of the biggest contenders in Worldvision since its start, and former winner, SOVIET UNION has placed last and failed to qualify to take part next year, a shocking incident in itself. The Contest has also reached its largest number of live viewers, reaching nearly fifty-two million people worldwide, live, at the same time. |
[spoiler="...this contest is truly a chance for the youth of the world to connect together, and celebrate what unites us..." - FRANCE GALL, Winner of Worldvision 1966]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Zingium
[list]
июнь
1 9 6 6
[list]
[sub]UZBEK SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC
Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси[/sub][/list][/list]
| FIRST-SECRETARY RASHIDOV USHERS IN MASSIVE RECONSTRUCTION EFFORT |
[list][sub][sup]Tashkent, Uzbek SSR[/sub][/sup]
[list][sub]| The destruction of the ancient metropolis and current capital of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, had left deep scars upon the citizens of the nations, one that would not be healed soon. However for the current time, newly resurgent First-Secretary Sharaf Rashidov has attempted to heal the nation and united it behind the Uzbek Communist Party. In the middle of the rubble in Lenin Square, the secretary ushered in a massive reconstruction effort that he praised as all-encompassing and comprehensive in nature, and called for rebuilding Tashkent as a 'model Soviet city'. |[/sub]
[sub]| There has been plans since the 40s to rebuild Tashkent, a city steeped in tradition but in need of catching up to modern times, however the amounts of existing infrastructure and the nature of the city as the most developed in Central Asia had put a hurdle in these plans. Attempt at creating modern districts were of low quality and failed to meet standards of even mere aesthetics or visual pleasure. |[/sub]
[sub]| These plans found themselves of particular usefulness as large swaths of the city were destroyed, meaning that Soviet planners could start from the scratch and rebuild Tashkent from the ancient capital of Central Asia, into a beacon of Socialism. 2.9 million square meters of living space were destroyed and reduced to dust, and 1.1 million squares of living space was damaged. Mosques destroyed, infrastructure made useless. All would be rebuilt, at least 100,000 homes were envisioned to be constructed within less than 3 years, mosques and cultural buildings would be rebuilt, and new monuments to resilience and Socialism created. |[/sub]
[sub]| However rebuild was not the only plan, but also expansion. Industrial districts and such would be a hallmark of the new Tashkent. A new metro system and public transportation would provide high quality infrastructure for residents, new houses would not just be a rebuild of the old, but will be air conditioned with electric stoves, and they will be built to ensure that no such disaster may happen again. |[/sub]
[sub]| Already, several buildings have been rebuilt in the past two months, the sewage system and new water pipes were installed to ensure basic survival in the hot summer month in this Central Asian country. Workers from all over the Soviet Union have rushed to aid this internationalist effort of rebuild and reconstruction, to ensure that all efforts are met with the appropriate need. However in the midst of all of this, Tashkent has been the site of a new battle. Kosygin's attempt at promoting more expressionist architecture originally fell on deaf ears, however for Kosygin this opportunity meant the fullest display of his vision, and should it be achieved successfully, could be an example for future Soviet planning. |[/sub]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list][sub]𝙸𝙸𝙸.1966[/sub]
[sub]LIBRI, BANDIERE E RIVENDICAZIONI[/sub]
BOOKS, FLAGS, AND DEMANDS[/list]
[list][list][pre]As thousands of new, middle-class students enter the system,
A new generation faces the ways of the old world, and demands change.[/pre][/list][/list]
TRENTO, REGNO DÂ’ITALIA
[sub]Higher University Institute for Social Sciences
[nation=flag]Arcanda[/nation][/sub][/list]
[list]| The imposing white buildings of the University of Trento stood amid a scenic backdrop of pines, nestled on the edges of the quiet Alpine city near the Slovene border. They were brand new—the university itself being just four years old. In 1962, it had been the first of its kind to be dedicated to sociology, and was envisioned by the DC cabinet of then as a bold new step in its modernization program. The country, with its expansive consumer class and industrialization, had been just as it is now in dire need of administrators and managers. Few however could have foreseen that the students at Trento would develop a spirit of rebellion; for several days in January they occupied the premises, stopping classes and taking possession of the halls demanding reforms to the contents of their classes and wider recognition of their diplomas. The peaceful occupation has made the headlines in Rome, and the young agitators, belonging to the Partito Socialista Italiano di Unità Proletaria (PSIUP, Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity; a minor hard-liner breakaway party of the PCI), would see some fame. The event, although small in nature and restrained to the sleepy Alpine town and its small university, would however draw attention to rising woes within the world of Italian colleges. |
| Twenty years have now passed since the end of the war and the proclamation of the unstable monarchic state in its current parliamentarian form; and while elder professors retain their classical and strict upbringing, their ever more numerous cohorts of students are taking new paths. Rising numbers are now seen due to the abolition of some entrance examinations and a general reform of the examination taken at the end of secondary education. In 1965-66, statistics show that an approximate 425,000 students are attending college, in often crowded and insalubrious amphitheaters—double the figure of ten years ago, when they were only 212,000. In majority hailing from the middle-class, the new generation is a far cry from their aristocratic predecessors, inevitably leading to discontent against a generation of professors seen as reactionary or too removed from the practicalities of their teachings. Iconoclasm and rebellion, while once restrained to the virile atmosphere of the aristocratic goliardic fraternities, has now taken a very political turn, with a rise in radicalism and vandalism over the past few years. |
| At its XI Congress in March, the Unione nazionale universitaria rappresentativa italiana (Italian National University Union, UNURI), a student association representing diverse currents in a parliamentary form, from the far-left to the liberal right, has officially called for a reform to the administrative structure of Italian universities, demanding autonomy; but also in-depth curricula reforms and financial investment in the ageing university buildings, which continues to operate despite reaching maximum capacity. However, the current cabinet has so far been deaf to such requests. The UNURI itself seems on the way to dissolution due to deteriorating student relations, with its Congress ending on a sour note as several far-left organizations, including the PSIUP, have threatened their exit from the student's parliament. What this means for the future of student's demands —defeat or rebirth— remains to be seen. |
[list][list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty[/sub]
EVVIVA L'ITALIA!
—]
[nation]Adriatican Islands[/nation]
[nation]Al-Oman[/nation]
[nation]Amsterwald[/nation]
[nation]Arcanda[/nation]
[nation]Brazil Toucan[/nation]
[nation]Cascadla[/nation]
[nation]Cheezaslovakia[/nation]
[nation]Connomia[/nation]
[nation]East Germany DDR[/nation]
[nation]Great Britain GB[/nation]
[nation]Greater Kurdistane[/nation]
[nation]Israelli[/nation]
[nation]Kewtpuff[/nation]
[nation]Kotakuan II[/nation]
[nation]Ma-li[/nation]
[nation]Maziya[/nation]
[nation]Metropolitan Francais[/nation]
[nation]Neepal[/nation]
[nation]Nevbrejnovitz[/nation]
[nation]Newauroria[/nation]
[nation]New Provenance[/nation]
[nation]Nileia[/nation]
[nation]Nippon-Nihon[/nation]
[nation]OsivoII[/nation]
[nation]Paramountica[/nation]
[nation]Paseo[/nation]
[nation]Peking Zhongguo[/nation]
[nation]Pontianus[/nation]
[nation]Provenancia[/nation]
[nation]Ranponian[/nation]
[nation]Rutannia[/nation]
[nation]Saudi Arabiyah[/nation]
[nation]Socialist Democratic Republic Romania[/nation]
[nation]Spainard[/nation]
[nation]Sudesam[/nation]
[nation]Turkiye 1st[/nation]
[nation]Vancouver Straits[/nation]
[nation]Victoria Harbor[/nation]
[nation]Vietnam SV[/nation]
[nation]Virnall[/nation]
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Le Equatoria, Zingium
16/6/1966 | The Democratic Republic of Ghana
__
Economist Kwadwo Ben Adjaye gaining popularity within the CPP
______
Adjaye's Vision for Ghana |
Recently, President Kwame Nkrumah has officially announced his plan to step down for the 1968 Ghanian Elections. This has created a power vaccum in the CPP and one rising candidate is liberal economist Kwado Adjaye, Nkrumah has promoted the young economist as the next leader of the CPP and Ghana. Adjaye has stated that if he were to be elected he would aim to liberalize the Ghanian economy with the privatization of major industries and the start of a gradual transition into a free-market state. He has also said that another goal of his presidency would be to industrialize Ghana and shift the mainly agricultural economy of Ghana into an industrialized/developed economy. Another point of controversy is his dedication to strengthening ties with the West and the U.S.
Conflict within the CPP |
The endorsement of Kwadwo Ben Adjaye by President Nkrumah has served as a catalyst, igniting intense polarization and fostering internal conflict within the CPP. The announcement has drawn sharp divisions, particularly among the party's stalwart Old Guard and the ideologically driven left-wing majority. An undercurrent of skepticism and concern has emerged within the party, with numerous members viewing Adjaye as a potential pawn manipulated by colonial interests. This growing sentiment has stoked fears of an imminent party schism, highlighting the deep ideological rifts within the CPP. The socialist faction of the party has rallied behind other candidates within the party, such as Kwabena Amoako, Kwame Asante-Adu, and Adwoa Akua Darko, each championing their distinctive agendas. Kwabena Amoako, an ardent advocate for workers' rights, strives to position labor issues at the heart of Ghana's economic policies. Kwame Asante-Adu, known for his eloquence and charisma, emphasizes social equality and endeavors to bridge societal gaps. Adwoa Akua Darko, a staunch proponent of gender equality, placing an emphasis on women's rights and empowerment. Amidst this internal turmoil, the CPP's core stands in a precarious state, inadvertently bolstering the right wing. The contingent supporting the young economist has made strides in securing Adjaye's presidency, drawing a significant portion of the party toward their vision. This dynamic has left the CPP teetering on a precipice, torn between competing ideologies and divergent visions for Ghana's future. As the nation hurtles toward the 1968 elections, this period of profound uncertainty sets the stage for a charged and transformative political landscape, where the fate and direction of the CPP and Ghana hang in the balance.
____
As the political landscape of Ghana undergoes seismic shifts, the nation finds itself at a crossroads, grappling with the ideological tug-of-war within the CPP. The trajectory of this internal conflict will undoubtedly shape the future of Ghana, influencing its economic policies, diplomatic relations, and societal norms. The impending 1968 elections carry the weight of not just selecting a leader but defining the very essence of the CPP and its role in Ghana's development. The fervor surrounding Kwadwo Ben Adjaye's candidacy, juxtaposed with the robust opposition from the socialist wing, paints a complex picture of the CPP's internal dynamics. As the nation anticipates the unfolding drama, the resilience of its political institutions and the ability of its leaders to navigate these turbulent waters will determine whether Ghana emerges stronger and more united or succumbs to the fractures threatening to reshape its political landscape. In the heart of this uncertainty lies the hope that Ghana, guided by its democratic principles, will find a path forward that aligns with the aspirations of its people and ensures the nation's continued progress and stability.
______________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Le Equatoria, Zingium
The Conclusion of the First 5-Year Plan; Nyerere Sides With the Government as Party Fails to Materialize Results
1962-1966
The mixed results of the First 5-Year Plan would lay bare the failed approaches to economics that the Tanganyika African National Union had pushed for. The relative success of the National AssemblyÂ’s plan would cause Nyerere to shift his full backing to the National Assembly, causing enragement within the party.
Background
The Tanzanian economy was among the smallest in Africa. During British rule, with a minor exception a failed Groundnut scheme had never materialized. To this aspect, nearly 80% of Tanzania's GDP came from agriculture, and there were incredibly low levels of investment and mechanization. Out of the former British colonies, Tanzania was the poorest. To circumvent this two plans were put forward in 1962, the National Assembly Plan, and the TANU Plan. Each would be implemented limitedly as a trial run; however, while the NAP would show steady growth, the Party plan would largely fail.
The National Assembly Plan
The National Assembly plan as proposed by Speaker Adam Sapi Mkwawa would recognize several fundamental flaws within Tanzania. Mainly, the government was out of money. Under no circumstances would large scale government intervention and control of the economy, especially over unprofitable ventures, likely result in any growth in the economy. Further making matters worse was a general lack of manpower that hindered the governmentÂ’s ability to function on a large scale, especially in the realm of running an economy, or controlling businesses.
To this end, the NAP portion of the 5-Year Plan would emphasize growing trade and attracting foreign investments. To this end, the National Assembly would lower tariffs, especially on Western Companies, and would cut red tape that hindered private businesses currently located within Tanzania.
Some issues with this plan came from two sources. Cutting regulation, and empowering local businessmen, especially Arab, white, and Indian businessmen was widely unpopular among Africans, especially those who had suffered labor abuses under the previous government. The other major issue was President Nyerere himself. Often focused on foreign affairs, Nyerere had made the proclamation he desired to criticize Western intervention in Vietnam, especially American involvement. The government would quickly intervene, petitioning the President to soften his language and hold back some of his criticisms.
After 5 years, manufacturing was growing, and the number of people employed grew as well. Perhaps more importantly, a small growing Black African business class would begin to chip away at the notion of upper classes being dominated purely by Whites and Indians.
TANU Plan
The Tanganyika African Union Plan, or the TANUP would be the party plan for growing the economy. This plan recognized the wide inequalities in Tanzanian society, between white and black, and rich and poor. To rectify this Party called for the nationalization of Tanzanian businesses, and the collectivization of all private farms, and of scattered hamlets into centralized villages.
This plan, even more so than the NAP, failed to deal with the governmentÂ’s issues. The Party plan, despite being created by a party largely made up of peasants, seemed to fundamentally hate the peasantry. Decisions over production were stripped from peasants, making them grow crops and raise cattle in areas fundamentally unsuited for them. Many peasants werenÂ’t paid in these villages, instead they would be forced to farm the land for free. In response many peasants rebelled or ran away to work on the lands of large private farms. In fact under this plan bureaucrats, and private landowners collaborated to allow these private estates to sweep up vast quantities of once privately held land. Production amounts collapsed across these new villages, and many starved. The party's plan had failed.
Nyerere Sides Increasingly With the Government
Seeing the failure of the Party, President Nyerere would begin to fully slide his support behind the government. Despite this, he would still attempt to present an olive branch for the party. Villagization would continue but in a heavily modified form.
Nonetheless the party would continue to grow more agitated and estranged from the President, leading to the 1966 Student Protests.[1]
[1] IRL Nyerere sided entirely with the Party, as seen in the later Arusha declaration. Instead of siding with the gov., he would double down on collectivization, and villagization.
Paramountica, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria
[pre]| MAY - 可能 - 1966|[/pre]
[list][list][list][pre]PRC ★ PEOPLESÂ’ REPUBLIC OF CHINA
中华人民共和国 |[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION GROUP REPLACES THE FIVE MAN GROUP:
COMRADE MAOÂ’S AMBITIONS TO IMPLEMENT A CULTURAL REVOLUTION HAVE FINALLY BEGUN TO BE SET INTO MOTION!
文革小组取代五人小组:
毛泽东同志实施文化革命的雄心终于开始付诸行动了!
[sub]”Communism is not love. Communism is a hammer which we use to crush the enemy. - 一 共产主义不是爱。共产主义是一把锤子,我们用它来粉碎敌人。” - Mao Tse-tung[/sub]
[pre]| Comrade Mao has finalized the replacement of the Five Man Group this month with the creation of the Cultural Revolution Group filled with some of MaoÂ’s most fanatical supporters such as: Chen Boda, Jiang Qing, Kang Sheng, Yao Wenyuan, Zhang Chunqiao, Wang Li and Xie Fuzhi. This has come after a year of frustrations that Comrade Mao had with Peng Zhen who Mao claimed was obstructing the progress of the cultural revolution. The CRG role would be the guides of the coming Revolution and provide a strong governmental hand towards the goals of the revolution. |[/pre]
[pre]| Alongside the development of the Cultural Revolution Group came the growth of a youth faction that will help carry out the orders of the CRG. The students of Tsinghua University Middle School would be the first to call themselves the Red Guard and harshly criticized their school administrators for holding bourgeois tendencies and promoting intellectual elitism causing them to be labeled Counter-Revolutionaries by the school administration. This did not stop the young revolutionaries as they published manifestos and gained the favor of Comrade Mao leading to him broadcasting their manifestos across governmental media. The political legitimacy that was brought to the Red Guards was seized upon by the group and soon a majority of schools would house Red Guard Chapters of their own! The Cultural Revolution grows in the hearts of the Youth! |[/pre]
[list][list][pre]SERVE THE PEOPLE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]为人民服务![/pre][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Nippon-Nihon, Vancouver Straits, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Le Equatoria
[list]
июнь
1 9 6 6
[list]
[sub]UZBEK SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC
Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси[/sub][/list][/list]
| PATRONAGE OF SCIENCE |
[list][sub][sup]Tashkent, Uzbek SSR[/sub][/sup]
[list][sub]| Now two months removed from the earthquake, First-Secretary Rashidov oversaw a public tour of the nuclear facilities in Tashkent, checking for any damages from the earthquake. However most importantly it served another purpose that perhaps may surprise many, that of reuniting with old friends and one of Rashidov's main powerbases, Uzbek's intellectual class. When exiled from the leadership in 1965, Rashidov was put in charge of a hastly created 'commission' for nuclear research, an at best retirement job that served no real purpose. But for Rashidov, it served as his way back to power, slowly transforming it into an actual influential scientific body, and one that slowly increased his stature. |[/sub]
[sub]| Scientists may not seem like an important political class, especially in a place like the Soviet Union, but most large-profile scientists in the Uzbek SSR held seats on the central committee, their votes would be important, and these scientists and technocrats would be influential in running a government, as their advice would be crucial for any policy. Yet they were always ignored by the leadership structure. Something that Rashidov took full advantage of. |[/sub][/list]
---------------------------------
January 1965
[list][sub]| A humiliated Sharof Rashidov sat in his new office, the once mighty first-secretary relegated to the symbolic role of Chairman of the Uzbek Nuclear Research Commission which was created specifically for him. Despite originally having come to power out of loyalty to Khruschev, Rashidov attempted to read the signs and aligned himself with the traitor Brezhnev in an attempt to capitalize on Khrushchev's age and decline, only for this to spell the end of his rule as the metaphorical Khan of the Uzbek SSR. Fine, he thought if he was to be relegated to a mere 'Commissioner' then he would take that opportunity and make himself the most competent administrator in the republic whatever it took. |[/sub]
[sub]| A knock was followed by the director of the Academy of Sciences in Uzbekistan, Dr. Sadiq Azimov walking into the new office. Dr. Azimov had quietly grown into the most respected scientist in the republic, in 1956 he spearheaded the creation, design, and establishment of the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Tashkent helping usher in an almost golden age of nuclear research culminating in the approval of the first Uzbek nuclear reactor in 1964. He was also outspoken in the need to repurpose nuclear energy and focus on new paths of renewable energy instead of hydrocarbons, however this has been mostly rejected by the C.P.S.U's Central Committee. Rashidov gestures for him to take a seat. |[/sub]
[list][list]
SHAROF RASHIDOV:
[sup][sub]Commissioner of the UNRC[/sup][/sub]
[list][sub]|| So Dr. Azimov, how would you like having political support to achieve any goal you desire? ||[/sub][/list]
DR. SADIQ AZIMOV:
[sup][sub]Director of the Uzbek Academy of Sciences[/sup][/sub]
[list][sub](Chuckling)
|| Well that would be the dream of course! ||[/sub][/list][/list][/list]
[/list]
---------------------------------
JANUARY 1966
[list][sub]| The new year party in the Academy of Sciences in Tashkent has been particularly festive this year. Increased funding and a sense of freedom to embark scientific pursuits has never been this abundant. In just a year, Sharof Rashidov had politiked his way from being a mere symbolic official to turning the Nuclear Research Commission into an actual scientific entity with weight. Rashidov was no scientist, he was a politician, and that more than anything gave him an advantage nobody foresaw in the science world. When his opponents created the NRC as a way to banish Rashidov away from politics completely, they failed to see that Rashidov was a dangerous enemy even when chained |[/sub]
[list][list]
DR. SADIQ AZIMOV:
[sup][sub]Director of the Uzbek Academy of Sciences[/sup][/sub]
[list][sub]|| It's amazing what you can do when you are not forced into researching cotton irrigation all this time, we have had so much breakthroughs with electro-nuclear currents and cosmic rays this year. If we continue on this pace I believe we can achieve great things! ...You seem a bit lost in another world, tell me what you are thinking about, friend. ||[/sub][/list][/list][/list]
[sub]| Rashidov, lost in thought, failed to notice his now trusted colleague and advisor walking up to him. Sipping on his (expensive) champagne, Rashidov turned back to Asimov, an almost serious look on his face. He half considered whether he should tell Asimov about his plans right now, but after a bit of hesitancy, he speaks. |[/sub]
[list][list]
SHAROF RASHIDOV:
[sup][sub]Commissioner of the UNRC[/sup][/sub]
[list][sub]|| I am planning on making a move in the future, back to power. I am gonna need your vote, all of your votes. The Party needs stability, not division. Will you aid me? ||[/sub][/list][/list][/list][/list]
---------------------------------
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Le Equatoria
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
THE GROUP STAGES (PART 1)
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We come to the close of the first round of matches at the 1966 FIFA World Cup, and already we've seen some shocks grip the tournament so far. Although it's too early to tell, it's looking like we're going to have a really interesting group stage so far. Many teams are playing their World Cup debuts, some to success and some to disappointment, as it tends to be in the beautiful game. Let's look at the results from the first round of group stage matches.
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Group A
Mexico 1-2 Morocco
It only took until the second match of the tournament for the World Cup to produce one of it's famed shocks, as debutants Morocco stun one of the group favourites Mexico in one of the best debuts at the World Cup. Mexico were expected to have an easy with against the North African side, and their play from the start suggested that they believed that to be true. However, Ahmed Faras stunned the Mexicans with a fantastic header in the 35th minute, scoring his nations first World Cup goal and sending them into the lead. Mexico took a while to respond, waiting under the second half to fire home an equaliser, but this was brilliantly countered by an unstoppable strike from Faras to keep Morocco ahead. The stadium erupted in pandemonium as the final whistle blew and Morocco take their first win and climb to the top of their group.
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Group B
Bulgaria 3-1 Costa Rica
Our next world cup debutant did not fair as well, with Costa Rica taking a thrashing from the Bulgarians in their first match. The scoring opened early in the 15th with Bulgarian star Georgi Asparuhov's strike, followed by a second in the 23rd from fellow striker Petar Zhekov. The match seemed firmly in the grips of the Bulgarian side but the deadlock was broken by Mario Cordero who struck to take a goal back for the Central American side, to the jubilations of the fans. Some may have hoped that the comeback was on for Costa Rica as the Bulgarians seemed to falter, but a well-placed freekick from Aleksandar Kostov ended those dreams, as the Bulgarians walk away from their first match with 3 points.
Australia 0-1 Italy
Australia faced one of the toughest opening matches of the tournament against two-time champions Italy, and despite ultimately succumbing to the European giants, put up one of the finest performances of the tournament thus far. Italy was definitely on the assault against the young Australian side, playing most of the first half inside the Australians half. The Aussie defenders had the workout of their lives keeping the lethal Italian forwards away from goal. Their hard work paid off as they held the score to a draw at the end of the first half. The second looked much like the first though Australia were able to push for some attempts on goal. However, a sloppy tackle lead to an Italian penalty, neatly tucked away by striker Antonio Juliano for Italy, giving Italy their opening win of the tournament.
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Group C
Spain 3-2 Sudan
Sudan look set to earn the title of 'Giant Killers' after their close match with Spain. The European champions looked stunned at the performance of the African debutants, who fought them until the final whistle. The match opened with an immediate goal within 4 minutes at the hands of none other than Spaniard Luis Suarez. Spain looked in control of the match until a scramble in the Spanish box saw the ball roll past the keeper in the 31st minute, Omer Osman claiming the goal and equalising for Sudan. Spain retook the lead from a free kick and volley from Joaquin Peiro, but Spain quickly realised that the match would not be as easy as they might have predicted. In the 53rd, Sudan once again equalised following an amazing strike by Amin Zaki from outside the box, but was responded to again by Suarez in the 56th. Spain walk away with a hard-earned first win but Sudan take the crowds hearts following that incredible performance.
Iran 0-1 Brazil
The reigning world champions took their first win of the tournament as expected, but were held to a surprising result by the Iranians. Brazil's only goal of the game came in the 22nd minute, a header from Garrincha, and they were unable to score again during the rest of the match. The Iranian defence stood firm to prevent any further goals, stopping the likes of Pele and Zito, but they were unable to complement this with a strong attack. Despite this, Iran showed great promise of the field and they might be in a position to cause upsets later down the line.
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Group D
Yugoslavia 2-1 Andes
Yugoslavia secured their first win of the tournament over the Andes, starting undoubtedly as they mean to go on. Milan Galic scored almost immediately to get the Yugoslavs in the lead, but was stunned by the aggressive and talented play of the Andes who levelled the score in the 11th minute. The first half became a back and forth of counter-attacks as both sides tried desperately to take the lead again. Galic scored his second in the 37th minute to put Yugoslavia back into the lead, after which the Yugoslav side held a strong defence to try and stop the energetic and spritely Andean side from scoring. Yugoslavia finish their first game on a high note, and the Andes have work to do if they hope to get out of the Group Stages.
Zaire 0-3 Soviet Union
The Soviet Union affirmed why they are amongst the top ranked teams in the world with a strong start to their campaign, dispatching minnows Zaire in the first game of the tournament. Scoring started in the 20th minute with Eduard Makarov firing home a surgical strike through the legs of the Zairean defenders. The African side however held on, keeping the score as it was and desperately preventing the Soviets from netting another. The physicality of the African side was unexpected by the Soviets, and the Soviet players found themselves jostled off the ball on many occasions, prompting a change of tactics at the end of the first half. Despite a valiant display, the Soviets scored two goals at the very end of the game, by Khusainov and Voronin to seal the deal and secure their first points of the tournament.
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Group E
Norden 4-0 Honduras
In the best result of the opening matches, Norden dispatched Honduras in dominant fashion to cement their position as favourites of the group and of the tournament. Norden began their assault early on and in the 9th saw their first goal by striker Agne Simonsson. They dominated the first half possession and later saw a second come from Kurt Hamrin in the 37th minute. The Honduran side went into the end of the first half tired and outplayed, desperately looking for a response to the Nordic onslaught. Honduras improved defensively in the first stages of the second half and looked to make some approaches against the Nordic goal, but were wholly unsuccessful. Norden made it 3 from the strike of Kurt Andersson in the 80th minute, followed by a 4th goal and 2nd for Agne Simonsson in the 89th. A triumphant start for Norden, and a night to forget for Honduras.
Saudi Arabia 0-3 West Germany
In a typical show of German efficiency, West Germany dispatched Saudi Arabia for their first match to show that they mean business in this tournament. Youngster Franz Beckenbauer opened up the scoring in the 19th minute, playing in his first World Cup and already one of the stars of the national side. The Saudi team were unable to answer the Germans but were able to hold on going into the second half, keeping their hopes alive as they entered the second. However, the Germans had tasted blood and came for more, with Wolfgang Weber making it 2 in the 73rd minute. The Saudis appeared completely outplayed by the German side, who made it 3 in the 90th by captain Uwe Seeler. A dominant display from a dominant side as we await the rest of the group matches.
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Group F
United Arab Republic 2-2 France
Another shock came in the first match of Group F where the United Arab Republic held France to a 2-2 draw. The U.A.R. were not expected to make an impact in this first match but through some superb forward play they managed to hold their lines and claim a point from the strong French side. Nestor Combin opened the scoring for France in the 26th minute, but this was answered only 5 minutes later by a fantastic strike from Salah Selim, which brought the score level as the teams headed into the second half. France picked up the pace in the second half and eventually put themselves ahead in the 62nd minute by Andre Guy, and looked to have the match firmly in their control. However, a last minute corner found the head of Selim to level the game in dramatic fashion, with both teams leaving with a well-earned point but not the start that France would have hoped for.
United States 0-1 Argentina
Argentina start their campaign with a win over the United States. The Argentine side are one of the favourites to win the tournament and continued to prove this after a strong qualifying campaign. The young and relatively untested American side held firm in the early stages but were unable to stop the header of Silvio Marzolini to put Argentina ahead. Despite this, the US were firm in their defence to prevent any further goals and to frustrate the Argentine midfield. A lack of co-ordinated attacking play meant that the US were unable to equalise, but they have shown they are a team to be reckoned with this year despite their unfortunate opening appearance.
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Group G
Korea 1-1 Portugal
Korea and Portugal held each other to a hard-fought but deserved draw in their opening game. Korea returning to the World Cup after years away, and Portugal making their first ever appearance, this match was to be highly anticipated. Eusebio, the wonder-kid from Portugal, drew first blood in a hard-fought opening half and put Portugal ahead. The Korean side did not relent, making some fantastic attacking play combined with a firm defence to prevent Portugal from running away in the lead. Choi Myung-gon was the hero for Korea tonight after his 70th minute strike found the back of the net and levelled the score. A hard fought match where both teams leave with a point and with confidence for the remaining games.
Colombia 0-1 Czechoslovakia
1962 Runners-up Czechoslovakia open their campaign with a win over South American hopefuls Colombia. Colombia looked to be on form after a series of disappointing results in past tournaments, but were unable to overcome the strong Czechoslovak side. The first half remained level as the Colombians looked to gain an advantage with some aggressive and skilful play, but were unable to shake the strong foundation of the Czechoslovakian team. Captain Svatopluk Pluskal ended the deadlock in the 65th minute with a freekick to the top right corner, sending the Europeans ahead. The match ended disappointingly for the South Americans, who will have it all to do in their next game with Portugal.
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Group H
South Africa 1-1 Poland
Poland were frustrated by debutants South Africa and held to a bitter 1-1 draw. The Polish side were stunned by an early goal by August Makalakalane who sent South Africa into an early lead. The African side then focused entirely on defence, fearing a swift Polish response, and held their lead for the remainder of the first half. As the second half played on, the inexperienced South African side began to buckle under the weight of exhaustion and fatigue, which allowed Jan Liberda to equalise in the 79th minute. Not the start Poland hoped for and a potentially wasted opportunity for South Africa.
Japan 0-1 Hungary
Hungary opened their campaign with a win but a hard-fought one over Japan. The Hungarians are hungry for their first title after being the dominant European side for over 20 years, where Japan are entering the World Cup for the first time after years in the International Football wilderness. The first half remained level but definitely fell in favour of the Hungarians, who looked deadly out front and were able to pick apart the Japanese midfield. The deadlock was broken shortly after the end of the first half, Ferenc Bene sending Hungary into the lead. Surprisingly, they were unable to score again as Japan fought furiously to claw back the result, but were unable to equalise. A strong start for Hungary and a promising performance from Japan.
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria
[list][list][pre]K I N G D O M O F G R E E C E • Β Α Σ Ί Λ Ε Ι Ο Τ Η Σ Ε Λ Λ Ά Δ Α Σ[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][list]THE KYPROS QUESTION : THE ANSWER TO THE RINGING CHALLENGE OF TURKISH PRESIDENT ECEVIT [/list][/list][/list]
[list][list][sub]THE INEXORABLE DESTINY OF ENOSIS, Adriatican Islands[/list]
[list][list]JUNE, 1966[/sub][/list][/list]
| The 'Kypros ( Cyprus ) Question' for many Hellenes was solved a year ago when the Kingdom of Greece and the now defunct Republic of Cyprus had united under a process called Enosis. This resulted in Greece assuming full control of Cyprus, now Kypros, and its citizens, now Greek citizens. This move however angered the Turkish government ( The Kemalist Republic Of Turkiye ) in Ankara, with the newly elected President of Türkiye, Bülent Ecevit, citing for what was for many, a diplomatic protest against Enosis. President Ecevit in his speech incited Türkiye's concern over the 20% Turkish population on Kypros, citing concerns for their safety, autonomy and other means of livelihood. Indeed, the dictatorship in Athens led by King Constantine II did not take this lightly, with the Greek people having a negative view of Ecevit's concerns, along with his urges to challenge the Greek government over Kypros. The 'ringing challenge' for Athens was President Ecevit's threat of Türkiye's 'patience' going out, and that any rejection of an agreement would usher a 'swift and decisive answer'. For the King of the Hellenes, Constantine II, the diplomatic solution to Kypros had already been solved, after all, Turks on the island had been granted some form of autonomy, however, it wasn't full autonomy, which the King silently admitted. |
[list][list][pre]"Οι Τούρκοι δεν έχουν κανένα δικαίωμα στο νησί μας. Η Κύπρος είναι τώρα ελληνικό έδαφος, είναι μια περιοχή της Ελλάδας που αποκτήθηκε νόμιμα μέσω διπλωματικού δημοψηφίσματος μεταξύ Ελλάδας και Κύπρου το 1965, ένα δημοψήφισμα που εγκρίθηκε και από τις δύο κυβερνήσεις και ένα δημοψήφισμα που εγκρίθηκε από το μεγαλύτερο μέρος του πληθυσμού. Αυτό που ακολουθεί τώρα μπορεί να είναι μια σκληρή δοκιμασία για τους Τούρκους της Κύπρου, ωστόσο, εμείς διασφαλίζουμε την ασφάλεια και την ευημερία τους ως πολίτες της Ελλάδας και είναι νομική μας υποχρέωση να το κάνουμε."[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]”The Turks have no right to our island [Kypros/Cyprus]. Kypros is now Greek territory, it is a region of Greece which was legally obtained via a diplomatic referendum between Greece and Cyprus in 1965, a referendum approved by both governments and a referendum approved by most of the population. What follows now may be a hard trial for the Turks on Kypros, however, we ensure their safety and wellbeing as citizens of Greece, and it is our legal obligation to do so.”[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][list][pre]- King of Greece, CONSTANTINE II[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
| The King's statement was broadcasted all across Greece, eventually reaching President Ecevit in Ankara — a diplomatic response to the statement has not yet been received. The statement had officially denounced Türkiye's right to the island, Kypros would remain a part of Greece. The King was indeed however open to a diplomatic solution, however, mediated, preferably by the United Kingdom ( Great Britain Gb ) or the United States ( Paramountica ), which hold great influence in both Greece and Türkiye, and on Kypros especially, where the British have military bases. The King made it clear however that no major Greek concessions would be made, and that this was merely a solution to solve issues for the benefit of the Turks on Kypros, not for the Turkish government in Ankara. |
| In an act of goodwill and statesmanship, and an 'answer' to Ecevit's challenge, the Greek government sent an invitation to Ankara, requesting for a diplomatic meeting to be held in Thessaloniki, to help mediate the situation, and to break the ice. The meeting in Thessaloniki, should it go well, would establish Ankara's initial demands for any agreement on Kypros, and did not serve as a permanent solution to the issue. After all, both the Kingdom of Greece and the Republic of Türkiye were stalwart NATO allies, and both anti-communist nations, therefore a peaceful solution to the 'Kypros Question' would not only benefit Greece and Türkiye, but the NATO alliance itself. |
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
[/list][/list]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Le Equatoria
JULY , 1966
" The Highlight Of Modern Bruneian Culture "
| President, Hadif Rayyan would commission to [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=rmb/postid=53776433]Rhyan Saige[/URL], the pegawai of culture. To begin getting designs for a new dress, that would be the highlight of "modern Bruneian culture", as the dress would need to be designed as inclusive as possible, without getting to many hard-line ethnic nationalist angry. |
| The dress would go through a series of draft designs, before it was settled on two designs. One would be a formal version, and the other design would be a more casual version. [U]Rhyan Saige would report back on the two designs he had finalised, for the president to then make any decisions before the designs would go public. It would be codified into law, that;
[List][I]" The wearing of the formal iteration of the Panjang Sesuai dress, within the context of a non formal event. Is considered a minor offence and could lead a short, 1 week prison sentence, or pay a fee of 100 Bruneian dollars "[/I] |[/list]
| The dress, in its formal iteration would have:
[List][I]i. A tight-fitting top
ii. Adopted from the baju kurung, it has a sarong (skirt). The sarong itself is worn with ikatan ombak mengalun, which is a wavy-style fold. These folds can be seen on the left or right side of the sarong
iii. A pair of high side slits reaching thigh level
Short sleeves, reaching the middle of the biceps
adopts the mandarin collar from the Qipao
Adopted from the Qipao, it has an asymmetric closure which runs from the central collar across the top area of the chest to the armhole curing down to the right side. In Chinese clothing culture, the overlap on the right side is known as youren.
iv. Edged with piping, at the collar and the closure
v. Adopts the marik empang/tangu from the Ngepan Indu ( the Iban women, traditional clothing )
vi. Adopted from the Baju kurung, the Kain Dagang, is used as a veil when outdoor. This cloth is used to protect oneself from the scorching sun. When indoor, Kain Dagang will be tied around the waist, or resting on the shoulder, or tied diagonally across from one shoulder to the hip
vii. Black in colour, with yellow piping
viii. Plain design, lacking any excess detailing[/I]
|[/List]
| The casual iteration of the dress would only differ with it:
[List][I]i. lacking the slits
ii. being sleeveless
iii. Allowing expression of seamsters, and seamstresses personal taste, and skills. By granting them the freedom of using any colour they want, as well as adding any additional details they wanna throw on[/I]
|[/List]
| The dress would be publicly revealed to the public through the usage of newspapers, as well as magazines. With [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=rmb/postid=53731373] Rendahati-Radhi Urfan Danish[/URL] being given a task, to illustrate the dress, based of the description provided on its intended appearance. The image would then be printed, and sold at stores which sells necessities for seamsters/seamstresses. Which is hope would ignite a spark of inspiration for them to make those dresses, which would then be sold on the common market. Which could then be photographed to add real photos of those dresses in magazines, and newspapers instead of relying on Urfan Danish illustrations. |
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Le Equatoria, Zingium
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
THE GROUP STAGES (PART 2)
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The second round of matches at the World Cup are over and already we see drama brewing in the Group Stages. We've seen shocks in the first round that have emerged into early exits by some of the tournaments finest teams, and the creation of tense final matches with teams battling for the all-important to spots to qualify for knockout stages. Here are the latest highlights of the FIFA World Cup.
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Group A
England 2-0 Mexico
The hosts continue their winning ways, picking up another 3 points and guaranteeing their place in the knockout round, whilst Mexico leave tonight knowing that their World Cup hopes now lie in the balance of the final match. England looked dominant in the early stages of the match and solidified their position with a 38th minute goal by Bobby Charlton to send the hosts into the lead to the roar of the English fans. Although the Mexican side looked far more determined than in their previous match, it wasn't enough to stem the tide of the English forwards, who made it 2-0 with a superb goal from Roger Hunt in the 75th minute. England can go into their final match confident of their place in the next round, whilst Mexico will need to rely on skill and luck to make the most of their chances.
Morocco 1-2 Benelux
The tables turned on the early winners Morocco as Benelux find their feet in the Group Stages to pick up a well-deserved win. After a difficult first match which saw their strong performance diminished by an England goal, van Himst opened up the scoring in the 42nd minute to send Benelux ahead in this all-important tie. Morocco were not so keen on losing their second match, and responded with a fantastic strike in the 46th minute to level the tie, El Filali scoring his first international goal on the biggest stage of all. However, the Moroccan comeback was not to be as Klaas Nuninga secured a second goal for Benelux in the 79th. Both teams still have the chance to qualify for the next round, but it's going to be tense as we head into the final matches.
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Group B
Italy 2-0 Bulgaria
Italy secure their spot in the knockout stages with an emphatic win over Bulgaria. Despite their strong opening performance, the Bulgarian side looked overwhelmed and bewildered by the superior Italian side, who held a majority of possession and created almost double the chances that the Bulgarians could muster. Meroni scored first in the 14th minute after relentless assault on the Bulgarian defence, followed by Juliano scoring again the 55th minute to send Italy through to the next round. Bulgaria will be looking for a strong finish against Australia in their next game to advance, but for Italy, its all but confirmed they will be advancing to the next round.
Costa Rica 0-1 Australia
Costa Rica fail to salvage their campaign as they fall victim to Australia's first ever World Cup victory. The two debutants were expected to have a close match, with Costa Rica emerging as early favourites due to their aggressive, forward-thinking play in the first half. However, the Australian side have already proven to be strong defensively, nearly holding Italy to a draw in their first match, and this was responded to by a strike from Pearson to send Australia ahead in the 69th minute. Australia held on to their lead until the final whistle and were rewarded with a chance to advance to the next round. Costa Rica still have a chance, although slim, and will have it all to do in the next game.
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Group C
Brazil 2-1 Spain
In one of the most anticipated games of the Group Stages, the World Champions Brazil came out on top against the European Champions Spain in one of the most impressive displays of football we've seen so far. Both teams entered the game as equals, both picking up wins in their first match, and both matched on performances in recent games outside of the World Cup. It was Spain that took control of the first half with convincing play to ensure they kept the pressure on the reigning champions. Spanish captain Suarez broke the deadlock with a goal in the 35th minute, sending Spain into the lead and worrying the Brazilian side. However, as the second half began, the tables turned and the Brazilians leapt into action. Despite an intensely difficult stand from the Spanish defenders, Pele found his way through in the 72nd minute to equalise and bring Brazil back into contention. It was looking all square at Villa Park until a late goal from Zito ended Spain's hopes and confirmed Brazils place in the next round. Spain still have a strong chance of qualifying for the next round but they cannot afford mistakes like today.
Sudan 4-2 Iran
In what has been described as a contender for match of the tournament, Sudan take their first World Cup win in triumphant fashion over Iran in a 6-goal thriller. Both sides entered the tournament for the first time, and Iran was expected to make some waves in the competition after a successful qualifying campaign. Sudan, a country which is currently in the throes of internal turmoil, was not expected by the bookies to make an impression. Iran opened up the scoring after a clumsy challenge lead to a penalty, which was neatly slotted away by Sharafi to give Iran the advantage. However, within a minute of the restart, Omer Osman struck to equalise for Sudan, nullifying the penalty and the Iranian advantage. Just before the first half whistle blew, Jaksa Abbas made it 2-1 with a header from a cross to give Sudan the advantage heading into the second half. Iran struggled to find the equaliser in the early stages of the second half but were eventually rewarded when a shot from outside the box saw Ghelichkhani level the score. Sudan wasted no time on the counter attack to regain the lead in the 68th minute, and by the 70th Osman made it 4-2, taking advantage of the poor Iranian defensive play. Sudan will have tough job in the next round but if they can hold on, with a bit of luck, they may cause one of the great upsets of the tournament so far.
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Group D
Soviet Union 0-0 Yugoslavia
We experienced our first goalless draw of the tournament thus far at Ayresome Park in Middlesbrough, between group favourites Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union. Both teams seemed evenly matched on paper and proved so during the match. Despite a lot of chances and some strong counter-attacks, neither side could break the deadlock, a fact that became evident with the amount of fouls committed during the game, the highest of the tournament so far. Both sides claim a point from the match but they undoubtedly should have hoped for more from this all important game.
Andes 1-0 Zaire
Zaire become our first eliminated from the World Cup after a bitter loss to the Andes. The African minnows entered the match hoping to maximise their points from the game and ensure that they could still have a chance to qualify for the next round. However, they were unable to capitalise on their first half dominance and some poorly timed shots caused frustration for the many fans that had travelled distance to come and see their team at the peak of football. Although the Zairean side held on for as long as they could, they were eventually broken by the Andes, Escobar scoring in the 79th minute to flip the advantage and send Zaire out of the World Cup. The Andes will have a tough time against the Soviet Union in their final games and will need to hope for a miracle between Zaire and Yugoslavia in order to advance.
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Group E
West Germany 1-0 Norden
West Germany secure their spot in the knockout stages with a convincing but difficult win over main rival Norden. The Nordic side were considered equal to the Germans heading into the match but it became quickly apparent that West Germany were on top of the game from the start. This fact was confirmed when Haller scored first for the Germans in the 24th minute to give them the lead. The Germans were unable to increase their advantage owing to the strong Nordic defence, looking to make up for their earlier mistakes. However, the Nordic side were unable to equalise due to fantastic play from the West Germans, lead by Beckenbauer, who dominated possession and left Norden with few chances. West Germany advance to the knockout stages, and leave Norden with a strong chance to advance ahead of their next match.
Honduras 0-0 Saudi Arabia
It was all square at White City Stadium, after bitterly disappointing opening set of matches for both sides, Honduras and Saudi Arabia leave with a point apiece and no goals scored as they prepare for their final matches. This match was a chance for both sides to take some points and put themselves in a strong position for the final stages but neither side were able to capitalise on the match. Although the Saudi side were tactically superior, the Honduran play was simply too aggressive for there to be any breakthrough. Despite this, both sides are still in a position to qualify for the next round but will have to face the group leaders in their final matches.
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Group F
Argentina 2-0 United Arab Republic
Despite a strong opening performance against France, the UAR were unable to replicate their performance as they fell to a superior Argentina side that book themselves a spot in the knockout stages. The first half of the match was fairly even, though tilted in favour of the Argentines as they dominated play for the first 45 minutes. The UAR struggled to find any chances to breach the Argentine defence, but were similarly strong in their defence to prevent any early Argentine goals. However, the second half proved to be different, with the advantage firmly in the hands of Argentina, who scored their first in the 65th minute by Rojas to give them the lead. They then doubled this in the 84th, with Ferreiro striking to send Argentina to the top of the group and through to the next round.
France 1-1 United States
France were again shocked by the United States as they were held to a draw and made to play against the tide in their second match. Although the French side were on paper superior, the first half was firmly in the hands of the Americans, and proved difficult from any French attack to make it past the solid midfield of the US. America's resolve was eventually rewarded with Ed Murphy's first World Cup goal in the 44th minute to send the Americans ahead, much to shock of the fans at Wembley Stadium. As the second half began, the French side looked far more competent as they pushed deeper into the US half. Despite some failed chances they eventually secured an equaliser in the 78th minute, Sauvage claiming the scrappy header from a corner. France will need to beat Argentina in their next game to advance and they will need to hope that the US holds the UAR to a draw or better.
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Group G
Czechoslovakia 0-1 Korea
Korea pull off yet another shock in this World Cup as they beat the 1962 Runners-up Czechoslovakia. The Czechoslovak side were the easy favourites of the group but Korea have proven they deserve a spot in the next round after their performance. It was clear from the whistle that the Czechoslovakians were the dominant side, but an impressive defence play from Korea meant that they were unable to open the scoring, with the match level heading into the second half. As the match progressed, the statistics still showed Czechoslovakia were the stronger side, but it all ended in the 77th minute, with a fantastic strike from Pak Doo-ik sending Korea into the lead, a lead which they maintained for the rest of the match. The Korean fans at Hillsborough went wild at the final whistle and stormed the pitch to celebrate with the team. Even though this doesn't confirm Korea's place in the next round, it is surely a memorable day in Korean football.
Portugal 3-2 Colombia
Portugal secure their first ever World Cup win and send hopefuls Colombia tumbling out of the World Cup in an action-packed 5-goal thriller. Colombia were looking to make amends for their poor performance in the first match against Czechoslovakia, and opened up their scoring within 2 minutes, the fastest of the tournament so far, Valencia being the one to set the tournament record. Colombia seemed poised to take the advantage but were overcome by the sheer talent of Portugal's Eusebio who levelled the score in the 23rd minute. Both sides played with charisma and skill for a tight first half which would see both teams equal. The second half began and disaster would strike for the Colombians. Lourenco put Portugal ahead in the 60th minute after 15 minutes of strong attacking play from the Europeans, and to the horror of the Colombian fans, Segrera scored the first own-goal of the tournament to put Portugal ahead by two goals. The own-goal shook the foundation of the Colombian side, sending the fans into disbelief. Antonio Rada made efforts to bring the score back at the 70th minute, but was unable to level the tie at the final whistle. Portugal are now prime to advance to the next round, but Colombia must face the bitter failure of elimination.
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Group H
Hungary 4-1 South Africa
Hungary book their ticket to the knockout stages after a dominant performance against South Africa. The Hungarian side opened up scoring in the 8th minute after overwhelming the South African defence, Sipos sending the Europeans ahead. South Africa answered in the 21st minute, with home hero Makalakalane securing his second goal of the tournament with an impressive display to level the score. However, it proved to be inconsequential as the Hungarians went ahead again in the 34th minute to secure their lead into the second half. The exhausted South Africa side were unable to prevent further goals with Sovari making it 3-1 in the 50th minute. The play calmed following the establishment of a comfortable lead, though more chances came the way of South Africa, with a would-be goal ruled off-side in a decision that caused drama on the pitch. Hungary ended the match with a final 88th minute from Varge to send them through, and put South Africa in a difficult place for the final match.
Poland 0-2 Japan
Japan became the second Asian side to cause an upset against the Europeans, taking a well earned and shocking victory against Poland in their second match. Japan started with a defeat to Hungary but secured their lead against the Poles in the 10th minute, Yaegashi being the one to score Japan's first ever World Cup goal. The first half fell into the hands of the Japanese, who extended their lead in the 42nd with a goal from Watanabe they give them a comfortable lead heading into the second half. The Japanese seemed to falter in the second half, with Poland seeking to regain the advantage. Aggressive play was met with firm defence as the Poles were unable to take the advantage. Japan are now poised to enter the knockout stages in their first ever World Cup, and Poland will need to impress against rivals Hungary in order to proceed.
Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Nippon-Nihon, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Bobertzimburg, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list]
Июль
1 9 6 6
[list]
[sub]UZBEK SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC
Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси[/sub][/list][/list]
| VORY V ZAKONE, RASHIDOV'S MAFIA |
[list][sub][sup]Tashkent, Uzbek SSR[/sub][/sup]
[list][sub]| As the aftermath of disaster had set, the once vibrant Tashkent, embroiled in its destruction and ruins, found itself in a new struggle. With destruction widespread, many services and commodities became scarce, and demand soon outgrew supply. In this context, the First-Secretary of the Uzbek Communist Party Sharaf Rashidov found himself in need of a quick solution. To this he sought out a bit of an unconventional path, that of dealing with Soviet Ubzekistan's shadowy clandestine underground. The Vory v Zakone, or Thieves-in-Law. |[/sub]
[sub]| Uzbekistan's Vory v Zakone finds its roots in even the pre-Soviet days, specifically in the chaos of the 1917 revolution where it quickly grew to gain large swaths of influence and authority. The establishment of the Soviet Union however drove it underground, where it soon took on a new character. Like Georgia, UzSSR's criminal underground soon found itself to be formed out of professional criminals, tsekhoviks (illegal factory owners) and corrupt officials, where to compensate for the unavailability of consumer goods, Uzbek criminals would manufacture it under the oversight of corrupt party officials. Lately made more powerful by Kosygin's liberal reforms, which allowed for even more freedom for a shadow economy to develop in the background as factory owners soon found their surpluses used in aiding these Thieves-in-Law. |[/sub]
[sub]| Sharaf Rashidov had been aware, and in fact tolerated, most of this enterprise. It had allowed him to provide a higher quality of life to most Uzbeks as access to consumer goods and light industry was easier, and it allowed Rashidov to siphon off more resources from the central government under the guise of justifying this increase of consumer goods by having built more and more factories. For Rashidov, this criminal network of corrupt party officials and professional criminals also provided the dual purpose of maintaining a large base of support within those amongst officials and being able to control the streets and crime through his connections to the underground. |[/sub]
[sub]| These connections were especially vital during Rashidov's year of exile, where his connections allowed him to maintain a level of influence in both party and state. It was eventually these connections which also helped bring him back to leadership, as increased criminal activity (at the approval of Rashidov) was one of the reasons cited at removing the post-Rashidov leadership which had took power, with accusations of instability and being unable to 'enforce order' being one of the main reasons for their removals. |[/sub]
[sub]| Ultimately, these connections have once again came back, with Rashidov's allowing these 'Thieves-in-Law' of filling in the gaps where the party hasn't been able to. However it is a tough line to balance, with the mafia perhaps being too emboldened and the balance of power swinging away from Rashidov. |[/sub]
Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Sport-Internationale, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Hello everyone!
Bobertzimburg
[list]1966년 07월 12일
[sub]Constitutional Court Ruling[/sub][/list]
[list][sub]Constitutional Court Declares Faction Threshold Unconstitutional[/sub][/list]
[sub]SEOUL, Rutannia[/sub]
| Several weeks ago the Democratic Republican Party lodged a legal challenge against the minimum number of Assembly Members required to form a grouping in the National Assembly. The number of required AMs according to the rules and procedures was set at twenty, political parties have loaned each other Assembly Members in order to reach the quota. The Democratic Republicans argued in the challenge that this was not always possible, with their leader Chung Il-kwon arguing in court that he was ‘unable to properly represent his constituents and voters properly’ largely due to the ‘lack of speaking time and the lack of funding meaning he was unable to properly attend face-to-face meetings as he was busy keeping on top of letters’. |
| The case itself was lodged several months ago, before the merger of the KNP and NDP which saw the Democratic Republicans reach the required threshold through defections. However the party continued to pursue the case believing it was something that would affect all political parties possibly entering the National Assembly, although many pointed to the fact they would be unlikely to hold all the seats at the next election thus dropping below the quota again. In the National Assembly several long debates were held with the different sides arguing out over how to set the quota. Chun Doo-hwan, a backbench AM for the National Democrats argued that the threshold kept politics ‘clean and efficient’ while still ‘allowing all voters to be heard’, Chun has become renowned for his vision of a ‘clean politics' and keeping the status quo. Formerly the Chief Civil Affairs Officer under the Council for Reconstruction he has built himself a reputation as a hardliner in the party, but fiercely loyal to Park’s vision. |
| Following successive court battles led by the DRP, the case was eventually referred to the Constitutional Court of Korea. The court is made up of nine judges; three appointed by the Prime Minister; three by the National Assembly, the remaining three by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Korea. (Their terms last for six years and are renewable, however only one justice has attempted to renew their term since the court's founding.) The court is fiercely independent despite the method of appointment, guided by years of work throughout the justice system. The deliberation itself took several weeks of hearings by both sides; with the court eventually ruling six to three that the threshold was unconstitutional. Shortly afterwards the National Assembly then voted to introduce a quota of fifteen seats in order to form a political faction however this was further challenged by both the PeopleÂ’s Party and the Democratic Republicans once again. |
| The Constitutional Court after weeks of more hearings in the case lodged by the PeopleÂ’s Party and DRP has now declared that the quota of fifteen seats is also unconstitutional. It marks the first time that the court has struck down two items in a matter of months. Following this announcement, the Speaker of the National Assembly made a surprise intervention inviting the leaders of all political parties to meet in order to find an appropriate quota for funding and speaking time in the chamber. This first meeting will take place in a few days time, and will likely be dragged out over several weeks before a unanimous decision can be made. Meanwhile the Constitutional Court is still considering the case brought forward by the minor Farmers Party and Chondoist Chongu Party alleging that the five percent threshold required to win proportional seats is unconstitutional, a decision on this will take far longer due to its implications and effect on politics, although a decision will more than likely be made before the next scheduled election in 1969. |
| Following the two rulings there is no quota for forming a faction in the National Assembly and thus all political parties in the National Assembly now receive funding for their staffing and equal speaking time proportional to their share of seats in the chamber, it is likely that the agreed quota for factions will be set at between 5-10 seats due to the fact the PeopleÂ’s Party currently sit at thirteen with the Democratic Republicans polling at a level that would see them drop to a similar number compared to the current twenty-one seats they hold. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Sport-Internationale, Poland1St, Bobertzimburg, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Greetingssss all!
hands out chocolate shakes.
Bobertzimburg
[list][list][list][pre]RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
FRENCH BUREAUCRACY
MINISTÈRE DES AFFAIRES ÉTRANGÈRES[/pre][/list]
______
FRENCH FOREIGN MINISTRY: LE GRAND CHARLES TOUR MAKES SURPRISING DETOUR TRIP TO ROMANIA TO STRENGTHEN DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS
[sub]VTH FRENCH REPUBLIC | PARIS—BUCHAREST, SEPTEMBER 1966[/sub][/list]
[sub]| HELM OF DIPLOMACY, MINISTÈRE DES AFFAIRES ÉTRANGÈRES - | When embarking on a global tour, any elderly citizen must budget time for leisure. Charles de Gaulle took a break last week as the Senior Citizen of France in its island departments in the blue Pacific, drawing closer to the end of an odyssey that started two months ago in glorious Moscow. He mainly limited himself to an affable address in Coconut Square while in Nouméa, the capital of New Caledonia in the Coral Sea. Next, he landed at the odd condominium of the New Hebrides, which has been jointly administered by the British and the French since 1906. Without missing a beat, De Gaulle exclaimed, "Vive la France, vive le Royaume Uni!" alongside British officials wearing pith hats and French officials wearing pristine kepis.[/sub]
[sub]In Tahiti, the Polynesian paradise, le grand tourist truly relaxed. Sitting on a navy cutter in Papeete Bay, De Gaulle balanced his spectacles on his large nose while beautiful Polynesian females in outrigger canoes passed by. The General tried every specialty at a tamaaraa, a traditional Tahitian feast, including breadfruit, roasted bananas in coconut cream sauce, and spinach with pig from earthen ovens. He dove headfirst into happy crowds everywhere he went, shaking hands with a mix of delight and gravity. In response, he was often showered in leis and given the royal treatment by dark-haired native beauties. At a luncheon, De Gaulle sadly said, "It's coming to an end," to the amusement of the local mayor. It had to, after all, as the French President had one last tourist item on his schedule: observing the detonation of a French nuclear bomb suspended from a balloon over the French test site at Mururoa. At the conclusion of the week, De Gaulle wanted to cap off his visit with a bang, if the prevailing winds held true, before departing for Guadeloupe, then onto Romania, and then finally home to Paris. De Gaulle's unsuspected detouring through Eastern Europe before returning to France came as somewhat of a "shocker" to press individuals. However recent diplomatic dealings and warming relations with the USSR had led to a domino effect throughout much of the Eastern Bloc. This held evermore so true for the pre-WW2 Francophile nation of the Kingdom of Romania; now the Socialist Republic of Romania. [/sub]
[sub]In a grand arrival, President De Gaulle received one of the warmest welcomes of any Western leader since Romania pivoted towards socialism. De Gaulle's aircraft was escorted by five MIG fighters to its landing at the newly opened Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport. The general disembarked wearing his preferred khakis and kepis as the Romanian military band detaché began playing La Marseillaise. The thousands of Romanian "workers" gathered to welcome De Gaulle yelled "Vive la France!" as he strolled among them and shook hands. On the ride through Bucharest to the People's Palace, De Gaulle and General Secretary Constantin Rotaru stood and waved from the open-topped Renault Suprastella motorcade as thousands lined the streets cheering. The route to the People's Palace where De Gaulle was scheduled to have dinner with Comrade Constantin Rotaru was lined by over 500,000 Romanians waving paper Romanian and French tricolors and shouting "Vive De Gaulle! Vive Rotaru!". Upon arrival, the guest of honour fanfare continued with the Romanian Securitate Troops parading the colors of Romania and France as the anthems of both nations was played by another military band detaché. De Gaulle was then escorted to a spacious apartment within the vast People's Palace. "I am working hard to see the wounds of the cold war healed and, at least as far as France is concerned, a beginning of new relations toward cooperation, harmony, and friendship with the East European states," De Gaulle declared after a stately dinner of caviar, Chiftele meatballs, and Alivenci corn and cheese pie. "France's principal goal is still to reestablish Europe as a fertile totality rather than one that is immobilized by a sterile division of simple ideology," he continued.[/sub]
[sub]De Gaulle was quite pleased to inform Comrade Rotaru that the French automotive giant, Renault had agreed to build a new plant in Romania and set up operations under a subgroup firm named S.C. Automobile Dacia S.A. and had already received a contract for 45,000 autobodies. This deal with the Romanian state comes just a month after the signing of the deal in which Renault has agreed to expand Moscow's Moskvich automobile plant. For Romania, Renault will be a key factor in developing the nations automobile sector and giving the Romanian workers and state officials an affordable, yet luxurious and adaptable car. The French and Romanian delegations also agreed to establish scientific and technical cooperation. Following yet another successful meeting with a former Eastern Bloc adversary, President De Gaulle disembarked Romania for the long awaited trip back to Paris. | [/sub]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]VIVE LA RÉPUBLIQUE!
VIVE LA FRANCE!
VIVE LÂ’EMPIRE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐅𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐄
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Holy Vatican City States, Vancouver Straits, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Sport-Internationale, Poland1St, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Student Protests Escalate Into Mutiny As Police and Army Join Riots in Dar Es Salaam: British/Tanzanian Forces Quell Mutiny
June 29 - July 15, 1966
Following the conclusion of the First Five-Year Plan, and President NyerereÂ’s vocal denunciation of the party, collectivization, and redistributive policies, the TANU began to plot against the Presidency and Legislature. They would do this through the student movement, the Dar Es Salaam Student Council (DESSC). The DESSC were among the most radical fervent Communists in the TANU. Oftentimes I come from middle-class families that had secured party funding and scholarships to enter college. Dar Es Salaam University itself was known as a breeding ground for leftist thought, especially Maoism, and African Socialism. They were also heavily influenced by black nationalism, with Malcolm X himself having visited.
The time the group would choose to strike would be the passage of a controversial conscription law that would allow students to be conscripted. Using this as a springboard, the DESSC would begin to protest against not only the law but Nyerere himself. They called for his resignation and the removal of the entire government. The DESSC argued that Africans should not be expected to die for their nation while Whites and Asians got rich off of the land that belonged to Africans.
Initially, the protests had been largely unsuccessful. This would change; however, with the usage of preventative detention laws to arrest student leaders and party members. While many citizens supported the government, the preventative detention of young students who hadn't done anything strictly against the law caused opinion to rapidly shift.
The Dominos Fall: Army and Police Refuse Arrests
Owing to what many increasingly came to see as illegal actions, the police and army refused to make any further arrests of students.
Eventually, the police and guards refused any new orders from the government, leaving Dar Es Salaam in the hands of increasingly agitated students, and armed men. The riots turned into full-scale mutiny over the capital city.
President Nyerere would unfortunately have to call upon the British.
The Dominos Smashed: Anglo-Tanzania Forces Restore Order
The British still had a sizeable presence left over in Tanzania. Despite his avowed African Nationalism, the president kept the British close. A contingent of British Commandos aboard the British Commando Carrier Albion. This contingent was from the 45 Royal Marines under the command of Lt Colonel, F.C.E Bye. The group would land outside Dar Es Salaam where they would lead Tanzanian soldiers to retake the capital with a level of surgical precision to avoid civilian casualties.
Despite this, one city barracks was destroyed by an anti-tank weapon after commandos opened fire on holed-up soldiers.
After the arrival of the British, and none-mutinous soldiers, the students, police, and guards began surrendering en masse. Even civilians had turned against the rioters once they began to escalate in violence, and the city slipped into chaos.
With the city falling back into line, the British Marines would stay and help occupy it for a few weeks before moving on. For Nyerere though, he would begin retribution against the TANU, Army, and Police.
Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Sport-Internationale, Poland1St, Bobertzimburg, Le Equatoria
18 , JULY , 1966
Bandar Tutong, Brunei - Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Trust The Process: First Contact
| President Hadif Rayyan, would meet knock on the door of the current home of the former sultan, Zainal Abidin II bin Zahier Al Hafiz the current head of the Hetua dynasty. The president came to meet with the former sultan, to make a request. The president would say to the ex-sultan;
[List][I]" I want you, your highness. To make a journey to our fellow Malay country, Malaysia to try and begin negotiations with the Malaysian government. So that Brunei and Malaysia could become a singular country, under the Malaysian banner. "[/I][/list]
The sultan would ask:
[List][I]" What am I getting out of is. The last I can remember you removed me and my family from our royal heritage in your [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=rmb/postid=52767801] Tiada Politik Bill [/URL] "[/I][/list]
The president would give a slight chuckle before making his offer:
[List][I]" What about this. You do as I had requested earlier, and if successful I'll restore the Hetua dynasty, as constitutional monarchs of Brunei. With an actual say in government instead of just being figureheads, like before. "[/I][/list]
The two men, would then shake hands. Before proceeding to solidify their agreement, with their signatures on a contract. |
| The next day, the president would meet with the ex-sultan to give him some news. With the news being that, after some talks with lower government officials within the Malaysian government. They managed to get a meeting settled, in which the ex-sultan is being used to represent Brunei, to whomever the Malaysian prime minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman is sending. The location they'll be meeting would be in the Malaysian capital, Kuala Lumpur. |
| Arriving at Malaysia, the ex-sultan would meet with deputy prime minister Datuk Abdul Razak. Abdul Razak would ask Zainal Abidin:
[List][I]" Why does the president of Brunei, wishes to talk with the prime minister. The last time we checked, the president of Brunei is a military leader to claimed power through a violent [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=rmb/postid=52759404]coup[/URL]. "[/I][/list]
Zainal Abidin would explain, to the deputy prime minister:
[List][I]" The president just wishes for unification with the Malaysian Federation. There's nothing more to it. "[/I][/list]
Abdul Razak with both a speculative look, in his eyes but still intrigued by what the ex-sultan said. Pressed forward with the conversation:
[List][I]" Why. What benefits the president attain by having Brunei gain Malaysian statehood. If anything it limits him. "[/I][/list]
Zainal Abidin thought to himself before hearing a slight cough from Abdul Razak. Zainal Abidin would say:
[List][I]" While I may not know the reasoning behind his decision. I'm sure that if you could get Tunku Abdul Rahman, to agree to talk with the president. [B]Face to face, the president would explain why. "[/I][/list]
Abdul Razak judging the ex-sultan. Finally responds:
[List][I]" I'll try and get the prime minister to, agree, and talk with your president. "[/I] |[/list]
| Abdul Razak would meet with Tunku Abdul Rahman, and explain the entire brief meeting to the prime minister. To the delight of Tunku Abdul Rahman ears as he hears this news. Tunku Abdul Rahman with a big smile on his face would say to Abdul Razak:
[List][I]" I've initially wanted for Brunei to enter the Malaysian union, back when it called itself Maziya but it never got to materialise due to the fact that the military took over the democratic government. But if the military junta government, wants to enter the union. We should take advantage of this window of opportunity to add Brunei into our union of Malay states. "[/I] |[/list]
| Abdul Razak would get on a ship, and meet with president Hadif Rayyan at the Bruneian capital of Bandar Tutong. Abdul Razak would see the president, saluting at a navy officer, before the president went and greet him [I](Abdul Razak)[/I]. The president would walk around with Abdul Razak, before requesting for a [I]rickshaw[/I] to tour them around a small part of Bandar Tutong. Abdul Razak would explain to the president that, prime minister Tunku Abdul Rahman, has agreed to begin talks with him [I](Hadif Rayyan)[/I], on the entry of Brunei into the Malaysian Federation. Hadif Rayyan absolutely over the moon would tell Abdul Razak, to tell the Malaysian prime minister, when he [I](Abdul Razak)[/I] gets back to Malaysia. To set up a meeting point somewhere in the city of Malacca. |
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Mutawakkiliti, Sport-Internationale, Poland1St, Zingium
[list][list][sub]𝚅𝙸.1966[/sub]
[sub]IN FAVORE DELLA ENOSIS[/sub]
IN FAVOR OF ENOSIS[/list]
[list][list][pre]Rome's quiet backing of Athens.[/pre][/list][/list]
ROMA, REGNO DÂ’ITALIA
[sub]Palazzo Montecitorio
[nation=flag]Arcanda[/nation][/sub][/list]
[list]| As the question of Enosis was again raised between Greece and Turkey, Rome would take the opportunity to rally behind its Greek ally—a Greco-Italian friendship that has stood for twenty years. Rome's support would take the shape of a declaration of support and official recognition of Kypros as Greek land, using the modified nomenclature; it would be the first official recognition of Greek ownership of Kypros, and in effect a full recognition of Enosis, despite the unease provoked by the coup in '64. |
[list]"The Kingdom of Italy recognizes that Kypros, by law of referendum and popular assent, is now an integral part of the Hellenic Kingdom. Secure in the fact that Kypros is by law and by fact an inalienable part of Greece, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs however expresses its full support towards an amicable resolution of the questions raised by the Republic of Turkey concerning Turkish Kypriots, and offers its modest mediation."
[list][sub]— Communique of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Amintore Fanfani.[/sub][/list][/list]
[list][list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty[/sub]
EVVIVA L'ITALIA!
—]
[nation]Adriatican Islands[/nation]
[nation]Al-Oman[/nation]
[nation]Amsterwald[/nation]
[nation]Arcanda[/nation]
[nation]Brazil Toucan[/nation]
[nation]Cascadla[/nation]
[nation]Cheezaslovakia[/nation]
[nation]Connomia[/nation]
[nation]East Germany DDR[/nation]
[nation]Great Britain GB[/nation]
[nation]Greater Kurdistane[/nation]
[nation]Israelli[/nation]
[nation]Kewtpuff[/nation]
[nation]Kotakuan II[/nation]
[nation]Ma-li[/nation]
[nation]Maziya[/nation]
[nation]Metropolitan Francais[/nation]
[nation]Neepal[/nation]
[nation]Nevbrejnovitz[/nation]
[nation]Newauroria[/nation]
[nation]New Provenance[/nation]
[nation]Nileia[/nation]
[nation]Nippon-Nihon[/nation]
[nation]OsivoII[/nation]
[nation]Paramountica[/nation]
[nation]Paseo[/nation]
[nation]Peking Zhongguo[/nation]
[nation]Pontianus[/nation]
[nation]Provenancia[/nation]
[nation]Ranponian[/nation]
[nation]Rutannia[/nation]
[nation]Saudi Arabiyah[/nation]
[nation]Socialist Democratic Republic Romania[/nation]
[nation]Spainard[/nation]
[nation]Sudesam[/nation]
[nation]Turkiye 1st[/nation]
[nation]Vancouver Straits[/nation]
[nation]Victoria Harbor[/nation]
[nation]Vietnam SV[/nation]
[nation]Virnall[/nation]
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Poland1St, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list][sub]𝚅𝙸.1966[/sub]
[sub]OLIVETTI: DI UOMINI E SISTEMI[/sub]
OLIVETTI: OF MEN AND SYSTEMS, II[/list]
[list][list][pre]The changing fortunes of Olivetti:
Towards the development of the Italian computer industry.
[/pre][/list][/list]
IVREA, PIEMONTE, REGNO DÂ’ITALIA
[sub]Casa Blu, Olivetti Corporate HQ
[nation=flag]Arcanda[/nation][/sub][/list]
[list]| How the tides have changed in just a few years for Olivetti, and especially its once-struggling computer division. Not only had the division's father, the brilliant engineer Mario Tchou, recovered from a near-lethal road accident in 1961, but the government, under the dual impulses of Premier Aldo Moro and industrialist Enrico Mattei, had organized a debt buyback and subsidies program directed at the the country's computer industry—in fact, Olivetti, and its promising division, has been the main beneficiary. Those two factors have allowed Olivetti to avoid the sale of its computer division to General Electric, and pursue its own developments relatively unscathed, no longer burdened by debts and lack of government support—indeed joining the ranks of other public-private programs across the developed world aimed at advancing computer science. Two new computer series, the Elea 6000 and 4000, have been successfully rolled out in the last two years. The Elea 6000, a 4-bits computer, has grown as a favorite of Italian universities and research centers, much like its predecessors. The Elea 4000, oriented towards business applications, has seen for its part a veritable breakthrough, most notably with a mass purchase by ENI's accounting and technical services, which prompted other companies to follow—a significant dent in IBM's market share within the country, which remains however an important competitor. Meanwhile, the compact Programma 101 calculator has also seen good sales, featuring a recognizable and public-friendly design, which has made it a favorite of smaller enterprises. |
| With increased revenue flowing in—some have termed it a golden age, as the company now aggregates talents, state subsidies, corporate interest and renewed shareholder confidence—Mario Tchou has been able to pursue various other projects, most notably the Elea 9004, developed with valuable input from the elder mathematician Mauro Picone. A first research prototype made a year ago has given good results, proving excellent at handling microprograms in the ALGOL language, thanks to a major innovation, stack-cache memory, which enables quicker and smoother execution of commands. Further developments from the Elea 9004 are expected to deliver major breakthroughs, to be reused for the next series of mass-produced Olivetti computers—smaller in size, more powerful—so that Italian computers remain relevant in the quickly-changing, highly-competitive world of electronics. |
[list][list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty[/sub]
EVVIVA L'ITALIA!
—]
[nation]Adriatican Islands[/nation]
[nation]Al-Oman[/nation]
[nation]Amsterwald[/nation]
[nation]Arcanda[/nation]
[nation]Brazil Toucan[/nation]
[nation]Cascadla[/nation]
[nation]Cheezaslovakia[/nation]
[nation]Connomia[/nation]
[nation]East Germany DDR[/nation]
[nation]Great Britain GB[/nation]
[nation]Greater Kurdistane[/nation]
[nation]Israelli[/nation]
[nation]Kewtpuff[/nation]
[nation]Kotakuan II[/nation]
[nation]Ma-li[/nation]
[nation]Maziya[/nation]
[nation]Metropolitan Francais[/nation]
[nation]Neepal[/nation]
[nation]Nevbrejnovitz[/nation]
[nation]Newauroria[/nation]
[nation]New Provenance[/nation]
[nation]Nileia[/nation]
[nation]Nippon-Nihon[/nation]
[nation]OsivoII[/nation]
[nation]Paramountica[/nation]
[nation]Paseo[/nation]
[nation]Peking Zhongguo[/nation]
[nation]Pontianus[/nation]
[nation]Provenancia[/nation]
[nation]Ranponian[/nation]
[nation]Rutannia[/nation]
[nation]Saudi Arabiyah[/nation]
[nation]Socialist Democratic Republic Romania[/nation]
[nation]Spainard[/nation]
[nation]Sudesam[/nation]
[nation]Turkiye 1st[/nation]
[nation]Vancouver Straits[/nation]
[nation]Victoria Harbor[/nation]
[nation]Vietnam SV[/nation]
[nation]Virnall[/nation]
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Poland1St, Le Equatoria, Zingium
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
THE GROUP STAGES (PART 3)
---------------------------------------
The curtain falls on the final round of group stage matches and all eyes now turn to the dreaded knockout stages as we advance to the next round of the World Cup. The final stages have seen some regulars advance as we all expected but in keeping with tradition, we've also seen some major shocks and early exits nobody could have a predicted. Here are the latest match highlights from the FIFA World Cup.
---------------------------------------
Group A
Benelux 2-2 Mexico
In a nail-biting final match, Benelux secure their spot in the Round of 16 after narrowly overcoming a resurgent Mexican team, in what will be a bitter disappointment for the American side. The match was hotly contested, both sides within reach of the next round, with Mexico knowing they had to perform or risk elimination. Padilla scored first to draw first blood and give Mexico the advantage. The Mexicans seemed inspired after their first two performances which saw them perform far below expectations. They held onto their lead into the end of the first half which undoubtedly gave the fans a renewed sense of hope. However, Benelux appeared on the offensive in the second half, pushing deeper into the Mexican half and causing their defence to work overtime. A clumsy challenge resulted in a penalty given to Benelux, expertly slotted away by Jan Verheyen to level the tie and put Benelux back into the knockout stages. Mexico did not relent, launching counter after counter against what appeared to be an unprepared side. Their efforts were rewarded when Diaz expertly slotted a shot from outside the box to the triumphant roars of the fans. It all seemed done until the final seconds, when a last ditch effort found Fons van Wissen in space and Benelux equalised, the crowd going berserk as their captain sends them through to the next round. A bitter disappointment and a World Cup to forget for Mexico.
England 1-0 Morocco
England secure their perfect start with a 1-0 victory over Morocco, the African journeymen being sent home in the first ever World Cup. Morocco were looking to cause another upset and played as such at White City Stadium, dominating the first half looking for chances. It was clear by the start of the second half that they had exhausted themselves, leaving the game firmly in English hands. In the 59th, Geoff Hurst knocked the first and only goal of the game to give England an advantage they would keep until the end of the match. The hosts go through without conceding a single goal, whereas Morocco can leave the tournament with their heads held high after a dramatic debut performance.
---------------------------------------
Group B
Australia 2-2 Bulgaria
Both teams entered as equals and both left as equals in this final Group B match, but it's Bulgaria that will see the knockout stages despite an inspired performance by the Australian side. Jim Pearson opened scoring for Australia in the 9th minute, capturing the Bulgarian defence off guard and sending them into an unexpected lead early in the match. However, the experienced Bulgarian side responded in the 31st minute, Georgi Asparuhov equalising the tie in the 31st, followed by Petar Zhekov in the 45th to finish the first half with a Bulgarian lead. Bulgaria attempted to increase their advantage in the second half but were met with stiff resistance from the Australians, who kept the pressure on the Bulgarian defence. Despite this, chances were seldom available as the ball struggled to make it past the Bulgarian back line. Australia would eventually equalise the match in the 85th, when the Bulgarians looked tired and worn-out, but the glimmer of hope for a late victory was diminished by the final whistle. A hard-fought match that could have gone the other way, but Bulgaria will advance and Australia head home in this years tournament.
Costa Rica 0-1 Italy
Italy conclude a dominant group stage with a third and final win over Costa Rica. The Italians looked to dominate the game early on, capitalising on their experience over the Central Americans. The first half remained quiet, with Italy failing to convert many chances, and Costa Rica unable to effectively counter any of the Italian moves. The second half brought around the first goal from none other than Italian star strike Juliano in the 64th minute, cementing his run to the Golden Boot at the end of the tournament. Costa Rica were unable to catch the Italians by the end of the match, sending the minnows out of the tournament and Italy through to the knockout stages.
---------------------------------------
Group C
Iran 0-1 Spain
Spain book their ticket to the next round of the tournament with a win over Iran, though not as convincingly as some would have hoped. The match appeared to be fairly even in the early stages, with Iran dominating possession in the early stages and forcing Spain on the defensive. The tide of the match indeed changed at the second half, with the Spanish midfield making amends for their first half performance and finding Suarez open in the box, who scored the only goal of the match in dominant fashion. Spain maintained their advantage for the rest of the game, sending the Asian side home after a difficult World Cup.
Sudan 1-3 Brazil
Brazil complete a third win against fan-favourites Sudan, showing the world why they are the reigning champions and dispatching the humble debutants in the final game of Group C. Brazil were stunned when Jaksa Abbas of Sudan opened up scoring in the 6th minute, one of the fastest goals ever scored against Brazil in the World Cup, sending the Sudanese fans into a frenzy. However, it wasn't long before the tables turned, and Brazil's star player Pele scored a brace of goals in the first half to regain the lead, in the 21st and the 35th minute respectively. Sudan made a strong effort to try and get back into the match following the end of half-time, though Osman and Abbas were unable to net anymore goals, and Pele scored a third in the 66th to mark the first hattrick of the tournament. Brazil go forward to another record-breaking consecutive knockout stage appearance, whereas Sudan go home as one of the fan favourites and best debut performances of the tournament.
---------------------------------------
Group D
Zaire 0-3 Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia wrap up a convincing group stage performance in a dominant victory over Zaire. The early stages of the match seemed to be tense with Zaire looking to make amends for earlier performances, their defence standing strong against the Yugoslavs. However, Milan Galic secured Yugoslavia's first goal in the 44th minute, turning the tide and bringing the advantage to the Europeans. The second half was firmly in the control of the Yugoslavians, who made it three following goals from Popovic and Dzajic to secure their dominant victory. Zaire will go home wishing they had done more, but renewed as they climb the ranks and gain experience from this tournament.
Andes 0-2 Soviet Union
The Soviet Union advance into the next round following a difficult victory over the Andes. The Andes were in contention to qualify for the next round if they could defeat the USSR convincingly to get ahead on goal difference. The first half was indeed tough, both sides jostling for position and fighting to gain the advantage, with the score being level as the teams entered the second half. However, the Andes began to tire and Eduard Makarov capitalised, scoring a brace of goals to give the Soviets to well-earned advantage in the 75th and 79th minute. The USSR go through to another knockout stage and look to be in a position to go all the way this World Cup.
---------------------------------------
Group E
Saudi Arabia 1-2 Norden
Norden advance to the next round with their final victory over Saudi Arabia, who also claim their first goal of the tournament, albeit in their very last match. The Saudis claimed the early advantage, with Salih scoring their first ever World Cup goal. However, it didn't take long for the Nordic side to respond, with Hamrin levelling the score in the 15th minute. From there, both sides entered a protracted back and forth, neither side able to break the other in the first half and for much of the second half. Relief finally came when Hamrin secured a second goal in the 70th minute, sending Norden firmly through to the next round.
Honduras 1-3 West Germany
It was never in doubt but West Germany conclude a perfect start to their World Cup campaign, defeating Honduras 3-1 in their final match. The match started out the way of the Germans, with Lothar Emmerich securing their first goal within 13 minutes, and dominating the midfield in the first half. By the second half, it was captain Uwe Seeler who scored a brace in the 51st and 66th minutes to secure their lead and their place in the next round. Honduras found a chance to gain back a goal in the 89th minute, Rosales being the hero and scoring their first ever World Cup goal, sending the already defeated fans into a frenzy and into the hearts of the fans of the tournament. West Germany will advance into a tough next round and will be hoping to make it a successful campaign.
---------------------------------------
Group F
United States 1-3 United Arab Republic
The U.A.R. pull off the first shock of the tournament by advancing through to the knockout stages of the World Cup, defeating the United States in a convincing display to secure the points they needed. Ed Murphy scores first for the US in the 12th minute after some brilliant offensive play, but clumsy defending from the Americans allowed Salah Selim to equalise from the penalty spot in the 20th. The match was difficult heading into the second half but the deadlock broken by Hassan who scored in the 69th, and followed by the final blow from Selim in the 89th, to send the Americans out of the tournament and the UAR through to the knockout stages.
France 0-0 Argentina
A tough match for both sides but a result enough for Argentina to advance to the next round, with France failing to make it out of the Group Stages. The match was contested between two sides that on paper were equals, but neither could break through and create any serious chances, with the ball staying most of the game in the midfield. A disappointing match for many fans but it still sends Argentina through to the next round as they prepare for the knockout stages of the World Cup, and France will have to wait until 1970 to try again.
---------------------------------------
Group G
Colombia 2-2 Korea
Korea create the second major shock of the tournament and book their spot in the knockout stages after drawing with Colombia in their final match. Korea entered the match with a strong chance of going through in this game, with Colombia already knocked out in their previous game. The first half was tense and level between both sides, no goals as the half-time whistle blew and both teams made their way off the pitch. Myung-gon scored his second as Korea took the lead in the 62nd minute, and Soon-myung doubling their lead in the 67th as the Korean fans celebrated. Marquez clawed one back for Colombia in the 74th minute, and in the closing stages of the match, the Colombians ended hopes of a second win in the group stages with a goal from Rada in the 87th. Colombia head home but it's Korea's night as they celebrate entering the knockout stages.
Portugal 1-0 Czechoslovakia
Another shock from this group as the 1962 Runners-up Czechoslovakia are sent home by Portugal, who advance to the next round in one of the best debut performances of the tournament. Eusebio scored the only goal of the match in the 20th minute, superb play to weave his way through the Czechoslovak defence and secure the lead. The Czechoslovaks fought hard to at least bring the match level but were unable to find a route through the inspired Portuguese team, who looked determined to secure their sport in the next round. Portugal will go through, Czechoslovakia head home.
---------------------------------------
Group H
Japan 0-0 South Africa
Despite finishing up on a goalless draw, Japan make history and advance to the next round of the World Cup, joining neighbours Korea as the most Asian teams to advance to the next stages of a World Cup in history. Neither Japan or South Africa could make the most of this match, both sides struggling to take the advantage, but Japan came out on points and booked themselves a place in the next round.
Poland 1-1 Hungary
Hungary advance to the next round of the World Cup and Poland see themselves fall victim to an early exit in yet another shock in this tournament. Poland were hoping to take a last-minute victory against a dominant Hungarian side to leapfrog Japan for the second place position in the group, but the first half finished level as both sides struggled to find a breakthrough. Ferenc Bene of Hungary scored the first in the 51st minute, which was quickly responded to by Lubanski in the 54th to keep Polish hopes alive. However, they failed to take the lead and capitalise, sending Hungary through and Poland are sent home.
Paramountica, Rutannia, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Poland1St, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list][sub]P O L I S H P E O P L E ' S R E P U B L IC • P O L S K A R Z E C Z P O S P O L I T A L U D O W A [/sub][/list][/list]
[list][list][sub]New Generation's Journey[/sub]
[sub]July, 1966[/sub][/list]
[list]|[sub]PZPR students leave for Yugoslavia[/sub]|[/list]
[sub] 1-19 January, 1966 [/sub]
| [sub]Six months ago Poland was jolted unexpectedly by the aftermath of a recent failed coup d'état in Yugoslavia, orchestrated by hardliners following Tito's incapacitation. Despite widespread anticipation for a response from party secretary Władysław Gomułka, none materialized until several members of the [P.Z.P.R.] individually publicly condemned the attempted coup by SSA forces. Only after these declarations did Secretary Gomułka issue a sudden comment expressing solidarity. However, even after Tito's recovery and the unforeseen snap elections that marked Yugoslavia's most democratic election, allowing non-socialist parties to emerge, the [P.Z.P.R.] maintained a steadfast silence on the matter.[/sub] |
[sub] 10th July, 1966 [/sub]
| [sub]Amidst a prolonged silence from the [P.Z.P.R.] leadership, Yugoslavia underwent pivotal changes, notably announcing its unprecedented withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact. This bold decision stemmed from Romania's refusal to hand over individuals implicated in the coup plot. The repercussions were felt keenly among the younger faction within the [P.Z.P.R.], often termed the 'New Generation' or 'New Guard,' who harbored growing discontent. This diverse group expressed solidarity with Yugoslavia, a sentiment starkly contrasting the continued silence maintained by the [P.Z.P.R.] leadership. Ultimately, this led to a significant coalition of forward-thinking and emerging leaders from the 'New Generation' uniting to embark on a private journey to Yugoslavia. Their aim was to gain firsthand experience of the situation and unofficially engage with prominent Yugoslav political figures and thinkers.[/sub] |
[sub] 18-25th July, 1966 [/sub]
| [sub]As a prominent figure within the 'New Generation,' Ludomił Doliński naturally assumed a leadership role within the traveling cohort. Upon their arrival in Belgrade, the group promptly secured accommodation at a prestigious hotel, while Ludomił Doliński orchestrated meetings with key Yugoslav party leaders and intellectuals. Over the course of seven days, the group networked extensively and convened discussions with members from [Forward Yugoslavia], [Reform], and [Progressive Alliance], alongside independent intellectuals. These sessions provided a diverse spectrum of ideas and ideological perspectives, fostering engaging dialogues with the Yugoslav political elite. The varied composition of the group sparked the formation of distinct cliques within the 'New Generation,' reflecting the multifaceted nature of their interactions and discussions. As the sixth day marked the end of their journey, the key figures of the 'New Generation' left Belgrade, carrying not only new schools of thought but also a fervent determination to challenge the unchanged status quo of the [P.Z.P.R.].[/sub] |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Romanian Revolution on Wheels: The foundation of the Pitesti Automobile Plant
[sub]September 1966, Central Committee of The Communist Party of Romania, Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania[/sub]
| President Charles de Gaulle's recent diplomatic visit to Romania has proven to be a resounding success, particularly with the foundation of the modern Pitesti Car Plant (Dacia). The collaborative effort between Renault/France and the Socialist Republic of Romania in establishing this facility marks a significant milestone in economic cooperation and technological advancement.
| The Pitesti car plant, a collaborative effort between Renault and the Romanian government, is expected to significantly boost the country's economic output. The facility, equipped with state-of-the-art technology, is projected to produce approximately 45,000 units of the Dacia 1100 annually. This increased production is set to contribute substantially to Romania's Gross Domestic Product, improving the quality of life for the average citizen.
| The successful operation of the Pitesti car plant will lead to the creation of thousands of new jobs for Romanian workers. The plant, will become a hub for automotive manufacturing expertise. It is estimated that over 10,000 jobs have been generated directly, with additional employment opportunities in related sectors such as transportation, logistics, and services.
With the mass production of the Dacia 1100, the average hardworking citizen in the Socialist Republic of Romania can now aspire to own a reliable home-developed automobile. The increased supply of locally manufactured vehicles is expected to drive down prices, making automobiles more affordable for a broader segment of the population.
| With the facility still under preparation and still receiving important Renault technology, the first Dacia 1100 is expected to be manufactured in 1968 with His Excellency, the Genius of the Carpathians, Comrade Constantin Rotaru, General Secretary of The Communist Party of Romania, President of The Presidium of The Great National Assembly, President of the State Council, President of the Socialist Republic of Romania, Supreme Commander of The People's Army, beloved and esteemed son of all Romanian people inaugurating the factory.
[sub]| De Gaulle's visit and the subsequent foundation of the Dacia car plant stand as a testament to the potential of international collaboration. Romania, once on the periphery of the automotive world, has now carved a niche for itself, providing its citizens with not just modern and reliable vehicles, but a promise of progress, unity and prosperity. |[/sub]
[sub]E scris pe Tricolor unire! Pe roșu steag liberator! Prin lupte sub a lor umbrire, spre Comunism urcăm în zbor![/sub]
[sub]Trăiască Partidul Comunist Român în frunte cu al său secretar general, tovarășul Constantin Rotaru![/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Poland1St, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Jiu Valley Miner Strikes: 15,500 Miners Interrogated, Leaders Under House Arrest - Security Measures Implemented
[sub]September 1966, Central Committee of The Communist Party of Romania, Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania[/sub]
| In the aftermath of the miner strikes in the Jiu Valley, Socialist Republic of Romania, the interrogation of 15,500 miners and the detention of key leaders involved in the strikes has begun.
The decision comes after a thorough analysis revealed Anarchist activities and chants against the Romanian nation.
| Despite the earlier success in resolving the miner strikes, a growing concern emerged within the government regarding the potential influence of certain individuals who spearheaded the protests. Intelligence reports indicated the presence of elements with alleged counter-revolutionary tendencies among the strike leaders. In response to these perceived threats to socialist stability, a decision was made to interrogate a substantial number of miners.
| In a coordinated effort by the Department of State Security (Securitate), 15,500 miners were subjected to thorough interrogations aimed at identifying any subversive elements and potential collaborators. The interrogations focused on the leaders of the strikes, their motives, and any connections to external influences that could undermine the national security of the Socialist Republic of Romania.
Specialized interrogation teams employ a combination of psychological and conventional methods to extract information while adhering to established legal guidelines of Romania.
| Simultaneously, key leaders identified as potential threats were placed under custody. The decision to place them under house arrest was made to maintain a delicate balance between national security concerns and public perception. The detained leaders, while confined, were provided with basic amenities and were subject to ongoing investigations.
[sub]| The events of June-July 1966 underscore the government's proactive approach to safeguarding the socialist principles upheld in the Jiu Valley. While the interrogation and detention of strike leaders may raise questions, they are viewed as precautionary measures taken to ensure the long-term security, productiveness and unity. Ongoing assessments will guide further actions, balancing the need for security with the principles of justice and fairness. |[/sub]
[sub]E scris pe Tricolor unire! Pe roșu steag liberator! Prin lupte sub a lor umbrire, spre Comunism urcăm în zbor![/sub]
[sub]Trăiască Partidul Comunist Român în frunte cu al său secretar general, tovarășul Constantin Rotaru![/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Pontianus, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list][pre]K I N G D O M O F G R E E C E • Β Α Σ Ί Λ Ε Ι Ο Τ Η Σ Ε Λ Λ Ά Δ Α Σ[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][list]THE CHANDRIS AND EPIROTIKI LINES : NEW AND FIERCE CONTENDERS TO THE HELLENIC CRUISE MARKET[/list][/list][/list]
[list][list][sub]RIVALS TO THE GREEK LINE, Adriatican Islands[/list]
[list][list]JULY, 1966[/sub][/list][/list]
| For decades, the Greek Line had dominated the Hellenic oceangoing market. Whether it was from Corfu to Rome, Heraklion to Trst, Piraeus to New York, or from Famagusta to Rhodes, the Greek Line was the premier and national oceangoing carrier of the Kingdom of Greece, and the preferred way to cross the seas, in comfort, style, and speed. In recent years, however, due to the rise of the jet age, profits for the Greek Line had slumped, as week-long travels on ships turned into hours with the dawn of jet airliners. In a dire need to adapt, the Greek Line had ventured into the quickly growing market of cruise liners, which proved popular around the Mediterranean. The whole concept of cruising was completely different from that of an ocean liner. Instead of simple voyages from port to port and to be as fast as possible, cruising offered destinations all across a region, and was not a straight voyage, but rather voyages that hopped from port to port, serving as leisure voyages, with schedules that often lasted weeks. |
| In the cruise market, however, the Greek Line was not alone like before, and no longer held the monopoly over the Hellenic market in general. Two rising stars in the Hellenic cruise market had challenged the Greek Line's dominance — the Chandris Line and the Epirotiki Line. These two lines had put a hold on the Greek Line's expansion, with Chandris and Epirotiki proving popular amongst the Hellenic populous, offering cheap cruises, along with Indo-Pacific voyages, reaching ports in Australia. These 'budget cruises' as some may put it, proved economical for the common Greeks, as the cruisers had focused not on the ship itself, but the destination. It was Chandris in particular that had been the fiercest competitor, with ships such as the RHMS Australis, the former SS America, the RHMS Ellinis, the former SS Lurline, and the RHMS Queen Frederica, the former SS Malolo. These three ships rose in popularity due to comfortable and modern amenities, deviating from the old and into the new. Their flagship, the RHMS Australis, was the most popular choice, with thousands on board every voyage, reaping dividends for the Chandris Line, and leaving the Greek Line lacklustre. |
| Although Chandris specifically was now on par with the Greek Line, the Epirotiki Line had also proved popular in cruises around the Eastern Mediterranean, and the company's growth had proved slow but at the same time, fruitful. One thing was clear though, this three-way rivalry benefitted Greece, further bolstering the cruise market, the tourism industry, and incidentally, the Greek economy. |
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
[/list][/list]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Growth and Tragedy
[pre]Land Reform and the First Five Year-Plan - An Improving Status Quo, 1955-1965[/pre]
“Strive to endure hard labours for a decade. And we shall have tranquillity for a century.”
Ho Chi Minh, 1955
| Over the ten years since the collapse of the agreements reached at the Geneva Conference, the fledgling government of the Vietnamese Democratic Republic has rapidly solidified its authority across the territories north of the 17th parallel. Despite persistent attempts at reconciliation with the Southern Authority, no agreement was reached to unify the two sides into a unified national government. The unacceptability of Việt Minh sympathies to the Southern Authority made any attempt to hold nationwide elections a nonstarter to the Hanoi government along with many southerners. More recently, spontaneous rebellions among the southern peasantry, sparked by the southern leadershipÂ’s abandonment of radical land reform have been blamed upon theorised communications between former southern Việt Minh cadres and the Hanoi government. With mutual denunciations, recriminations and a near-total evaporation of diplomatic relations; the Vietnamese government and the Southern Authority abandoned any pretence of unity or peaceful rapprochement. Setting aside unification in the immediate future, the Vietnamese government under the leadership of the Communist Party has taken to implementing its long promised agenda of industrial development and land reform within its own territories.
The vast programme for the construction of socialism has proceeded incrementally in order to not outgrow the capacity of the government to effectively oversee its implementation. In accordance with the directives of Communist Party Chairman Ho Chi Minh, the initial goals of the Vietnamese adaptations of Marxism-Leninism were to be twofold: the redistribution of agricultural land from the unproductive parasitic landlord classes into the hands of the peasantry and the development of a strong, state-directed manufacturing base. Without the successful implementation of schemes to this effect, Vietnamese socialism would be incapable of pursuing a path toward parity and partnership with the rest of the communist world.
The land reform aspect of the programme has been an ongoing and iterative process, with the first stages of the policy occurring with limited oversight and an underdeveloped judicial structure. Leading to several wrongful denunciations and as many as two thousand executions between 1954 and 1956, with many more imprisoned. Since then, the spread of formalised legal codes and the expansion of a modern judicial system to the local level has permitted a better structured process for determining just and efficient ownership structures. All former landlords have been pardoned, under the expectation that they adapt to the new lifestyles expected of them in a socialist economy. Overall, the redistribution affected nearly a million hectares of land and nearly ten million peasants and farmers, with the process of experimentation with different ownership structures still ongoing as of 1966. With the general outlook of land redistribution finalised by 1958, the process of irrigating and modernising the agrarian sector began in earnest, with assistance from Soviet and Chinese advisors based upon their extensive experience of agricultural expansion. The repairs of existing irrigation systems destroyed by French bombing and the construction of new canals and reservoirs has led to an unprecedented increase in irrigated farmland, from under 100,000 hectares in 1955 to over 500,000 in 1965, resulting from over 2000 individual construction projects. Alongside the establishment of locally overseen machine-tractor stations, Vietnamese agricultural output was able to more than double in the same period.
In accordance with the developmental theories of Marxism-Leninism, the massive increases in agricultural output and productivity engendered by modernisation and redistribution have enabled reinvestment into the construction and manufacturing sector. As the most underdeveloped element of the Vietnamese economy, these have been the predominant focus of state investment in the Five Year-Plan. State-directed construction, supported by Soviet and Chinese aid and managed by the newly consolidated State Ministry for Construction and Development, has enabled methodical development of urban and rural infrastructure in order to bring about the modern socialist economy. To service this growing economy, a tiered structure of directly state-owned enterprises and cooperative firms has been financed. With state-owned enterprises directly overseeing heavy industrial production to fulfil state plans directly. While cooperatives have largely emerged from the amalgamation of pre-existing businesses to fulfil the needs of consumers and focused upon light industrial interests. The arrangement of the economy into light and heavy industrial sectors has allowed socialist planning to come into effect without necessitating a wholesale reordering of relations of production; this reflects the Vietnamese Communist PartyÂ’s desire to focus upon the development of productive forces prior to the implementation of communist economic relations. Which could be expected to cause significant instability if attempted prematurely.
The success of the Vietnamese Communist Party in engendering rapid modernisation led to profound influences on the Vietnamese populace regardless of their former class identities. As populations were knitted together in the overwhelming project of socialist development, parochial and feudal tendencies have subsided as the goals of national self-realisation asserted themselves over the whole of the people. Under a unified and relatively pragmatic communist government and blessed with the potential of a youthful and capable population, the early growth of Vietnam for a time appeared unlimited.
[pre]Rolling Thunder, 1965-present[/pre]
| With infrastructure expansions continuing to bear fruit, the increasing intensity of the liberation conflict occurring in the south grew increasingly impossible for the Politburo of the Vietnamese Communist Party to ignore. What began with simple denunciations and small-scale uprisings has led to the undoing of much of the socioeconomic accomplishments of Ho Chi MinhÂ’s leadership. Though perhaps in sacrificing such gains, Vietnam has earned itself the means for permanent unity and independence.
While the PolitburoÂ’s early insistence on its non-involvement in southern affairs was partially accurate at the time of the first bombings and uprisings, by the end of the 1950s this had quietly ceased to be the case. The brutality of the Southern AuthorityÂ’s treatment of rural populations which expressed discontent toward its reactionary agricultural policies and the mass arrests of Việt Minh veterans and sympathisers made HanoiÂ’s involvement in affairs south of the 17th parallel difficult to avoid. The growing influence of southern-born Việt Minh leader Lê Duẩn in Hanoi saw increased acceptance of the need for open and direct support to be provided to the southern insurgency. Steps were taken as early as 1956 to ensure Hanoi could directly assist the insurgents and intervene if necessary. Networks of tunnels were laid out on either side of the 17th parallel and supply lines demarcated. In 1958 the Pathet Lao acceded to the de facto annexation of a small strip of near impassable land across the Lao-Vietnam border, which engineers have worked to make navigable for motor vehicles.
The gradual assertion of HanoiÂ’s control over the disparate southern insurgent groups was aided considerably by the credibility of the tens of thousands of former southern leaders such as Duẩn, forced to flee their communities by the post-Geneva Southern Authority. The new arrangement led to the interconnection of individual cells in various locales to be loosely linked together into a consistent but flexible command structure, which precipitated far more extensively planned attacks and an inevitable growth in violence on both sides. These networks were formalised as the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam (NLF) in January 1959, a broad organisation offering a place to any and all demographics or political groups opposed to the southern leadership. Its intentions were laid out clearly: the targeting of American advisors and traitors to the nation as well as the implementation of radical land redistribution.
With the brutal retaliations of the Southern Authorities escalating alongside Hanoi’s growing involvement, the charade of the conflict existing as an internal matter in the south progressively fell away. Active efforts by both Soviets envoys and Ho Chi Minh to control the process of escalation repeatedly failed and engagements on either side of the border ballooned in size. The Vietnamese People’s Army (PAVN), under Võ Nguyên Giáp, began mobilising for direct hostilities with Western-backed forces. Backed by a supportive population and conventional communist forces, NLF cadres were able to operate across wide regions with relative security, causing significant chaos and demoralisation. The deterioration of the Southern Authority’s military position was matched by a growing willingness by the United States to take on the role previously held by the French, in providing a strategic backbone for a struggling anti-communist authority. The numbers of American personnel stationed in Vietnam quickly surpassed 30,000 by the end of 1963, utilising their extensive resources to undertake sweeping operations to unseat NLF positions within the south. While this did little to change the overall strategic situation, it did increase the scale of the campaigns conducted by both sides.
Following the death of Southern leader Ngô Đình Diệm in late 1963, the war assumed its present shape. American troops began to play a truly dominant role over their Southern allies, while PAVN and NLF forces assumed an opportunistic posture against an overwhelming enemy. A conflict which originated in tit-for-tat border raids and escalations proclaimed by both sides as merely seeking to defend their populations has plunged Vietnam back into a universal struggle to define its existence.
The extreme and sustained American bombing campaign, begun in earnest in 1965, has forced the Vietnamese economy to abandon its progress toward modernisation. Instead forcing a war economy on all manner of manufacturers, with all those capable of supplying arms or equipment required to do so by law. Coupled with this has been a near total decentralisation of production and increased autonomy for individual firms, necessitated by the pressures placed upon the central government. While this has been successful in limiting the damage caused by air raids, it has significantly depressed the opportunities for state investment or expansion for the foreseeable future.
Presently, increased access to modern Soviet weapons systems and a constant supply of Chinese arms across the northern border has allowed the initial shock of American intervention to revert to a bloody stalemate. With neither side holding a clear strategic advantage, though with Southern support for Vietnamese liberation under the Hanoi government persistent. Instead of progress and tranquillity, chaos and suffering are to be the universal experience of another generation of Vietnamese men and women.
[spoiler=Written for the RMB Screen of the
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
Virnall[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Cascadla, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Vietnam Sv, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Ozbekssr, Zingium
[list]
август
1 9 6 6
[list]
[sub]UZBEK SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC
Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси[/sub][/list][/list]
| THE ALLURE OF GOLD |
[list][sub][sup]Zarafshon, Uzbek SSR[/sub][/sup]
[list][sub]| Soviet Uzbekistan's main economy has been lacking diversification in recent years, relying heavily on its cotton exports and associated industry such as textiles and agriculture. However a recognition of the need to pursue a more diversified economy, has led to a number of initatitves aimed at creating new economic sectors for the republic, as a way to safeguard against any possible shock in prices and to protect the economy. To this end, the mining sector has been receiving large amounts of attention from local economic planners as of late. |[/sub]
[sub]| Mining in Uzbek S.S.R has a long history of mining dating back to late medieval times. Enjoying large amounts of natural minerals such as copper, zinc, lead, tungsten, and more in the Olmaliq mining belt. However its exploitation has so far been funneled into fueling Soviet industry over economic development, and it has not provided the results expected. A Council of Ministers resolution in 1962 titled 'On the Exploration and Exploitation of Uzbek Minerals' provided the framework for large-scale exploration and extraction of mineral resources, one of those was a decision to fully develop the Muruntau mine. |[/sub]
[sub]| The Muruntau mine had become as of late a matter of national importance, the mine is one of the largest, if not the largest, in the world and a decision to develop it and begin extraction and mining was taken in the early 60s. Despite yet not being officially open, its economic impact has already been felt. 165 miles of rail has been built to connect the mine to the nearest city in Navoi, other infrastructure included road links and powerlines, and a 155-mile water supply system from the Amu Darya river. However the biggest development was the building of a new planned city Zarafshon, or Bearer of Gold in Uzbek. Zarafshon, opened officially in 1965, is composed of dozens of housing, schools, shopping departments, and sports facilities. In essence the traditional blueprint for Soviet planned cities. |[/sub]
[sub]| Shortly following his re-instatement, First-Secretary Sharaf Rashidov toured the city and its facilities to inspect its qualities, after which he then made a trip to the mine to inspect its development. Speaking to the Soviet press, Rashidov assured that everything is at the upmost quality, and that the mine's planned opening date of 1967 as being achieved as planned. |[/sub]
[sub]| The development of the mine will provide large amounts of financial influx to the Uzbek government, and provide an important economic source to the wider U.S.S.R where it will no doubt provide a new path to hard currency in trade. For the Navoiy region where the mine is located, it will also spur a new wave of industry, as the Council of Ministers has already planned a new set of factories to kickstart industrial development. These factories are focused on industries that utilize gold, such as electronic products and jewelry, no doubt an attempt to utilize gold for more than just a raw material. |[/sub]
Paramountica, Arcanda, The Great Expanses, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Return of the Government
—————
August 1, 1966 - 1977
—————
The suppression of the student protests and mutiny of 1966, left deep lasting scars upon the nation, and its people. No one would better represent these scars than Julius Nyerere himself. Betrayed by a party he helped build from the ground up, Nyerere set about breaking the TANU and all other parties that had supported their actions. The government would from here on out be the supreme organ, and the party would serve as a loyal arm of the state.
Those That Were Loyal
For every one member of the TANU that revolted, at least one other stayed loyal. Most of these were educated intellectuals, small business owners, ethnic minorities, and factory workers. These groups opposed the more radical members of the TANU due to their hyper-agrarian, anti-Asian, anti-white, and pro-nationalizing all small businesses. These groups naturally feared being left homeless or even killed by an increasingly radicalized party.
These defectors from the radicals would be set up as the new base of the party. They grew increasingly important as the purges shrunk the size of the party. Many of these leftovers weren't committed to socialism, and would become key to the eventual de-socialization of the party in the 90Â’s; however, this did not change the party itself beyond removing terms. The new Secretary-General of the party would be Ali Hassan Mwinyi, a school teacher turned politician. He was renowned for his political pragmatism, and Machiavellianism, he would be the longest-serving Secretary-General being groomed as NyerereÂ’s successor. Unlike Nyerere, Mwinyi veered more toward State Capitalism, and Asian models, while dropping all pretenses of leftism.
Besides Mwinyi and the now rump TANU, there would also be the smaller minor parties who had supported the government. Oscar Salathiel Kambona, first Minister of Foreign Affairs of Tanzania, and leader of the Tanzania Democratic Alliance (ADA-TADEA), would side with the government. His party would remerge with the TANU, after the Mutiny, and NyerereÂ’s more pronounced shift to the center. The ADA-TADEA, would be a relatively center-right party in terms of policy, not openly pronouncing any of the commitments to socialism that Nyerere believed in, beyond public lip service. The other major party that joined the TANU would be the Africa Shirazi Party. The ASP led by Vice President Abeid Karume would be a relatively moderate socialist party, carrying out cautious land redistribution, and opposing collectivization. Even Marxist-Leninists like Abdulrahman Mohamed Babu were spared and reintegrated due to their opposition towards collectivization, and the radicalism of the TANU Maoists, and Black Nationalists.
Those That Betrayed
Those who had actively plotted, and engaged in the 1966 Mutiny, and Riots would not be treated as kindly as those who remained loyal. President Nyerere and the government would move to cut the heads off of these betrayers.
The Dar Es Salaam Student Movement would be entirely abolished. With every student who was in contact with the party, or the planning of the failed riots, being arrested for treason. Due to their age, most would merely be sentenced to lengthy prison sentences in the newly established Changuu Prison Island, an old British Prison, and quarantine zone.
For the Police, and Military, President Nyerere would dismantle both. High level plotters like Elisha Kavan and Mrisho S.H. Sarakiky would be executed. The Tanganyika Rifles, and Tanganyika Police Force would be both entirely abolished, and reformed at a later date. Instead an interim armed forces would handle day to day affairs, putting Tanzania under a military occupation for a time.
The highest ranking TANU members who had plotted including, Salmin Amour, and Philip Mangula, would be stripped of their party ranking, tortured for information and executed. The information extracted from them would be used to launch a large-scale purge known as the Tanzanian African National Union Purge of 1966-1967. By the end of the purge the TANU party which had made up almost 25% of TanganyikaÂ’s population had shrunk to around 7-10%. Most were not; however, executed. Most were temporarily detained, denounced, slapped with a fine, or short prison sentence, and then released. These men and women would be banned from participating in politics for the rest of their lives.
The New Day in Tanzania
A new order had been established over Tanzania. The students imprisoned or removed, the politicians purged, and the military/police disbanded. President Nyerere paradoxically, to protect democracy, multi-party elections, and a strong government, had to effectively bind the Party to the state, ban radicals from participating in politics, and weaken the separation of powers.
Nonetheless the new TANU-TADEA-ASP Coalition stood over a new day in Tanzania.
—————
”African Nationalism is meaningless, dangerous, and anachronistic if it is also not paired with Pan-Africanism.”
Julius Nyerere
Paramountica, The Great Expanses, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria
★ UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC ★
[list][list][list][pre]
"Within the Arab circle there is a role wandering aimlessly in search of a hero.
For some reason it seems to me that this role is beckoning to us-to move, to
take up its lines, put on its costumes and give it life"
[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
_________________
[list][sub]CROUCHING TIGER, HIDDEN DRAGON[/sub]
[sub][sup] August 1966 - LIBYAN ARAB REPUBLIC[/sub][/sup]
[sub][pre]The tripartite committee which had started ruling Libya in 1964 as a result of administrative reforms in the United Arab Republic, had for the most part mirrored the same one established in Syria during 1958 during the initial union of both countries to oversee its affairs. In this committee, one notable feature was the presence of at least one major Egyptian military figure, a sign of the dominance of Egypt in the union. In 1958, that man was Zakaria Mohieddein in Syria, in 1964 however, it was Anwar el-Sadat who assumed this position in Libya. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]For a long time, Sadat had served as the man who would take on jobs that no other person would do. First as a Minister of State in 1954, speaker of Assembly in 1960, editor-in-chief of several government newspapers, and so on. An unassuming military man, who lacked neither the charisma of Nasser nor the connections of someone like Mohieddein, Sadat has been viewed as a reliable if unspectacular hand that can preform any task needed of him and fit within the system, no doubt something inspired by him being a career military man. So when the call came for Sadat to pack his bags and go to Libya, where he would serve as one of the three men tasked with governing the affairs of the Libyan province, he expectedly agreed.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]For many, Sadat has not done anything that needs any special focus. However for analysts keeping close attention, Sadat has grown into something of a key player in Libyan affairs, almost a sort of kingmaker. Promoting young cadets into military governorship positions, especially favoring young, reform-minded, technocrats. He has played an important role in keeping stability and being a neutral source amongst Libyan factions, perhaps one of the reasons he has been tolerated as an outsider so far, when someone like Mohieddein was heavily disliked in Syria previously.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]Those keeping a close eye would notice how Sadat has promoted a policy different from that of Cairo's. The emerging business class in Libya, resultant from the oil boom and general rise of a middle class thanks to Nasserite policies, have been encouraged and connected to Sadat who have allowed them to operate with more freedoms. To many Egyptian businessmen as well, Libya has became a haven of sort, where the administrative structure of the U.A.R allows for autonomy in some aspects of financial policy, something taken advantage of by Sadat to promote a more liberalized version of the economic system practiced in Egypt.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]This has also been coupled with a generally more liberal-like atmosphere in the country, with the press not censored as much in Cairo for example. Sadat has also pushed for great focus on promoting tourism, a previously non-existent sector, and financial services. Both completely foreign to current policy. This all has brought attention on Sadat that was not seen before, and has seen him be slowly regarded as one of the more influential politicians in the country, and a key ally to the liberalist-faction within the A.S.U. [/pre][/sub]
[/list]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
ROUND OF 16 (PART 1)
---------------------------------------
The group stages are over, 16 teams have been eliminated and 16 teams remain as we advance to the knockout stages of the FIFA World Cup. There will be no more room for errors or poor performances as each side will need to win to advance any further in the tournament. We have already seen some shocks in the tournament so far, Japan, the U.A.R. and Korea advancing ahead of European favourites France and Czechoslovakia, Colombia failing to advance out of the group stages and many others. The knockout round will provide some interesting matches for the fans pouring into the stadiums today, though for the plucky underdogs, they will have it all to do. Here's the latest from the Round of 16 highlights of the FIFA World Cup.
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England v Japan
The hosts play the first game of the knockout round against newcomers Japan here at Goodison Park in Liverpool. England enjoyed a perfect start to their campaign, with 3 wins and no goals conceded, and they are expected to brush aside their competitors here today to book a spot in the next round. Japan shocked the football world by advancing in their group ahead of Poland, who were expected to qualify for the next round. They find themselves in a precarious position but will undoubtedly be fighting for a strong finish today.
The first half whistle blows and both teams are leaping into action. England are dominating possession here in the early game, taking control of the midfield and trying to make room for the attack. Japan have been pushed back on the defensive and are having to get more men into their own half at the expense of their strikers, who haven't touched the ball just yet. England have already managed to get a few shots on target but aren't converting them into goals just yet, the Japanese keeper making some impressive saves to prevent the hosts from taking the lead. As we approach half-time Japan are already looking worn down and England are looking like they're only getting started, despite the lack of goals it's looking like England's game today.
The second half whistle blows and England resume their offensive, pushing into the Japanese half. The ball floats around the box with Charlton waiting on the outside. The ball is deflected back and Charlton picks it up... GOAL! England take the lead in this tie and it's the captain Bobby Charlton who sends them there. England have been dominant so far in this game and their efforts are finally rewarded as they take the lead. The fans are celebrating and Japan know they have to score to keep their World Cup dreams alive here.
At the restart Japan change tactics from their balanced formation into an attacking one, looking to send long balls into Englands half to find the strikers, but leaving their defence vulnerable. The change proves to help as Japan find themselves pressing the English keeper for the first time in the match. Despite good chances, they are unable to convert and have to settle for set-pieces. A clumsy foul gives Japan a free-kick outisde the box. The ball flies into the box as players leap up to meet it... GOAL! Japan have equalised in spectacular fashion. A well timed, perfectly aimed header from Katayama brings Japan level and the match is still up for grabs here in Liverpool. The home fans are stunned, England have conceded their first goal of the tournament, it's pandemonium here.
England look worried for the first time in the tournament and waste no time on the attack at the restart, looking to regain their advantage. The goal has given Japan fresh enthusiasm and hope as they stop each English attempt on goal. Both fans are singing their hearts out in support as the match goes on. England are still favourites to go through but if Japan can hold on a little longer they can force England into extra time and give themselves 30 extra minutes to beat them. It's all coming down to the last few minutes. Japan's team look exhausted, the young but inexperienced team falling under pressure from Alf Ramsey's men, who press into the Japanese half. A long ball finds its way through the Japanese defence to Geoff Hurst, who takes a run at goal and... HE SCORES! England retake the lead in the dying moments. The Japanese side look truly defeated here as the English fans celebrate. You can't help but feel disappointed for them they worked so hard to equalise here.
The final whistle blows, and England are through to the next round. Japan can go home knowing that this performance should be the first of many for the Asian side, and they'll be looking ahead to the next tournaments to continue to build their foundation, but tonight it's England who take the glory, and move on to the quarter-finals.
[spoiler=Score]
FINAL SCORE: England 2-1 Japan
[/spoiler]
---------------------------------------
Portugal v Bulgaria
An interesting match up here at Old Trafford in Manchester. Portugal go into the match hoping to impress and play one of the best debut performances in history after finishing top of their group in dominant fashion. Bulgaria have made their first knockout round appearances in just two world cups, and have the talent to back their efforts to progress further. It's an all-European clash here as the players prepare for kick-off.
The whistle blows and we are underway at Old Trafford, Portugal immediately pressing into the Bulgarian half, overwhelming the midfield and making runs into the box. The Portuguese have opted for an all attack strategy today to make the best of their fearsome strikers against the Bulgarians. Already they're sending crosses into the box and... IT'S AN OWN GOAL! Vutsov, the Bulgarian defender, accidentally knocks it into his own net while trying to deflect the cross, and that mistake will cost them as Portugal take an early lead here. The Bulgarian keeper is furious but they steady themselves for the reset as Portugal take the early advantage.
The ball is back in play and with the Bulgarians but not for long as Portugal keep up the pressure and push to maintain their advantage. Torres and Eusebio are making some good runs into the box and pressing the keeper, the Bulgarian defence are having to work a double shift today, bringing the forwards back into their own half to assist. The Portuguese are definitely maintaining their advantage as they continue to push, sending balls through to the strikers. One finds Eusebio who weaves his way through the defenders into space and... GOAL! Portugal make it two and they're running away with it. The Bulgarian fans are stunned and frustration sets in as Portugal celebrate. It's going to be an uphill battle for Bulgaria now while Portugal look to be cruising into the quarter-finals.
The second half kicks off and Portugal set in for the defensive game, happy with their two goal lead and control of the match. The change in play briefly favours the Bulgarians who start to make inroads into the Portuguese half, looking for space to unleash their forwards into the box. Asparuhov and Zhekov look to make some runs and get into space but are closed down by the Portuguese defence quickly and efficiently as they fail to keep their advantage, the attrition of the defensive play wearing down the strikers as the advantage later falls back to Portugal. In the last 10 minutes, Portugal begin to pick apart the weary Bulgarian team once again, catching them on the counter as the defenders struggle to keep up. Torres finds space in the Bulgarian box and... GOAL! Portugal deliver the death blow to a dejected Bulgarian side and secure their spot in the quarter-finals!
The final whistle blows and it's Portugal's night. Bulgaria fail to capitalise on their triumphant run in the group stages, and it's Europes debutants that will meet England in the next round.
[spoiler=Score]
FINAL SCORE: Portugal 3-0 Bulgaria
[/spoiler]
---------------------------------------
Italy v Korea
Wembley Stadium is roaring into life tonight as we see one of the most anticipated match-ups of the tournament so far. Italy, coming off the back of their perfect qualifying run, will face off against Korea who shocked the world with their qualification for the next round. It will be a tough match tonight for sure, and what better place than London to host the heart of the action. Both sides are keen to advance, Italy looking to break records with a third World Cup and Korea looking to continue their run of shocks in the tournament.
The whistle blows and we are away, both sides jostling for possession in the early stages. The Italians have experience and skill on their side, their team is world-class and they will be hoping to take the advantage early in this game, but Korea are looking determined to cause yet another major upset here today. The match looks to be even with both sides taking chances at each-others goals, every player being utilised in the field and not a single player without touching the ball so far. Italy find their way through, the midfield delivering a long ball into Juliano, who tries his luck from outside the box and... GOAL! Italy take the lead here and it's Antonio Juliano who secures their first of the game. What a spectacular shot, curling the ball around the keeper who looked simply bewildered at the shot.
Korea keep possession for the restart and are looking to equalise as soon as possible, sending the Italians on the defensive. A fantastic strike from Pak Doo-ik and... GOAL! Korea equalise only momentarily as the linesman calls the off-side, the Korean side in disbelief. Italy can breathe a sigh of relief but they know they may not be so lucky next time. The match continues as both sides try to score again, Italy hoping to secure their lead and Korea looking to equalise. The score remains 1-0 to Italy as we head into the half-time break.
The second-half begins and Korea look as determined as ever to make sure they get that equaliser. The Koreans begin with extremely fast play as they strike deep into the Italian half, overwhelming the midfield and forcing the Italian team back, relieving pressure on their own exhausted defence. The early stages of the second half are characterised by frequent Korean crosses and attempts in the Italian box, the Italian keeper doing well to hold their line but for how long can he keep this up? The ball is crossed from the corner, deflected from the Italian defence but falls short into the path of Myung-gon who strikes... GOAL! No offside this time as Korea level the score, the crowd here is going wild as Korean fans have to be held back from the edge of the pitch. What an emphatic goal, the Italians are furious but Korea hold on to come back into the match.
Italy now need to regain their advantage but Korea are looking dangerous out front, the goal giving them renewed hope as they continue pressing the Italian side. A change of tactics as Italy bring on another forward player to support Juliano who needs to get into space in order to bring Italy back in front. It's all to play for here as both sides are making furious runs in the most contested match of the tournament so far. A long ball finds its way over the midfield and into the Italian forwards, who play it around into the path of Juliano... GOAL! Italy retake the lead and it's Juliano who fires it home. The Italians are in a frenzy as they celebrate with the fans at the sidelines.
It's all looking like Italy's game to lose now as the restart sees both sides fight in the midfield for possession. The Italians regain their advantage and now drop back to defend it from the fury of the Koreans. The attacks come in waves as Korea send ball after ball into the box, exhausting the Italian keeper but ultimately failing to deliver until the dying moments. With 3 minutes remaining, Korea need to produce something really special here to break the deadlock. The ball comes in, and it's Young-yeol that meets it... GOAL! It's pandemonium as Korea equalise here! Italy thought it was all wrapped up for them but they've clawed it back and they level the tie in the dying moments. What a spectacular turn of events here and Wembley is shaking from the crowds here, as this shapes up to be one of the greatest World Cup matches in history!
The restart in the final minutes here see Italy run with the ball, taking the advantage here and making a last-ditch effort at the Korean goal. An Italian ball runs wide for the cross, that arches forward into the box... IT'S AN OWN GOAL! The captain Yung-kyoo deflects it into his own net! Italy are celebrating but the Koreans are furious, they called the off-side! The Korean players are storming over to the referee and the linesman, the whole side shouting and pleading here as the Italians get involved. There's pushing between the players here and the tensions have boiled over! Our correspondents down at the sideline are calling it an off-side, but the linesman refuses to change his call. Utter disappointment for the Korean side, they've been robbed tonight and the fans can't hide their anger. The players are pulled apart from eachother to play the final whistle, Korea making a run at goal but not making it in time for the whistle to blow.
The final whistle blows but the contest isn't over, it's chaos on the field as Korean and Italian players are coming to blows here. Italy may go through but what a controversial finish. I think we all feel like Korea was robbed here, what a terrible call from the linesman. Security is rushing to the field and the stands as the tension and anger boils over into the stadium here at Wembley. A bitter disappointment for Korea, but what a game overall to see them go toe-to-toe with Europe's best. I think everyone will be behind Korea tonight and will be expecting great things from them in the future.
[spoiler=Score]
Italy 3-2 Korea
[/spoiler]
---------------------------------------
Hungary v Benelux
The final game for today and it's between two European giants here at Hillsborough Stadium. Hungary, Europes dominant team for the last 20 years, are going to be looking for their taste of glory after coming so bitterly close in previous years. Their squad is looking dangerous this year and after a strong group stage they are definitely the team to beat today. Benelux return to the knockout stages after an absence from international football. Despite a poor start to their group they advanced through and will be looking to stop Hungary in their tracks today.
The match begins here at Benelux are looking to take that all-important early advantage. They know that Hungary are deadly if left unattended and will need to give themselves a strong lead if they hope to advance here. The Hungarian side are favouring a slow build-up, knowing they will be able to capitalise on the fatigue of their opponents in the second half. But Benelux are strong in these early stages of the match, looking for that early goal. They're held by a strong Hungarian defence into the latter stages of the first half, many of their chances finding the keeper or being blocked by the defenders. Hungary are also taking some chances here but not many as they hold themselves back for the long-game here. Fons van Wissen finds some space in the box and... GOAL! Benelux open up scoring here and take the lead! They've caught the Hungarians off-guard here I'm not sure they were expecting that at all! Benelux maintain their lead into the end of the first-half here.
The second half begins and Hungary begin their play, trying to take the advantage here and level the tie early to bring themselves back into contention. However, Benelux retain their early advantage and continue to press into the Hungarian half, looking to create more chances and send themselves comfortably ahead. Nuninga takes a shot from outside the box, it's deflected in the box and falls to Sulon... GOAL! Benelux get their second goal, and Hungary are really in trouble now! I don't think this was in their game plan at all. They're celebrating at the corner flag as if they've won the match! The Hungarians rush to the reset, they know every minute counts now for them.
The ball is back in play and Hungary take possession, dominating the midfield with some particularly aggressive play here to maintain it and begin their assault. The Benelux side are holding firm but are struggling to contest the skilful Hungarian side. Ferenc Bene is looking for space constantly but being closed down by the defenders here. He gets the ball outside the box and sells the defender a dummy, passing it through to Molnar... GOAL! Hungary get one back! No time for celebrations as they pick up the ball from the goal and run back to the restart, they're not messing about here at all as they're looking to get the match up and running again.
Benelux hold firm until the closing stages of the game, preventing any shots from reaching their targets, but the Hungarians are relentless as they continue on with their assaults, weaving their way through the Benelux defence and constantly applying pressure to the goalkeeper. However, shot after shot is saved or deflected as Benelux are desperate to hold on to this lead and their chances of heading through to the next round. A ball comes in from the corner to Meszoly... GOAL! Hungary equalise in the closing stages of the match here, and they've levelled it at the death. Benelux are furious here, they had the win in their hands and now they have to do it all again as we head into extra-time.
The first extra-time in World Cup history as both teams will play an additional 30 minutes in two 15 minute halves here. Hungary are looking to extend their lead to finish the match up here but Benelux are looking to do the same. Both teams are standing on equal footing here as they jostle for possession. It's difficult to call as neither team makes any credible shots as we approach the end of extra time. A last ditch effort from Nuninga... SAVED! He can't convert it as the whistle blows and we are now set for our first ever penalty shootout in the World Cup.
FINAL SCORE: Hungary 2-2 Benelux
[spoiler=Penalties]
Both teams line up at the half-way line, readying themselves for the penalties. Hungary will take the first penalty here with Eddie Pieters Graafland in goal for Benelux. Let's see whether the experienced keeper can deal with the skilled forwards Hungary have to offer.
First Hungarian penalty, to be taken by Ferenc Bene. He lines up his shot nicely, takes his run... SAVED!!! Graafland denies Bene here as the crowd roars in Sheffield.
First Benelux penalty, it's van Wissen to take the advantage here. A moment to steady himself and... SCORES!! Benelux take the advantage!!
Second penalty for Hungary, it's goalscorer Molnar to take. He waits still for the whistle, takes a powerful run and... SCORES!! Never looked in doubt and Hungary get one back.
Second penalty for Benelux, Klaas Nuninga lines himself up. Can he make it two for two here... MISSED!! Nuninga levels it out and Benelux have lost their advantage here!
Third penalty for Hungary, Meszoly getting ready to take it. He will need to score to keep Hungary in this... AND HE DOES!! It's a fine penalty from the midfielder and Hungary lead 2-1 in the shootout.
Third penalty for Benelux, it's striker Puis, without a goal this tournament. He steadies himself and... SCORES!! He keeps Benelux in this and levels it out!!
Fourth penalty for Hungary, Varga the man to take it. He stares down the keeper, takes a run and... SCORES!!! Hungary are back in business and they could be one save away from the quarter-finals here!
Fourth penalty for Benelux, and it's their home hero Jan Verheyen to take it. He needs to score this to keep Benelux in the match. He lines up, takes a slow run up to the ball and... IT'S SAVED!! Hungary are through to the quarter-finals!! Verheyen collapses as the Hungarian squad celebrate at the sidelines. It's heartbreak for Benelux here tonight, they played excellently here at Hillsborough but it was not to be. Hungary will go through to face Italy in the next round!
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Vancouver Straits, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list][list][pre]RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
FRENCH BUREAUCRACY
MINISTÈRE DES AFFAIRES ÉTRANGÈRES[/pre][/list]
______
FRENCH FOREIGN MINISTRY: DE GAULLE'S VISIT TO ATHENS AND NICOSIA MAKES HISTORIC HEADLINES
[sub]VTH FRENCH REPUBLIC | PARIS—ATHENS, OCTOBER 1966[/sub][/list]
[sub]| HELM OF DIPLOMACY, MINISTÈRE DES AFFAIRES ÉTRANGÈRES - | Only a little more than a month has passed by since Le Grand Charles returned to Paris from his trip around the Earth, spreading French diplomacy and dispelling any would be doubters that France had lost its tactful ability to perform statecraft. The flaming torch of De Gaulle's grand tour has yet to burn out as he boarded the Caravelle state-plane last week, bound for Athens and then onto Nicosia. The trip was a last minute decision made after a series of lengthy phone conversations with his friend and counterpart, King Constantine II of Greece.[/sub]
[sub]Agents from the French Sécurité Présidentielle arrived early to review resident foreigners' dossiers and monitor fresh arrivals at Ellinikon International Airport. Greek army engineers patrolled the Athens sewer system, looking for hidden explosives; grey-uniformed police officers stationed themselves every 25 yards along the eight-mile parade route. In a heartfelt statement, a former Greek general declared that, should De Gaulle be shot, he was personally prepared to cut his wrists in order to donate blood. Sensibly, Constantine II, the strongman and king of Greece, had De Gaulle's blood typed in case he got in the way of any gunfire. In the event, the precautions seemed slightly excessive. President De Gaulle arrived promptly at noon with a Greek fighter jet escort in his blue-and-white Caravelle jet airliner, inspected an honor guard as cannon smoke from the 21-gun salute drifted into his face, then climbed into a Rolls-Royce convertible with Greece's tall King Constantine II. De Gaulle leaped to his feet as the convoy approached the city boundaries and gave a dramatic wave to the Athenians huddled beneath the pepper trees. Feeling touched, he remarked at Hadrian's Arch, close to the Temple of Olympian Zeus, "No Frenchman, especially myself, could fail to be moved by this city, nor forget what has been accomplished here for liberty in 3,000 years." Then, in a move that brings his security officers constant anxiety, he reached out and shook hands with the people gathered by the curb.[/sub]
[sub]Still, Greece was ready for le grand Charles to court her. Last summer, Athens authorities were taken aback when the United States abruptly stopped providing $20 million in annual defense and economic aid, citing the argument that the Greek economy no longer required it. It is reported that De Gaulle is ready to grant a $40 million development loan as a capstone to his visit; French investments in Greece currently stand at $160 million, with American investments following closely behind. De Gaulle declared in a toast to King Constantine II during his address to the Greek Parliament that his goal is to expand France's influence beyond the "northern seas," which he referred to as one of France's boundaries, to the eastern Mediterranean, where Greece is the "hinge between the Latin and Slavic worlds, as well as between Western Europe and the Middle East." De Gaulle also signed an agreement which will provide the Greek Armed Forces 190 AMX-30 main battle tanks as well as a bonus of 20 brand new Dassault Mirage III fighter jets which will serve as a key component of the Greek Air Force. From Athens, Le Grand Charles reboarded his Caravelle airliner and made the quick 917 kilometer journey to Nicosia, Kypros. De Gaulle was in fact making history as the first foreign leader to set foot on the thriving island since its annexation by Greece just a year earlier. [/sub]
[sub]President De Gaulle was received by Regional Governor, Georgios Grivas in the very same fashion as he had been welcomed back in Athens. Following the airport reception ceremony, De Gaulle and Governor Grivas would ride together in a black Rolls Royce convertible down the crowd filled streets of Nicosia to a monument honoring the fallen Greek soldiers of the recently ended conflict over the island territory between Greek and Turkish Cypriots. There, De Gaulle would take part in a wreath laying ceremony before saying a few words, "Today we solemnly honor those who have sacrificed so that this proud island of Cypriots can remain united and strong. France stands in unity with Greece as we affirm that Kypros is rightfully a territory of the Kingdom of Greece which is deeply rooted together culturally, economically, and once again politically." Having made historic headlines once more, Le Grand Charles departed Kypros having reminded Greeks and the rest of the world that France remains steadfast and loyal to her NATO allies. | [/sub]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]VIVE LA RÉPUBLIQUE!
VIVE LA FRANCE!
VIVE LÂ’EMPIRE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐅𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐄
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Arcanda, Amsterwald, The Great Expanses, Sixth French Metropolitan Republic, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Holy Vatican City States, Vancouver Straits, New Provenance, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Zingium
[list][list][pre]✰ DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO ✰
~ 🇹🇭🇪 🇫🇪🇧🇺🇦🇷🇾 🇨🇴🇺🇵 ~[/pre][/list][/list]
[I][sup][pre]After the end of the first military mutiny in September, President Adoula and Prime Minister Joseph Iléo attempted to reconcile the government with the military by granting several concessions to the Armée Nationale Congolaise (ANC). The first of these concessions was the expulsion of French military advisors, the Africanization of the army, the removal of Colonel Victor Lundula, and immediate promotions to black officers. Another important concession was the removal of PSA politicians from military ministries. An attempt to divorce politics from the military was made, a move that resulted in Gizenga renouncing his position as deputy prime minister as a sign of protest. Criticizing Adoula and Ileo for bending the knee to reactionaries, Gizenga would then secretly leave Stanleyville in early December, before the start of the new year, on a strategic retreat to regroup and plan for future actions. Entering 1963, a short-lived sense of stability was felt as the government believed it had saved the situation from disaster. However, the military, feeling emboldened by the perceived weakness of the government, began to assert their power and influence. The figures leading this interference in politics were Colonel Anicet Kashamura, Colonel Léonard Mulamba, and Colonel Kimba Mutombo. The three colonels rose to prominence in the aftermath of the 1st Army Mutiny and quickly established themselves as key players in the political landscape. Soon enough, the three felt emboldened to carry out a military coup as they viewed the CNM as a threat to stability in the Congo and personally had resentment over the power of southern ethnicities over the traditional northern ethnic groups.[/pre][/sup]
[I][sup][pre]Their actions would culminate on February 3rd, 1963, when Kashamura took command of the 3rd Groupement at Stanleyville and locked members of parliament within the building until they passed legislation that forced the resignation of all PSA members working within the government. While no blatant use of violence was used to cohere the members into obeying, the soldiers who had them locked in invoked heavy consequences for not doing so. Kashamura's tactics were effective in achieving his goal, as the legislation was passed and PSA members were forced to resign from their government positions. The next day, on the 4th, the army carried out mass arrests of PSA members without trial or due process. Gizenga was issued his own arrest warrant, but before military police could arrest him, Gizenga fled to North Kivu province in Zaire with other members of the PSA. When Adoula was informed of the situation, he and PM Iléo immediately ordered the dismissal of Kashamura from his post. But the order felt on deaf ears as the military was once again in full mutiny. With the military in control, the government's attempts to restore order and enforce their orders proved futile. On the 5th of February, 1963, Radio Stanleyville's regular programming was interrupted, and a military coup was announced to the whole nation by the National Emergency Council (NEC). A group of military officers claimed that the NCM was compromising the security of the Congo and collaborating with communist agitators. Subsequently, President Adoula and PM Iléo were arrested and held under house arrest in the Presidential Palace.[/pre][/I][/sup]
[I][sup][pre]After the government was effectively overthrown, the army took over the administration, and the National Emergency Council was established to maintain order and stability in the country. Composed of Colonel Anicet Kashamura, Colonel Léonard Mulamba, Colonel Kimba Mutombo, and other military officers, the National Emergency Council quickly implemented strict measures to suppress any opposition and dissent. They enforced a curfew, suspended civil liberties, and initiated a crackdown on political activists and journalists perceived as threats to the new regime. Kashamura himself would assume the leadership role as he had organized the coup, while Mulamba was made the head of the military forces to maintain control and order. Mutombo, on the other hand, was tasked with overseeing the restructuring of key government institutions to ensure loyalty to the new regime. Despite their initial success, the NEC made the mistake of underestimating the loyalty of some troops to the government as units of the Presidential Guard and Stanleyville Garrison, under the leadership of Victor Lundula, freed the President and Prime Minister in a daring raid. Prime Minister Iléo would grant Lundula the rank of Major-General to outrank the conspirators and bring the military back to heel. Immediately, fighting would break out in Stanleyville between units loyal to the NEC and CNM between the 5th and 7th of February. The fighting escalated quickly, with both sides fiercely battling for control of strategic locations in Stanleyville. Lundula and his units would successfully retake the national parliament and the radio station, and using the opportunity, Adoula would declare the restoration of the legitimate government and call for a ceasefire. However, the situation remained tense as pockets of resistance from the conspirators still posed a threat to stability. Adoula would then reach out to international partners for support in restoring order and ensuring a peaceful transition of power. It seemed that the NEC was done for as the conspirators were on the back foot. However, Colonel Léonard Mulamba, using his popularity with the 41st Commando Brigade, convinced them to defect to the conspiracy, which turned the tables on Lundula. With the unexpected defection of the 41st Commando Brigade, Lundula's position weakened considerably. The conspirators now had a significant military force on their side, making it even more challenging for Adoula to restore government control.[/pre][/I][/sup]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Paseo, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Vancouver Straits, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Zingium
[list][list][list]THE CYPRUS WAR — A DETAILED SUMMARY[/list][/list][/list]
[list][list][sub]CHAOS OVER CYPRUS, Adriatican Islands[/list]
[list][list]DISPATCHWORKS[/sub][/list][/list]
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1956854
Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list]October 1966
[sub]Brandt Year One[/sub][/list]
[pre]D I E B U N D E S R E P U B L I K[/pre]
WILLY BRANDT's FIFTH YEAR
[sub]STUTTGART, BADEN-WURTTEMBURG, New Provenance - MORNING[/sub]
| MORE THAN A YEAR after Chancellor Willy Brandt and the Social Democrats' stunning victory in the 1965 federal election, the broadly center-left governing coalition between the Social Democratic Party and the Free Democratic Party continues to stand, despite divisions on economic issues. After passing a budget through their razor-thin Bundestag majority, the Brandt government immediately embarked on its broad public transportation and social welfare initiatives that they pledged on the campaign trail in the year prior. In their effort to relegate former Economy Minister and "father of the German economic miracle" Ludwig Erhard and his center-right Christian Democratic Union party to the opposition, the Social Democrats had pledged to continue the development of Germany's welfare state, that grew alongside a strong export economy that kept the finances afloat. Some economists attributed the stagnation of economic growth in the early 60s to the establishment of stronger welfare protections by the SPD-led government, but the SPD reiterated repeatedly that there was 'never anything' linking the stagnation to the welfare state. Facing potential rebellion from the right flank of their coalition partner, the pro-market FDP, however, Brandt's government passed a series of measures tied to the 1966 budget and in the earlier spring of this year that sought to re-establish a 'sustainable' form of the aggressively pro-export policies that saw booming economic growth under Konrad Adenauer in the 1950s. |
| Brandt's government very clearly took itself towards the center on economic issues, thanks largely to subtle calls from their junior coalition partner and Vice-Chancellor, Erich Mende, who led the Free Democratic Party. Re-developing a powerful export economy once again became top priority for the German government, and programs to support this goal were implemented throughout the year. A welfare package that boosted funding for education and childcare also saw attached provisions to slash taxes for advanced startups and the automobile industry, as well as "welfare-to-work" initiatives that provided job training to persons who were unable to secure work for a prolonged period of time. Unemployment rates remained particularly low in the Federal Republic despite recent stagnation, but Brandt's government has pledged to "be prepared for any scenario" especially given the emergence of multiple power shifts and regional proxy conflicts around the world. Historic investments were passed to support the growth of Germany's tertiary level education system, with colleges receiving funding for upgrades and expansions to develop Germany as a prime destination for students seeking to study in Western Europe. Automobiles returned to the forefront, with Brandt's Foreign Ministry supporting wholeheartedly efforts by Volkswagen, Daimler and other German auto companies to grow outward and internationally. |
| Diplomatically, Brandt's government was viewed as nothing shorter than a success story. When he was first elected in 1961, Brandt committed to "Ostpolitik" - slow but steady reconciliation of relations with the Eastern Bloc and, particularly, with the German Democratic Republic, which Bonn has yet to recognize as an independent nation. Ostpolitik had been promoted by Brandt and his allies for years prior, but at the time many did not believe such a detente was possible. Now, the United States and the Soviet Union were entering a new phase in their bilateral relationship, and Eastern Bloc nations like Romania have begun reaching out and forming economic relationships with Western nations. France's Charles De Gaulle, its president, initiated a massive tour of the USSR, Romania and other nations in the other half of Europe, to applause from Brandt's government and to the dismay of those who had questioned Ostpolitik's viability. Now secured politically after the securing of his second term, Brandt has upped the ante on discussing the possibility of "true detente" with the East. He has expressed willingness to discuss economic reconciliation with Romania, and the conducting of lower-level sit-downs with the government of the German Democratic Republic to preclude further discussions on a higher level. Brandt furthermore remains firmly committed to the European project as well as to NATO, as has his party ever since the times of Erich Ollenhauer. |
| Not all is perfect in the Bundesrepublik Deutschland, however. The opposition CDU and DPD continue to dig in their heels especially on issues concerning welfare and the economy. Ludwig Erhard, a prominent voice on the economy now amplified by his position as Leader of the Opposition, routinely criticizes the Brandt government for "failing to do what is necessary to build a stronger economy". While the CDU and DPD favors some form of welfare, they disagree with "expansive welfare" and have criticized the advances made by the Chancellor's government on the issue as over-the-top. Economic indicators show, at the very least, that Germany's economy has recorded slight growth in recent quarters, but remains below the averages recorded at this time in the 1950s. Erhard has confirmed he intends to propose his own comprehensive economic overhaul package in January of next year, at the start of the next Bundestag session. |
| The first year of the Chancellor's second term is largely viewed favorably, except by those who wonder whether more could have been done. Many Germans continue to live prosperously as the country maintains strong export rates and Germany remains in a strong position on the world stage as a leader of the European Economic Community, and with the possibility of true detente with the East genuinely on the horizon, Brandt could be headed for foreign policy victories in the coming years. Presently, however, the Chancellor's concerns remain firmly with building the economy while defending the welfare system his government built. In a major policy speech in late September, Brandt outlined his government's plans for the next year, which included the further development of Germany's defense industry, construction of newer bridges and rail networks, as well as pushing forward with legislation to boost Germany's growing pharmaceutical industry. |
[list][pre]"The future remains bright for Germany and for those who are ready to pursue that light at the end of the tunnel. We have proven the critics from the last election wrong and have made strides on various issues. Now we look forward as a new decade approaches, and my government will commit wholly to approving common-sense solutions to concerns and issues that inevitably will arise, as is the ideal of Germans - to solve, to innovate, and break barriers."[/pre][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, The Great Expanses, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Le Equatoria, Zingium
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
ROUND OF 16 (PART 2)
---------------------------------------
Brazil v United Arab Republic
The fans are gathering here at Ayresome Park in Middlesbrough, an unlikely ground to host the reigning World Champions in their Round of 16 match against the unlikely qualifiers, the U.A.R.. Brazil are coming off the back of an impressive group stage campaign, as many expected they would achieve, and are looking to continue their run in their hopes to break records at the World Cup. The U.A.R. have already caused some upsets along their way, knocking out European giants France to advance out of their group, and although the odds seem against them we can't discount them in this match. It will all come down to how the teams play and whether the U.A.R. can find a way through the menacing Brazilian team.
The whistle blows and it's all square in the midfield, the UAR holding possession well but the Brazilians hot on their tails. It's clear the manager is hoping to play the long game, knowing that they won't be able to beat the skill of the South American side in the open field, and it appears to be working well as the UAR dominate the early possession statistics. The ball is knocked around in tactical play as the UAR attempt to fend off the fast-running forwards of Brazil, trying to find avenues to get it through and play the slow-build up. The ball rarely ventures close to the box in these early stages, with the UAR looking to try their luck soon.
But Brazil take the advantage with their play, seizing possession and delivering long balls for the counter-attack. All of sudden, the UAR are on the defensive and its not long before we start seeing shots on target from the South Americans. The game is turning for certain as the forwards press into the UAR box, it seems only a matter of time before the deadlock is broken, but the defence is holding firm for the time being. A long ball is sent forward and gathered by Garrincha, who takes an excellent run around the outside of the defenders, before cutting back into the box and into space... GOAL! Brazil take the lead and it's an emphatic goal for them. They've put themselves ahead in the first half and it'll be all for the UAR to do as we head into the second half.
Half-time is over and the ball is back in play, already Brazil look to be taking control of this half and pressing into their opponents half. Garrincha is looking to make a run but can't and sends it back into the midfield, who send forward a well-placed through-ball as he makes his run, supported by striker Pele, who gets the ball and shoots... SAVED! The ball deflects back off the keeper and into the path of Garrincha... GOAL! He's made it 2-0 and Brazil are cruising into the quarter-finals at this rate. The keeper will be disappointed he didn't save that, especially after that first save, but it's Brazil who further their advantage here in Middlesbrough.
Brazil may have the lead but they aren't relenting in their attack, they're looking to make it three here as the UAR are struggling to keep up. Star striker Selim has barely seen the ball this match as it stays firmly in his own half. He does eventually get the ball and sells Zito the dummy to make a through-ball to Hassan, who tries a run but is caught by the defenders and dropped just outside the box. It's a free-kick and a golden opportunity here for the UAR to get themselves back in this match. Selim lines up to take it, he's got good striking distance and could very easily slot this one away. He makes his run and strikes, the ball flies over the defensive wall and... MISSED! By a hair it just skims the post! A disappointing turn but Selim is picking himself and the team back up as they keep pushing into the final minutes of the game.
The final whistle blows and Brazil win in Middlesbrough, booking themselves yet another consecutive quarter-final appearance and a potentially difficult quarter-final with the winner of our next match.
[spoiler=Score]
Brazil 2-0 UAR
[/spoiler]
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West Germany v Yugoslavia
Roker Park in Sunderland is the meeting ground for this clash of the European titans. West Germany entered this tournament as outside favourites to win behind England and Brazil, but are already looking deadly following a perfect group stage. Yugoslavia will be their challenger tonight, one of the most technically gifted teams in the world, the 'Brazilians of Europe' will be looking to set up a thrilling quarter-final against Brazil by dispatching the Germans tonight.
The match begins and it's already becoming a scrap in the midfield, the incredibly physical play style of both teams causing some major collisions as they practically have to pull each other away from the ball. Yugoslavia are hoping to send the ball down-field as soon as possible to allow their strikers to get to work, whereas the Germans will want to maintain possession and dominate the flow of the game. Within minutes we're already seeing foul after foul as the teams struggle to get possession, and it looks like we'll be in for a hard-fought match tonight.
The first half continues and we've seen both sides coming up with chances here. Yugoslavia have taken a few well-placed shots toward the German goal but their defence is solid, with none of them being too much trouble for the keeper. It's clear that Yugoslavia have the advantage in the midfield but West Germany are showing why they are one of the best defensive teams in this tournament. The Germans get a break through and send it down to the forwards, who play around with it looking for space. Overath comes up in support of Seeler who passes it through. He charges towards the ball and strikes the half volley... GOAL! West Germany take the lead here! What a strike from Overath as we head into the second half. After a brutal first half, the Germans take the lead and the fans are going wild as they celebrate at the corner flag.
The second half whistle blows and Yugoslavia are on the offensive, looking to level out the match as soon as they can. Getting a goal won't solve all their problems but it should give them a boost in confidence as they change their play to try and tackle the German defence. On the surface it appears to work as the German defensive seems to buckle for the first time in the tournament, and they get some shots towards goal, but the keeper does extremely well to save them. The ball comes in from the corner and finds Galic... SAVED! The keeper really had to reach for that one, and Milan Galic finds his perfect opportunity wasted here. The frustration from the Yugoslavians is clear here as they really wanted to see more from that.
The ball goes out into play and this time it's West Germany on the offensive, Beckenbauer leading the way and commanding the midfield, sending the ball through as the Germans hold possession looking for a way through. The pace of the game has slowed down immensely as we see the German Football Machine at work here, looking to create space and interrupt the attacking flow of the Yugoslavians. Uwe Seeler is trying to avoid his market, as Emmerich takes the ball and crosses it forward. Seeler sells the defender a dummy and catches the ball expertly in the box, the keeper rushes towards him but not before he can shoot... GOAL! It's 2-0 in Sunderland, and it's the captain that has all but sent West Germany through to the quarter-finals. The Yugoslavian side look devastated as the Germans celebrate their way back to the reset.
Final whistle, and West Germany have booked a spot against Brazil in the quarter-finals. Perhaps not the match either side were expecting but it's good news for the Germans as their winning form continues here.
[spoiler=Score]
West Germany 2-0 Yugoslavia
[/spoiler]
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Soviet Union v Norden
Villa Park lights up here for one a match that none of us here can call, it's the Soviet Union against Norden here in Birmingham tonight. The Soviets are a formidable side and they are looking very much on form this tournament, though their World Cup record in the knockout stages isn't very strong. Norden are former runners-up and the team have a lot of experience in these big tournaments, they are too formidable and have performed well this far in the competition. It will be a difficult one to predict here so we'll see how it stands at the final whistle.
The match begins here and immediately it looks like the Soviets are taking the advantage, pushing forward into the Nordic half with speed as they trial out a more aggressive style of play tonight. Norden have only faced one major challenge to their defence this tournament against West Germany and the team does not look wholly prepared to deal with this kind of onslaught. The Soviets are looking strong as they send the ball into the box looking for chances, but the forwards haven't quite caught up yet and it's collected comfortably by the defenders.
Though the play continues on, and the USSR are very much in control of this half. The ball has not left the Nordic half for the past 15 minutes here, the Nordic strikers barely seeing a glimpse of it. The Soviets are not too strong in front of goal here, and will have to rely on set-pieces if they're going to take the advantage. A corner gives them a golden opportunity. It's delivered far in the box, past the defenders to find the head of Makarov... GOAL! The Soviets take the lead in the first half and it didn't seem in doubt. The header was struck with such power that crossed the line before the keeper could even react. I think the Soviet side will be feeling very comfortable as they head into half-time and Norden will have some work to do if they want to survive.
The second half begins and the Soviets are still firmly in control of play here, they're dominating the possession and the match statistics here and it's looking like they will might add to the score line again tonight. Eduard Makarov is on excellent form here as he plays a brilliant game to weave through the defenders with Khusainov on his left, the ball passing and back and forth between them as Khusainov breaches the Nordic defence, pulling the keeper out of his goal before passing it down the line to Makarov, who's in the open... GOAL! The Soviets increase their advantage here and they're running away with it. The keeper is looking furious with his defenders for not blocking that and the Nordic side are falling apart here.
A few tactical changes from the Nordic manager as they push forward in the Soviet half for the first time in the match. They've gone for a fast-paced attacking formation here to try and claw back the goals they need to keep this match alive, and their midfielders are becoming a lot more aggressive in the centre with the Soviets as they take the advantage for the first time in the match. Simonsson finds his way through the midfield and slots a through-ball to Hamrin, who muscles his way past the defenders and has an open run on goal. He jostles with the defenders to get into position and... GOAL! Hamrin pulls one back for Norden and he's wasting no time in collecting the ball for the reset. The Nordic fans can breathe a sigh of relief but they still have work to do here.
Norden seem to be hunting for the equaliser but the Soviets aren't done here just yet, and they're pushing to finish this match off. The Nordic team are still playing on the offensive here and have been showing a strong run of play as we enter the final moments of the game. The ball thunders into the Soviet box from the midfield looking to connect with Hamrin but it's collected swiftly by Yashin who delivers a kick down the field to find Makarov, who passes it through to Voronin who's left unmarked by the defenders, and it's his ball as he charges towards the box. The goalkeeper is trying to steady himself as Voronin takes his shot... AND SCORES! It's 3 for the Soviets and their quarter-final appearance is resolved!
The final whistle blows and it's joy for the Soviet Union, bitter disappointment for Norden as they knew they could have done better here. The USSR prepare themselves to face either Argentina or Spain in the next round.
[spoiler=Score]
Soviet Union 3-1 Norden
[/spoiler]
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Argentina v Spain
Our final Round of 16 match here is an old rivalry between two footballing giants, and we couldn't have written a script better than this ourselves. Argentina, who have enjoyed a devasting qualification and group stage performance, find themselves facing Spain, the European champions and potential contenders for the title this year. It's going to be a tough match with both teams standing fairly equally here, Spain finding themselves with more stand-out individual players that could cause problems for the Argentines. Argentina however have form behind them and should be in a strong position to make good on their efforts to be crowned champions this year, but it all remains to be seen here in this final match.
The whistle blows and we are underway, both sides making runs immediately to try and dominate the early game here. Suarez keeping Spain together as they try to find a way through the South American side but the Argentina midfield are doing well to thwart any attacking play from the Spaniards. Argentina are struggling to find their way through as well, the statistics favouring Spain in the first half, but neither side able to make an impression thus far. Suarez and Peiro are taking some good runs at the Argentine goal looking to score first and take the advantage but it's not to be, as the shots are blocked by the solid defence of Argentina. The match takes it's time but the first half looks to be level between both teams, matched on skill and form, and both side wanting a spot in the quarter-finals just as much as the other. Despite the energetic play, the first half ends with very little action. Not many shots on target but it is favouring Spain as we head into the half-time. Both teams have been putting in the work and I think it's fair to say that something has to give in the second half and we'll hopefully start seeing some goals scored to liven things up at the White City Stadium in London.
The second half kicks off and the match springs back into action, the fans singing in the stands as London shakes from the noise. Argentina take an early advantage but squander it as the Spaniards regain control. It's still level here and both sides are making it a war of attrition to try and score tonight. The managers watch on with frustration, undoubtedly throwing their initial plans out of the winder as they push the offensive to try and get a goal. Artime is in space for Argentina and he receives the ball, he's trying to weave his way through the Spanish defence but it looks like he's struggling. He sits just outside the box, fancies his chances and... GOAL!! It's Argentina who break the deadlock, and the stadium looks on the verge of collapse from the noise of the Argentina supporters. It's pandemonium here as Artime scores the all important first goal here, to the frustration of the Spanish players.
As soon as the match restarts, Spain are taking back control of the game, playing around in the defensive zones to try and bring the Argentine midfield forward. They hold the ball back until space appears and fire it forward, finding Suarez, who's forced to the right wing to make a run, he's got support in the centre as he outruns the defenders and midfielders clamoring to get back into position. Suarez has to play around and muscle his way through the left-back and fires it forward. The ball crosses into the box, missing a few defenders along the way, to Peiro... GOAL! Spain have equalised!! Just as soon as Argentina get their advantage, Spain have levelled it again, and the noise here is just incredible! Bitter disappointment for the Argentines there, and they've got to do it all over again!
The equaliser has definitely frustrated the Argentinians who look far more aggressive and a little clumsier than they've been before conceding some fouls in their own half to give Spain the chance to go ahead. Suarez gets a free-kick in good range of the goal, takes his shot and... SAVED! A fantastic leap for the keeper to collect that send it forward again. Artime looks to be the best performer on the Argentine side so far, his work-rate far higher than his teammates as he sits waiting in space for the ball to come through. He gets his chance and finds his way through the defenders, and he's in space here. The Spanish keeper charges at him and Artime takes a risk to chip him... GOAL!!! Argentina have retaken the lead!! The gamble pays off and the ball just rolls over the top of the keeper and finds its way to the back of the net. It's joy for the Argentines here as they get closer and closer to the quarter-finals.
The Spaniards aren't done yet, they keep pushing into the box as they're looking for the late equaliser to keep their hopes alive here. It's the closing moments of the match and the corner is set for Spain. They've brought the whole team up as they look to level it, even the goal-keeper has come out to support. The tension builds up to the kick as the players frantically try to find the space. The ball comes in, and finds a head straight toward the goal... SAVED!! But only just as it's deflected back into the players, and there's a frantic scramble for the ball here as they try again... SAVED!! The keeper sticks his arm out and deflects it back only for the ball to land again at the feet of Peiro, who strikes... IT'S SAVED AGAIN!! The keeper is working for his life out here and the ball still isn't safe and... THEY MISS!! Spain can't take the equaliser and as the ball heads out of play they know it's all over!! The Argentine fans are singing waiting for the final whistle here...
And it's all over! Argentina head through to the quarter-finals to meet the Soviet Union! Spain performed well here in this clash of the titans but couldn't meet the mark as the European champions bow out, and all credit goes to the Argentine keeper, what a performance that was, completely unstoppable.
[spoiler=Score]
Argentina 2-1 Spain
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria
Opening of the Port of Al-Hudaydah
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
[list][sup]Port of Al-Hudaydah, Yemen Arab Republic
5 August 1966[/list][/sup]
[sup]Today, during the celebrations of the second anniversary of the August Revolution, the President of Yemen, Lieutenant General Hassan Al-Zaidi, members of the Supreme Committee National Union and members of the Council of Ministers attended the opening of the port of Al-Hudaydah after its development. Amid a festive atmosphere, the attendees, led by President Al-Zaidi, took a tour of the port in which they were guided by the port director, Mr. Sami Al-Gharib. During the tour, they watched a workshop and dry dock for ship. Maintenance, storage space for containers and equipment for loading and unloading containers from ships.
President Al-Zaidi spoke to the audience:
[/sup]
[list][sup]"The development of the port is a new step in the development of the Yemeni economy, as the port of Hodeidah is the most important and largest port in Yemen, and now the port is capable of receiving more Yemeni products for export to the world. The August Revolution is on the right path towards improving Yemen."[/list][/sup]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paseo, Amsterwald, The Great Expanses, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Romania's Largest Refinery Unveiled in Pitesti
[sub]October 1966, Central Committee of The Communist Party of Romania, Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania[/sub]
| Situated in Pitesti, the Arpechim Oil Refinery, recently finished construction, stands as one of the Industrial Crown Jewels of the Socialist Republic of Romania. Boasting the title of the largest Oil Refinery in Romania and one of the largest in Europe, the facility is set to produce approximately 3.5 million tonnes per year, a staggering achievement that speaks to the nation's engineering and technological prowess, with an additional two units that are to begin construction in 1968 and 1971, increasing the capacity to 6.5 million tonnes in the following decade.
| The strategic location of the refinery, located in the same county where the Dacia automobiles will be manufactured, seamlessly connects to the oil fields of Oltenia and the Constanta Port through an intricate network of pipelines, establishes Romania as a key player in the regional energy landscape. This connectivity not only ensures a streamlined flow of resources but also solidifies the nation's oil and energy independence and security.
| The inauguration ceremony was a grand affair, graced by the presence of His Excellency, Comrade Constantin Rotaru, General Secretary of The Communist Party of Romania, President of The Presidium of The Great National Assembly, President of the State Council, President of the Socialist Republic of Romania, Supreme Commander of The People's Army, beloved and esteemed son of all Romanian people. Accompanied by Her Excellency, Mrs. Magdalena Rotaru, the First Lady of Romania, Comrade Rotaru symbolically activated the refinery, signifying the birth of a new era for the nation.
| As the Arpechim Oil Refinery roared to life, slogans and chants of joy echoed through the air, resonating with the shared pride and optimism of the Romanian workers.
[sub]| The Arpechim Oil Refinery stands not merely as a structure of steel and concrete but as a beacon of progress, a testament to the resilience and unity of the Romanian people under the leadership of His Excellency, Comrade Constantin Rotaru, the Genius of the Carpathians. As the refinery's furnaces blaze, it illuminates a path towards a future where Romania stands tall among the nations of Europe, an industrial giant guided by the principles of National-Communism and the genius of its people. |[/sub]
[sub]E scris pe Tricolor unire! Pe roșu steag liberator! Prin lupte sub a lor umbrire, spre Comunism urcăm în zbor![/sub]
[sub]Trăiască Partidul Comunist Român în frunte cu al său secretar general, tovarășul Constantin Rotaru![/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, The Great Expanses, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[pre]| AUGUST - 八月 - 1966|[/pre]
[list][list][list][pre]PRC ★ PEOPLESÂ’ REPUBLIC OF CHINA
中华人民共和国 |[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
MINISTER CHEN YI CONDUCTS FOREIGN RELATIONS TOUR ACROSS THE GLOBE:
THE PEOPLEÂ’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA SEEKS WITH AN OPEN HEART TO BUILD STRONG BONDS ACROSS THE GLOBE!
陈毅部长开展全球外交工作:
中华人民共和国以开放的心态寻求在全球范围内建立牢固的联系!
[sub]”To not make Friends, is to make enemies - 一 不交朋友就是树敌” - Mao Tse-tung[/sub]
[pre]| As a grand cultural revolution takes place across China, Minister of Foreign Affairs Marshal Chen Yi would be tasked by the Chairman to take advantage of the recent breakdown in Soviet-Yugoslav relations and assert itself once again in Africa and the broader third world. Discussions were not set in stone, but Chinese diplomats assume the discussion of Military and Economic will be the paramount topics of the tour with all nations involved and speciality topics dependent on the situations of those countries! |[/pre]
[Pre]Sino-Yugoslav Summit: Belgrade[/pre]
[Pre]Sino-Kurdish Summit: Ahmed[/pre]
[Pre]Sino-Tanzanian Summit: Dar es Salaam[/pre]
[Pre]Sino-Yemeni Summit: SanaÂ’a[/pre]
[list][list][pre]SERVE THE PEOPLE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]为人民服务![/pre][/list][/list]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list]SHOWA 41 | AUGUST 1966[/list]
[list][list]戦前の日本の残響
[pre]ECHOES OF PRE-WAR JAPAN[/pre][/list][/list]
[pre] H I N O M O T O N O K U N I [/pre]
[list][list][sub][pre] オー・スネイル 富士山に登ろう でも、ゆっくり、ゆっくり
O Snail; Climb Mount Fuji But slowly, slowly![/pre][/sub][/list][/list]
MYOEN-JI TEMPLE
[sub]SHIMONOSEKI, YAMAGUCHI PREFECTURE, Nippon-Nihon — MORNINGTIME[/sub]
| At the ancient Japanese temple Myoen-ji in Ozuki, after 21 years, seven former Japanese army pilots gathered with 49 middle-aged matrons. The years passed and they grew older, but they still remember the war times. These men were part of the Katsura Squadron, one of the Kamikaze (“Divine Wind”) Special Attack Corps groups. The twelve fighters of the Katsura Squadron departed the Ozuki airstrip to be assigned to a mission. The way things turned out, they needn’t have worried. The planes that the Japanese Air Force provided to pilots were obsolete and in poor condition. |
[list]| ATSUKO HORI, [sub]HOSTESS[/sub] | “You still look handsome since I last saw you 21 years ago.”[/list]
[list][list]21年前に最後にお会いして以来、あなたは今でもハンサムです。[/list][/list]
| Three of the pilots eventually embarked on Kamikaze missions. But one by one, the other nine were forced to crash or land. Except for one pilot who passed away, they were still waiting for a replacement aircraft when the war ended. It was Mrs. ATSUKO HORI, now married to a businessman, who tracked down the pilots and invited them to a meeting. For KENJI KATAYAMA, a polite 43-year-old farm worker from Kyoto, this invitation brought with it a lot of nostalgia for those days when Japanese pilots were coerced into giving their lives for the glory of the nation. The seven pilots had no problem recognizing the women. During a lunch of rice, shredded cuttlefish, and beer the men and women exchanged toast, promising to meet again next year. |
Arcanda, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][pre]OCTOBER of 1966[/pre][/list]
[pre]THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS
Союз Советских Социалистических Республик[/pre]
[pre]NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV RESIGNS! COMMUNIST PARTY ELECTS ALEXEI KOSYGIN AS THE NEW GENERAL SECRETARY OF THE SOVIET UNION![/pre]
[pre]НИКИТА ХРУЩЕВ УХОДИТ В ОТСТАВКУ! КОММУНИСТИЧЕСКАЯ ПАРТИЯ ИЗБИРАЕТ АЛЕКСЕЯ КОСЫГИНА НОВЫМ ГЕНЕРАЛЬНЫМ СЕКРЕТАРЕМ СОВЕТСКОГО СОЮЗА!
[/pre]
| [sub]In the eyes of the world, the Soviet Union received the news of the withdrawal of Yugoslavia from its Warsaw Pact with eerie cordial hospitality. In the decades prior, Moscow had responded to such acts equivalent to rebellion with brute forces, dispatching the Red Army to guarantee national stability during crisis periods in fellow socialist nations in Eastern Europe. Now, Moscow appears to have reached an agreement with Belgrade for the continuation of what has otherwise been a relatively friendly partnership between Tito and Khrushchev. The momentous shift in Eastern Bloc politics comes after a tense clash between Romania and Yugoslavia over the custody of Yugoslav citizens involved in an attempted hardliner coup against the Yugoslav government. While Romania eventually conceded to returning the coup plotters, Yugoslavia was almost certainly shaken by the incident and Moscow's decision to stay out until the last moment, when the General Secretary dispatched Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko to resolve the situation. Now, the Warsaw Pact is left shaken with the departure of a key member, and Moscow - while confident still on the world stage - was scrambling for answers, and someone to blame.[/sub] |
| [sub]Initially, eyes fell on Gromyko at the Soviet Foreign Ministry. In several security briefings he had downplayed the need for Moscow to intervene in the debate between Yugoslavia and Romania, describing the situation as a "minor, petty dispute" and something that needed no significant amount of attention. The Soviets and their intelligence agencies had watched the attempted hardliner coup in Belgrade with great interest and significant doses of caution, but otherwise considered the situation between Bucharest and Belgrade to be a minor one. When Yugoslav centrist parties backed a motion to depart the Warsaw Pact, Gromyko was quickly dispatched by Nikita Khrushchev, the Communist Party's General Secretary, to resolve the situation and mediate an outcome. Yugoslavia, however, now dominated by centrist and non-socialist parties more akin to Western nations in terms of the political composition of its legislature, did not break its resolve. Gromyko returned to Moscow with an agreement to maintain existing trade and military partnerships until at least 1975 with option for renewal. Being a titan of Soviet foreign policy, however, Gromyko would survive any sacking by Khrushchev.[/sub] |
| [sub]As the reality of the situation began to set in durin the weeks immediately after Yugoslavia's withdrawal, and worries about eyebrows raised in fellow Warsaw Pact nations growing within the Kremlin, factions within the CPSU began a more earnest search for a reason why the entire fiasco had happened. A meeting of the Central Committee saw Khrushchev fail to attend, citing health reasons, leaving First Deputy Premier and prominent reformist Alexei Kosygin to chair the meeting. During this, several members spoke out on the issue and demanded changes in leadership amid what they believed could be the first step towards a much bigger issue for Moscow. Nikolai Podgorny, the leader of the CPSU's most conservative faction (moderate in comparison to Brezhnev's clique), was the greatest voice for this "change in leadership", which was already understood as code for Khrushchev's removal. Podgorny envisioned in his mind his own rise to power and the return of moderate hardliners to power. Kosygin himself was understanding of the complexities of the situation and met with Khrushchev in secret several days later. The details of the meeting were never disclosed, and took place over the course of 25 October 1966, at Khrushchev's holiday dacha in Crimea. The next day, upon his return to Moscow, Nikita Khrushchev announced his resignation as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and as the Premier of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.[/sub] |
[list][pre]"I make this decision with a heavy heart but with a deep and careful understanding of the unique place our nation is presently in. I trust that the Party will continue to lead our great nation and the socialist proletariats of the world with a commitment to our ideological cornerstones and to our global partners and allies in the quest for true socialism and the development of a workers' world."[/pre][/list]
| [sub]Khrushchev's resignation sent shockwaves through the international world and initiated the motions for a potential power struggle, such as the one Khrushchev benefited from when he succeeded Stalin after his death. The party moved into action immediately, however, and Podgorny, to his surprise, was instantly locked out of the position of General Secretary, also alternatively known as First Secretary. To the surprise of none, the growing reformist faction of the CPSU had mobilized efficiently to secure and lock in the support of crucial members of the Central Committee, the Politburo, and the Supreme Soviet - all behind Alexei Kosygin. Khrushchev had not directly outlined anyone as his successor, though some pointed potentially to Gromyko or Anastas Mikoyan, a diplomat who played significant roles in building Soviet foreign policy, especially in convincing Gromyko to back detente. Khrushchev did not endorse any candidate to succeed him as de facto leader of the USSR, but privately told members of the Central Committee that he did not consider Podgorny leadership material.[/sub] |
| [sub]Thus, by a near unanimous vote, and with the influential backing of Administrator of Affairs Andrei Kirilenko and Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Pyotr Lomako, both notable reformists, the Politburo elected Alexei Kosygin as the Seventh General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Immediately afterward, he was elected by the entire Supreme Soviet as the Premier of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Addressing a conference of members of the Central Committee, the Politburo, and top officials from the Ministry of Defense and Gosplan, the state economic planning agency, Kosygin outlined his plans to immediately tackle the most crucial issues facing the USSR. His first act as General Secretary was the demotion of Andrei Gromyko to the position of Deputy Foreign Minister, the ascension of Anastas Mikoyan to the position of Foreign Minister, and the appointment of Andrei Kirilenko as the new First Deputy Premier. Kosygin brings reformist ideology to the very top of the CPSU food chain, ushering in a potential immense period of change for the Soviet Union.[/sub] |
| [sub]Kosygin, in his first foreign policy act, also called the heads of state of the Warsaw Pact to an emergency conference in Moscow. Yugoslavia was to be invited as an observer as a courtesy.[/sub] |
____
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Tritona, Arcanda, Paseo, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Greater Kurdistane, Poland1St, Le Equatoria
God the RP has gotten so good in this regon
Paramountica, Kewtpuff, The Communist Party Of Rsr, Poland1St
His Excellency Criticizes Khrushchev's Resignation as Warsaw Pact Faces Leadership Shift
[sub]October 1966, Central Committee of The Communist Party of Romania, Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania[/sub]
| The resignation of Nikita Khrushchev as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Premier of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics has sent shockwaves throughout the Warsaw Pact, Europe and the World. His successor, Comrade Alexey Kosygin, assumes a crucial role in shaping the future of the socialist collaboration between the member states of the COMECON and the Warsaw Pact.
| In a statement addressing the abrupt resignation of Nikita Khrushchev, His Excellency, the Genius of the Carpathians Comrade Constantin Rotaru, did not mince words. From the inside of the Central Committee, at an emergency CC session he declared:
[sub]"The departure of Khrushchev is nothing but an act of... cowardice, a retreat from the responsibilities entrusted to him by the Soviet people and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union! In these challenging times, true leaders face adversity head-on, unyielding in their commitment to the principles that bind us!... The challenges we face require leaders of resilience and fortitude, not those who shy away when the path ahead grows difficult! Romania stands firm, resolute in dedication to socialist principles. We shall navigate these uncertain waters with great determination, defending the unity, independence and sovereignty of Romania, for the people demand nothing less than that!." - Comrade Constantin Rotaru[/sub]
| Simultaneously, the Socialist Republic of Romania extends a warm welcome to Comrade Alexey Kosygin as the newly appointed General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Premier of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. His Excellency expressed optimism about the future of the Warsaw Pact under Comrade Kosygin's leadership, citing his reputation for diplomatic prowess and commitment:
[sub]"... In spite of Khrushchev's resignation, the Socialist Republic of Romania extends a warm welcome to Comrade Kosygin. I look forward to our meeting in Moscow, to discuss the crucial matters that worry us all so greatly. We stand in solidarity with Comrade Kosygin, the CPSU and the people of the Soviet Union." - Comrade Constantin Rotaru[/sub]
[sub]| The resignation of Nikita Khrushchev has introduced a new chapter in the history of the Warsaw Pact. The warm welcome extended to Comrade Alexey Kosygin signals a commitment to maintaining collaborative relationships despite the challenges posed by Yugoslavia's and Khrushchev's departure. |[/sub]
[sub]E scris pe Tricolor unire! Pe roșu steag liberator! Prin lupte sub a lor umbrire, spre Comunism urcăm în zbor![/sub]
[sub]Trăiască Partidul Comunist Român în frunte cu al său secretar general, tovarășul Constantin Rotaru![/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, The Communist Party Of Rsr, Poland1St, Le Equatoria
[list]31 AUGUST 1966
[sub]HAMHUNG - KINGDOM OF KOREA[/sub][/list]
[list][list][pre]| FIRST SECRETARY EMBARKS ON A PRIVATE TOUR OF KOREA [/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]| 首相 朝鮮 비공개(非公開) 觀光 始作 [/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][pre]| КОРЕЯГА ХОСУСЫЙ ТУР [/pre][/list][/list]
| First Secretary Marina Ten arrived in Hamhung accompanied by a small ‘delegation’ including the Head of the Koryo-Tatar Academy of Science Cingiz Gimaev and other members of the Academy. The group embarked on a two-week tour of the country, visiting Hamhung, Pyongyang, Kaesong, Seoul, and Busan. The private group is expected to tour public spaces, cultural sites, and educational institutions all to promote cross-border cultural relations. The group will further meet with local officials as private citizens to discuss topics of interest.
In Hamhung, the First Secretary and her private group toured the facilities of the Hamhung University of Education and met with local students. In a small group setting, the First Secretary spoke on the life and achievements of compatriots in the Soviet Union, as well as many of the cultural developments taking place in the Koryo-Tatar ASSR. After they met with students and on the last day in Hamhung, the group met with local leadership at an industrial complex where the First Secretary applauded the achievements of the country in its rebuilding efforts after the war. The First Secretary likened KoreaÂ’s rebuild and development effort to that of the Soviet Union after the Great Patriotic War. Before leaving for Pyongyang, members of the Academy of Sciences visited a local branch of the Academy of Sciences and held several discussions on areas of interest, including collaboration in the social sciences. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, The Communist Party Of Rsr, Poland1St, Le Equatoria
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
QUARTER-FINALS: ENGLAND v PORTUGAL
---------------------------------------
A very warm welcome to all those joining us today, we are coming live from Wembley Stadium in London for the first quarter-final match of the FIFA World Cup. It's been a journey to get here for both teams and it's all coming down to it now as the teams will battle for their place in the semi-finals and a chance at making it to the coveted World Cup Final for a chance to be crowned champions this year. The fans are still flooding into the stadium and the teams have yet to make their appearance so while we wait, let's re-acquaint ourselves with our competitors for this match.
England are the hosts and the definitive favourites to win this year, they've enjoyed a strong few years in International Football to bring their ranking up to the top 10 after years in the wilderness and have shown their skill so far in this tournament. They've enjoyed a perfect group stage defeating Benelux, Mexico and Morocco without conceding a goal, with their standout team play being the envy of their opponents as they quickly advanced into the knockout stages. They were paired with newcomers Japan, who managed to score against the England side and hold them to a draw until the very last moments before coming undone, booking England's ticket to the next round. They will be in high spirits today, playing at their home venue in their home World Cup, the advantage will definitely be them tonight.
Portugal are on their way to break the record for the most successful debut performance in World Cup history. Their first appearance in the World Cup, Portugal have been largely overlooked in the football world before this tournament, where they drew with eventually knockout-stage team Korea, defeated Colombia and shocked the 1962 Runners-up Czechoslovakia to go through to the knockout stages. They faced Bulgaria in the Round of 16 who they dispatched with a neat 3-0 scoreline to make it here tonight. Portugal are lead by their talisman Eusebio, a player who looks set to break records in the international and club football scene, and are backed by a young but talented squad to round out a solid team. They will be looking to upset the hosts tonight and with their recent run of form it's completely possible we could be in for a shock.
And the fans are making some noise as the teams walk out onto the field for the first half. The players line-up for the national anthems, both sides showing pride and determination for this game. While we wait, let's have a look at the line-ups for today.
England
Gordon Banks will be in goal, having only conceded a single goal this entire tournament, he's been in fine form. The defensive line will consist of George Cohen, Ray Wilson, Jack Charlton and captain Bobby Moore. The midfield ahead of them will e Nobby Styles, Alan Ball, Bobby Charlton and Martin Peters, as we look to the forwards who are Geoff Hurst and Jimmy Greaves tonight.
Portugal
Americo, the Portuguese number 1 will be in goal tonight for this all-important match. He will be supported by defenders Vicente, Germano, Joao Morais and Alexandre Baptista. The midfield will see Fernando Peres, Hilario and captain Mario Coluna, and Portugal will opt for three forwards today, Joao Lourenco, Eusebio and Jose Torres to start the match.
The players shake hands and they exchange their crests at the centre as the referee flips the coin to see who will take the kick-off here. It will be the hosts who will kick-off the match here, the players are getting into their positions as the referee prepares to start the match, the anticipation growing in the stadium here today.
---------------------------------------
FIRST HALF
The whistle blows and we are underway, Hurst sending the ball back into the central midfield as England look to hold possession in this early game. George Cohen looks to take the ball down the line, making his way past the midfield but he's caught by Vicente, who quickly disposes of the ball back to Hilario. He sends the long ball down to Fernando Peres, who wastes no time passing it through to Joao Lourenco waiting for him, and then onto Eusebio, who can't make it past Jack Charlton this time and loses possession. England try to make a run with in on the right this time but are quickly stopped, Germano sending it forward to Jose Torres, who tries to find space to make the run but is caught by Ray Wilson who gets it forward again, England looking unopposed with 4 men against 3 in Portugal's half. The Portuguese team are rushing back to as they feign a move to the left, before sending it to Jimmy Greaves, who does find his space and is one-on-one with Americo. He takes his shot and... SAVED! Not enough power on that ball to trouble the keeper who collects it to send it back into play.
The ball is quickly disposed of down the field and heading back towards Portuguese possession in the midfield. They're trying to find a route through but England's midfielders are closing them down here, they're forced to play the short-game and pass between them to try and find space. Mario Coluna has players England players all around him here. They're trying to find a way through with Hilario here but they lose possession and Bobby Charlton takes a run down the field, before being quickly dispossessed and the tables turn again, Hilario making his run towards the English defence. Nothing comes of it as Ray Wilson takes the ball from him, and you'd mistake these teams for playing a game of tennis here as the ball exchanges hands over and over, neither side able to find a way through.
Fernando Peres takes possession in the centre and makes a run down the left-side towards the England goal. He's got teammates in the centre waiting for him to get into space to cross but before he can the ball is abruptly kicked from his feet and out for a throw-in. This could be Portugal's first chance of the game here. The ball goes to the Fernando Peres, who feigns a cross to get the ball back to the Joao Lourenco who tries his luck from outside the box... SAVED! Just deflected by Gordon Banks as the ball flies across the face of the goal, collected by Bobby Moore and sent forward to eliminate the threat. That must have been uncomfortable for Banks, that was a powerful shot there and could have caused them some serious problems. The ball bounces around in the midfield again, England particularly struggling to get past Portugal's defence and finding themselves again on the back-foot as Eusebio takes the ball, and he finds space to strike... SAVED AGAIN!! Another shot deflected by Banks, and collected by his defenders before it can go out for a corner. Portugal looking strong out front today and England will definitely be worried about those front three.
England are really struggling to find a way through here as the match seems to be turning in Portugal's favour. They seize possession in the midfield and get it forward to Geoff Hurst, trying to pass between him and the Jimmy Greaves as they slowly advance towards Portugal's box before Greaves is brought down by the Joao Morais, and they lose possession again as the ball is quickly sent forward to Eusebio, who loses his marker and starts running at the goal, Lourenco in support, and England are in danger again. Eusebio tries to take a solo run but is closed down quickly by England's defenders, who prevent him from going any further and quickly try to counter the Portuguese threat. Martin Peters finds some space down the line and has players in support. He passes it back into the centre to Bobby Charlton who takes a run towards the box. He's got some space here and takes a strike... GOAL!!! England take the lead!!! What a fantastic shot from Charlton, the ball flying into the top-left corner of the Portuguese goal!
The match restarts and Portugal looks to try and regain their footing. Struggling to get past England's defence, the balls hangs around in the midfield. The goal may have off-set them but there's still plenty of time for Portugal to turn this match around. Eusebio gets the ball near the centre and outpaces his marker, he's going towards goal here but he's being closed down fast by England's defenders. He reaches the edge of the box and takes a powerful strike... GOAL!! Portugal have equalised and what an incredible goal from their talisman!! Outside the box there, he had a perfect line of sight and struck the ball with such power that Gordon Banks couldn't have stopped it even if he wanted to! It's all level again at Wembley and Portugal are once again showing the world why they've gotten this far. The hosts have it all to do again, as we head to the reset.
The restart comes and England are trying to hold possession here, the forwards getting into space to encourage a breakthrough, but it's Portugal that retake possession here and they're moving well. Eusebio again with the ball in the midfield, he gets it out to Coluna who's tackled badly by Cohen but the referee doesn't give the foul, and the ball rolls out for a throw-in in a dangerous area for England. Torres collects the ball and tries to get the attack going but he's got no-one with him, and England regain possession. They send it down the left side and Nobby Styles is fouled by the half-way line, and that's our first free-kick of the match so far. They play it around in the midfield and get it through to Alan Ball, who does find the space here and charges towards the box, looking for a shot... MISSED!! By a hair the ball flies past the posts near the top right-hand corner. Just a few inches to the left and that would have been a goal, surely. Americo was nowhere near it.
And the referees whistle signals the end of the first half. A difficult half to call for both teams, they're both definitely still in this match. We'll look at some of the statistics collected from the first half, but as we go into half-time the score line reads: England 1-1 Portugal.
---------------------------------------
HALF-TIME
Well let's see what statistics we have here about that first half:
Possession
Possession has been equal during the match so far, both sides seeing an equal amount of time with the ball and keeping their chances alive. England have been most active with possession at the start and end of the half, with Portugal dominating the bulk in the middle.
Shooting
England lead in total shots, 4 to 3 against Portugal, but Portugal are enjoying better accuracy with all their shots on target, and where only 2 of Englands shots have been on target. Portugal are mainly trying to score outside of the box today, with most of Englands shots coming inside the box. Both teams seem to be aiming for the far-side of the goal.
Defending
Both side are playing an excellent defensive game but England are shining a bit brighter as we head into the secound half. Each side have committed a foul each here but England are the only team to be carded, Jack Charlton with a yellow card for his tackle of Eusebio.
I think it's still very close here, Portugal seem to be more successful on the offensive than England and that will need to change for this second-half, they can't win this game without a strong attack and those forwards are struggling up there. I think they'll want to press Portugal for possession in this next half and secure a goal, try to keep their advantage until the end of the game.
Let's join our commentary team as we head back for the second half.
---------------------------------------
SECOND HALF
The second half begins and both teams are jostling for possession in the midfield. Portugal try to make a run at the English half first but aren't able to convert, getting stuck in the centre and losing possession. The ball is sent wide to Styles, who makes a promising run down the line and to the box but he's challenged and possession for Portugal is regained by Alexandre Baptista, sending it back to Americo who fires the ball back towards the centre. They're looking for options here and Lourenco is trying to find space, he gets dispossessed briefly but it runs straight back into the path of Wilson who gets it forward to him again. Eusebio is in space but surrounded by defenders so Peres tries a solo run. He sprints past the defenders into space on the left of the goal, and fires away... SAVED! Straight into the hands of Gordon Banks, not enough power on that at all as it's sent back into the centre to be picked up by the English midfielders.
Both sides are closing down the play well here, Portugal bringing up their defenders to meet the English forwards and prevent any plays toward goal. The ball rolls forward towards Germano and onto Eusebio, who's being blocked on the left by Jack Charlton, but he tries a shot... DEFLECTED! It rolls off the foot of Charlton and away from goal. It will go for a Portuguese corner kick, and while the game sets up we see our first substitution, Ernesto Figueiredo on for Joao Lourenco, he's definitely been instrumental in Portugal's attacking play but the manager feels it's time for a change of pace here. The corner is played short and picked up by Hilario, who runs up towards the box, it's closed down by England's defence as he tries to find a slot here. He takes a shot and... SAVED! Tipped over the bar by Banks, and out for another corner kick. It's played short again, they pass it back trying to create space but the English defence is crowding them, the ball coming to Eusebio who tries his luck but it's blocked by the defenders and sent back into play away from England's goal.
Now it's England who are on the attack here, Styles playing it forward to Greaves, who passes it on to the Hurst, beating his marker to get into space here and takes a good run at goal. He takes a long shot towards goal... SAVED!! Americo deflects it away from immediate danger but the ball goes out of play and into a corner kick for England. England too will make a change, Ron Flowers on for Alan Ball as they look to liven up the play here. The ball is sent into the box but headed away by Germano, into the path of the Flowers, who's looking for a way through as they pass it around here, he finds some space at a difficult angle to shoot... SAVED! Americo deflects the shot with ease but it's out for another corner, and Portugal are still in some danger from this set piece here. The ball flies into the box, and it's Hurst who rises highest to meet it... MISSED! Just wide of the goal and out for a goal kick, the frustration is evident on his face here that should have been a goal, no doubts at all.
England are still pressing here as the goal kick comes short, almost into the path of Hurst again as the Portuguese defenders are coming under pressure. They find Hilario waiting and he tries to get the ball forward towards Eusebio, who loses possession and now England are on the counter, Bobby Charlton getting it forward to Geoff Hurst, who's ahead here and has plenty of room. He takes a run into the box and strikes... GOAL!! England have retaken the lead here!! His strike is too much for Americo who can't stop it!! After this half was looking like it would go the way of Portugal, the hosts have taken the advantage again here at Wembley and it's all too much for the fans, who are already weeping in the stands. Portugal are going to need to work hard to get themselves level again as Geoff Hurst has given them cause for celebration as we head back to the restart.
Portugal get the game restarted, and with 20 minutes left they will need to come back with something quick here. They're trying to get through the English midfield but the players are failing passes and England retake the advantage here. The ball comes to Flowers, who gets it through to Greaves, and then again to Flowers, who's got options to pass here but tries his luck on his own. He finds a route through the Portuguese defence and... SAVED!! Another poorly timed shot that runs straight into the arms of Americo, who lucks in no mood to waste time as he's quickly up to try and get rid of the ball. The ball comes to Eusebio who tries a cross to Torres but it's caught by Cohen who gets it back up the field to Styles. He's running for the counter attack here and he's almost unopposed as he runs straight toward the goal here, Americo coming to meet him... SAVED!! It's deflected but not out of danger as Hurst is waiting to meet it... but Morais gets in the way and the ball is cleared! A tense moment for Portugal and they'll need to do a lot better than that with time running out.
It's 10 minutes remaining here and England are still pressing Portugal, running counter after counter attack as the Portuguese struggle to hold onto possession. The game has definitely turned from the first half and it's England's game to lose here. Portugal get the ball in the centre where it's headed onto Figueiredo, who's surrounded by midfielders as he tries to look for space here. Eusebio is in play and receives the ball. He tries another shot from outside the box... MISSED!! Just wide of the goal and he looks furious with himself. He should've taken more time on that shot, he can't afford to be wasting these kind of chances this late in the game. Both sides making changes here, Norman Hunter for Wilson for England and Alberto Festa for Baptista for Portugal. The ball makes it out to Hurst, who's in space on the left hand side of the goal but it's tight, and he tries a shot... DEFLECTED!! Americo stops it and the ball flies out where it's caught by Bobby Moore, who heads the ball back into the path of Hurst, who's in space again and shoots... GOAL!!! It's 3-1!! England are comfortably ahead and might have just booked their ticket to their first ever semi-final of a World Cup!! Unbelievable scenes here as they celebrate!! It could be all over for Portugal now!!
And the final whistle blows!! England are victorious and head to their first ever World Cup semi-final!! Look what it means to them as the squad rushes the pitch to celebrate and Wembley shakes with the sound of the fans. Portugal are stunned, dejected even, as they stand motionless in the chaos. They've had a fantastic run in this tournament, but it just wasn't meant to be this time, they needed to do more, but they couldn't find it today. England will go through and face the winner of our next match, Brazil or West Germany.
[spoiler=Score]
FINAL SCORE: England 3-1 Portugal
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, The Kemalist Republic Of Turkiye, The Communist Party Of Rsr, Poland1St, Le Equatoria
[list][list][sub]𝚅𝙸𝙸𝙸.1966[/sub]
[sub]I DUE IMPERI[/sub]
THE TWO EMPIRES[/list]
[list][list][pre]The Agnelli Family and Enrico Mattei:
A Discrete Rivalry.
[/pre][/list][/list]
TORINO, PIEMONTE, REGNO DÂ’ITALIA
[sub]Agnelli Estate
[nation=flag]Arcanda[/nation][/sub][/list]
[list]| The facetious historian would point to a striking similarity between the modern Italian Kingdom and its city-state predecessors of the Renaissance: The increasing prevalence of a select few families, wielding a growing political influence in the shape of donations, networks of support and connections—a trend not stopped in the least by the divisions of Italian society and a bureaucracy often ripe with corruption and oversights. And while the South remains mired in poverty, its dominant families belonging to the mafia, the North—by all accounts, the nation's vital industrial core—is in the hands of just as famous, but more acceptable men. And with the growing irrelevance of the old nobility, those new families are growing their power base not out of blood relations or geographic origin, but industrial might and money. A prime example would be the Agnelli Family, the country's richest and most influential, and the closest Italian equivalent to America's Kennedys. In their fief of Turin, on the 13th of August, the family held an informal reunion to commemorate the centenary of the family patriarch and FIAT, S.p.A. founder Giovanni Agnelli, who died of old age in the harsh post-war years. They had much to owe to Giovanni, the son of a humble politician who, in a mere twenty years, had started Italy's most powerful company. This year, its sales are predicted to amount close to $1.7 million and 1,750,000 cars produced—and while those numbers are now mostly sustained by the sales of passenger cars, trucks and tractors have their own separate branch. |
| At the head of FIAT, S.p.A. is the quadragenarian Giovanni "Gianni" Agnelli—a man of high culture and aphorisms, always sporting impeccable menswear, owner of the Juventus FC, mayor since 1945 of Villar Perosa, a minuscule mountain village on the edges of Turin, where he also has his summer residence, and since this year, Chairman of the company that his father had founded. An impressive comeback for the Heir, who had only been reinstated as manager three years ago, after nearly twenty years of state ownership as retribution for the the immense profits turned by Fiat while at the service of Mussolini's P.N.F. Such reinstatement even crowning him as il segondo Re d'Italia, Italy's King-in-second. Indeed, from the same fief as the House of Savoy, he commands a titanic industrial empire: 4% of the Kingdom's gross industrial product, 3% of its industrial workforce, and 15% of its industrial investment in research—with those numbers rising continuously for ten years, and numerous companies, both auto-related and not, being slated for purchase by Fiat: Autobianchi will be officially purchased next year, and already there is talk that Gianni Agnelli has his sights set on even more prestigious prizes: Ferrari and Alitalia. Meanwhile, international expansion is also high on the agenda, with FIAT cars being sold across the common market in Western Europe, and now starting operations beyond the Iron Curtain, with a brand-new factory in the Soviet Union. |
| Such industrial power can only translate into political influence, something that has always dominated the family's history, with ties to the successive regimes in place in the Kingdom. Officially a lifelong independent, Gianni Agnelli and several other members of the Agnelli Family-his siblings Susanna, Maria and Umberto-have often thrown their weight behind Republican causes. However, despite the King's impopularity, such positions would cease to be tenable. Today, thus, the Agnellis' donations and networking extend to smaller parties, often backers of the ruling DC (Since 1963, in an unholy alliance with the moderate left of the PSI). Such parties would be, in turn, the Liberal Party and the PSDI, a moderate socialist-reformist splinter of the PSI. And against the Communists and the unions, he would hold fervently pro-Western and capitalist views, as expressed during a toast at the August '66 celebrations at his estate. |
[list]"The central position of Italy, as one of the pillars of the European Community and the Atlantic Alliance, has been a blessing for the development of industry, ideas and commerce. It has always been verified that such approach is the winning gamble for peace, its dividends being naturally rising revenues, rising investment, and a higher degree of human development. Nevertheless, those values are fragile, and nurture them we must. This is why, while we are not opposed to commerce and industrial development with differently-minded nations, we must be careful of not opening up our country to dangerous men wielding dangerous ideas. Like the Fascists of old, certain groups today seek a totalitarian grasp of Italian society and business. It is not in the interest of the country or the company to let them succeed, and they must be opposed at every turn."
[list][sub]— Giovanni "Gianni" Agnelli, 13th of August, 1966.[/sub][/list][/list]
| Against the older Agnelli Family, tracing its roots to the nascent industrial sector of the novecento, and its broad support of a centrist, capitalist and pro-Western order, stood a single man. Not the scion of any powerful house, Enrico Mattei traces his successes to the very state that had once dispossessed the Agnellis of their golden-egg goose. Originally a government administrator, Mattei built Italy's second wealth empire in less than two decades, pioneering fruitful partnerships with the UAR, Romania, the Soviet Union; bridging in the early '60s the Italo-Slovene rift by the soon-to-be-finished Transalpine Pipeline, and, at home, influencing the Moro Cabinets to subsidize a promising computer industry. A truly self-made man, but also a man on his own, without an expansive industrial family to back him. Nonetheless an influential one: He commands his Empire from the New Rome and the Palazzo ENI with a steady hand; and while he faces strong competition from the new Trans-Mediterranean Pipeline, he very much counts on his Transalpine enterprise to bring new riches to his country. |
| Mattei's starkly different origins, and his credentials as an organizer of the anti-Fascist Italian resistance, have fostered a growing gap with the Agnellis, whom he met only twice. Counting on a close personal guard of former resistance fighters ever since his near-death in 1961, Mattei has continued to be an unrepentant third-worldist, with frequent gripes on the continued French dominion over Algeria. Positions that the cynic would attribute to the obvious material benefits he derives from them; that the idealist would credit to his own personal story of growth and conquest,in essence closer to the struggle of a third-worldist than that of an old-time capitalist. For years, he has cultivated his image as a rebel, a pioneer, and a diplomat, with a notable close friendship forged with Nasser, the Rais of the Arabs. |
[list]"One can only applaud the current rapprochement of East and West. [...] Nevertheless, let me be clear. Some interests, American and French in particular, have always looked on with envy at the prosperity generated by our ENI. [...] We also know that the Atlantists in Italy do not look kindly upon our close bonds with the so-called Third World. But this is the pride of my company and I hope the pride of Italy, to look beyond blocs and trade with all. I can only hope for better relations with Egypt, Romania, Yugoslavia, and all the other peoples of this Earth, and of course, freedom to those still currently under the boot of very much hypocritical great powers, on both sides of the so-called ideological divide."
[list][sub]— Remarks by Enrico Mattei to Oggi, June 1966.[/sub][/list][/list]
| While also a refined individual, Mattei offers a stark contrast to Agnelli—and does not hold back, at the risk of creating unnecessary conflicts or, as one says, to throw oil on the fire. And, owing to the strategic importance of ENI, and the fact that he has never been an opponent to the state but rather a very helpful partner, Mattei's connections to the ruling DC party also run deep, and have been credited with the country's peculiar stance of opening-up over the past ten years, a fact not looked at kindly by the Turinese automobile aristocrats—Mattei being one of the constants behind the ephemeral cabinets leading the country. While the rivalry between Agnelli and Mattei is unlikely to devolve into blood feuds like those of the Renaissance, the opposed avenues of power taken by both men set them apart. If united by the logical link between the growth of the automobile sector and the continually low prices of oil, they are every year taken further apart by different political goals. |
[list][list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty[/sub]
EVVIVA L'ITALIA!
—]
[nation]Adriatican Islands[/nation]
[nation]Al-Oman[/nation]
[nation]Amsterwald[/nation]
[nation]Arcanda[/nation]
[nation]Brazil Toucan[/nation]
[nation]Cascadla[/nation]
[nation]Cheezaslovakia[/nation]
[nation]Connomia[/nation]
[nation]East Germany DDR[/nation]
[nation]Great Britain GB[/nation]
[nation]Greater Kurdistane[/nation]
[nation]Israelli[/nation]
[nation]Kewtpuff[/nation]
[nation]Kotakuan II[/nation]
[nation]Ma-li[/nation]
[nation]Maziya[/nation]
[nation]Metropolitan Francais[/nation]
[nation]Neepal[/nation]
[nation]Nevbrejnovitz[/nation]
[nation]Newauroria[/nation]
[nation]New Provenance[/nation]
[nation]Nileia[/nation]
[nation]Nippon-Nihon[/nation]
[nation]OsivoII[/nation]
[nation]Paramountica[/nation]
[nation]Paseo[/nation]
[nation]Peking Zhongguo[/nation]
[nation]Pontianus[/nation]
[nation]Provenancia[/nation]
[nation]Ranponian[/nation]
[nation]Rutannia[/nation]
[nation]Saudi Arabiyah[/nation]
[nation]Socialist Democratic Republic Romania[/nation]
[nation]Spainard[/nation]
[nation]Sudesam[/nation]
[nation]Turkiye 1st[/nation]
[nation]Vancouver Straits[/nation]
[nation]Victoria Harbor[/nation]
[nation]Vietnam SV[/nation]
[nation]Virnall[/nation]
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, The Communist Party Of Rsr, Sport-Internationale, Le Equatoria, Xinjiapou
The Singapore Post:
Lee Kwan Yew Requests A Meeting With the US
[I]Today, our glorious Prime Minister has reached out to the President of the United States to discuss movements of the Soviets in South East Asia, and growing and mounting public fears of Communist revolt here in the Republic of Singapore. The 1960's has seen great unrest and the conditions in Singapore materially worsen despite economic growth, and we are seeing a mass immigration of Singaporean nationals to Indonesia, the United States, India, and China as the situation here worsens due to poor economic regulations causing widespread pollution and a crisis slowly brewing due to poor working conditions.
New government housing options enter market
[I] In the last few weeks, Xinjiapou Construction, a publicly opened corporation, has bought up several stretches of privately owned land and begun to develop new condominiums, buying land from private residents at an average of 2% above market price and relocating these families into temporary housing. The government has promised these families will be hosted by private hotels the government has bought contracts with for several years while the new block of high rise condominiums are built. Construction is expected to start next May and last until the later half of 1969. Over 100 families have already jumped on this opportunity and the new high rise condominiums will provide over 4000 new living units and will add quite a beautiful new stretch of urban development to the Singaporean skyline.
Unemployment the lowest it's ever been
[I]Thanks to the intervention of the policies of the government, unemployment has fallen down to just 6.3%, down from 7.2% last year, due to all the new urban development jobs being created by the government, from development of new roads and housing to clean up projects around the city to keep the streets clean, the nation has seen an explosion in new jobs in the last 6 months and the number is expected to continue to decrease as the Prime Minister works on his agenda to have as many foreign nations invest in the development and urbanization of Singapore as possible.
New Options in Public Transportation
[I]The recently formed Singapore National Transport Committee, a division of the Land Transport Authority, has partnered with newly formed company SingaLine to develop new rail and ferry systems across all the 36 major islands of Singapore, with the Singapore National Transport Committee also devoting over 2,000,000,000 Singaporean Dollars to the expansion of the roadways to develop bikeways and bus lanes for transit around the country that will be unimpeded by other traffic. Development is expected to start in November and last well into the 1970s. Chairman Ng Lang of the Land Transport Authority said in a public statement today that this year marks a new commitment by the government of Singapore to the people: "It is out duty to provide the people of Singapore with the ability to move throughout the islands as they desire so that they might access new job opportunities and new housing opportunities. The Prime Minister and I have been working very closely together in making this happen, and with the support of the people, it is our intent for Singapore to work to transition to having some of the finest public transportation in the world. It is our hope that we can achieve this dream in our lifetimes."[/I]
Rutannia, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, The Communist Party Of Rsr, Sport-Internationale, Le Equatoria
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
QUARTER-FINALS: BRAZIL v WEST GERMANY
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Good evening and welcome back to today's live coverage of the FIFA World Cup quarter-finals. The atmosphere is one of hope and tension here at Villa Park in Birmingham as we prepare for the match to come, and what a match it will be, between two of footballs titans for a spot in the semi-finals. Earlier today we saw the hosts England book their spot on the semi-finals after overcoming a valiant Portuguese side 3-1, and the winner of this match will face the hosts for their chance to advance to the World Cup Final. For the first time we have two World Cup Champions facing against each other. Brazil are the reigning World Champions, West Germany are the 1954 World Champions, and this is the most high-stakes game of the tournament yet. Let's take a moment to recap the journey of these teams so far.
Brazil qualified top of the Americas to book their space in the tournament, alongside European champions Spain, Sudan and Iran. They conceded only two goals in the group stages to advance to the quarter-finals where they faced the United Arab Republic, and quickly dispatched the African side to come face-to-face with the Germans today. Some analysts have argued that Brazil has not faced a true challenger aside from Spain in the competition so far, facing off against teams that they were far superior to. Whilst on paper that may be true, it's hard when you are sporting what some are calling the greatest international team of all time, one that has one two World Cups back-to-back and has become only the second team in history to do so after Italy. Many people going into the tournament expect Brazil to break that record and make it three times in a row, but before then they still have work to do.
West Germany are one of the most solid teams in Europe and have been a consistent high ranking team in the world for the past decade. West Germany is the last team to win the World Cup that wasn't Brazil, and some would have hoped to see these two sides face head-to-head in the final. They enjoyed a successful qualification period which saw them top their group against strong opponents including Benelux and Spain, and finish well ahead of their rivals to qualify. They dispatched Honduras, Saudi Arabia and rivals Norden in the group stages, claiming a perfect group and are among the only teams in the tournament yet to concede a goal. They defeated giants Yugoslavia in the round of 16 in a convincing display to secure their spot against Brazil today, and I think the match will be one for the ages.
The roar of the fans signal the arrival of the teams on the pitch for the national anthems and presentation, whilst that goes on, let's have a look at the line-ups for our teams today:
Brazil
Gilmar will be in goal for Brazil today. His defence will be Fidelis, captain Hilderaldo Bellini, Altair and Orlando. The midfield will be Gerson, Zito, Jairzinho and Alcindo to start, with strong substitutes waiting. The forwards will be top-scorers Pele and Garrincha to create a menacing squad to face the Germans today.
West Germany
Hans Tilkowski will start in goal for West Germany. The defence will be Horst-Dieter Hottges, Karl-Heinz Schnellinger, Willi Schulz and Wolfgang Weber. The equally terrifying German midfield with be headed by Franz Beckenbauer, Albert Brulls, Wolfgang Overath and Max Lorenz, and to start the forward two will be Helmut Haller and captain Uwe Seeler.
The anthems finish and the players shake hands, wishing each-other luck before the game to come. Hilderaldo Bellini and Uwe Seeler meet in the middle for the coin-toss, going Brazil's way and exchange their token flags as they set formation for the match, the tension rising and the noise deafening from the Brazilian and German fans at Villa Park tonight.
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FIRST HALF
The whistle blows and we are underway, Pele dropping the ball back into the midfield, where it's passed along to Alcindo. They try to play it along the pitch to Gerson but it's intercepted by Wolfgang Overath as he tries to move forward and West Germany get their first taste of the ball. They try to move it along, looking for space for Seeler in the centre but it's caught out by Hilderado Bellini who disrupts their flow. Throw-in for West Germany as Alcindo loses control of the ball whilst under pressure. Horst-Dieter Hottges makes a good attempt at running down the line but can't find a way through the Brazilian defence, and it goes out again for a Brazilian throw-in. Alcindo makes a good run down the line and he's in space, chipping the ball over the German midfield to find Pele, who has the space to make a run toward goal but he's quickly closed down. He tries to pass back to Garrincha, but the ball is intercepted by Willi Schulz and disposed of.
Beckenbauer receives it and tries to find a way through the centre but is quickly dispossessed by Zito, who knocks the ball down to Gerson and he's in space for a cross here... but it's Wolfgang Weber with a surgical tackle there to knock the ball out of play and concede a Brazilian corner kick. Brazil are already looking dangerous and looking for their chances at goal here. The corner comes in short, and they try to find a way to get it into the box but Weber deflects it away, only to find Garrincha, who charges forward trying to get a good angle at goal and... SAVED!! It was too ambitious even for him as he fails to get the right power on the ball and it's an easy save for Hans Tilkowski. It's West Germany on the attack now, trying to get the ball down the field to find the forwards, but they're closed down by Brazils defence, who get the ball back to Gerson for the counter. He makes a daring run to the German box and tries to cross... but it's deflected by Weber, an overhead kick getting it away but not for long as it finds Jairzinho, who gets it back to Gerson who tries again by chipping to Garrincha... headed away this time by Schnellinger, but it's still not out of play as the ball tries to land, and Gerson collides mid-air with Weber... and the referee calls the foul. It's a free-kick for West Germany here, and a potential injury for Weber there, which could be a serious loss for the Germans this early in the game.
Tilkowski plays it short as West Germany look to build up an attack here, trying to knock it around in the central midfield but the pace is too slow and Jairzinho takes the ball back. He gets it forward to Zito who's waiting, and the Germans are rushing back to defend yet again. Pele and Garrincha are ahead of him, he takes it around to the right side of the box for a cross... and it's intercepted again by Albert Brulls and cleared the safety. The German defence is being given a run for their money today, what a unit they've been so far in this first half. Beckenbauer collects the ball and makes a run, finding Haller in the centre, who finds Seeler further up, who's taken down by Zito and it's another free kick given, this time in space for West Germany, and they could really cause some problems for Brazil here. Beckenbauer to take, and he's got a really clean sight on goal from this distance. He takes his run, can he do it... MISSED!! Miles over the crossbar, and a disappointing effort that was.
The balls back in play here as Gilmar gets it to Gerson, who takes a good run down the line but he's gone a bit too far as nobody's caught up with him yet. Pele finds himself in the box and calls for the cross, but three German defenders are in the way and easily knock the ball out of the box. Max Lorenz tries to get the ball back up the field but is caught by Zito who knocks it back into the box to Alcindo, who finally gets it to Garrincha, who strikes... MISSED!! Another shot miles above the bar, too much power on that one and it's sent into the stands behind the German goal. Disappointing effort from someone who scores very easily from that range. Tilkowski sends it down the pitch but they lose possession again, the Brazilian midfield outclassing the Germans as they send it forward to Pele, who tries to get into space but is closed down again by the German defenders who get it back to Brulls, who's looking to pass and get the game moving forward. Helmut Haller gets the ball forward and plays the through ball to Lorenz, who gets it back to Haller at the edge of the box, he's got Jairzinho with him. He fires a cross over the head of the defenders to find Lorenz, who leaps to reach it and heads toward goal... SAVED!! Just tipped over the bar by Gilmar, and that's been his first major challenge of the game as they set up for a corner-kick.
The Germans play the corner short and it's Overath trying to look for space in the middle. He can't find the cross here so he's looking on the outside to Brulls, who takes the ball and tries his luck... blocked immediately by Zito, who clears it instantly and the ball now finds itself at the feet of Pele in the German half. He's closed down by the German defenders but finds Orlando, who makes a superb run down the line and into space, he's clear of the German defenders and ready for a cross. He fires it... and it shoots across the face of the goal to the feet of Beckenbauer waiting on the other side, Pele couldn't reach it in the centre there. The pace of the German game is worrying as they head into the midfield again, their efforts to counter being caught quickly by the far more athletic Brazilian players. They diffuse the attacking play but not for too long as Seeler picks up the ball again on the right of the pitch, he's got players in support but he's forced out of play, and it's a Brazilian throw-in.
Brazil push for a brief counter attack but it fails at the defenders and the ball is forward to Beckenbauer, who takes a run down the right side and finds his way through to the box. He passes it through again the Uwe Seeler who's waiting for him, he has all the space in the world to shoot... SAVED!! Deflected off Altair and out of the box, that should have been the opening goal for West Germany there! It goes to Overath who tries another shot... DEFLECTED!! Straight off Bellini and back out into the midfield, a poor chance that was, but West Germany aren't finished here as they ramp up their assault in the closing stages of the first half. The ball is taken by Brulls, who skilfully dances his way past Zito and finds Seeler open. He passes forward, Seeler marked by Altair, turning quickly to strike... GOAL!!! West Germany take the lead, and it's Uwe Seeler who brings them there!! They'd been begging for chances, begging for a goal, and they're patience has been rewarded, in the 44th minute here. That's got to sting for the Brazilians after their early attacks.
We're into stoppage time on the first half and Brazil are trying to run down the clock here, but Seeler hasn't had enough and he seizes possession and makes a run clear into the right side of the pitch towards the box, Brazilian defenders clamoring the get back to him. He's got the space but no players in support, as he goes it alone straight towards Gilmar. He lines up to take a shot... SAVED!! Deflected away from the goal and into the feet of Zito who clears the ball without delay. There goes the half-time whistle, and it's the Germans who walk off the field with the advantage. It's been a difficult and tiresome half for both sides, and they will need to utilise the whole break to recover and try to get their strength back for the second half. The score line as it stands: Brazil 0-1 West Germany.
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HALF-TIME
Well, West Germany have taken the advantage but for how long can they maintain it? Let's see some of the statistics from the first half.
Possession
Possession was about equal between the two teams in the first half, Brazil dominating possession in the early first half with those chances and German possession really spiking in the latter half of the first half. West Germany have been playing their game on the right-hand side of the pitch mostly, with Brazil appearing more versatile in their attacking play.
Shooting
Both sides have made a lot of attempts on goal in the first half. Brazil have made a total of 3 shots with only one of those being on target, whereas Germany have made a tital of 5 shots, 3 being on target, 1 off target and 1 blocked. West Germany are higher on shot accuracy and of course, lead on goals.
Defending
West Germany's defence have been working overtime to prevent Brazil from unleashing their strikers, and Brazil have seen a lot of their tackles coming in the German half, with very few in their own half defender against goals. Only two fouls in the match so far, both committed by Brazil as the Germans appear to be playing a very clean match today.
The match could still go either way despite Germany's advantage here, it's too close to call and definitely too close for comfort for the West German side. They can't relent heading back out onto the pitch and will need to fight to get another goal if they want to leave this match happy. Brazil are definitely still deadly and are still capable of coming back to win the match, but they'll need to fight against the odds here and against the German fans who are singing loud at Villa Park.
Let's join our commentary team for the second half.
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SECOND HALF
The whistle blows and West Germany lead us at the start of this half, plunging the ball deep into their lines to hold possession as they knock the ball around the midfield. Brazil are playing more aggressively here as they pressure Lorenz until a tackle knocks the ball out of play, and the referee gives it to Brazil for the throw-in. Garrincha and Pele are joined by the midfielders up front as they try to advance as a team through the West German defence but are unable, the ball coming back into the centre, collected by Overath who's looking for options to get the ball forward. He's making a fantastic run, almost unmarked through the centre of the pitch directly towards and the goal. He's in space, only Gilmar and Bellini to beat... DEFLECTION!! Off the foot of Bellini and it steers the ball away from the goal, and out for a corner kick. We have our first substitutions here, Denilson for Gerson and Helmut Haller coming off for Lothar Emmerich.
The corner is played short again into Beckenbauer, who runs toward the box looking outside for a shot inwards. He finds his space and strikes... SAVED!! Just missed the mark there and it's tipped away by Gilmar!! Another corner kick and this time it's played short to Seeler, who makes a bee-line straight towards to box and is looking for support there. He tries to cross the ball in... BLOCKED!! A wall of Brazilians stood in the way of that as they regain possession and desperately try to clear the ball away. The ball jostles back and forth in possession between the two sides in the midfield, Brazil desperate for the counter attack, but the ball eventually finds Seeler clear again and he's made it into the box this time. He tries to sell the dummy to pass it along to Emmerich, who's got an open goal... but Alatair saves the day with an interception, neatly caught by Gilmar. Threat neutralised for now.
Gilmar sends a ball thundering into the midfield. It bounces between the players before being caught by Zito who takes a good run into the German half to find Pele, who's been starved of possession this half so far. He tries to take a run at goal but is stopped emphatically by Schnellinger who kickstarts a potential German counter-attack here. He finds Seeler, who passes it on to Emmerich, to Lorenz who takes a run at the box past the defenders. He's in space but hasn't got anyone to pass to as the Brazilian defence has closed in. He tries his luck... SAVED!! It's almost lost by Gilmar who temporarily loses control but regains it before Lorenz can get to the ball. A close call for Brazil there. The ball finds it's way back to the midfield and is sent forward to Garrincha, who gets himself into a good position for Pele, who's unmarked here and he has an open run toward the German goal. He strides into the West German box, the defenders can't keep up with him and strikes... GOAL!!! Pele gets the equaliser for Brazil in the 63rd minute!! Villa Park is shaking with the roar of the Brazilian fans and they are back in this game!! West Germany have played a dominant match so far but you can never count the Brazilians out, especially in games like this!! The score is level as we head back to the centre to restart!
West Germany kick off the restart and they have it all to do again to retake the lead here. They've been playing strong this second half and hopefully the equaliser won't break their confidence in the midfield. Brazil have dropped back a lot of their players into defensive formations to deal with the German threat here. The ball plays around in the midfield as the Germans look for a way through, but are dispossessed. The Germans are going for the immediate counter attack with strong pace here, Lorenz passing along to Overath who takes it to the left of the box. He's looking for the forwards in space here. The ball flies in for the header... MISSED!! Hits the side of the net as the angle was too much for Emmerich, and it's a Brazilian goal kick. Gilmar plays the ball short to Altair, opting for a slow build-up as they get it to Denilson, who finds Pele waiting for him. Garrincha is waiting in space for the pass... but he lets it go, he sees the off-side and the flow of play is disrupted as West Germany retake possession.
They try to go for the build up in the midfield but are blocked by the midfielders, who quickly send the ball forward to Pele, and then onto Garrincha who's found a nice space to run toward goal, but the referee stops play and calls an earlier foul, giving Brazil the free-kick. In a shock turn, Pele is being brought off the pitch by the manager, not sure we can agree with the logic behind that one but it's his call as Silva comes on to take his place, the goalscorer leaving to triumphant reception from the fans here. Brazil line up for the free kick... and they go for the dummy, getting it to Zito who passes it forward to Jairzinho, who lines up a shot from outside the box... SAVED!! Straight into the arms of Tilkowski, and that didn't seem like it was a threat at all. The Germans briefly take possession in the midfield before Brazil take it back, Zito getting it forward to Silva, who gets it out to Denilson who takes his run to get into crossing position. He's got three players waiting in the box for him, he short passes to Garrincha who tries his luck... SAVED!! Tilkowski putting in the work to stop that close shot, and it's out for a Brazil corner.
Zito rushes to take the corner kick, you can see him waving his arms to excite the fans and get them to cheer louder as the game only gets more tense from here. He takes the corner, the ball flies in to meet the head of Bellini... SAVED!! Into the hands of the keeper, and that was too far out to be any real threat to him there. The ball gets booted out to the midfield, but West Germany aren't out of danger here, the resurgent Brazilian side hungry for the lead as they take control of the last 15 minutes of this match. It comes to Zito who tries his luck outside of the box... SAVED AGAIN!! Tilkowski deserves a raise after this performance!! West Germany are desperate to get the ball out of their half and try to take the lead themselves, as the fans sing and shout to boost their teams morale. It goes to Weber and to Lorenz, who takes the ball out into their strongest attacking area at the edge of the box. He's getting closed down here so gets the ball to Seeler, who tries to pass the ball to the centre... SAVED!! Squandered chance from the German captain there, he should be doing better at this stage.
10 minutes remaining of normal time, and we could see our first quarter-final go into extra time here tonight. Both sides are trying their absolute hardest to finish the match off sooner than later, and Brazil go on the attack again, Zito taking the ball into the German half, beating out the defenders here. He has a good line towards goal and his shot thunders towards the keeper... SAVED!! Tilkowski just tips the ball away from the goal and out for a corner kick. The German fans are singing his name as he makes yet another incredible save in this match. He gets up quick urging his team to get back into position for the upcoming set piece. There are some last minute changes here, Zito for Tostao to change up the tired midfield, and two changes for West Germany, Beckenbauer off for Werner Kramer and Overath for Siegfried Held as Germany look to get fresh legs in for the counter-attack. The ball is struck into the box and hits the head of the Schellinger, but it's not clear yet as Tostao tries to header again but clashes with Kramer, and it comes to the head of Garrincha... SAVED!! What an incredible performance tonight for this man, Hans Tilkowski!! It goes out for another corner but my word, this man is proving to the world that he is one of the best goalkeepers out there with this performance.
4 minutes remaining on the clock as they set up for the corner, the tension is high here, you can feel it from where we're sat and I can't imagine what it must feel like for the players and the fans down there! They play the corner short again into Silva, who sends the cross deep into the box and... SAVED!! I feel like a parrot with this commentary but the man can't stop himself! He's having none of these attacks and is single handedly keeping West Germany in this match tonight, I cannot stress how amazing this performance is! He gets the ball out and gives the chance for a German counter-attack here. Wever making a good run away from the German half and passes it back into the midfield. Held gets it forward to Emmerich, who's looking like he'll try a long shot... SAVED!! Not enough power on that to trouble the keeper, and that's a silly chance wasted from him! Brazil try to counter-attack in the closing moments here, Garrincha trying his best to find Silva in space, but they lose it and it's West Germany on the charge here, looking to attack. It goes to Brulls, who takes the ball in his stride and brings it to the Brazilian half. Then into Emmerich, who's waiting to get the ball forward. The ball comes through to Held, who takes his strike... SAVED!! Deflected out for a corner kick!! That was close there and West Germany have another chance to attack, perhaps their last before the end of normal time!!
The German side set up from for the corner, hoping they can end the match here and now to book themselves that spot in the semi-finals with England. It's getting tense here and the crowd is going wild as the prepare to take the shot. The ball comes in... and is headed away! Poorly timed from the German forwards there, and the ball rolls away from the Brazilian box. Surely it must be over now?
The final whistle blows, and we stand level as this quarter-final match heads into extra-time!! What a tense match it's been so far, I can't believe the quality of play we've seen here tonight. Final score before we head into extra time: Brazil 1-1 West Germany.
A quick look at the stats before the reset, possession is still equal as are shots with Brazil levelling out most metrics with the Germans since the end of the first half. Germany are still leading in defensive play but it's neck and neck here. Brazil look slightly better out there but West Germany is still a deadly side and should absolutely not be underestimated.
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EXTRA-TIME
Brazil kick-off extra-time, making a change during the break with Garrincha being replaced with Edu. Some interesting substitution choices from the Brazil manager today but with their performance thus far something must be working for them. It's turning into a war of attrition in the midfield here as Brazil fail to take the advantage and West Germany come through with the attack. Lorenz taking the ball from Weber, and getting into space on the edge of the box. He's blocked by Orlando and the ball goes back into the midfield, Brazil again looking for a way through as the new substitution starts to stretch his legs, but the German defence is holding firm here as they fail to venture to far into their half. The ball goes down the right side for a German attack, and it finds it's way to Seeler who's waiting in the centre, and he strikes... SAVED!! Not enough on it and it's comfortably collected by Gilmar.
The ball rolls out into the box as the Gilmar plays it short and they look to build up the play here. They try to dominate the midfield against the Germans and find a route through to Edu, who knocks it on and it's collected by Silva, who's in space and has a good chance to score. He runs, marked by Schulz and is rushed by Tilkowski, who strikes... AND IT'S IN!! Brazil retake the lead here and it's pandemonium in the stadium as the team crowds the substitute striker and potential hero!! The German keeper is absolutely furious, all his hard work undone and now Germany are on the back-foot here. The Brazilians are really taking the celebration in here, whilst the Germans are shouting to get the ball back for the restart! There's arguments between the players and the referees, the fans are starting to go at it and it's all kicking off in Birmingham tonight.
We're closing in on the end of the first half of extra time. The Germans are trying their best to get the counter-attack on, and they're really working on getting through the Brazilian midfield. The goal has boosted the morale of the Brazilian side who are playing with additional confidence, and they're working hard to prevent any attempts at a counter-attack. The German side is trying to force their way through, it's getting rough in the midfield here as both sides are fighting each-other for possession. Jairzinho gets the ball and tries to make a run down in the centre, and he's pulled down by Brulls!! That was an aggressive move there and it looks as if there's a brawl kicking off on the field, it's a mosaic of shouting players as the referee gets involved, shouting at the players to back down, as he reaches into his pocket and... IT'S A RED CARD!! Albert Brulls is off!! West Germany down to ten men as we enter the next half of extra-time, and surely Brazil can win it now?
West Germany kick off the next half and already we can see a distinct change, they're closing down their ranks and holding possession, trying to avoid any attempts at a Brazilian counter attack. The play has slowed right down, frustrating the Brazilians as they're hoping to get the match moving again. They finally break through, Zito taking advantage of the missing German midfielder to make a run at goal, he cuts right to avoid the defenders and takes an inspired strike from outside the box... SAVED!! He does it again!! Another fantastic save and out for a Brazilian corner, as Tilkowski shouts at his team to get into position. The fans are screaming at this point waiting for the next play, this is truly the match that keeps on giving.
The corner comes in short but is immediately delivered into the box. The ball flies across as GK FRG tries to meet it but finds Edu coming for it as well... THEY COLLIDE!! It's collected by Tilkowski but the Brazilian team are shouting for a penalty!! The referee isn't giving it, he's very firm on that as Tilkowski tries to get the play moving again. You can see the Brazil manager shouting at the sidelines, he doesn't think that's the right call at all and the fans seem to agree with him. It's a powder keg down on the field as both teams are on the ragged edge, exhausted and frustrated and full of adrenaline as the extra time starts to run out. The Brazilian fans are already singing as if they're through to the next round, they believe they're already through to the next round, and it's almost a reality for them as the clock keeps ticking down.
Jairzinho gets the ball in the centre but loses possession almost immediately, with the Germans pushing for the counter attack. It goes from Held to Seeler and back to Held, who's looking for support here, he has Kramer on his left but marked by Bellini. He tries a run around the box to find space and he's brought down just outside the box!! The referee is giving the free kick, and it's in dangerous territory for Brazil. He's ignoring protests from the Brazilians as he gives a yellow to the Altair and orders them into position. Kramer stands and walks over to take the free kick. It's decent distance but at an awkward angle. It could be their last chance to score before the end of extra-time, and the pressure is well and truly on. The players set up as the Brazilians for the defensive wall, the Brazil keeper steadies himself, and he prepares, waiting for the whistle blow. The stadium is virtually shaking from the fans. He hears the whistle, takes a moment before beginning his run, and strikes... GOAL!!!!! THEY'VE DONE IT!!! West Germany equalise at the death!! The whole team is celebrating that one with him, from the fans to the manager to the keeper!! With seconds left on the clock, they've done the impossible, and this match, could well be going to penalties!!!
Final whistle, and the match stands at: Brazil 2-2 West Germany!! One of the most difficult but amazing matches I think I've ever seen and definitely one for the history books, what an incredible show of talent, skill and determination. Both sides look absolutely exhausted here as they prepare for one of the most gruelling tasks in international football. The penalty shootout won't be kind to them at all, and they will need all their strength and determination to make it through.
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PENALTY SHOOT-OUT
West Germany win the coin toss to take the first penalty here, and it's Seeler who will strike first. Gilmar makes his way to the goal for the penalty shot. The tension rises as the teams watch from the half-way line. Seeler takes his run and... SCORES! Straight into the bottom left corner!
Zito will take the first penalty for Brazil, an experienced goalscorer to open up Brazil's hopes here. He waits for the whistle to blow, and sprints towards the spot... GOAL! Bottom left corner again, beating out Tilkowski!!
Kramer steps up to take the next penalty. He picks his spot and makes his run... SAVED!! Gilmar goes the right way, and it's all for Brazil to take the advantage now!
Edu steps up to take the next penalty. He can send them ahead hear if he just focuses. He runs to take his shot... GOAL!! Brazil are ahead!!
It's Emmerich to take the next penalty here. He stays still until the whistle blows... SCORES!! Fires it into the back of the net, and Gilmar didn't stand a chance.
Silva to step up to take the next penalty. He takes a slow run up, trying to throw off Tilkowski... SAVED!! Tilkowski goes the right way, and it's level again at 2-2 with 2 penatlies remaining.
Lorenz steps up to take the penalty here, they need to score to keep their hopes alive. He steps up and... SCORES!! Straight down the middle and he beats Gilmar to keep them in it.
It's Jairzinho for the next penalty. He charges towards the ball and... SAVED!! Tilkowski makes it two in a row and now Brazil are in trouble!!
Wolfgang Weber will take the next penalty, if they can score this they will go through to the semi-finals, but if they miss, they'll need Brazil to miss their next one. Weber steps up to strike... IT'S SAVED!!! Gilmar guesses the right way!!
Hilderaldo Bellini steps up to take the penalty. The captain of the team, he'll need to score for Brazil to go through. He readies himself, takes a deep breathe and... SAVED!!!!
TILKOWSKI IS THE HERO FOR WEST GERMANY AND THEY ARE GOING THROUGH TO THE SEMI-FINALS!!! THE TEAM STORM THE PITCH AND THIS HAS BEEN ONE OF THE MOST INCREDIBLE MATCHES IN WORLD CUP HISTORY!
I still can't believe what we just witnessed. The Brazilian team is inconsolable, whilst the Germans are celebrating for their lives out there. It's absolutely incredible.
Final Score at Villa Park: Brazil 2-2 West Germany (2-3 on penalties)
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, The Communist Party Of Rsr, Le Equatoria
[list]November 1966
[sub]Build, Build, Build![/sub][/list]
[pre]A M B I T I O N O N T H E R O A D[/pre]
[list][pre]In his first major policy speech to Congress,
President Ferdinand Marcos announces a broad, ambitious infrastructure development program
to construct new railways and build the Manila province's first subterranean train network.[/pre][/list]
| After his narrow victory in the 1966 presidential election, and riding on a wave of strong public support, President FERDINAND MARCOS assumed the office of the Philippines' commander-in-chief on 30 June 1966, after an inaugural ceremony at the Legislative Building in Manila. Marcos hit the ground running, as many expected from the pace of his campaign and his four-year tenure as vice president to Camilo Osias, putting forward his first Cabinet nominees within a week, and making a major policy speech in Baguio province that unveiled his administration's aim to elevate wages for Filipino farmers by 50% within five years; an ambitious target, to say the least. Within a month, the Commission on Appointments, the independent commission tasked with vetting Cabinet nominees, had approved all of his Cabinet nominees. In August, they dispersed across the country on a speaking tour, unveiling the nation's new programs that would emerge under Marcos's "confident administration". Lower taxes, less government red tape, and a stronger military were all major cornerstones of Marcos's aims as president. He lamented the lack of progress in the past four years and regularly raised nostalgia for the Magsaysay years, always telling the media that he wished to bring those golden days back for the country. |
| In November, after successfully passing a legislative package that expanded funding for public schools in rural provinces with the support of his own Nacionalista Party and the opposition Liberal Democratic Party, Marcos appeared before a special session of Congress - formed for the novel idea of a "marathon session" - to announce a broad, ambitious infrastructure development program. Under his trademark "Bagong Lipunan" ("New Society") series of programs, Marcos discussed the severe backlog of infrastructure projects that were struggling to receive funds and approval to make it beyond the conceptualization stage. President Marcos pointed to success stories in West Germany and Japan, where infrastructure had boomed and been practically perfected in the postwar, as examples for the Philippines to follow. He presented a conceptual plan for a Manila provincial subway network that would run from the city of Quezon, through Manila, and the Makati business city, all the way down to the small town of Las Pinas, which was generally (albeit unofficially) regarded as the southernmost city part of the Manila capital area. Accompanying the ambitious subway plan, set for completion by 1975 with the support of international partners and domestic contractors alike, would be a large-scale plan to upgrade rail infrastructure in Luzon, and strengthen car and passenger ferries in the Visayas region of the Philippines. |
| Marcos would urge Congress to approve the multi-billion Philippine peso infrastructure package, describing it the "opportunity of a lifetime". The Marcos administration has already confirmed their intentions to pass a raft of additional new programs to build up the Philippines' merchant marine capacity, invest in seafaring and pilot schools for the Philippine youth, and reorganize the Commission on Audit to reduce bureaucratic hurdles to be enacted before the December winter recess of Congress. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, The Communist Party Of Rsr, Le Equatoria
★ UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC ★
[list][list][list][pre]
"Within the Arab circle there is a role wandering aimlessly in search of a hero.
For some reason it seems to me that this role is beckoning to us-to move, to
take up its lines, put on its costumes and give it life"
[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
_________________
[list][sub]EMPOWERING THE FELLAH[/sub]
[sub][sup] SEPTEMBER 1966 - ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT[/sub][/sup]
[sub][pre]When the glorious 23rd of July Revolution transformed Egypt from a subjugated kingdom into a free republic, the first major move of the Free Officers was to symbolize this change by implementing one of the most radical land reform laws in the Middle East. Aimed at breaking the land-owning class (Effendis) who had benefited from the patronage and support of the royal family, and who had continued for the longest time to aid in the exploitation of Egyptian land, these Effendis became the prime target. The land-reform law indeed ended up doing that, and empowering the Egyptian peasant (fellah). [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]It is no secret that the Egyptian fellah is the lifeblood and beating heart of the United Arab Republic, forming over 60% of its population and until recently contributing the United Arab Republic's main economic component, that of agriculture. Despite the discovery of oil and the industrialization efforts of President Nasser, the United Arab Republic is still an agrarian state, one that depends on its harvests to feed the growing population, and to whom its agricultural sector is by far its most important. Yet, despite their importance, and the fruits of the land-reform law, many issues still persist. The top 5% of the landowning households own a total of 53% of the cultivated area (in 1952 it was 1.5% of landowners owning 80% of the cultivated land) and the implementation of the minimum wage law (litigating 18 piasters a day for men and 10 piasters a day for women; compared to the average rate of 10 for men and 6 for women) has been seldom enforced. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]Socially, the fellah doesn't have it any better. While the average resident of Cairo or Alexandria is moderately wealthy and fully literate, the average fellah is neither of those. Literacy is the lowest, especially amongst women, in agricultural areas, while they have been almost eliminated in urban ones. Income inequality, rural poverty, and reactionary social views have created a gulf of divide between the two sides of Egypt. The glitz-and-glamour of Alexandria contrasting heavily with the grit of a city like Aswan. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]Growth in agriculture has also been at its lowest level in years. The rapid growth and development of the 50s and early 60s gave way to a stagnation in the mid 60s that has been unable to cope with the growing population and the rising demands for more agricultural materials whether it would be food such as wheat, or cash crops such as cotton, both equally being vital in the current landscape of the United Arab Republic. All in all, despite being perhaps the backbone of the nation, the Fellah has been lacking much of the power he deserves.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]However, the appointment of leftist veteran Khalid Muhyi al-Deen to the post of Prime Minister last year had revived the attempts at giving the fellah his voice, and through several conferences and consultation with members of local A.S.U chapters in rural provinces and the heads of land-owning families, several plans and proposals have been presented to the Supreme Executive of the A.S.U throughout the last month in an effort to finally truly bring power to the heart of the United Arab Republic. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]A sort of two-front plan emerged as a result. First was attempting to lessen the rural poverty of the farmer. Through the agricultural co-operatives set up in the 50s which had great successes in increasing yield, the United Arab Republic's government has begun a new program to push agricultural production forward. This will be done through a mix of introducing high-yield seeds at a subsdized cost to farmers, importing new production techniques to modernize the agricultural sector, aiding in the mechanization of the harvesting process, and increased investment in irrigation projects. Easier access to credit, fertilizer, and such will also be provided through these cooperatives.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]At the other front, a social offensive was put in place to bring the Egyptian countryside into equal footing with its urban counterpart. Taking cues from other agrarian nation, a new literacy campaign will be launched through the usage of educated youth in urban cities migrating to rural areas to work as teachers and doctors to bring social services up to par. Harsher punishments have been implemented against those that fail to keep up with the minimum wage law or the land-reform law in its entirety. Social awareness campaigns, aimed at installing an 'Arabist-Socialist' character has been approved. [/pre][/sub]
[/list]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, The Communist Party Of Rsr, Le Equatoria
The foundation of the first plans towards a new Bucharest and a new Romania: The Bucharest Metro
[sub]November 1966, Central Committee of The Communist Party of Romania, Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania[/sub]
| While His Excellency, Comrade Constantin Rotaru, General Secretary of The Communist Party of Romania, President of The Presidium of The Great National Assembly, President of the State Council, President of the Socialist Republic of Romania, Supreme Commander of The People's Army, beloved and esteemed son of all Romanian people and a small delegation were already present in Moscow for the emergency Warsaw Pact summit, new decisions were to be carried out as to his ideas and visions, supervised by the Genius of the Carpathian`s wife, Her Excellency Ms. Magdalena Rotaru, the First Lady of the Socialist Republic of Romania, Deputy Prime Minister of Romania, beloved and esteemed daughter of the Romanian people.
| A meeting commenced with newly appointed Prime Minister Ion Gheorghe Maurer stressing the crucial need for Bucharest to have a modern and efficient metro system, aligning with the city's growth and increasing population. Minister of Transport, Comrade Florian Dănălache, presented a comprehensive proposal for the establishment of the "Design Institute of the Bucharest Metro" and the "General Directorate of the Bucharest Metro" under the command of the Ministry of Transport.
| The Council of Ministers unanimously approved the establishment of the "Design Institute of the Bucharest Metro." This institute will be responsible for the detailed planning and design of the metro system, including route layout, station architecture, and engineering specifications. The institute will operate under the Ministry of Transport, ensuring a centralized and coordinated approach.
Simultaneously, the Council of Ministers approved of the creation of the "General Directorate of the Bucharest Metro." This directorate will oversee the overall implementation, construction, and operation of the metro system. It will work in collaboration with the Design Institute to ensure seamless execution of the project.
| To kickstart the planning and design phase, the Council allocated a substantial budget under the Ministry of Finance. It assured that the funds would be disbursed promptly to ensure the project's progress.
The Council agreed on an ambitious yet feasible timeline for the metro system's construction. The goal is to initiate construction in the early 1970s, aligning with the city's developmental plans. Minister of Planning and Economic Development, Comrade Alexandru Bîrlădeanu, emphasized the economic benefits and job creation opportunities associated with the project, as well as the positive effects of the Metro system:
[sub]"...The Bucharest Metro is poised to revolutionize our city's dynamics. By easing traffic congestion, it will provide swift and efficient transportation for our workforce. Imagine a Bucharest where commuters spend less time in traffic and more time contributing to the Motherland. This project is not just about transportation, it's an investment in a more productive and connected future for Bucharest and surrounding areas." - Minister of Planning and Economic Development, Comrade Alexandru Bîrlădeanu[/sub]
[sub]| The establishment of the "Design Institute of the Bucharest Metro" and the "General Directorate of the Bucharest Metro" mark a significant step in transforming Bucharest into a modern and progressive city. The Council of Ministers expressed confidence in the success of the project and reiterated its commitment to the timely and efficient execution of the Bucharest Metro system. The future development of the city hinges on the success of this visionary initiative. |[/sub]
[sub]E scris pe Tricolor unire! Pe roșu steag liberator! Prin lupte sub a lor umbrire, spre Comunism urcăm în zbor![/sub]
[sub]Trăiască Partidul Comunist Român în frunte cu al său secretar general, tovarășul Constantin Rotaru![/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, The Communist Party Of Rsr, Le Equatoria
[B]CAFÉ FINCA DE OLMOS: UNA SERIE HISTÓRICA
[sub]| Junio 1871 | Puerto de La Libertad, Departamento de La Libertad Républica de El Salvador|[/sub]
The commercial steam ferry, Valencia, slowly chugged it's way into the bustling harbor of El Gran Puerto de La Libertad, coming to the conclusion of her 140 mile voyage from Puerto San Lorenzo in neighboring Honduras. The skilled captain at the ferry's helm brought her in and docked alongside the quay with delicate grace. Stepping off from the Valencia, Señor AugustÃn Laurencio de Olmos had just touched down in El Salvador after evading capture at the hands of invading Guatemalan conservative forces during the War of 1863. Leading less than 40 paid soldiers left under his command, de Olmos escaped besieged San Salvador a night before the surrender, hiking over 200 klicks through treacherous terrain until crossing the border near Caridad. From there, he spent the majority of his exile living in the capital, Tegucigalpa, amongst the city's high-society circles of liberal elite.
Awaiting amongst a crowd of onlookers, his first cousin, Jaime Mauricio Santillán Olmos, smoked from an ornate wooden pipe. With each exhale, the smokey yet sweet Kentucky-Virginia blend tobacco filled the air with a notable aroma of Chicory as they approached one another.
[list][U][B]Jaime Santillán: (Spanish) "The fatherland welcomes you back, cousin."
[sub][AugustÃn informally salutes his cousin and removes his right glove, the two shake hands then begin to walk and talk.][/sub]
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "Saludos primo, it has been far too long. How are the state of los negocios?"
[U][B]Jaime Santillán: "Mucho gusto, primo. Under custodianship of la familia Santillán, over 12,000 employed mozos harvest up to 25,000 tons of coffee per annum."
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "Que maravillosos numeros. Though what of the procurements?"
[U][B]Jaime Santillán: "They have proven... onerous. It is of increasing possibility our situation may require the military to act as offical recipient. [I]Los Americanos are circumspect to provide toward a civil war."
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "Then we shall force this understanding; There will be no civil war en El Salvador. We are empresarios, latifundistas who implore the dignified right to secure our landholdings."
[U][B]Jaime Santillán: "En efecto, I will continue to present this case to our associates in Washington. For the present, we could begin by purchasing surplus stock from the military."
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "Unacceptable. Mi regimiento will prove to be the best-trained, using only the utmost of sophisticated and contemporary appurtenances, not obsolete leftovers from yesterday's wars."
[U][B]Jaime Santillán: "Very well. Allow me time to seek out viable alternatives with our premier interests kept in consideration. Now, just this way, I've furnished our carriage to San Salvador."
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "With what regard do we make in such haste to the capital?"
[U][B]Jaime Santillán: "Presidente Gonzáles wishes to receive you personally at his estado, I'm sure there will be much air to clear."
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "Gonzáles defected from our ranks to join the invading army and secure his own survival. If there are any words that which I bear for the likes of mutineers and recalcitrants, it would be their last rites."
[U][B]Jaime Santillán: "I understand, but Gonzáles is the reason you are returned. [I]Mis manos están atadas, primo, I strongly advise you make the meeting with him."
[sub][Mingling their way out of port, AugustÃn and Jaime traverse toward the main town roadside whereby a stagecoach awaited. Boarding, the men make themselves comfortable and endure an hour-long carriage ride to San Salvador from the coast. As the outskirts of the capital came into view, the stagecoach would not long after find it's way into the most dense and populated areas of the hilled city. Within, lying between it's many slums, workshops, street markets and mule-drawn fruit carts are also it's vibrant plazas, extravagant villas, imposing cuartels and historic cathedrals. Compared to the state of the city when AugustÃn de Olmos retreated from it on the night of 25 October 1863, San Salvador appeared quite healthy and flourishing, as since, many parts of the municipality have been rebuilt or expanded to accomodate the rapid commercial growth associated with El Gran Puerto de La Libertad, inaugurated 1869, as the capital's primary trans-oceanic hub.][/sub]
[U][B]Jaime Santillán: "It appears we have arrived."
[sub][As he said that, the carriage approached a large iron-fenced estate, with the letterings "G.P." neatly fixtured upon a tall, arched gate, denoting the President's familial initials, Gonzáles and Portillo. Two large stone lion busts stand at attention on each side of the main entryway gate. The estate house itself is painted in an immaculate yellow taupe which allows it to shine gaudily amongst a backdrop of mountain range. The courtyard was near fantastical with a lush, tailored landscape which outstretched forthward several hundred meters and fashioned with rare imported granite cobblestones forming pathways around the garden.][/sub]
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "The coward has built himself una palacio upon the backs of martyrs."
[U][B]Jaime Santillán: "Do mind yourself cousin, he may have defected from the Army at it's most patriotic moment, however he played el juego more competitively than you or I ever could, and now uneasy lies the head that wears the crown."
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "Gonzáles may keep his crown, lest I require the Presidency in order to forge my own."
[sub][The stagecoach came to a full stop at the foot of the tall arched gates, ending their conversation on that final note. The cousins disembarked from the coach and the gates opened before them at the hands of two stern faced constables wearing army-issued shako caps and walking in disciplined military step. Concealing a short-frame Smith & Wesson No. 3 revolver inside the breast pocket of his button-front officer's tunic, AugustÃn pondered for a moment using it to assassinate the traitorous Gonzáles, but ultimately decided against this course as they reached the mezzanine of the estate. Centerpieced by a granite stone fountain, the area was shaded and ambient. Sat at a garden table made of fine Coalbrookdale iron, the President, Santiago Gonzáles Portillo, pours himself and imminent guests a glass of brandy, neat.][/sub]
[U][B]President Gonzáles: "Saludos caballeros, Señor de Olmos, Señor Santillán, do join me. Guards, dismissed."
[sub][While the guards depart, Jaime motions toward a seat at the table. Contrarily, AugustÃn remained standing, left hand clutched to his cane, leering at the President until finally uttering.][/sub]
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "Gonzáles."
[U][B]President Gonzáles: "It is understandable if your opinion of my integrity remains ill, you shall respect my position regardless, in particular within my own home. If not for the good graces I maintain with both of your families, you would have remained forlorn in Honduras."
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "Had you remained a General, you never could have achieved this amount of power and wealth. You merely usurped it from a long history of greater Presidents who accomplished greater feats. I see little more than an opportunist sitting before me."
[U][B]President Gonzáles: "Then it would appear I have made the most appropriate choices. Now, if you bear any interest in preserving the state of affairs, I strongly encourage your congeniality in these matters."
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "Had I not been un caballero de honor, you would surely lie dead where you sit. I will not bear conscience to your blather a moment longer. With what intention do you host us?"
[U][B]President Gonzáles: "To welcome home mi compatriota, you are a friend of the state and I intend for this status to remain on condition. The Office of the President expects your letter of retirement from the national army, your distinguished service to la patria will be duly noted."
[U][B]AugustÃn de Olmos: "We are done here."
[sub][AugustÃn turned and gave his back to the President as he seen his way out of the mezzanine. While leaving, President Gonzáles raises his glass and addresses de Olmos.][/sub]
[U][B]President Gonzáles: "Come now, a toast to your retirement, Teniente Coronel. May your rest from patriotic duty serve your benefit."
[sub][The President drank whole his glass of brandy, celebrating his personal victory. Jaime stood from his seat and began to follow in suit of his cousin, though he first turned to Gonzáles.][/sub]
[U][B]Jaime Santillan: "My apologies, Presidente. We are grateful for your hospitality."
[sub][During their departure, a guard returned to the inner yard to find the President rolling himself a cigarette. Gonzáles, rarely a smoker, certainly treated his anxieties and paranoias. The guard approaches and salutes him.][/sub]
[U][B]Constable: "Señor. Shall we detain them?"
[U][B]President Gonzáles: "No, it would be much too early."
[sub][He placed the cigarette to his lip and brought it to life by match strike, taking a deep inhale.][/sub]
[U][B]President Gonzáles: "De Olmos is welcome to make the first strike."[/list]
——
[spoiler=[sub]DIOS, UNION, Y LIBERTAD[/sub] —] Adriatican Islands Amsterwald Anglo Channel Arcanda Cascadla Cheezaslovakia Connomia East Germany Ddr Greater Adriatican State Great Britain Gb Greater Kurdistane Israelli Kewtpuff Kotakuan Ii Ma-Li Maziya Metropolitan Francais Mutawakkiliti Neepal Nevbrejnovitz Newauroria New Provenance Nileia Nippon-Nihon Osivoii Paramountica Paseo Peking Zhongguo Pontianus Provenancia Ranponian Rio De La Plata Argentina Rutannia Saudi Arabiyah Socialist Democratic Republic Romania Spainard Sudesam The Confederate Prussian Empire Vancouver Straits Victoria Harbor Virnall [/spoiler]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Le Equatoria
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
QUARTER-FINALS: ITALY v HUNGARY
---------------------------------------
Here we are on the second day of the quarter-finals, and we're coming to you live from Wembley Stadium in London for our first match of the day, it's Italy against Hungary. Yesterday we saw our first teams make it through to the semi-finals, England stepping past Portugal with a convincing 3-1 victory to give the hosts a shot at the final and they will be joined by West Germany, who knocked out title-holders Brazil in a thrilling match ending with penalties. Both teams have been performing exquisitely during the tournament so far, so let's recap how the teams have fared so far.
Italy are two-time World Champions and dominated their group stage with ease, beating all three of their opponents including Bulgaria, Australia and Costa Rica to advance to the next round. They faced Korea in an extremely difficult match with ended in dramatic fashion, knocking the Asian side out 3-2 though the controversy surrounding the game is still fresh here. Italy are in a very good place to advance here and have been playing excellently, boasting one of the tournaments top scorers, Antonio Juliano, who will be looking to cause problems for Hungary today.
Hungary on the other hand are one of Europe's most dominant teams in the past decade or so, and have consistently performed well, boasting a seriously strong squad. They made it through the group stages where they beat Japan, South Africa and were held to a draw with Poland. The knockout stages saw them face Benelux, who held them to a draw in normal time and the teams were forced to battle against one another in the World Cups first ever penalty shootout. It's been close for Hungary on their way here but they're still a force to be reckoned with as we head into this match.
The teams are entering the field now, warming up and ready for the anthems to be played, lets take a quick look at our squads for tonight:
Italy
Enrico Albertosi will start in goal for Italy tonight. Italy are opting for a defensive line of Tarciso Burgnich, Giacinto Facchetti, Aristide Guarneri and Francesco Janich. The midfield will be Paolo Barison, Giacomo Bulgarelli, Romano Fogli and Gianfranco Leoncini. The forwards today are Antonio Juliano and Sandro Mazzola.
Hungary
Antal Szentmihalyi will start in goal today. Beno Kaposzta, Sandor Matrai, Kalman Sovari and Kalman Meszoly will form the defensive line. The midfield will be Ferenc Sipos, Zoltan Varga, Gyula Rakosi and Istvan Nagy The forwards today will be Ferenc Bene and Dezso Molnar to start.
The teams are preparing to start here as the referee gives the start to Italy, who are setting up for the start as we await the first whistle blow.
---------------------------------------
FIRST HALF
And were underway here at Wembley, Italy taking the ball back to Bulgarelli to try and hold possession and create some chances. The Hungarian side are already looking to close them down to prevent are early offensive here. Romano Fogli takes the ball and is looking for options, but he opts to take a run towards the Hungarian goal, it's looking good here as he charges towards the edge of the box... Sandor Matrai there to meet him and the ball goes back to the midfield. The Hungarians are now trying to turn the tables and go on the offensive but it's short-lived and they find Paolo Barison on the left wing, he's making a promising run here with options to cross... but the defenders stand first and Kaposzta clears the ball forwards. It's back in the centre and they find Zoltan Varga, who's got some options at the front here and... he's brought down by Fogli and that's a poor challenge that. The referee is reaching for his pocket and... it's a yellow card, only 8 minutes in, and Hungary have a free-kick. Rakosi to take, he's near the half-way line but he's got the power to reeach the forwards waiting in the box. The ball thunders in, flying towards the box and Ferenc Sipos gets a head to it... SAVED!! Tipped over the bar by Albertosi and it'll be a Hungarian corner kick now. The ball comes flying in, but the defenders deal with it well and clear it into the midfield, Bulgarelli getting it forwards to Barison on the left wing, who's making an excellent run and outpacing the Hungarian defenders. He comes up against Szentmihayli and strikes... SAVED!! The shot comes in at an awkward angle and the keeper had that covered as Hungary look to get the ball out into play again.
The ball fires back into the midfield but it's collected by the Italians, who look again to keep up pressure on Hungary. Both teams are playing an extremely good game in the midfield today as the ball is traded back and forth. Hungary do find their way through on a couple of occassions, Ferenc Bene working well with Sipos to get some opportunities going but they're halted by the Italian defenders before they can create any serious chances. Italy are playing well in the centre, going for the slow build up as they knock the ball amongst each other trying to find a route through. Hungary's defensive play is strong as they're looking quick to close down any efforts to get the ball through, and it's not looking promising until Leoncini finds himself in some space and gets the ball forward to Mazzola, who finds Juliano, who takes his shot... SAVED!! Not enough on the ball there to trouble Szentmihalyi and Italy squander another chance to take the lead.
It's back into the midfield as the teams continue jostling for possession. Italy seeming to dominate the play in the centre but it's still hard to call as Hungary look to press them. The Italian side continue their build up with some interesting opportunities arising but not enough to get past the firm Hungarian midfield, who take the ball and get it out for the counter attack, they're looking to build up the play here as Rakosi gets it forward to Varga, and back to Rakosi, who's taking a run towards goal here and he tries his luck... SAVED!! The ball goes into the arms of Albertosi and back out as Italy look to get the advantage. They get it to Bulgarelli who passes it on to Fogli, but as the ball leaves him Bulgarelli is brought down and the referee waves the advantage, allowing Fogli to make his run towards goal, and he's in some good space here as he enters the box... GOAL!!! Italy takes the lead thanks to that fantastic shot from Fogli!! 34 minutes in and the Italians have set the bar for Hungary to meet today as we head back for the restart.
Can Hungary find the equaliser before the end of the first half? Well we're going to find out as the ball goes back into play. Hungary can't hold on to the ball for long as the Italians take it back to dominate the midfield play, it's getting difficult here as both sides keep pushing for the breakthrough. Paolo Barison finds himself unmarked on the left wing and he's going to try his luck, making an excellent run down the box, he tries to dribble to find some room in the centre but he's caught by the defenders and his shot doesn't connect well. The ball flies back out to Istvan Nagy who gets it to Varga, who sends the ball forward to Bene who can't find his way through and gets it top Molnar, who's got some space on the left side... SAVED!! He can't convert the shot from that angle, and it's back to the midfield. Italy fail with a few breakthrough plays as the half-time whistle is around the corner, Varga decides to take the run through the centre, he's got support but it looks like he's waiting for his chance. As the defenders close in he gets it to Bene, whos tries the shot... SAVED!! Albertosi denies Bene the equaliser and fires it back into the centre just as the whistle blows.
A tight half there, but Italy emerge with the advantage. The score line as it stands: Italy 1-0 Hungary.
---------------------------------------
HALF TIME
Italy are definitely looking like the more successful team today but lets have a quick look at what the statistics say:
Possession
Hungary are leading on possession stats but only marginally, and trail Italy in their success rate for keeping the ball.
Shooting
Both sides have delivered some good shots, all of them being on target which is a rare occurance. Italy have taken 4 shots where Hungary have only managed 2.
Defending
Defensively Italy has been more successful, with more tackles and interceptions, but the Hungarian keeper has committed to more saves despite conceding a goal. Italy have committed the only foul and have received the only card of the game so far.
Let's head back to the action with our commentary team.
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SECOND HALF
The whistle blows and the second half is underway as Hungary look immediately to press and reclaim the advantage. The ball flies towards Sipos who takes it down the left wing, beating out his markers to find Bene in space. The ball comes in and Bene leaps to fire the overhead kick and... DEFLECTED! Facchetti got there in the end and the ball comes to nothing as the Italians look to push forward. As with the first half the game is really tight in the midfield, the ball seems to be played back and forth between the teams as they try to make the runs but struggle. Hungary make some more attempts, this time with Nagy down the right wing, but it's caught by Burgnich and they won't be able to convert this time. It's back in the midfield, and Fogli is trying to find a way forward for the Italians. He finds a quick pass to Leoncini, who gets the ball away before Rakosi can reach him. It's a winderful chipped ball that finds Juliano, who's ahead of the defenders and has a chance on goal... GOAL!!! Juliano makes it 2-0 for Italy and adds another goal to his tally at the World Cup!! A thundering strike across the goal to the bottom right corner, and Italy are firmly in the lead 56 minutes into this game!!
The game restarts and Hungary really have it all to do now, they need to start scoring to avoid this game running away from them. Nagy is looking for some space through the left wing, he can't get through the first time and Hungary have to deal with the Italian counter-attack, they close down the forwards and intercept the cross, firing the ball back down the Nagy who this time has the space to make a run. Bene and Molnar are nowhere to be seen so he's going to have to take this run by himself. He thunders down towards the keeper, who's ready to meet him. He strikes... SAVED!! It's deflected upwards and the ball is still in play here, Nagy running to try and get the header... but it's collected by Albertosi who sends it back to the midfield. Fogi collects it and it's onto Barison, who's got some space to run on the left wing here, he's found his way past the defenders and is looking in a place to cross the ball. He's got support in the centre but Szentmihayli is trying to close him down. He crosses the ball further out, and it's met by Mazzola who strikes... SAVED!! But only briefly and Szentmihayli can't hold it as the ball keeps rolling... GOAL!!! Italy make it 3!! Mazzola's volley deflected off the keeper and he's furious with himself for letting that one in!! Italy are now running away with this match at the 63rd minute, and Hungary are looking dejected on the field as they trundle back to the restart.
Hungary look like they've completely fallen apart here, as the game restarts and Italy seize back possession, Juliano making a run and he's getting into good space here for the shot. He could make it 4 here as he strikes... SAVED!! Deflected by the keeper out for a corner kick, and that must have been nerve-wracking for Szentmihalyi, where were the defenders to support him? The corner is being set up and we see Juliano coming off for Luigi Meroni, Juliano one of Italy's heroes and no doubt the manager will be already thinking about the semi-finals in this substitution. Leoncini delivers the ball into the box and it finds the head of Bulgarelli... SAVED!! Wasn't enough power on the header to trouble the keeper and it's collected nicely to be replayed. Difficult situation for Szentmihayli, conceding the two goals this half, you have to wonder what's going on in his head at this time. Hungary struggle to keep possession as the ball gets back to the midfield but are picking up defensively, preventing any further incursions by the Italian forwards. They finally get a chance to fire a long ball down the field to find Istvan Nagy... offside, and he was just out of position there as the linesman raises his flag. More changes for both sides now, Fogli off for Giovanni Lodetti, and Hungary's first change here, Kalman Sovari coming off for Kalman Ihasz.
The restart comes and Italy is back on, Mazzola getting the ball forward to Bulgarelli, who finds Meroni and strikes... SAVED!! Just tipped away from goal by the keeper for an Italian corner kick, and they're preparing here as Bulgarelli comes off for Marino Perani. The corner is played short and Perani is looking for the cross. They can't cross so he takes it forward and passes to Lodetti, who breaks away and finds some space for the shot... HITS THE CROSSBAR!! That could have made it 4-0 there and the keeper is breathing a deep sigh of relief that it didn't. The balls still not out of danger here as it bounces back into the box to be collected by Leoncini, who fires it back to Guarneri, who gets it back to Mazzola, who finds his way through and he's on here... MISSED!! Too much power and height on that ball and it flies over the bar! He shouldn't be missing from that range at all!! The ball is back in the midfield but not out of danger yet, as Leoncini is looking to get it forward... and he's fouled!! Varga brings him down and it's a free kick for Italy! The Hungarian captain gets a yellow card, as Hungary bring on a fresh substitution, Dezso Molnar off for Florian Albert. Burgnich comes up to take the free kick, getting it forward to Leoncini, who finds Mazzola in the centre and in front of goal. Mazzola goes through, Szentmihayli comes to meet him, he chips the ball... AND IT'S IN!! Mazzola makes it 4-0 for Italy in the 83rd minute and Hungary have been totally beaten today!! The Italian fans are celebrating like they've won the match and they practically have!! It all seems too much for Hungary to do now!!
Hungary are truly defeated right now and the best they can hope for is to try and get a goal back. Albert is looking to make a run almost immediately here and he's brought down in good space outside of the box here... the free kick is given, that was too much for the referee as they prepare to face it. Rakosi to take, can he deliver the ball in... he can't, Albertosi collects the ball and sends it forward again, where it finds Mazzola and he looks like he's got another chance here! He runs towards the goal and tries his luck at the near post... SAVED!! Keeper did well to prevent that but it's back for a corner kick, and not out of danger yet. The Italians are looking dangerous here as they rush to get the ball back in. The corner is played short, into Barison who finds Mazzola again in the box and... GOAL!! I can't believe it!! Italy have completely dismantled Hungary here today, this was not the result any of us were expecting from this game, and we're in complete shock!! In the 88th minute Italy have defeated and humiliated Hungary!!
It's all over!! Italy are through to the semi-finals!! Hungary look completely stunned at that performance, I'm not sure any of us were expecting that to happen, and Italy will be the team to beat heading into the next round!! We'll see who will face Italy in the semi-finals later today, with our live coverage of the Soviet Union vs Argentina!
[spoiler=Score]
Italy 5-0 Hungary
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Occupation Norway, Le Equatoria
Tema: Fredelige protester skal være mulig fra høytstående soldater ved forlag i Osloten
Dato: 8. desember 1966
Fokuset på den fredelige kampanjen i Osloten var rett på sak, med vekt på offentlige kunngjøringer og bilorganer som grep inn for å gi demonstranter en mulighet til offisielt å kunngjøre demonstrantenes fødsel.Den 2.-7. desember 1966, i tilfelle en betydelig eskalering skjedde mot demonstrantene, så reporteren rapporter om en effektiv og slående endring i atmosfæren da militære enheter var klare for kampanjen og kjøretøyer Tilbehør ankommer Yuras kampanjeprotestside Arbeidsgruppen oppretter en ordre for studenter å se om proporsjonene av hva som gjør det slik at det ikke er behov for offiserer å handle raskt for å spre og holde demonstrantene, spesielt siden Forvaltningen av vanlige beslutninger fra allmennheten og allmennheten og spesielle organkjøretøyer for kontroll av tjenestemenn iverksetter tiltak for å ivareta sikkerheten til både demonstranter og allmennheten. Offisiell leder for demonstrantene Mesteparten av tiden er det ingen vekt og det er hyppig presentasjon av problemene som er nevnt i rapporten, med noen av dem som av og til nevner hovedpunktene diskutert med... Ettersom demonstrasjoner av de ulike rapportene generelt fremhever styrken til politiarbeidet som kreves for å kontrollere innbyggerne, virker organisasjoner spesielt bekymret over brudd på ytelsesrettigheter. Spesielt... hyppige og grundige inspeksjoner Og i samsvar med undersøkelsene i tråd med rapporten, har rapporten utløst omfattende spekulasjoner om bruken av operativsystemet og tilstedeværelsen av befal i området... Lokale komponenter vil være nødvendig for å gi flere detaljer om situasjonen. La publikum få vite om varme- og trafikkkravene under det som var ment å være en fredelig demonstrasjon.
🇳🇴National Television News Network🇳🇴
Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff
Revolution in South
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
[list][sup]Federation of South Arabia
August 1966[/list][/sup]
[sup]7 August
The Popular Front for the Liberation of South Yemen distributed leaflets calling for a general strike in Aden in order to oppose British colonialism. Indeed, many trade unions responded. Many of the strikers were subjected to violence by British soldiers, and some of them were arrested on charges of inciting a strike.[/sup]
[sup]10 August
The Popular Front for the Liberation of South Yemen distributed many anti British colonial leaflets in English containing threats directed at British soldiers and inciting them to flee Aden before they became targets of the PFLSY.[/sup]
[sup]19 August
A fighters group from the Popular Front for the Liberation of South Yemen set up an ambush on the Lahj-Aden road for a military truck loaded with British soldiers that was heading to Aden. The PFLSYÂ’s fighters came out and showered the truck with bullets before the British soldiers realized that most of them had been wounded and five of them were killed. Then the PFLSYÂ’s fighters fled, leaving behind one dead man.[/sup]
[sup]27 August
The Popular Liberation Front fighters sent a package to the Royal Air Force Khormaksar air base in Aden. The package was delivered to the military police at the gate of the base. While the package was being examined, it exploded and killed three military police soldiers.[/sup]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Al-Jammahirya Al-Arabiyya, Le Equatoria
First National Assembly
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[list][sup]Sanaa, Yemen Arab Republic
30 August 1966[/list][/sup]
[sup]The first session of the newly elected Yemeni National Assembly was held today, which is the first elected legislative Assembly in the history of Yemen, and in the presence of the President of the Republic, Lieutenant General Hassan al-Zaydi. Dr. Ibrahim al-Alami was chosen as Speaker of the National Assembly. The Assembly will consist of 74 members, including 5 appointed by the President of the Republic. The Assembly will meet twice in year, for a week to discuss the nationÂ’s issues and vote on decisions and laws, provided that it meets on an emergency basis if circumstances require it, provided that it is by decision of the President of the Republic.
President Al-Zaidi delivered a speech before the National Assembly, part of which was:[/sup]
[list][sup]"Today we are on the path to democracy. We have taken our first step."
"The role of the National Assembly is to be the voice of the nation and express the issues of citizens."
"We must continue on the path of the August Revolution in order to develop and build Yemen, not for our sake, but for the sake of our children and grandchildren in the future. We are now biting the seed of the future."[/list][/sup]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Le Equatoria
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
QUARTER-FINALS: SOVIET UNION v ARGENTINA
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Welcome to Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield where you join us live for our last quarter-final match of this FIFA World Cup. We've already seen some shocks and some incredible football so far, and tonight will surely be no different. The match for tonight, it's the Soviet Union against Argentina. A strong match between two extremely strong teams here, let's have a quick look at the sides heading into the match.
The Soviet Union are one of the highest-ranked teams in the World and have enjoyed one of the strongest qualifying runs in the tournament so far. They topped their group which included Yugoslavia, the Andes and Zaire to advance to the next round where they faced off against neighbours and rivals Norden, whom they defeated 3-1 to be with us tonight. A fantastic squad with some extremely high quality players, they will be hard to beat tonight and will be hoping to see the semi-final sun for the first time in their history.
Argentina enjoyed a similarly strong qualifying run and are the second-ranked team in the World. They are two-time world champions and are boasting an extremely talented squad here today. Argentina also finished first in their group which included France, the U.A.R. and the United States to book their spot in the knockout stages, where they faced off against historic rivals Spain. After an incredibly hard fought match, Argentina came out on top to book their spot in this round. With the exit of their natural rivals Brazil, Argentina will be looking to push forward and try to claim a record third World Cup title at the end of this tournament.
As the players enter the field for the national anthems, let's have a quick look at the squads for tonight:
Soviet Union
Lev Yashin will start in goal for the Soviets. In defence we have Leonid Ostrovskiy, Vladimir Ponomaryov, captain Albert Shesternyov and Viktor Getmanov. In the midfield, we have Valentin Afonin, Murtaz Khurtsilaba, Valery Voronin and Igor Chislenko. In the front, we have Galimzyan Khusainov and Eduard Makarov.
Argentina
Antonio Roma in goal for Argentina. In defence we have Roberto Perfumo, Silvio Marzolini, Roberto Ferreiro and Nelson Lopez. In the midfield, it's Jose Varacka, Oscar Calics, Carmelo Simeone and captain Antonio Rattin. For the forwards, it will be Luis Artime and Anibal Tarabini.
The first kick will go to the Soviet Union, as we await the starting whistle here in Sheffield.
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FIRST HALF
The whistle blows and away we go, the Soviets looking to try and take an early lead here as Khusainov takes a run at the Argentine goal but heÂ’s held by the defenders and pushed back. Now itÂ’s ArgentinaÂ’s turn with possession and they get it to Carmelo Simeone, whoÂ’s making a good run here through the defenders and heÂ’s already in a good place to strikeÂ… MISSED!! Over the crossbar and the early chance is wasted! The Soviets are looking a little overwhelmed by the pace of the Argentines here, and theyÂ’re struggling to keep any of their attacking plays going as the Argentines regain possession quickly in their half. ItÂ’s Simeone again whoÂ’s got the shot onÂ… SAVED!! Into the arms of Yashin who tries to get it away. ItÂ’s back into the centre and the ball comes to Rattin, who gets it forward and into space here, the Soviet defenders are trying to close him down but he gets the cross in to ArtimeÂ… SAVED!! Yashin was all over that and there was no chance that was going in! Argentina look hungry for a goal and with the way the play is going it may not be too long before we see one.
The Soviets are struggling to get the counter-attack on as the Argentine defence keeps closing them down. The strikers are barely getting a touch on the ball before theyÂ’re disposed and Argentina is back on the attack. This time itÂ’s Tarabini, whoÂ’s looking strong here as he powers his way through the defenders and tries a shotÂ… MISSED!! ItÂ’s too high and wide and misses the mark! TheyÂ’re doing well to create these chances but I think theyÂ’re going to want to start converting these sooner rather than later! The Soviets are trying to push forward here and find Calics, who gets the ball forward to Makarov, who fires a powerful shot toward the Argentine goalÂ… HITS THE CROSSBAR!! The goal rattles under the power of the shot and the ball flies back out into the penalty box! ItÂ’s cleared away by Simeone but not for long as it comes to Khusainov who tries to find some space around the outside and strikesÂ… SAVED!! Knocked out of play and a corner kick for the Soviet Union as they find their attacking feet in Sheffield tonight.
The corner comes through short and Afonin tries to cross the ball in, but itÂ’s deflected away by the keeper there and out into the midfield. Argentina try to get the ball moving along but the Soviets have closed them down here and it comes to Voronin, who runs with the ball for a second or two before striking towards goalÂ… SAVED!! Keeper just deflects it away and itÂ’s cleared by the Calics, who gets the ball forward and now onto the Argentine counter-attack, but they canÂ’t convert as their efforts are closed down and the play gets bogged down in the midfield. Both sides are pushing for the attack here, the Soviets trying to make a breakthrough but it comes to Argentina, Calics getting it to Artime, who makes a fantastic run and heÂ’s in a tight spot here. He takes the shotÂ… JUST WIDE!! Skims the outside of the net as we canÂ’t convert the goal this time!! Half-time is closing in and theyÂ’ll want to get a goal in sooner rather than later.
Both sides are playing superbly here as the Argentine defence holds on in the face of the Soviet forwards, preventing the crosses from the left wing as they try to get the ball forwards. The Soviets are pressuring the Argentine goal but leaving themselves exposed as they play the ball out to Varacka and then to Tarabini, who has space to run and options available. The Soviet defenders look to cover him and he crosses the ball to Rattin, who has a good chance to strikeÂ… MISSED!! DoesnÂ’t get the right angle and the ball rolls out of play!! The ball is sent back down the pitch and in play for the Soviet counter attack, Voronin to Makarov, who fires away andÂ… SAVED!! Caught by Roma who wastes no time in getting the ball back up the pitch and far away from his goal. The ball lands in the centre but is dropped forward to Rattin, who loses possession to Ostrovskiy but quickly gets it back and knocks it to Simeone, whoÂ’s fouled!! Argentina have the free-kick and itÂ’s in a dangerous location for the Soviets!! This will be the last kick of the first half as the clocks counts down. ItÂ’s a yellow card for Getmanov, and they set up for the shot. Simeone to take it, he takes his runÂ… DEFLECTION!! Straight off the defensive wall and the ball lands firmly in the grip of Lev Yashin, as the whistle blows.
It's been a tight first half here, neither side able to make the breakthrough as we head into half-time. A lot of chances for both sides, and ones they really should have converted by now. WeÂ’ll wait to see what the second half has in store for us this evening but the scoreline as it stands: Soviet Union 0-0 Argentina.
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HALF TIME
Both sides seem fairly evenly match out there on the pitch but lets see how the statistics for this half are looking:
Possession
Argentina have a small advantage on possession statistics definitely owing to their dominance in the first 20 minutes of the game, both teams showing fairly strong statistics in runs and dribbles as well.
Shooting
Argentina lead in terms of shots, taking 10 shots in the first half over the Soviet UnionÂ’s 4 shots, the Soviets managing 2 shots on target and Argentina managing 4 shots on target.
Defending
The Soviets have been leading the defensive game, with more tackles and saves, but Argentina have been better on interceptions with 11 at this stage of the game. Both sides have committed a foul each but only the Soviets have received a card at this stage.
All-in-all, a difficult first half to call and it will definitely be difficult to call the second half. The Soviets are looking strong defensively but we canÂ’t deny that Argentina are dominating the attacking play, I think it wonÂ’t be long before we see some goals in the second half.
Lets head back to our commentary team for the second half.
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SECOND HALF
The second half gets underway as Argentina try to apply pressure immediately but are closed down in the midfield. The Soviet midfielders get the ball forward to Makarov, who has a good run on goal here and manages to find his way there unmarked. He takes a powerful strike on goalÂ… SAVED!! Not enough to be Roma but itÂ’s out for a corner and the danger isnÂ’t over for Argentina just yet. The corner is played short and goes to challengeÂ… and itÂ’s a free kick! This is really dangerous for Argentina now! Perfumo is hit with a yellow card and they rush to get ready for the ball to come in. The free kick is takenÂ… straight into the arms of the keeper who fires the ball back to the centre. The attrition is starting to settle in for both sides as they fail to make the counter attacks and the ball is passed around the midfield. Not the play the fans want to see but the tension is building here between the two sides.
WeÂ’ve got Artime in space here, trying to make the breakthrough. HeÂ’s got a path through here as he beats Shesternyov and makes his way into the box. He strikes andÂ… SAVED!!! Deflected by Yashin out for a corner, that was looking like a fantastic chance to take the lead!! The corner is played short and now Simeone is looking to make the crossÂ… but he takes it out of bounds, silly mistake there from the player. The ball thunders up into the midfield and the Soviets are looking to take the advantage. The play has definitely slowed down here as they struggle to find their way through the defence, but they do and Makarov has got an excellent chance on goal here, heÂ’s unmarked and in the boxÂ… AND HE MISSES!! That was an absolute golden chance for them!! How did he miss that shot!! It goes high over the cross-bar and out for an Argentine goal kick!
The play is getting really bogged down in the midfield here, both teams really fighting for possession but itÂ’s going the way of the Argentines as they fight to get to the front here. It goes out to Artime who chips it to Rattin. HeÂ’s in space and has options waiting for him in the penalty box, the cross goes in and finds TarabiniÂ… GOAL!!! Argentina break the deadlock and take the lead here!! What a fantastic piece of attacking football there!! TheyÂ’re celebrating down at the corner flag and the Soviets will need to work hard to bring this one back!
The Soviets restart the game and theyÂ’ve experienced a rude awakening here as they fight to get back into the game. Formation change for Argentina as they bring on two new forwards and theyÂ’ll but putting everything into attack from this point onwards. After diffusing another Argentine attack, the Soviets find Khusainov in space, but heÂ’s closed down and gets it forward to Voronin, who strikes from distanceÂ… DEFLECTED!! ItÂ’s out for a corner kick but Roma did well to stop that!! They waste no time getting the corner set up, time is of the essence for them as the fight to try and get the equaliser. The ball comes in and finds itÂ’s way to Makarov who takes the shotÂ… SAVED!! Caught by Roma who prevents the ball from going any further here!! The Soviets temporarily quell the Soviet attack as we head into the last 10 minutes of play.
The play is getting stuck in the midfield as Argentina are trying to hold possession for as long as they can to prevent any further Soviet advances. The game is getting tense as the clock runs down, the Soviets coming in with one final chance, they send it down to Chislenko, who gets into good space and beats out the defenders. He crosses the ball into the box where itÂ’s headed by MakarovÂ… SAVED!! The keeper almost misses it as he lies face down in the pitch. He knew that was his best chance to level this tie, and he dare not look at the clock to see how long he has left.
The final whistle blows!! Argentina will face Italy in the semi-finals, theyÂ’re celebrating all over the pitch!! That was a hard fought victory for the Argentines, the Soviets really held on there until the very end but just couldnÂ’t quite deliver. ItÂ’ll be an interesting semi-final round for this tournament, weÂ’ll see you next time!
[spoiler=Score]
Soviet Union 0-1 Argentina
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Le Equatoria
[ Death of Salazar: Part 2 ]
Lisbon, Portugal: 1966
| Salazar had been discovered the very next day, laying by his desk completely unconscious and unresponsive. The man was found by one of his aides who had not seen him after the meeting, and the news had spread very quickly of the PMÂ’s collapse in his office. One of the very first to find out was Alexandre Silva, who had his very own spies and workers within the main government buildings of Lisbon. The news had reached him in the early morning hours, leaving him with very little time to get ready to go and see what was going on. Nearly half past 09:00 in the morning is when he was able to arrive, the prime ministerÂ’s personal residence was away from the capital at the outskirts of the city. Despite being one of the first to receive the news, he was not the first to arrive at the house. Showing his credentials to the guards, he drove through the main gate and parked his 1963 Chevy Apache truck besides one of the more luxurious vehicles, a older Packard 200. He recognized the vehicle as that of his friend, General Almeida, which meant that Alexandre could only hope that the man had been one of the first to arrive at the home. Only one could imagine the power vacuum left behind if Salazar would happen to have died already, as many of the current members of government were already paranoid of a coup or anything resembling if. Arriving at the front steps to the home, he would flash his credentials once more before being allowed inside. The house itself was hectic to put it mildly, with nurses and various doctors coming down the stairs leading to the bedroom on the second floor. Removing his jacket and setting it to the side, he would walk towards the stairs and see one of the other government members coming down. Ferrāo Fonseca was descending the stairs, the man was another ‘friendÂ’ of his. The man was one of the many that supported his outlook on how the country should change, and in fact how the government itself should change. Fonseca wasnÂ’t the only civilian politician to think this way, but most were too paranoid of Salazar to do anything else. |
[ Alexandre Silva: ] “I take it that things aren’t looking any better?” He asks with a raised brow, Fonseca shakes his head in the negative.
[ Ferrāo Fonseca: ] “Not from the look of things, heÂ’s been in a coma this entire tim. Talk is already beginning about succession.” The balding and thin man remarks to Silva, who nods his head at the words.
[ Alexandre Silva: ] “Good, that is what we need. Make sure that Almeida, Ramos, Castro and Barboza know about our meeting later tonight.” Fonseca raises his brow at the name ‘Castro’ but then remembers Salvador Castro, who is a well respected Tenente-General within the Portuguese Air Force and a visionary for jet fighters.
[ Ferrāo Fonseca: ] “IÂ’ll see to it that they know.” He responds with a nod towards Silva as they walk towards the bedroom. Before either men can enter the bedroom, the one door opens up and one of their conspirators happens to step out. Mateus Ramos, Vice-almirante in the Portuguese Navy.
[ Mateus Ramos: ] “Well, the old man is gone.” Mateus says to them after the door closes, as the muffled squabbling of those in the room could be heard just slightly. Leaving the three of them with no doubt that they had very little time left, very little time indeed.
| The next couple of hours were filled with controlled chaos, as various members of the ruling government decided on the line of succession within the government. While it was believed that Marcelo Caetano would be taking SalazarÂ’s place in government, it had to be decided by a overall committee vote. A committee in which needed unanimity would decide the vote of who would be the next leader of Portugal, one that Silva and many others did not wish to see come to fulfillment or their plans would be in shambles. Because he was the deputy to Salazar, Caetano would hold temporary powers until the vote was official. Tensions amongst those with interests in the final say were very tight, needless to say, as many officers within the army wanted to have more power and say within the government. Whereas the civilians in the government were rather divided on what actions they should undertake, and most people did not make it public who they supported. Such actions could lead them to being censured, possible imprisoned during times like this. Alexandre Silva and his conspirators intended to enact a bloodless coup, with Almeida and Fonseca leading the stance from inside the government itself as both of them were sitting members on the committee. Time was something they had, yet didnÂ’t have at the same time. The longer that they waited, the more time it would give for certain positions to become permanent, or even be ousted from their own positions as well.
Above all else, it was imperative that they go through with their plan in the next couple of days or weeks. Lest they find themselves undertaking a civil war, which was something that neither the government or military would be able to endure. The fighting in the overseas colonies was bad enough, but fighting on their own soil with the current geopolitical situation would be devastating. Leaving them with a single option, that of bloodlessly couping the current temporary government and replacing it with one of their own making. Ultimately the decision was made that September would be the best time to enact it, as it would give all of them time to stonewall the ongoing actions of the temporary government and to build support. Amongst all of them one phrase was very common ‘Viva Portugal’, a rallying cry they intended to use in order to bring about the change in their nation. One of technological, economical and military progress, rather than stagnation. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Earstenia, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria
[list][pre]September 1966[/pre]
[sub][/sub][/list]
[list][list][list][pre] T Y V E S T Ä P U U H U N N O U S T A A N [/pre][/list][/list][/list]
[list][pre]The nexus of the world's intersections lays luminescent serenity [/pre][/list]
[list][sub]Internally, Finland found itself entwined in the echoes of its post-World War II era, a narrative now underscored by the symphonies of change and resilience. The aftermath of the Winter War with the Soviet Union cast a haunting melody upon the collective consciousness, leaving an enduring imprint on the nation's soul. Against the backdrop of a geopolitical sonata, Finland harmonized delicately between the Western and Eastern blocs during the Cold War, navigating the complex composition of international relations. The specter of the Soviet Union, akin to a powerful symphonic motif, reverberated through domestic and foreign policies, shaping the melody of the nation.[/sub]
[sub]Economically, Finland is undergoing a metamorphosis, bidding farewell to its traditional agrarian serenade as industrialization and urbanization crescendoed. While this crescendo bestowed prosperity upon some, it also raised concerns about dissonance in social equality and the displacement of rural communities. In the urban centers, particularly Helsinki, the youth embraced the allegro of change, echoing the global sentiments of impassioned calls for social justice, civil rights, and an end to the metaphorical war melodies, such as the Vietnam War.[/sub]
[sub]Amidst this symphonic turmoil, President Urho Kekkonen emerged as the maestro, wielding pragmatism, skillful diplomacy, and a profound sense of national interest as his baton. Like a musical composition, Finland, having weathered the Winter War's storm, adhered to the harmonious notes of neutrality and non-alignment, following the "Paasikivi-Kekkonen Doctrine" as its guiding melody. This orchestration aims to secure Finland's safety by maintaining a pragmatic relationship with the Soviet Union. The diplomatic dance in this movement of the Cold War was intricate, requiring Kekkonen's virtuosity to keep Finland from being caught in the dissonant clash of superpowers while securing favorable trade agreements and economic partnerships.[/sub]
[sub]Kekkonen's leadership, a sonata in itself, played a crucial role in orchestrating Finland's destiny. Domestically, his tenure resembled a finely tuned symphony, his political acumen acting as the score that harmonized the intricate politics of the nation. As Finland faced internal discord related to its social and economic metamorphosis, Kekkonen's virtuoso leadership ensured stability, allowing the nation to traverse the symphonic complexities of becoming a more industrialized and modern society.[/sub]
[sub]Yet, not every instrument in the ensemble played in unison. Veikko Vennamo, a political virtuoso in his own right, founded the Finnish Rural Party and composed a dissenting melody. His criticism, a dissonant counterpoint to Kekkonen's symphony, focused on Finlandization and Ostopolitk, viewing them as compromising the nation's sovereignty and independence. In this symphony of political discourse, Vennamo's composition added a contrasting note, challenging the perceived deference to the powerful neighbor and calling for a different cadence in Finland's foreign policy.[/sub][/list]
[list][list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty[/sub]
ELÄKÄÄ SUOMI - SUOMI IKUISESTI
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, The Great Expanses, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
SEPTEMBER , 1966
Bandar Tutong
Munition Standardisation Initiative
| After numerous reports of logistical issues, relating to the supply of varying ammunition types. Which was then made into a more major issue with the service of the [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=rmb/postid=53932929]next generation sidearms[/URL]. The pegawai of security, Adam Danish would issue a formal letter to the president, requesting for the standardisation of ammunition calibers for at the bare minimum of their domestic produced small arms. The president after reading the letter, would approve the request, and send a reply letter informing the approval, and telling Adam that he would be placed in charge of the " Munition Standardisation Initiative ". |
| Adam would work very closely with a handful of veterans, and some cadets that has been picked out from their platoons by their commanding officers. Adam would have to rely on their thoughts, and opinions as they test out all of the ammunition types that are being used in the military, in both active service, and those in storage. |
| Adam would conclude that, they have too many small arms that are chambered for full powered cartridges. Which is limiting the military capabilities of carrying large amounts of ammunition, due to the weight, and size of the full powered cartridges. Along with that, Adam would decide that they should make a return to the " compact machine gun " concept. That spawned the [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1866596]Padat-1936[/URL]. |
| Adam would section off a room in [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=rmb/postid=53749345]Tutong Arsenal[/URL], towards the production of the calibers that he would show to the president, for the approval for them to become the standardised munition of the Bruneian Armed Forces. Along with that he would meet with Loke Bao Yi, on Loke Senjata beginning their development of a successor to the Padat-1936, so that they could bring a compact machine gun back into full active service. |
| Meeting with the president, Adam would present a box of each different ammunition types with each box containing 20 rounds of ammunition. Firstly is the rifle round, 8×39mm BSB. Secondly is the machine gun round, 5.39×45mm BPSM. Which has a unique construction, of a full metal jacket that have a somewhat complex construction. It uses a boat-tail design to reduce drag. The long boat-tail projectile's jacket is clad in gilding metal. The unhardened steel rod penetrator core is covered by a thin lead inlay which does not fill the entire point end, leaving a hollow cavity inside the nose, and there is a small lead plug crimped in place in the base of the bullet. The lead plug, in combination with the air space at the point of the bullet, has the effect of moving the bullet's center of gravity to the rear; the hollow air space also makes the bullet's point prone to deformation when the bullet strikes anything solid, inducing yaw. The bullet is cut to length during the manufacturing process to give the correct weight. Thirdly is the pistol rounds, 5.7×12mm BPB. Lastly is the rounds designed for revolver, 11.43×23mm BPR. Which is speculated to have as much if not more power then the American .45 ACP. All of the ammunition were approved, to become the new standardised ammunition for Brunei domestic small arms. Along with that, president Hadif would create the " Program Penggantian Senjata Api ". Which is a program to develop new small arms to be chambered in the new standardised ammunition, which would take the place of their current domestic small arms. With the only small arms that won't be part of the program, would be sidearms. Instead the sidearms would need to be modified to allow for the chambering of the new standardised ammunition. The small arms that would come out of the program, will be considered as Brunei second generation small arms. The end goal of the program is to have new small arms that come out of the program, every year. The first year would be for a new service rifle, the second year would be for a carbine rifle, the third year would be for a battle rifle or an assault rifle, and the final year would be for a machine gun. |
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Spain-, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
Post by Sapfia suppressed by Amsterwald.
Post by Safiniatin suppressed by Amsterwald.
OHHH HELL NAHHHH
[sub]☭ REPÚBLICA REVOLUCIONARIA CUBANA ☭[/sub]
[list][list][list][sub]"A revolution is a struggle to the death
between the future and the past.”[/sub][/list][/list][/list]
[sub] || LA HABANA - OCT 1966 || [/sub]
[list][sub][sup]V O L U M E ⠀2[/sub][/sup][/list]
[list][sup][sub]C H A P T E R ⠀5 :[/sub][/sup][/list]
[list][sup]USHERING IN A NEW AGE[/sup][/list]
[list][list][list][sub]
"The fact is, when men carry the same ideals in their hearts, nothing can isolate them - neither prison walls nor the sod of cemeteries. For single memory, a single spirit, a single idea, a single conscience, a single dignity will sustain them all"
~ Fidel Castro [/sub][/list][/list][/list]
⠀
[sub][pre]After two years of organizing and consildating control over the various factions that have emerged, the Communist Party of Cuba has finally risen as the vanguard of the Cuban masses. A process of restructuring and consolidation under the leadership of Guevara, including ushering in the 'Democratic Offensive', a cultural-revolution like event that prompted mass nationalization of industry, cultural projects, increased militarization of society, and a focus on the creation of the 'Cuban New Man'. The party, having been originally formed as the Revolutionary Democratic Party as a way to merge the revolutionary organizations of the Cuban revolution into one entity, has finally found its footing as it heads into its first National Congress. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]With over 5,000 delegates participating in the congress taking place in the Karl Marx Theatre, it was certainly no small event. Many so-called "Cuba watchers" anticipated the grand event. Preceded by a small cultural festival, highlighting Cuba's recent focus on proleterian cultural projects such as ballet, an artform which has received significant funding in recent years allowing it to develop into one that rivals even that of European ballet companies. The National Congress opened as do most Communist congress with a rendition of 'The Internationale' before playing the Cuban national anthem.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]The Chairman of the Communist Party of Cuba, Commandante Guevara, proceeded to take the stand to deliver the Report by the Central Committee. Che praised developments such as increased sugar and tobacco production, the exploitation of Cuban minerals such as copper, increased refinery capabilities, and a higher access to consumer goods than average for Communist nations. The report praised the 'Democratic Offensive' which it noted that "Despite being in early stages, the Democratic Offensive has so far re-organized Cuban society amongst Socialist lines, and its future will be bright". The report then proceeded to mention the shortcomings, such as the unfocused direction of governmental policy, unsustainable debt accumulation, unproductive industry, and an inability to return to pre-revolutionary economic growth rates.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]Following the report, Commandante Che launched another speech, in which he condemned the Yugo-Soviet split, lamenting "Soviet weakness" and "Yugoslavian capitalist restoration". Using the latter as an excuse, Che launched another attack on who he called "Capitalist roaders" within the PCC, already weakening the rightist factions meagre standing that has been damaged by unrelenting attacks from Che for the past two years.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]In the second it was President Castro taking the centre stage, echoing Guevara's sentiment against Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union. On topics of foreign affairs, he announced that the PCC will take its neutral stance on the Sino-Soviet split as an official policy, promote ties with any 'willing fraternal nation', and open up to national-democratic and third-worldist movements regardless of ideology. Most likely prompted by the recent isolation it has faced internationally and its weakening ties with its greatest ally, the Soviet Union. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]For the rest of the congress, it was policy proposals and debate. However by the sixth days, a number of policies had been approved. The economic direction of Cuba will be decided by Five-Year plans starting from next year, and the economy will now be fully planned amongst Marxian lines (while still allowing limited private business ala East Germany), the PCC would take on a leading role in state affairs officially through an amendment to the constitution which declares it as the leading vanguard of state, the Democratic Offensive would continue with full support, Cuba will seek a process of opening up to foreign partners though in line with its Marxist aspirations, and a firm decision to attack any that 'follow the capitalist road'. Concluding the congress, Fidel gave a speech of hope that the congress will, usher in a new road towards Cuban Socialism.[/pre][/sub]
[/LIST]
______________________________
[pre]
VIVA CUBA!
VIVA CHE!
VIVA FIDEL![/pre]
Rutannia, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Le Equatoria
[list]1966년 09월 28일
[sub]Syngman Rhee[/sub][/list]
[list][sub]FORMER PRESIDENT, SYNGMAN RHEE, DIES AGED 91[/sub][/list]
[sub]SEOUL, Rutannia[/sub]
| In the early hours of the morning on September 28th rumours quickly spread in KoreaÂ’s upper circles that the former and only President of Korea had passed away at the age of 91. The news remained unconfirmed for several hours until a statement was released by his surviving wife Franziska Donner, confirming that Rhee had passed away from stroke complications. The news was then quickly jumped on by the press pushed in into their morning newspapers and became the dominating story across the radio waves. |
| The controversial figure spent his remaining years in Hawaii following his ousting from office in 1960 by mass protests leading to the April Revolution that saw Park Chung-hee come to power. Born in March 1875 into a modest rural family living in northern Korea, RheeÂ’s family could trace its lineage back to King Taejong of Joseon, despite his early Confucian upbringing Rhee enrolled in the Paechae School, an American Methodist school. His early career saw a brief stint as the head writer for Hyeopseong, and teaching Korean to Americans. |
| Rhee became deeply involved in Japanese activity following the First Sino-Japanese War, including implications in a plot to avenge the assassination of Empress Myeongseong. Regularly organising anti-Japanese and anti-Russian protests aimed at highlighting corruption and influence. Eventually joining the civil service, Rhee was implicated in a plot to remove King Gojong of Korea from power. His escape from prison following the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War in 1904 fleeing to the United States spending much of his time trying to convince senior American politicians to intervene and promise Korea its independence. |
| RheeÂ’s return to Korea, no thanks to the US, was seen more as a coronation. Despite the efforts of other activists and groups, Rhee was the favoured candidate of the United States. Not only because of his deep connections, but his fluency in English and understanding of America, with US figures finding it far easier to communicate about Korea through Rhee. Once favoured and establishing his position Rhee quickly slid towards authoritarian rule to further solidify his position all in the name of routing out communism, this would culminate in the Korean War between 1950 and 1953. South KoreaÂ’s victory in the war catapulted Rhee into almost god-like status amongst the general population, however under the surface tension was brewing. |
| A country effectively destroyed by the war and heavily reliant on US aid, Rhee could hold people together with words, but the dire economic situation in Korea was beginning to sink his presidency. Towards the end of his regime the increasing economic problems led RheeÂ’s authoritarian tendencies to become harsher and harsher as he regularly put down protests with violence and arrested opposition figures. The 1960 presidential election, now widely proven as rigged, effectively ended RheeÂ’s authority over Korea. Protests against the election result were put down with gunfire, which only spurred on the protesters further, eventually culminating on the 26th of April. Large sections of the military, led by Park Chung-hee and the now King turned on Rhee descending on the Blue House forcing RheeÂ’s resignation. Rhee, his wife and his adopted son were evacuated by the United States military and allowed to flee to Hawaii where he spent the rest of his days. |
| RheeÂ’s death has brought up questions about his legacy, while his time in office oversaw countless deaths and authoritarian rule as well as a squandered economy, his deep focus on education gave the building blocks for KoreaÂ’s now quickly growing economy. His legacy as a fierce fighter for KoreaÂ’s independence is hard to ignore having dedicated his entire adult life to the cause. Even those that ousted him from Prime Minister Park to the King have been paying their respects to him throughout the day, as well as well-wishers who have made their way to the Blue House gardens and his childhood home in Pyongsan County, Hwanghae to lay flowers and stand in respect. |
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Le Equatoria, Zingium
National Smuggling
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
[list][sup]Sanaa, Yemen Arab Republic
1 September 1966[/list][/sup]
[sup]At night, five civilian trucks from the Yemen Arab Republic arrived at the tents of one of the tribes of the Sultanate of Upper Yafa. A man with a strong build got out of the truck and moved with confident steps towards one of the men of the tribe who had gathered to receive the trucks. A man who appeared to be the leader of the tribe came forward and welcomed the man and took him into his tent.
Inside, the two men met, who were Sinan al-Jarhoum, the leader of the Nakheb tribe, which is one of the Sultanate of Upper Yafa tribes, and the other man was Major Hamza al-Aboudi, an officer from the Yemeni army, and the conversation took place between them:[/sup]
[list][sup]Al-Jarhoum: You arrived early
Al-Aboudi: Yes, I think we can move now and arrive before morning
Al-Jarhoum: No, you will not move until you eat. Do you want us to be accused of being stingy (and he laughed)
Al-Aboudi, smiling: Thank you, but you know the mission is secret and we must arrive and unload the trucks before dawn
Al-Jarhoum: Then I will wait for you and your men to return to host you
Al-Aboudi: Of course
Al-Jarhoum: My son will go with you and show you the way to the Radfan Hills. Allah be with you.[/list][/sup]
[sup]The two men moved to leave the tent, and Al-Aboudi signaled to his men to get into the trucks and move towards their goal, to transport Cargo of rifles, ammunition, and explosives sent from the Yemeni army to the Arab Nationalist Organization in South Yemen, an organization preparing for hostile actions against the British forces in the south in order to liberate Yemen, which showed that The Yemeni army's movements on the borders of the Sultanate of Upper Yafa were not to combat smuggling, but rather to ensure that the army smuggled weapons to the revolutionaries in the south.
[/sup]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list][pre]K I N G D O M O F G R E E C E • Β Α Σ Ί Λ Ε Ι Ο Τ Η Σ Ε Λ Λ Ά Δ Α Σ[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][list]A ROYAL WEDDING : KING CONSTANTINE MARRIES PRINCESS ANNE-MARIE OF NORDEN[/list][/list][/list]
[list][list][sub]THE KING AND QUEEN OF THE HELLENES, Adriatican Islands[/list]
[list][list]SEPTEMBER, 1966[/sub][/list][/list]
| The streets of Athens were jubilant, and the people of Greece rejoiced and cheered, for today was a grand occasion. Today, on the 18th of September 1966, Greece would finally get a new queen. The streets outside the Royal Palace in Athens were filled with cheerful Hellenes, as King Constantine II of Greece and Queen Mother, Queen Frederika, rode on the Greek royal carriage through the streets of Athens, en route to the Metropolitan Cathedral of Athens. Today was finally the day all of Greece had been waiting for, and after two years, it was here the wedding of King Constantine II of Greece, and Princess Anne-Marie of Norden ( Canovia ). As the King and Queen Mother arrived at the Cathedral, they were cheered on by the people of Greece and received a salute by the Evzones — elite members of the Greek Royal Guard. Inside the sultry air of the cathedral lay a who's who of global royalty and nobility. Prominent figures in attendance were most of the Nordic Royal Family, the Greek Royal Family, Queen Juliana of the Benelux ( Bayern Kahla ), King Umberto II and Queen Marie-José of Italy ( Arcanda ), Prince Juan Carlos and Princess Sofia of Spain ( Spain- ), Prince Charles, Princess Anne, and Lord Mountbatten of the United Kingdom ( Great Britain Gb ), ex-Sultan Zainal Abidin II Bin Zahier Al Hafiz of Brunei ( Maziya ), former President Nikola Koprivnikar of Slovenia ( Amsterwald ), and Foreign Minister Sardar Swaran Singh and Shahaji II of India ( Kewtpuff ). |
| Meanwhile in the streets of Athens, the bride-to-be, Princess Anne-Marie of Norden, along with her father, Frederik IX of Norden, was brought to the cathedral on a second royal carriage. The two were cheered on, as the Princess smiled and waved to the Greek people. Anne-Marie won over the hearts of the Greek people in 1963 when her engagement to King Constantine proved to be popular. The match was also beneficial to Greece, as the wedding gave Athens further political stability in the face of unstable relations with Ankara, and growing weariness over Kypros. As the carriage arrived at the cathedral, Anne-Marie, accompanied by her father, and her forty-foot-long dress carried by her six (6) bridesmaids, locked eyes with the King. As the ceremony began, the two were symbolically crowned by Queen Frederika, who crossed their rings three times, along with their crowns — a symbol of the holy trinity. The Princess showed signs of nervousness, while the King remained confident throughout. The service was carried out by the Archbishop of Athens and lasted forty-five (45) minutes. At the end of the ceremony, King Constantine and the radiant new Queen Anne-Marie of the Hellenes stepped out of the cathedral, and into the terrific heat of the Athens sun. |
| As the two newlyweds triumphantly boarded the royal carriage out of the cathedral, they were driven through the streets of Athens, where thousands of Greeks lined the streets, cheering them on. Coloured paper flew all over, resembling large confetti. Flags of both Greece and Norden hung from the streets, fluttering through the wind. Meanwhile on Mount Lycabettus, a 101-gun salute was fired, signalling the start of a bright future for the new couple. As the wedding reception was held in the Royal Palace in Athens, support for the Greek monarchy in these bittersweet times was now at an all-time high, and a new wave of Hellenic patriotism and nationalism emerged, as some may describe it, the recent victories achieved by Greece was the start of a new Hellenic Civilisation. |
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
[/list][/list]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Earstenia, Nippon-Nihon, Holy Vatican City States, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
30 , SEPTEMBER , 1966
Kota Melaka,Malaysia
Trust The Process: Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sir
| President Hadif would meet with Tunku Abdul Rahman in the city of Kota Melaka. When Hadif reached the meeting venue. He saw Tunku Abdul Rahman, sitting down at a table with two chairs. Hadif would introduce himself to Tunku Abdul Rahman;
[List][I]" Pardon me, but are you Tunku Abdul Rahman...sir? "[/I][/list]
The Malaysian prime minister, looks up. Staring at his Bruneian counterpart, before responding:
[List][I]" That depends. Who's asking? "[/I][/list]
Hadif fixes his posture before speaking again;
[List][I]" Oh sure sir. I'm Hadif Rayyan, president of Brunei, sir. I've been hoping to meet you for quite some time, sir. "[/I][/list]
Tunku would give a smirk before saying;
[List][I]" I'm getting nervous- "[/I][/list]
Hadif cuts him off, rather rudely. But not with I'll intent:
[List][I]" I've heard about your ambitions to form a united Malay state during the Aisy administration. It's a bit of a blur, sir... I've been hoping to get Brunei into the union. "[/I][/list]
Tunku face changes to a more neutral expression as he says;
[List][I]" So...you couped the democratic government? "[/I][/list]
The two men would stare at each other for quite some time. With an awkward silence filling the room. |
| Hadif would smile nervously and say;
[List][I]" I know it seems stupid, but I'm not stupid. So tell me, how could Brunei enter the Malaysian union? "[/I][/list]
Tunku would take out some pieces of paper, and pens. Settling them on the table as he says:
[List][I]" Just by having the virtue of being a Malay nation. "[/I][/list]
Hadif shrugs and says:
[List][I]" Well, I guess I already got that covered. What else? "[/I][/list]
Tunku smiles, before asking;
[List][I]" Would you like a drink first? "[/I][/list]
Hadif moves the second chair backwards, so he could take a seat as he says:
[List][I]" That would be nice. "[/I][/list]
Tunku orders some tea for the both of them, before looking back at Hadif to say:
[List][I]" While we wait, let me offer you some free advice. Talk less. "[/I][/list]
Hadif gave a perplexed expression to Tunku. Tunku simply smiles before continuing with his advice:
[List][I]" Smile more. Your no longer in the military, this is politics. Don't let your opposition know what your against, or what your for. "[/I][/list]
Hadif settling his field cap on the table says:
[List][I]" You can't be serious? "[/I][/list]
Tunku face changes to a more serious expression, as he says:
[List][I]" You wanna get ahead? Fools who run their mouths, wind up dead. "[/I] |[/list]
| The tea arrives, and Tunku Abdul Rahman takes a sip of his tea. Hadif staring into his cup of tea, ask the Malaysian prime minister:
[List][I]" We should talk about some state borders first. The state of Temburong, the state which is separated from the rest of Brunei, by Sarawak. What should we do with it? "[/I][/list]
Tunku Abdul Rahman puts down his cup, and clears his throat, before giving his response:
[List][I]" Simple solution. We will hold a vote for the citizens to decide if they wish to remain a part of the state of Brunei or become their own state or be absorbed into the state of Sarawak. "[/I][/list]
Hadif takes a pen and writes down, Tunku solution for Temburong down. Afterwards he asks:
[List][I]" What about investment. The state of Temburong, is one of the most rural state in Brunei at this moment. It would need a sizeable investment to not be an economic burden on Malaysia. "[/I][/list]
Tunku would sit there, as he ponders a response. After a few minutes he provides his answer:
[List][I]" Well generally speaking, the Borneo states require sizeable investments due to the lack of proper investment towards expanding, and maintaining the necessary infrastructure for a modern civilisation. So Temburong would be no different. It might see more of the investment money on it, if the infrastructure there is really that poor. "[/I] |[/list]
| Hadif takes one sip of his tea before saying:
[List][I]" Changing the topic. What about the integration of the Bruneian Armed Forces into the larger overall Malaysian Armed Forces, sir? "[/I][/list]
Tunku responds:
[List][I]" Considering the difference in drills, practice, and traditions. I'm thinking of giving Brunei its own state army, similar to what is done with Johor. But the Bruneian navy will be absorbed into the Malaysian navy. "[/I][/list]
Hadif with a slight tone of annoyance in his voice, because he is loosing access to the Bruneian navy. Asks the Malaysian prime minister:
[List][I]" Have you heard about the recent [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=rmb/postid=54158203]Munition Standardisation Initiative[/URL]. I think it should be carried over to Malaysia. So that all Malaysian small arms could be chambered with the Bruneian standardised ammunition types. "[/I][/list]
Tunku intrigued by what the Bruneian president said. Gives a question to Hadif:
[List][I]" Why should Malaysia, adopt the Bruneian initiative to standardised ammunition types? "[/I][/list]
Hadif with a perplexed expression says to his Malaysian counterpart:
[List][I]" You are serious right? It's because of logistics of transporting supplies. If you have a huge variety of different ammunition types, they could get mixed up when things are being transported to your divisions that are armed with a variety of different guns. Which if we mitigate this issue by standardising ammunition, would increase the effectiveness of the military to react, and execute operations. "[/I][/list]
Tunku Abdul Rahman writing down what Hadif said. Tunku Abdul Rahman would say:
[List][I]" Ah, I see...What about equipment? I think if we were to adopt your Munition Standardisation Initiative, we should use your nation robust small arms infrastructure to modify our current small arms to chamber the munition used as part of the standardisation initiative. In the meantime Malaysia could create the necessary infrastructure to do it ourselves. "[/I][/list]
Hadif just gives a thumbs up as a response. But he does say:
[List][I]" If that's the case, then it'll be very slow. I suggest you take the time we have now to create the infrastructure you need to just modify your present small arms to chamber different ammunition. "[/I] |[/list]
| Tunku Abdul Rahman writes down, Hadif remark before saying:
[List][I]" What about we continue talks another time. Gives us more time to figure out the integration of the Bruneian Armed Forces, and other affairs that need to be sorted out. "[/I][/list]
Hadif chugs down his cup of tea, then puts on his field cap. Afterwards he says:
[List][I]" Thank you for your time, and the hospitality sir. I can see a future where Brunei, and Malaysia are one, if this keeps up. "[/I] |[/list]
[List]| [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=rmb/postid=54110684]Part 1: First Contact[/URL] |[/list]
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Abessinienreich, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Spain-, Mutawakkiliti, Zingium
[list][pre]DECEMBER of 1966[/pre][/list]
[pre]THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS
Союз Советских Социалистических Республик[/pre]
[pre]GENERAL SECRETARY ALEXEI KOSYGIN SOLIDIFIES REFORMIST HOLD ON POWER WITH THE PASSING OF MAJOR ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL LEGISLATION[/pre]
[pre]ГЕНЕРАЛЬНЫЙ СЕКРЕТАРЬ АЛЕКСЕЙ КОСЫГИН УКРЕПЛЯЕТ ВЛАСТЬ РЕФОРМАТОРОВ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ПРИНЯТ ОСНОВНЫХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ И ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВ[/pre]
| [sub]After securing the support of the CPSU Politburo and defeating conservative Nikolai Podgorny to secure the position of General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Alexei Kosygin hit the ground running in asserting his rule over the Kremlin. He immediately convened the heads of state of the Warsaw Pact and extended a hand for extensive discussions with the United Arab Republic on bilateral partnership growth, and demoted Andrei Gromyko to Deputy Foreign Minister, and ascending Anastas Mikoyan to his position. By large margins, the reformist wing of the Soviet Communist Party had won in the wake of Khrushchev's surprise resignation, which many considered to have been extremely influenced by Kosygin, who before Khrushchev's departure was the First Deputy Premier and the first in line to succeed him. The reformists had been growing in power and influence ever since the demise of Brezhnev's attempted hardliner coup against Khrushchev, and now held the top positions in the Party bureaucracy.[/sub] |
| [sub]With this level of influence within Soviet politics, Kosygin also hit the ground running on domestic issues. The Soviet Union was just beginning to implement his 1965 economic reforms aimed at partially liberalizing and reforming parts of the Soviet command economy that he argued was not refined in a way to allow maximal economic growth for the country and the Soviet people. Khrushchev and his moderate wing of the party had been lukewarm supporters of the reform at best, and with that wing's frontman now out of the picture, Kosygin was able to ensure swift implementation of his economic reforms immediately upon his entering the office of Premier of the Soviet Union. Kosygin passed a major proclamation through the Supreme Soviet affirming the support of 'all corners' of the Soviet government for Kosygin's 'broad economic initiatives' which would include efforts to strengthen the Soviet's export numbers. The end goal was to have the USSR and its Warsaw Pact become a serious economic competitor to their Western counterparts, namely the United States and the European Economic Community.[/sub] |
| [sub]Kosygin's political influence was also solidified with the passing of legislation to appoint top reformists and 'socialist centrists' to important positions across the vast Soviet bureaucracy. Naturally, Kosygin ensured continued support from more conservative wings of the party by abiding by the framework socialist principles the Soviet Union was founded on, but made his government one that emphasized reforms, just like Khrushchev during his early years after the fall of Stalin. Kosygin has spoken positively of the brief but colorful Soviet Thaw and has already begun initiating the movements necessary to liberalize tight regulations on Soviet architecture, potentially paving the way for national implementation of a colorful resurgence of creative Soviet architecture that reflects the best of the socialist ideology in Tashkent.[/sub] |
| [sub]The Soviet space program will also be a major policy point for Kosygin's government. Days after entering office, Kosygin signed a proclamation requiring greater 'peaceful' cooperation between the various design bureaus that handled different parts of the Soviet rocketry industry. The proclamation was first conceptualized and implemented under Khrushchev, but was expanded under Kosygin to ensure smooth operational unity amongst the working gears of the Soviet space program. Crucially, this would allow for greater interaction and cooperation between Vladimir Chelomei, Sergei Korolev, Mikhael Yangel and Valentin Glushko, the great men of the Soviet space program. Development of the Soviet response to the Saturn V, the behemonth N1, is already underway with Chelomei and Glushko providing landmark technical support to the project, and the Soviets are moving full steam ahead on their Lunar flyby program, to be flown aboard the UR-700; Chelomei's N1 equivalent. While the Soviets remain significantly behind the US's equivalent Apollo program, Kosygin's mandated cooperation between design bureaus is likely to help in the acceleration of development and an easier testing regime.[/sub] |
| [sub]With the General Secretary's power now secure, the Soviet government turns its eyes towards 1967, where Kosygin has already expressed his intention to roll out reforms in other areas, including efforts to boost industrialization, strengthen political and economic partnerships, and re-assert Soviet military dominance as the superpower next to the United States. After the departure of Yugoslavia from the Warsaw Pact and the subsequent diplomatic fallout, Kosygin has been sure to spend a majority of his time as General Secretary so far to affirm the continuing strength and dominance of the Soviet Union in all aspects of society. While in America they continue fighting for civil rights, Kosygin declared in November of 1966, shortly after his election as General Secretary, the Soviet Union has already achieved this level of true fairness. Persons of all kinds, including women, are already greatly involved in the Soviet space program. The future of the Soviet Union now lays in the hands of a reformist and his ambitious dreams for a Soviet Union that can truly compete with their Western counterparts.[/sub] |
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[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Abessinienreich, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Spain-, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
★ UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC ★
[list][list][list][pre]
"Within the Arab circle there is a role wandering aimlessly in search of a hero.
For some reason it seems to me that this role is beckoning to us-to move, to
take up its lines, put on its costumes and give it life"
[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
_________________
[list][sub]PETRONASR: OIL POLITICS & THE INFLUENCE OF BLACK GOLD[/sub]
[sub][sup] OCTOBER 1966 - ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT[/sub][/sup]
[sub][pre]In just a short few years, the Arab General Petroleum Corporation has grown little by little to become the United Arab Republic's greatest economic engine. Providing over 55% of governmental revenues through direct dividends and royalty taxes, contributing over 15% of the national GNP, and employing thousands of Egyptians. ArabCo. has become more than just a company, but an overall symbol of the United Arab Republic's growth in recent years, a company owned and operated by Arabs (though with significant Italian involvement), with its revenues going into Arab coffers, funding Arab projects, a symbol of independence and power.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]ArabCo's position has meant that it has attained status of national importance and focus. It is for this reason that it has also recently attained another dimension, that of a political entity and a pillar of power. Its massive economic contributions and its revenues funding development projects and industry meant that whoever had nominal control over the company would also have a major political ally on their sided. In recognition of this, President Nasser had worked tirelessly to reign in ArabCo under complete control of the country's leadership. A massive, 124 page restructuring plan was presented to the Arab Socialist Union's Exec. Committee which proceeded to approve it and put it into motion.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]The first phase of this restructuring focused on the creation of the 'Nasr Company for Petroleum and Gas Products' or PetroNasr for short, which was to serve as a holding company to which ArabCo. would become part of. PetroNasr would also be managing exploration agreements, export contracts, and all revenues would directly go to the government. Furthermore, PetroNasr would also be managing alongside ArabCo. several construction, real estate, chemical production, refinery, and other associated hydrocarbon industry companies. PetroNasr's creation is aimed squarely at not only bringing ArabCo under full governmental control, but also expanding its capabilities so that it would undertake direct development projects for the country, as well as protect the political aspect of the company. Case in point, the newely appointed PetroNasr board contains within it 6 members with military background out of the 11, and its chairman being quite intrestingly Abdullah Tariki. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]Tariki was a maverick oil minister of Saudi Arabia in the early 60s, however his staunch Nasserism and his desire for a constitutional monarchy had forced his exile to Beirut, where he instead served as an expert and opened his own advisory firm. During his stay in Beirut, ArabCo made use of his services where he then eventually moved to Cairo and preformed advisory duties for the Ministry of Industry and Petroleum. Tariki, who is commonly referred to as the 'Red Sheikh', appointment as Chairman of the Board of PetroNasr is no doubt as much politically motivated as it has to do with how generally competent Tariki is (having previous serving in the board of Aramco).[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]In the wake of this restructuring, the newly emerging PetroNasr then focused on establishing itself as a true dynamic engine of growth. For this it once again came into contact with the Italian ENI (which owns half the shares in ArabCo and is currently a partner). The French Trans-Mediterranean which ran from Algeria to France, had threatened ENI's traditional market with millions of tons of cheap Algerian oil. It also threatened Egypt's access to the market, where no doubt French products would be preferred. Reviving earlier plans for a pipeline running from Libya to Sicily, PetroNasr and ENI conducted feasibility projects throughout 1966 for the creation of a rival oil pipeline. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]As the end of the year approached, Tariki, accompanied by a joyed Nasser, held a press conference in Benghazi where he announced to the Egyptian press that the construction of the pipeline would go ahead with full support from ENI who would be carrying a major portion of the costs (over 55%). The pipeline, aimed at fully rivalling the French pipeline, would run from the oil city of Mellitah in the Western coast, to the town of Gela in Sicily where it would connect with Italy's oil pipelines, where it would then pump into the rest of Europe. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]The ambitious project aims at having the output capacity of around 500,000 barrels per day, or about 25 million tons of oil annually, making it one of the bigger pipeline projects, though not the largest by capacity or size when compared to other major oil producers such as the Soviets. [/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]Not content with simply competing with France, Tariki as Chairman then focused his sights on domestic development. In a business event held in Alexandria, Tariki pledged that PetroNasr would begin the process of building "800 schools" in Upper Egypt, divided equally amongst boys and girls schools. In another event, PetroNasr announced that it would join in one of the urban construction projects slated for development next year. Tariki also succeeded in getting Nasser to pass a decree that gave PetroNasr large degrees of autonomy in how it operates and it business model, allowing it to introduce financial incentives and greater access to healthcare than other State-Owned companies. [/pre][/sub]
[/list]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Abessinienreich, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Spain-, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria
[B]REFORMA MARCIAL
[sub]| Agosto 1966 | San Salvador, Républica de El Salvador |[/sub]
President of a nation on the backswing from three decades of military rule, Wilton EfraÃn de Olmos y Ettinger received El Salvador at a tumultuous time when everyday Salvadoreños carried split opinion on the question of the future of the Armed Forces. Though some preferred the abolition of their military altogether, taking from the example of Costa Rica, others remain hardline, stressing the importance of national defense. The administration of Olmos y Ettinger both benefacted and squandered from the notion of full abolition, attempting rather to limit the military in such a degree where it's sudden upheaval and or seizure of executive power could never be replicated, doing fairly well to appease every angle of the debate, for the most part.
In light of his already four years incumbent, Olmos-Ettinger and his policies thus far are well liked by the general public, despite his ignoring the issue concerning the military during that time. Whilst thousands of families victimized by the national army's sheer brutality would march on the capitol to demand justice from their new President, pompous Generals with delusions of grandeur continued to stall martial reforms by way of bribery and strong-arm. Their time, however, proved gravely limited, reinforcing the futility of their efforts once the Office of the President proposed a reform bill addressing the fate of El Salvador's armed forces in July 1966. The bill detailed the complete deconstruction and reorganization of the three branches of the Salvadoran Armed Forces into smaller, intricately specialized defensive-roled Corps comprised solely of volunteers, limiting the circumstances in which conscription could be enacted. In addition, the military would provide legitimate opportunity in regard to higher education and career-building to incentivize voluntary service that is ultimately worthwhile to both the enlisted and retired.
On 3 August 1966, the bill was passed into law by both houses of the Asamblea Legislativa and thereafter became formally known as the Martial Reduction Act. The traditional apparatus of the military would be entirely overhauled and redesignated. As a whole, the armed forces became the Fuerza de Defensa Salvadoreña, with the following subordinate units, the Cuerpo de Defensa Terrestre, Cuerpo Aeromovil Salvadoreño, and the Cuerpo de Defensa MarÃtima. Not only is each corps uniquely patterned, but also include several civic-military wings and auxiliaries while significantly reduced in numeric inflation compared to the previous organizational structure reliant upon conscription.
—
[spoiler=[sub]DIOS, UNION, Y LIBERTAD[/sub] —] Adriatican Islands Amsterwald Anglo Channel Arcanda Cascadla Cheezaslovakia Connomia East Germany Ddr Greater Adriatican State Great Britain Gb Greater Kurdistane Israelli Kewtpuff Kotakuan Ii Ma-Li Maziya Metropolitan Francais Mutawakkiliti Neepal Nevbrejnovitz Newauroria New Provenance Nileia Nippon-Nihon Osivoii Paramountica Paseo Peking Zhongguo Pontianus Provenancia Ranponian Rio De La Plata Argentina Rutannia Saudi Arabiyah Socialist Democratic Republic Romania Spainard Sudesam The Confederate Prussian Empire Vancouver Straits Victoria Harbor Virnall [/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Abessinienreich, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Zingium
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
SEMI-FINALS: ENGLAND v WEST GERMANY
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A warm welcome to everyone tuning in for this, our first semi-final match of the FIFA World Cup and it's under the floodlights here on this summers eve at Wembley Stadium in London. Tonight, we have an expression of the ultimate football rivalry, a rivalry that transcends sports and leaks into the culture of the two teams that face each other today. Join us as we cover tonights match, it's the hosts England, against West Germany. It's a tense match tonight, memories of days gone by will be gripping the crowd as the tensions grow between the fans, separated by the Metropolitan Police in the stadium. Let's have a quick look at the sides before the match begins.
England charged their way through the group stages, defeating Benelux, Mexico and Morocco to book a next round appearance against newcomers Japan, who held them to the very last moments but were unable to overcome the hosts as they advanced 2-1. They faced Europe's only debutants Portugal in the quarter-finals, and the match looked to be even at the half-time, but England switched on in the second to come away 3-1 and to take the victory to set them up for this semi-final match. England have been a consistently strong performer in the tournament so far, and I don't think it will be a stretch to imagine that this will continue into this game.
West Germany defeated Saudi Arabia, Norden and Honduras in their group stage, a considerably easier group to England to book a next round appearance against European titans Yugoslavia, whom they dispatched expertly 2-0. Their next match was against the reigning World Champions Brazil, who held them to a 2-2 all draw after extra time and saw the two sides head into the second penalty shootout in World Cup history. The Germans overcame Brazil 3-2 on penalties to book their spot in this round, and look in fine form to upset England tonight. They boast a solid team, with consistently strong results, let's see what they will be able to achieve tonight.
And the players are coming onto the pitch now, let's have a look at the starting squads for the teams tonight.
England
Gordon Banks in goal tonight for England. Defenders will be George Cohen, Ray Wilson, Jack Charlton and captain Bobby Moore. Midfielders will be Nobby Styles, Alan Ball, Bobby Charlton and Martin Peters. Forwards tonight will be Jimmy Greaves and Geoff Hurst.
West Germany
Hans Tilkowski to start in goal for West Germany tonight. The defenders are Horst-Dieter Hottges, Karl-Heinz Schnellinger, Willi Schulz and Friedel Lutz. Midfield will be Franz Beckenbauer, Wolfgang Overath and Max Lorenz. West Germany opting for three forwards today, Helmut Haller, captain Uwe Seeler and Werner Kramer to start.
The teams are preparing for the kick-off, the atmosphere is tense in the stadium. Let's head down for the kick-off.
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FIRST HALF
The whistle blows and our first semi-final is underway here, England taking the possession and trying to get forward early. Both sides are evenly matched here in the midfield as Alan Ball is looking for Greaves in space, but itÂ’s closed down almost instantly by the German defence. ItÂ’s slow going in the early minutes of the game but England appear to be pressing into the German half, with some excellent passing play trying to find Styles in space for a crossÂ… but itÂ’s caught by Schnellinger who disposes of that quickly. No real chances this early in the match but weÂ’re already seeing both sides trying to find the space for an early attack here.
The ball knocks around the midfield before Hottges makes a good run down the wing, and heÂ’s got options for a cross but getÂ’s it back to Beckenbauer, and onto Haller, who tries his luckÂ… but itÂ’s deflected off and cleared out. England arenÂ’t away from danger yet though as itÂ’s headed back towards the players, caught by Seeler and over to Lorenz, whoÂ’s making space for a cross hereÂ… but itÂ’s blocked again by Wilson and itÂ’s rolling out for a throw-in. Superb attacking play from West Germany, but theyÂ’ll need to do more to capitalise on that play.
The throw-in comes in and Lorenz tries to get the cross inÂ… but itÂ’s knocked away and cleared to find Bobby Charlton, and it looks like itÂ’s EnglandÂ’s turn to try the counter-attack. TheyÂ’re making some good runs down the centre with options forward, a pass to Hurst but itÂ’s intercepted by Overath who knocks it forward to Seeler, and then onto Overath, who tries a long shot from outside the boxÂ… SAVED!! Banks just got to it in time, and heÂ’s ready to clear the ball away from his goal. ThatÂ’s our first real chance of the game so far and that will be troubling for England this early on. They get the ball forward where it finds Charlton, whoÂ’s found space to make a run, and he strides past the defenders and looks in space to try a shot here. HeÂ’s looking for space andÂ… caught by Schulz who wastes no time getting the ball away, and itÂ’s up the pitch to Lorenz, whoÂ’s in a really good position here to send in a cross. The ball flies into the box and finds KramerÂ… SAVED!! Banks hasnÂ’t caught it and the ball is still in play here and they scramble to pick it up on the reboundÂ… but Banks closes that down and gets ready for the goal kick. Kramer should have scored from there, but great goalkeeping from Banks.
Play resumes and England try their luck on the offensive, some superb passing play in the midfield to find GreavesÂ… offside, what a close call that was, could have been really dangerous for the German keeper there. England arenÂ’t done yet as West Germany struggle to get the ball forward and it finds Styles, who makes an excellent run down the left side of the pitch and finds Hurst in space, but heÂ’s closed down there and gets the ball back to Styles, who strikesÂ… MISSED!! Over the crossbar! It was an awkward angle for him but he still had options in the centre there, he shouldÂ’ve taken more time with that shot. Tilkowski tries to play the short pass, but itÂ’s intercepted by Hurst! HeÂ’s got a perfect chance to take the leadÂ… SAVED!! Tilkowski makes up for his mistake only momentarily as he tips the ball out for a corner kick.
Corner comes to nothing as itÂ’s easily deflected away from the goal, but England still have the advantage as they collect it in the midfield. They get the ball back into the box for another chanceÂ… but the angle is too close there and itÂ’s not going to trouble the keeper. Ball rolls out for a corner kick, which is played in short, but they canÂ’t get the cross on as it goes back to Overath, who makes a good run down the centre and towards goal, he tries a long a shotÂ… SAVED! Not enough from him to get past the keeper. The ball comes back out but straight into German possession, this time they get it forward to Seeler, who finds some space to strikeÂ… SAVED!! Not enough there either as itÂ’s collected by Banks. England have woken up here, dominating the midfield play, as they keep the ball away from the West German midfielders. The ball comes to Charlton, who finds Hurst, and heÂ’s found a way through the defenders here to get on the left side of the German goal. He enters the box and fires one awayÂ… GOAL!!! England take the lead in the semi-final!! What a fantastic shot from Hurst to put them ahead, nothing FRG GK could have done about it. We head back to the reset but it's England who take the advantage 40 minutes into play in London tonight.
And there the whistle to signify the end of the first half. England really woke up in the latter stages of the half but theyÂ’re not clear yet, and West Germany will be looking to make up for that performance in the second half. The score-line as it stands: England 1-0 West Germany.
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HALF TIME
Well an interesting first half in this semi-final, letÂ’s take a look at some of the statistics from the match so far.
Possession
England are firmly ahead in possession over West Germany, theyÂ’ve dominated the midfield and theyÂ’ve proven to be far superior in the first half.
Shooting
England are head on shots with 6 to 4 over West Germany, but the Germans are proving more accurate with their shots on tonight. This could pay dividends if they can organise their attacking players in the second half.
Defending
England are playing a much better defensive game so far. No fouls just yet but the pressure of this game could get to both sides in the second half.
England have a half a towel on the final sunbed but with only one goal theyÂ’re still vulnerable if West Germany can find an equaliser, which undoubtedly the Germans will want to do. After their hard-fought win over Brazil we know that West Germany is a team that can fight to the very end, so I think England will be nervous but determined heading into this second half.
LetÂ’s rejoin the action with our commentary team for the second half.
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SECOND HALF
The second half begins and West Germany immediately try to get forward, some aggressive and fast paced play from Seeler to try and get forward here, but itÂ’s not enough as itÂ’s caught by the English defence and sent forward to Charlton, who makes a run toward goal and itÂ’s England who are on the counter-attack. HeÂ’s got some space outside the box, plays a dummy and runs into space to strikeÂ… SAVED!! Tilkowski gets a hand to it and sends it round the post for a corner kick. England still applying pressure to the Germans here and itÂ’s hard to see who will come out on top in this match. The cross comes in from the cornerÂ… but itÂ’s deflected out by Greaves for a goal kick.
ItÂ’s West Germany who are looking for the offensive here. Short ball played by Tilkowski, almost caught again by Hurts but itÂ’s jostled away by the defenders who send it forward, and it finds Haller over to Lorenz, whoÂ’s making a superb run here and tries his best to get it forward. He runs into the box on the right side, only the keeper to beatÂ… SAVED!! Into the hands of the keeper and thatÂ’s a poor shot from him there. Our first change now, Kramer for Siegfried Held as West Germany are really looking to secure that equaliser. The ball comes back out into the midfield and itÂ’s collected by Overath, theyÂ’re trying to hold possession now as they look to get on the offensive here. The ball comes forward back to Lorenz, who finds his way past the defenders into the centre, he could pass it here but chooses not to, and strikes againÂ… SAVED!! Knocked out by Banks for a corner kick. The ball is crossed in, and itÂ’s a thundering header from SchnellingerÂ… SAVED!! Into the arms of the keeper!!
The ball is getting stuck in the midfield here, both sides looking to try and score but neither making much progress. Some shots from both sides but theyÂ’re far too ambitious to get anywhere. West Germany are pushing for the equaliser, and they look like theyÂ’re dominating the attacking play in this stage of the match, but EnglandÂ’s defenders are working hard to break up any attempts. The England fans in the crowd are singing, knowing that each minute that passes is a minute closer to seeing their team in the World Cup final, and itÂ’s emphatic for them to see their team, the hosts, edge closer to football glory. It must be very difficult to be playing for West Germany right now, theyÂ’re under a lot of pressure and need that equaliser as soon as possible.
It's a double change as the ball goes out for a throw in, George Eastham on for Alan Ball and Jurgen Grabowski on for Haller to get some fresh legs on the pitch. The ball comes out to Overath, whoÂ’s looking around for the space here and finds a nice opening for a long shotÂ… SAVED!! Into the arms of the keeper for disposes of the ball as quickly as he can! The ball is sent into the midfield, but caught by the Germans who send the ball forward to Grabowski, who has a chance to make a really good run now. HeÂ’s on goal, he struggles past the defenders to strikeÂ… SAVED!! Banks was having none of it and another golden chance wasted!! England are trying the counter-attack here but theyÂ’re struggling, theyÂ’ve been closed down by the West German defence and they canÂ’t find any good chances to run. Greaves gets the ball and tries his luckÂ… SAVED!! Not enough there and Tilkowski collects that nicely!
It's the last 10 minutes of the game and the noise is shaking the very foundations of the stadium here, the excitement is building as it all comes down to the wire here in London. Can West Germany equalise or will it be England through to the semi-finals? West Germany are making some good tackles for possession in the midfield, they get it through to Beckenbauer, who takes a run down the left side. HeÂ’s got support in the centre here and looks for the long pass to Overath, who lets it through his legs to Lorenz, and theyÂ’ve caught the defenders off-guard here and itÂ’s back to Overath, who strikesÂ… GOAL!!! And there it is!! 83 minutes in and West Germany have levelled the tie!! ItÂ’s pandemonium for the players here as England will need to do it all again with less than 10 minutes remaining!!
The restart should be England looking to try and get the attack going but that goal has given the Germans some hope here, as they look to dominate possession and get it forward again to Beckenbauer, who has another run down the left wing. The ball crossed into Held, who catches it and tries to get it past the charging keeperÂ… SAVED!! Deflected out and for a corner kick, and this will be scaring the England fans as West Germany have another chance on goal! Some more changes, John Connelly on for Greaves. The corner comes to nothing but the deflection sends the ball out to the midfield. England fail to get the counter-attack going and the ball finds itÂ’s way back for a German attack. TheyÂ’re holding ball well in the centre here, and Seeler has a chance to end itÂ… SAVED!! Just caught by Banks and he did well there to stop it!
The whistle blows, and itÂ’s all level here in this semi-final! We will be going into extra time and itÂ’s tense here, both sides are playing spectacularly in this match, but only West Germany have made it this far in a match before, this will be a challenge for England. Scoreline as it stands: England 1-1 West Germany.
LetÂ’s take a quick moment to review the changes in statistics here. England are still holding the possession statistics but only marginally. West Germany have taken the lead on shoot statistics and are still maintaining the lead on shot accuracy. England are still playing a superior defensive game but after that second half, there wasnÂ’t much play bothering the West German defence.
ThereÂ’s tension and anticipation in the air tonight, letÂ’s head back for extra-time with our commentary team.
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EXTRA TIME
The first half of extra time begins and itÂ’s looking tense in the midfield, both sides trying to get the ball out to their attacking players as quickly as possible. West Germany first on the attack but it comes to nothing, as they lack the supporting players. England take the ball back and get it to Styles, who has a fantastic run and plenty of options in the box. The cross comes through and Tilkowski tries to meet itÂ… but the ball goes past him and itÂ’s caught by Connelly, who has an open goal in front of him! He takes some time to steady the ball down for the shotÂ… SAVED!! Tilkowski makes it back just in time for the save! The crowd groans and sighs in simultaneous exasperation and relief! The ball is sent back into the midfield and itÂ’s taken on by Lorenz, who makes a tremendous run down the right side with support in the middle, he goes into the box and could pass here, but chooses to shootÂ… GOAL!! What a strike!! HeÂ’s put them ahead!! England are in trouble!! A fantastic shot in the 98th minute of play here, and the tables have turned now!!
England need to get their game up here as West Germany take the lead in this all-important semi-final. They play the ball forward to Hurst, who tries to find Charlton whoÂ’s ahead of him. He gets into some good space to strikeÂ… SAVED!! Caught by Tilkowski who sends the ball back out into the midfield. The England side are getting scrappy out on the field as Seeler gets the ball and tries to find a way throughÂ… brought down by Wilson and itÂ’s a free-kick here! Yellow card for Wilsom, and theyÂ’re in dangerous space. The ball comes inÂ… and comes to nothing, deflected by Wilson to redeem himself and sent forward to Peters, whoÂ’s making a superb run with support, theyÂ’ve caught the West Germans off-guard here. He cross it in the find ConnellyÂ… MISSED!! He scuffs the volley and that goes out for goal-kick and ends the first half of extra time!!
WeÂ’ve got another change here, Seeler off for Heinz Hornig. West Germany looking to try and hold possession here but England are getting desperate for the equaliser. The ball comes out the Beckenbauer whoÂ’s again in good space here to crossÂ… deflected, England have all their men at the back and are already sprinting for the counter attack. Only 15 minutes left of this game, England need to pick up the pace and get a goal if they want to survive this match. The ball comes into the centre again and finds Hurst, whoÂ’s got a good chance to strike hereÂ… SAVED!! Tilkowski denies him and the ball is out for a corner-kick!! The cross comes in and finds the head of Bobby MooreÂ… SAVED!! Tilkowski working overtime to stop these shots!! Another disappointment for England and you can see the frustration growing on their faces!!
The ball comes out to the midfield and headed on to Lorenz, whoÂ’s put them on the counter attack and heÂ’s got nothing but open space between him and the goal. He runs into the box, keeper preparing to charge and crosses the ball over to Beckenbauer, who tries to head itÂ… SAVED!! Just saved it and that could have been the death blow for England!! 5 minutes to go and thereÂ’s tears starting in the stands, as England defend another German attack. They try to move it forward but the West German defence stands firm and they canÂ’t get into space before the counter-attack is on, and Lorenz runs into space again and he wants anotherÂ… MISSED!! Over the bar and out of danger, goal-kick England. ItÂ’s all coming down to it here and England will need a miracle to equalise!!
And itÂ’s all over!! West Germany are through to the World Cup Final!! The hosts are out!! What a difficult night to be an England supporter, there was so much promise, so much joy in waiting for that final whistle, but West Germany outplayed them and finished it here in extra-time. This will be a result that will send heart-break across the nation. England will go through to the Third Place Play-Off, but itÂ’s West GermanyÂ’s night, and they will face the winner of Italy and Argentina in the final!
[SPOILER=Score]
England 1-2 West Germany
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Abessinienreich, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list][sub]14.𝚅𝙸𝙸𝙸.1966[/sub]
[sub]L'ETÀ DEL BRONZO[/sub]
THE "BRONZED" AGE[/list]
[list][list][pre]The Italian Summertime:
Mass tourism and new mores; popular entertainment.
[/pre][/list][/list]
RIMINI, REGNO DÂ’ITALIA
[sub][nation=flag]Arcanda[/nation][/sub][/list]
[list][list][pre]▌ R.A.I. — Radiotelevisione italiana
[ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uH-eH7CCE2U ][/pre][/list][/list]
[list]| Fifteen kilometers (nine miles) of pristine and wide sandy beaches, a beachfront covered in restaurants, gelato carts and and fruit stands, a Ferris Wheel, the shrill sounds of yéyé beats, sunkissed girls in bikinis, and hundreds of tourists carrying towels and parasols with children in tow—such is the general mood in Rimini, Italy's crown jewel of resort towns, in the midst of summer. Once a privileged destination for the Belle Époque aristocrats of a nascent industrial power, the small seaside municipality has become in the span of two decades a veritable boom town, entirely catered to the needs of mass tourism. With its seaside and fairs as the sole attractions, just a few hours from Milan, Genoa and Rome—thanks in part to a brand-new cross-country highway and to the cheap and ubiquitous Fiat 500—the pearl of the Adriatic is quickly growing. The foreign observer stranded here on the fourteenth of August would find no better occasion to observe the mores of the new middle class. Ferragosto, a holiday since ancient times and now celebrated in honor of the Assumption of Mary, is a universally-observed vacation in the Kingdom; all factories and offices close their doors for an extended weekend, during which assembly-line workers and pencil-pushers alike escape the monotony of life in the large cities, and flow to campgrounds and large concrete hotels by the sea. And while empty streets and closed storefronts turn the country's beating hearts into ghost towns the span of a weekend, Rimini's streets swell and bloat with crowds—to the chagrin of those who lament a tremendous loss in character, but to the joy of its real estate magnates and shop owners. |
| Ferragosto by the sea is just one of two factors bringing together modern Italian society, increasingly separate in other areas. The other is the popular entertainment of film and music. Cheap film and a profusion of talent and producers have pushed the former into an internationally-recognized golden age, while the latter, more restrained to domestic tastes, has forged a new generation of airy and carefree teenagers—touching all age ranges, with popular singers the likes of Gianni Morandi, Rita Pavone and Edoardo Vianelli proving popular entertainers in evening musical shows and awarded prizes at the San Remo Festival. In Rome, Cinecittà produces a wide array of visual entertainment, from the high-brow oeuvre of Fellini to the bittersweet comedies of one Dino Risi. Long associated with a period of Hollywood-focused entertainment centered around tales of ancient intrigues—the peplums—Cinecittà has today moved on to a more European-based cinema. Sergio Leone is first among equals, as he spearheads the emerging genre of the Italian Western. Leone's latest iteration, "Il buono, il brutto, il cattivo", out this year, has proven a resounding success with crowds of moviegoers, although critics have been more reserved about the work, some dismissing it as crass popular entertainment. Such a panorama could not be concluded without evoking another extremely prolific genre, that of the spy thriller—the cinephile in search of action, exotic locales and skimpily-dressed it-girls would look no further than "Agent 077, From the Orient with Fury" (1965), or the adventures of one James Tont, in his respective "operazione U.N.O." (1965) and "operazione D.U.E." (1966). A golden age indeed for Italian entertainment of all genres and styles. |
[list][list][pre]▌ R.A.I. — Radiotelevisione italiana
[ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HkoW_FoRyh0 ][/pre][/list][/list]
[list][list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty[/sub]
EVVIVA L'ITALIA!
—]
[nation]Adriatican Islands[/nation]
[nation]Al-Oman[/nation]
[nation]Amsterwald[/nation]
[nation]Arcanda[/nation]
[nation]Brazil Toucan[/nation]
[nation]Cascadla[/nation]
[nation]Cheezaslovakia[/nation]
[nation]Connomia[/nation]
[nation]East Germany DDR[/nation]
[nation]Great Britain GB[/nation]
[nation]Greater Kurdistane[/nation]
[nation]Israelli[/nation]
[nation]Kewtpuff[/nation]
[nation]Kotakuan II[/nation]
[nation]Ma-li[/nation]
[nation]Maziya[/nation]
[nation]Metropolitan Francais[/nation]
[nation]Neepal[/nation]
[nation]Nevbrejnovitz[/nation]
[nation]Newauroria[/nation]
[nation]New Provenance[/nation]
[nation]Nileia[/nation]
[nation]Nippon-Nihon[/nation]
[nation]OsivoII[/nation]
[nation]Paramountica[/nation]
[nation]Paseo[/nation]
[nation]Peking Zhongguo[/nation]
[nation]Pontianus[/nation]
[nation]Provenancia[/nation]
[nation]Ranponian[/nation]
[nation]Rutannia[/nation]
[nation]Saudi Arabiyah[/nation]
[nation]Socialist Democratic Republic Romania[/nation]
[nation]Spainard[/nation]
[nation]Sudesam[/nation]
[nation]Turkiye 1st[/nation]
[nation]Vancouver Straits[/nation]
[nation]Victoria Harbor[/nation]
[nation]Vietnam SV[/nation]
[nation]Virnall[/nation]
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Abessinienreich, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Spain-, Al-Jammahirya Al-Arabiyya, Mutawakkiliti, Sport-Internationale, Le Equatoria, Zingium
International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
SEMI-FINALS: ITALY v ARGENTINA
---------------------------------------
You join us live here in London, under the flood lights as we head into our second semi-final match for the FIFA World Cup. We already saw the hosts upset by West Germany earlier to see them through to Final, and they will be joined by one of these two sides tonight that we have playing tonight. More semi-final drama coming your way, it's Italy, against Argentina. Two sides that have been playing expert football during this tournament and another tough match for both sides. Both of these teams are 2-time world champions and only one will get the chance to make history, let's review how these teams have performed thus far.
Italy charged through their qualifiers with ease and drew with Bulgaria, Australia and Costa Rica in their group. They finished their group with three wins to cap off a successful group stage to face Korea in the Round of 16. In one of the most controversial finishes in tournament, they narrowly edged out their competitors to book a quarter-final appearnces. Italy dismantled the Hungarian side, one of Europe's toughest competitors for the biggest defeat of the World Cup, and find themselves drawn against Argentina tonight. Italy have the current top scorer in the World Cup and are looking deadly as they head into this match tonight.
Argentina were one of the top qualifiers in the Americas and the second ranked team in the world. Their young and talented side cruised through their group with France, the United States and the United Arab Republic to book a spot against Spain in the Round of 16. The tightly contested match resulted in one of the toughest matches of the tournament but Argentina came out on top, advancing to the quarter-finals where they faced the Soviet Union. In a difficult match, they narrowly edged past the USSR to book their appearance tonight. A talented squad, perhaps lacking in experience from the Italians, but will still be a difficult side to beat.
Let's take a look at the squads tonight as the players warm-up for the kick-off:
Italy
Enrico Albertosi in goal tonight. His defence will be Tarcisio Burgnish, Giacinto Facchetti, Aristide Guarneri and captain Sandro Salvadore. In the midfield we have Paolo Barison, Giacomo Bulgarelli, Romano Fogli and Gianfranco Leoncini. The forwards tonight are Antonio Juliano and Sandro Mazzola.
Argentina
Antonio Roma will start in goal tonight. Ahead of him in defence will be Roberto Perfumo, Silivo Marzolini, Roberto Ferreiro and Nelson Lopez. In the midfield we have Jose Varacka, Oscar Calics, Carmelo Simeone and captain Antonio Rattin. Forwards tonight are Alfredo Rojas and Luis Artime.
The kick-off will go Italy's way, and we wait for the starting whistle to get play underway.
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FIRST HALF
The whistle blows and we are away, Italy taking early possession of the ball and looking strong as we head into the match. TheyÂ’re playing well in the midfield and find Leoncini in space on the right, heÂ’s beaten his markers and has a chance to cross. The ball flies across the goal and finds Juliano, who tries a volleyÂ… SAVED!! 2 minutes in and Italy are on the offensive, and theyÂ’ve won a corner kick with Argentina under pressure now. The corner is played short, Leoncini trying to find a way through to the centre to strikeÂ… but itÂ’s deflected, not enough there and he runs out of space as the ball is sent forward by the Argentines, who send it down to Varacka, whoÂ’s making a fantastic run here and has plenty of support coming, he fires the cross in to SimeoneÂ… SAVED!! Knocked away by the keeper, and not enough there to secure the ball. It rolls away and is caught again by Rattin, but he loses possession and the ball rolls out for a throw-in.
The ball is back in the midfield, and both sides are trying to jostle for possession here. Argentina make their way through, and itÂ’s Simeone with the run on goal, heÂ’s got options forward in the box but opts to try his luck. He strikes, the powerful ball soaring towards the goal and over the keeperÂ… AND IT HITS THE CROSSBAR!! That could have been an amazing goal there, but he just hits the bar and itÂ’s rebounded back out and caught by Guarneri. The ball is knocked around in the midfield for a while, both sides defending well but Argentina proving superior in these early attacks here. They get the ball forward again to Varacka, whoÂ’s runs around the Italian defence to try his luck now. HeÂ’s looking for options for the crossÂ… the pass is deflected over the goal and out for a corner kick. Argentina looking to secure that early goal, the cross comes in and finds ArtimeÂ… SAVED!! Into the arms of the keeper and not enough to trouble him.
The ball is sent back into the midfield and Italy pick up the pace here, theyÂ’re trying to find a way through and get it to Leoncini, who charges down the wing to try and find space here. The Argentine defence is trying to catch up with him, keeping him locked down but he gets the ball into the box where itÂ’s caught by Juliano, who adjusts himself to strike, it hits the keeper but keeps goingÂ… GOAL!! We have our opening goal and itÂ’s Antonio Juliano who strikes home to send Italy into the lead!! What a fantastic goal from a fantastic player!!
Argentina are going need to respond to that quickly. They struggle to find possession from the Italian midfield but eventually do find Rojas, who charges towards goal. HeÂ’s got support waiting for him but tries the long shotÂ… SAVED!! Rolls into the arms of Albertosi and that was a disappointing shot there, he should have used his supporting players for that one! Their mistake could cost them here as Facchetti gets it forward to Bulgarelli, whoÂ’s got all the space in the world to run on goal, he steadies himself and tries a shotÂ… MISSED!! Just wide!! He beat the keeper there but couldnÂ’t quite finish it and thatÂ’s disappointing from him!
It's ArgentinaÂ’s turn to go on the counter attack, the goal kick is played short and Marzolini makes a superb run into the centre, far away from position all the way to the edge of the box, where he passes over the Rattin, and then onto Rojas, who takes a shotÂ… SAVED!! The keeper does well to get there and get the ball out of danger for an Italian offensive. The attack breaks down and Argentina look to try and get the ball forward, where it finds Artime in spaceÂ… but itÂ’s offside, and nothing will come of that. Italy are back on the attack here and they find Fogli, whoÂ’s got some good space here to strikeÂ… SAVED!! Deflected but only just as Fogli tries it againÂ… SAVED!! Deflected again and Ferreiro tries to get it away, but the ball flies into the path of Juliano, who makes a good run at the goal and strikesÂ… GOAL!!! Italy extend their lead and Juliano puts his name on the score-sheet again!! What a strike, and Italy are dominating this match so far!!
Argentina will need to work hard to get this match back into their hands. They charge forward at the restart, really looking to get aheadÂ… and itÂ’s a foul! Juliano with the yellow card, and he has to be careful here as Argentina get the free kick! The ball thunders towards the box to find Artime, who turns and shootsÂ… DEFLECTED!! Away from danger there and it goes out for a goal! WeÂ’re already seeing a change here, Rojas for Anibal Tarabini, and thatÂ’s got to be a little embarrassing for that player there. The corner comes in and finds the head of MarzoliniÂ… SAVED!! Tipped away for another corner, and the players are rushing here! The corner comes into Tarabini, who shootsÂ… and itÂ’s deflected again! Out into the path of Simeone who fires awayÂ… SAVED!! Albertosi is putting in a good shift here!
The whistle blows, and Italy walk off the field with a comfortable advantage. Perhaps not the result we were expecting at this stage, but thereÂ’s still the second half, and we could see some changes here. The scoreline as it stands: Italy 2-0 Argentina.
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HALF TIME
Well a dominant half for Italy, and Argentina really need to step up their game. Lets have a look at some of the statistics of the first half.
Possession
Argentina have held more possession in this first half but are struggling to keeping up with the counter-attacks here.
Shooting
Italy lead Argentina in shots, with 10 shots to 7, both sides making a lot of attempts at goal with about equal accuracy figures.
Defending
Italy are far stronger on the defensive today, with more tackles and saves here. Italy have already committed one foul and received one yellow card.
The Italians look strong heading into this second half and they will definitely be the team to beat today, Argentina are going to need to work hard to get those goals back if they want a shot at the final.
LetÂ’s rejoin the second half action with our commentary team.
---------------------------------------
SECOND HALF
The whistle blows and the second half begins, Argentina already on the attack here as they push to try and get forward here. TheyÂ’re playing well in the midfield to find Simeone, who takes a run towards the centre and toward the box. He looks like heÂ’s trying to set up for a solo run and a long shift here, but he gets it forward to Artime, who tries his luckÂ… SAVED!! Tipped away by the keeper!! The corner comes inÂ… but itÂ’s blocked by Facchetti and the ball rolls out. The Italians are now looking to get the counter attack and they find Bulgarelli, who makes a superb run down the line and tries to make some space here. He gets the cross inÂ… but itÂ’s deflected for a corner by Marzolini. Argentina making another change here Artime for Alberto Gonzalez, and theyÂ’re looking to experiment with formations and tactics to try and get the goal in. Italy play the corner short, the pass is sent to Fogli, who tries to find space but the ball is caught in a scramble and kicked away from danger.
But not for long, as the Italians pick it up again in the midfield and Bulgarelli tries a shot from outside the boxÂ… SAVED!! Tipped away by Roma and itÂ’s another corner kick for Italy! Corner is played short again, but nothing comes of it as Argentina push for a counter-attack. It goes down the line for Varacka who makes a superb run and heÂ’s got the strikers in support here, heÂ’s trying to fend of the Italian defenders and delivers a short pass to Gonzalez. He adjusts himself and strikesÂ… SAVED!! ItÂ’s out for a corner kick and the Argentines are wasting no time getting set up here. Change for Italy here, Juliano off for Luigi Meroni. The corner is delivered into the boxÂ… but itÂ’s deflected away and nothing comes of it there.
The sea of blue shirt fans in the stadium are starting to sing, Italy has dominated this match and theyÂ’ve played an excellent tournament so far, for the fans it might feel like the final is just moments away. Argentina are still working hard on the pitch to prevent any further Italian attacks but are struggling to get the counter, the Italian defence proving too much for the younger Argentine side. With 20 minutes left theyÂ’ve still got time but they will need to be far more clinical and precise with their passes and shots if they want to be the Italian keeper, whoÂ’s proven himself on great form in this tournament so far. The Argentines find some space in the middle and send it forward to Gonzalez, whoÂ’s got a lot of space as he charges towards the goal, trying to close the gap and he strikesÂ… SAVED!! Another corner for Argentina! They really need to be getting these shots in now, he needs to do better than that!
WeÂ’ve got a couple of changes here, Bulgarelli for Giovanni Lodetti, and Varacka for Juan Carlos Sarni, and they get set for the corner here. The corner ball comes into Sarni, who tries his luck at an awkward angleÂ… SAVED!! Into the arms of the keeper, and the ball is out for the counter attack. Meroni picks it up and makes a fast run down the right side, he thunders the cross inÂ… SAVED!! His support couldnÂ’t get there in time and itÂ’s Argentina who are on the attack now. They get it through to Simeone, and over to Tarabini, whoÂ’s got some good space here. HeÂ’s taking his time with the shot and fires awayÂ… MISSED!! So close!! HeÂ’s beaten the keeper but he couldnÂ’t get it into the net!! ThatÂ’s disappointing for him there!
10 minutes to go and itÂ’s all looking a bit late for Argentina. Can they secure the goals they need to level the match? Italy are looking dominant in the midfield and Argentina are really struggling to get possession back. The Italian fans are really singing here as they muster their team on to secure the match and book their spot in the final. Italy are firmly keeping the ball in ArgentinaÂ’s half but struggling to get through, Argentina trying to hold off an attack, but the ball eventually comes through to Mazzola, whoÂ’s got a good run and heÂ’s in space to shootÂ… GOAL!!! Mazzola delivers the death blow, and in the 88th minute surely itÂ’s all over!! The Italian fans are going absolutely wild here!! Argentina rushing to claw something back here as they commit all their men forward, itÂ’s too little to late but they can atleast try to get a goal here. Simeone in space and strikesÂ… MISSED!! ItÂ’s over the bar and out for a goal kick!!
And thatÂ’s the final whistle!! Italy are through and will face West Germany in the FIFA World Cup Final!! A dominant win for a dominant side and theyÂ’ve been all over Argentina this match, who will face England for the Third Place Play-Off! White City Stadium is Blue tonight as Italy celebrate their chance to break records!!
[spoiler=Score]
Italy 3-0 Argentina
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Puerto Somoza, Abessinienreich, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Maziya, Spain-, Le Equatoria, Zingium
[list][list][list][pre]STATUS CIVITATIS VATICANAE
VATICAN CITY STATE
THE HOLY SEE[/pre][/list]
______
SECRETARY OF STATE OF HIS HOLINESS: POPE PAUL REMINDS CHURCH INSTITUTIONS TO TAKE CAUTION ON ALL REFORMS
[sub]VATICAN CITY | ROME, DECEMBER MCMLXVI[/sub][/list]
[sub]| SECRETARIUS STATUS SANCTITATIS SUAE - | Pope Paul VI last week called delegates of the Jesuit General Congregation, which has been discussing the reform of the order traditionally viewed as Roman Catholicism's highly disciplined and educated shock troops, to the Sistine Chapel, the site of many solemn church decisions and papal elections. Outsiders have found the renewal attempt remarkably inconclusive and dryly procedural; Paul's unexpected goal was to harshly criticize the "strange and sinister suggestions" he heard in the conversations.[/sub]
[sub]"Do you wish, sons of Ignatius, militants of the Society of Jesus, to be today, and tomorrow and always, that which you have been from your foundation until this day for the Holy Catholic Church and for this Holy Apostolic See?" asked the Pontiff. "This question of ours would not be justified if there had not reached our ears news and rumors regarding your society of which we cannot hide our surprise and, for some of them, our sorrow." A request that the Society of Jesus downplay the privileged status of the chosen "professed" priests—who are permitted to swear a fourth vow of special loyalty to the Pope in addition to the customary vows of chastity, poverty, and obedience—seemed to be one of the primary issues that Paul had in mind. Previously, only ordained priests could hold executive positions within the Society. However, the congregation wanted to change this policy by allowing lay brothers and non-ordained priests to serve on provincial advisory councils.[/sub]
[sub]For several conservatives, the first move towards undermining the Jesuit-Pope chain of loyalty was to interfere with the establishment of the fourth vow. It seems that Paul was also concerned about this. Another proposal, which he found equally unsettling, was for the Society to do away with the requirement that members spend an hour a day in mental prayer. Pope Paul reiterated that prayer is "the indispensable armor for the soldier of Christ." It turned out that the Pope's forceful admonition against overreaching reform was an obvious case of overkill, and that it was meant more as a directive for upcoming congregations than as a critique of the work that this year's group seeks to accomplish. Thankfully the congregation's delegates, who are primarily older and more traditional Society members, have shown a marked caution when it comes to reform. As business came to an end last week, the congregation sent certain important matters about the Society's structure—like whether or not to change the fourth vow—to a committee for additional research before it ended up in the hands of Pope Paul VI whom refused the reforms altogether.[/sub]
[sub]The delegates' report also stressed the significance of the daily hour of prayer in Jesuit tradition, and stated it would not allow local provincials to make any exceptions. When combined with his prior hard-line stance on birth control, the Pope's criticism revealed his intention to proceed cautiously with the Vatican Council's promised rejuvenation. Pope Paul said to a large crowd at St. Peter's on the day he addressed the Jesuits, "You cannot demolish the church of yesterday to build the church of tomorrow." |[/sub][/list]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui Sancto,
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, et in sæcula sæculorum. Amen.[/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐑𝐎𝐌𝐄
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Abessinienreich, New Provenance, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Spain-, Mutawakkiliti, Le Equatoria, Caribbean Free Enterprise Zone, Zingium
The Kingdom of Spain, A Brief Overview: From the beginning to Present day
900 BC – October 1966
[sub]The History of Spain began in 900 BC when a seafaring people called the Phoenicians who came from what is now Lebanon traded with what is now Spain and they founded a chain of trading settlements along the coast on islands and peninsulas. The Iberians living in the peninsula gave the Phoenicians silver in return for wine and olive oil as well as jewelry and the people of Spain were heavily influenced by the Phoenician culture. The Greeks also traded with Spain the Iberians were also influenced by Greek culture. Soon Carthage, A Phoenician colony in North Africa, rose to become a superpower in the Mediterranean. After the Romans defeated them in 241 BC the Carthaginians increased their influence in Spain and In 227 BC they founded the city of New Carthage (modern Cartagena). However, in 226 the Carthaginians made a treaty with Spain and they agreed not to expand north of the River Ebro. Yet in 119 BC the Carthaginians took the town of Saguntum, It was south of the Ebro but the Romans claimed Saguntum was their ally and they ordered the Carthaginian general, Hannibal to withdraw but he refused and the Second Punic War began. The Romans sent an army to Spain in 218 BC and they gradually pushed back the Carthaginians and by 206 BC the Carthaginians were gone from Spain. In 197 BC the Romans divided the Iberian peninsula into 2 areas, Hispania Citerior (east of the River Iberius) and Hispania Ulterior, however, the Iberians wanted independence and they rebelled against the Romans and in response to the rebellion, Rome sent a man named Cato who regained control of most of Spain. Nevertheless, the Iberians continued to resist, and fighting continued for nearly 200 years until Rome finally put down the resistance when the Cantabrians were defeated in 19 BC and afterward, Spain was gradually integrated into the Roman Empire as the Roman Province of Hispania.[/sub]
[sub]By the beginning of the 5th century, the Roman Empire was crumbling and Germanic peoples invaded. In 409 AD Alans, Sueves and Vandals crossed the Pyrenees and occupied most of Spain, However another Germanic people, the Visigoths invaded Spain by 476 all of Spain came under the rules of the Visigoths. In 587 King Reccared became a Catholic and in 654 King Recceswinth made a single code of law for his kingdom. The Visigoths founded new towns in Spain and they also preserved Roman culture and learning flourished during this period. However, the Visigoth kings were never very strong and the Visigothic kingdom suffered from internal divisions and in the end, the Visigoth realm was destroyed by a Muslim invasion in 711 when an army of Berbers from North Africa, led by Tariq ibn Ziyad invaded Spain and they utterly defeated the Visigoths at the Barbate River on July 19, 711. The Muslim army quickly advanced and by 714 most of Spain was under their control, leaving only the northern part of the country to remain unconquered which was under the control of the small kingdom of Asturias found by King Pelayo. This was the last Christian bastion in Spain and will serve as the platform to launch a campaign that lasted 700 years: La Reconquista.[/sub]
[sub]Al-Andalus was a golden age for Spain. During this period, Cordoba (Andalucia) became one of the most important cities in the world. Between the 9th and 11th centuries new Christian kingdoms emerged in northern Spain from the ashes of Asturias, Aragon, Castile, and Navarre. Aragon and Castile gradually begin to expanded south resulting in the capture of Toledo, the ancient Visigothic capital by Castile in 1085 and in the 12th century they continued to advance. In 1212 the combined armies of Aragon, Castile, and Navarre won a decisive victory against the Muslims at Las Navas de Tolosa and by 1250 only Granada, the southernmost part of Spain remained in Muslim hands. In the 14th century, there were wars between Christians and Muslims, the Christians won a decisive victory at the Battle of Salado in 1340 which lead to the capture of the Balearic Islands by Aragon in 1343. In 1469 Ferdinand of Aragon married Isabel of Castile and their marriage would unite both Aragon and Castile into a unified kingdom leading to the creation of the Kingdom of Spain. In 1482 they began a war against Granada, the last Muslim stronghold in Spain and Granada surrendered in 1492 which marked the end of the Reconquista. Then in 1512, Navarre was absorbed and Spain became a united country. In 1492 the king and queen ordered all Jews to convert to Christianity or leave Spain and many chose to leave. The Spanish Inquisition was formed in 1480. In 1492 Ferdinand and Isabel decided to finance an expedition by Christopher Columbus who believed he could reach Asia by sailing across the Atlantic, however, instead of reaching Asia, Columbus landed in the West Indies and discovered the Americas. Columbus made 4 voyages across the Atlantic and Spain began to build an empire in North and South America.[/sub]
[sub]The 16th century was a golden age for Spain when she was rich and ruled a great empire. Trade and commerce flourished and agriculture expanded, however, all did not go smoothly. When Ferdinand died in 1516 his grandson became Charles I. He was already ruler of Belgium and the Netherlands and he was heir to realms in Austria and Southern Germany and in 1519 Charles became Holy Roman Emperor as Charles V, becoming the most powerful man in Europe. Abroad Spain went from strength to strength and increased in power. In 1521 Hernando Cortes conquered the Aztecs of Mexico and the same year, Magellan discovered the Philippines. Then in 1533 Francisco Pizarro conquered the Incas of Peru and in 1580, Spain annexed Portugal. All of this made Spain into one of the most powerful and richest empire in history. Yet even though gold and silver were flowing into Spain the Spanish kings faced financial problems largely because of the cost of fighting wars. During the 16th century, the Spaniards fought against the Ottoman Empire and France and from 1568 The Netherlands, which was ruled by Spain, rebelled and began a long war of independence and then from 1587 to 1604 Spain also fought against England. The 16th century was a great age for literature in Spain. The greatest writers were Miguel Cervantes who wrote Don Quixote, and Lope de Vega. The 16th century was also a great age for architecture in Spain.[/sub]
[sub]During the 17th century, the power of Spain declined sharply and parts of its great empire broke away. The Dutch won a great naval victory at the Battle of the Downs in 1639 and Spain finally recognized Dutch independence in 1648. In 1640 Portugal rebelled against Spanish rule and Spain formally recognized Portuguese independence in 1668. Meanwhile, in 1635, a war began between France and Spain and In 1643 a Spanish army tried to invade France but was utterly defeated. Then in 1655 England joined France against Spain and eventually by the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659 Spain was forced to cede territory to France. In the late 17th century Spanish power continued to decline. At the beginning of the century, Spain was able to dominate Europe but by the end of the century it had ceased to be a great power.[/sub]
[sub]In 1700, King Charles II died and in his will, he left the kingdom of Spain to the French Prince Philip of Anjou, the grandson of King Louis XIV, however other European powers would not accept this as it would mean a powerful alliance between France and Spain. In 1701, the War of the Spanish Succession began between Austria and France, soon Britain and the Netherlands joined Austria against France in 1702 and the British captured Gibraltar in 1704 and Minorca in 1709. The Treaty of Utrecht, 1713, ceded both by Spain to Britain. By the Treaty of Rastatt and Baden in 1714, Austria took Belgium from Spain. Despite the war, King Philip V strengthened the Spanish monarchy and various regions of Spain were integrated into a single state. During the 18th-century Spanish agriculture expanded and became more productive and the population of Spain increased during the century and so did trade and commerce. Enlightenment ideas reached Spain and in 1767 the Jesuits were expelled from Spain and between 1766 and 1776 a politician named Don Pablo de Olavide introduced a number of reforms to Spanish society. However, there was a reaction against him and in 1776 Olavide was arrested by the Inquisition. In 1778 he was declared a heretic and sentenced to 8 years in prison, however, he escaped to France. From 1779 to 1783, Spain fought against Britain on the side of the American colonies who were fighting for independence. Later in the century, the French Revolution appalled many Spaniards and in 1793, war with France began. However, the French prevailed and in 1795, Spain made peace and then, in 1796, Spain joined France in her war with Britain.[/sub]
[sub]In 1808, Napoleon forced the King Ferdinand VII to abdicate and he made his brother Joseph king of Spain. However, the Spanish people refused to accept him and so in November 1808, Napoleon led an army into Spain and in December he captured Madrid. Yet the Spaniards fought a guerrilla war against the French and this time the British were their allies. In 1812 the Cortes, the Spanish parliament, published a constitution and it stated that the king was to be a constitutional monarch. Then in 1813, the French were driven out of Spain and Ferdinand became king again in December 1813 but in 1814 he declared the 1812 constitution null and void and made it clear he intended to rule as an absolute monarch. However, in 1820, there was an uprising in Spain and General Rafael de Riego forced Ferdinand to accept the constitution. Yet in 1823 the French king Louis XVIII sent an army to restore Ferdinand to absolute power. Meanwhile, SpainÂ’s colonies in Central and South America rebelled, and between 1818 and 1824 they gained their independence. In 1819 Spain was forced to cede Florida to the USA. Ferdinand died in 1833 and Spain was plunged into a civil war between liberals and conservatives. Ferdinand wanted his daughter Isabella to succeed him but Spanish conservatives wanted his brother Carlos to become king. The war went on till 1839 when the Carlists (conservatives) were finally defeated. In 1835 to raise money the liberals sold land belonging to the Church. In 1851 the Pope accepted the situation. In return, the state became responsible for paying the clergy. However, Queen Isabella alienated the liberals and in 1868 a revolution took place. Isabella was forced to abdicate. In 1870 she was replaced by Amadeo I but he too abdicated in February 1873. For a short time, Spain was a republic but Alfonso XII became king in 1874. A new constitution was published in 1876. In 1892 all men were given the vote. In the mid-19th century, the Industrial Revolution began to change Spain. The first railway in Spain was built in 1848 and by the 1860s railways had spread across Spain. Mining and the iron and steel industries in Spain grew in the late 19th century. However, in 1900 Spain was still mainly an agricultural country and it was still poor. Illiteracy was common in Spain and in 1880-1882 there was a famine in the South. Furthermore, in 1898, Spain was defeated in a war with the USA. She lost Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Philippines.[/sub]
[sub]From the end of the 19th century, there was increasing labor unrest in Spain. It boiled over into the ‘tragic week’ of 1909. At that time working-class Spaniards were being conscripted for war in Morocco, much to their annoyance. Worse rich people could escape conscription by paying a fee. A week of rioting began in Barcelona, which spread to other cities in Catalonia. Many of the workers were also anti-clerical and they turned their anger on the Church. Several churches and convents were burned. Socialism and anarchism continued to grow in Spain and labor unrest spread. In 1917 there was a general strike, which broke into violence. Finally, in 1923 General Primo de Riviera staged a coup to restore order. In the mid-1920s Spain enjoyed a measure of prosperity. For many Spaniards, living standards rose and industrialization continued. However, de Riviera eventually lost support and he resigned in 1930. King Alfonso XIII abdicated in 1931 and Spain became a republic again. A new constitution was published in December 1931. Socialists and radicals welcomed the new republic but conservatives feared and detested it. The Catholic Church was strongly opposed to it. However, the new regime was slow to carry out reforms and many workers became disillusioned. Meanwhile, Spain was affected by the world depression and unemployment rose. Disaffected workers held strikes, which often became violent.[/sub]
[sub]In November 1933 the right won a general election and they set about undoing the modest reforms of the previous government. The result was an uprising in Asturias, Northwest Spain. However, the government brought in troops from Morocco to crush the revolt. In February 1936 the left-wing won an election and Spain became bitterly divided between right and left. Finally, in July 1936 the assassination of Jose Calvo Sotelo, leader of the opposition gave the army an excuse to try and seize power. The result was a terrible civil war. The army managed to take control of some parts of Spain but in others, armed workers fought back. The rebels became known as Nationalists and supporters of the left-wing government became known as Republicans. On 1 October 1936 General Franco became the leader of the Nationalist army. Mussolini and Hitler sent aid to the Nationalists while Stalin, FDR, and Mexico sent aid to the Republicans. The war ended in 1939 with the Republicans victory over the Nationalists. Spain was neutral in WWII.[/sub]
[sub]Despite winning, the Republic was never the same again as Spain was devastated because of the war and the economy collapse, the republican government was unstable as various parties fight for control of the country and by 1953, the Second Republic virtually collapsed and existed only in name. In 1953, Francis Alvarez was made the new Prime Minister of Spain, a monarchist, Alvarez believed that the unity of Spain and the salvation of the nation lies with restoring its monarchy. In June 1954 a referendum was held on whether to restore the monarchy with 81% of the country voting yes for the restoration of the monarchy, Francis Alvarez declared the end of the Second Republic and the restoration of the Kingdom of Spain and the monarchy. The son of the late King Alfonso XIII, Infante Juan, became the new King of Spain as Juan III and the second republic constitution was abolished and the 1876 constitution was restored, making Spain a monarchy once again and restored the Catholic Church as SpainÂ’s State religion. In 1955 Spain became a member of the UN. From the early 1960s, the Spanish economy began to grow rapidly and many Spaniards went to work abroad. Others moved from the Spanish countryside to the cities to work in booming industries and in 1966, Spain economic recovery was doing so well that it will soon become an affluent society again with consumer goods becoming common.[/sub]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Holy Vatican City States, Metropolitan Francais, Abessinienreich, New Provenance, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Slipway, Mutawakkiliti, Bobertzimburg, Zingium
[list][list][list][pre]RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
FRENCH BUREAUCRACY
MINISTÈRE DE L’ÉCONOMIE & FINANCES[/pre][/list]
______
FRENCH MINISTRY OF ECONOMICS & FINANCE: FRENCH INDUSTRIALIST AND GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS REMAIN FRUSTRATED WITH FRANCE'S 'GOLDEN ERA'
[sub]VTH FRENCH REPUBLIC | PARIS, DECEMBER 1966[/sub][/list]
[sub]| HELM OF PROGRÉS, MINISTÈRE DE L’ÉCONOMIE & FINANCES - | France presents itself as the wealthiest nation in Europe, a smaller-scale replica of the US, and consistently succeeds in using its economic clout to advance its interests in global politics. Its gross national product is predicted to grow by at least 10% this year and next, marking by far the fastest real growth rate in the Common Market. Its industrial output increased by more than 17% in the fiscal year that ended in June. Beneath its superficial veneer, France's central region's economy is relatively underdeveloped and rather backward, a fact that the De Gaulle government has recently acknowledged and begun to address.[/sub]
[sub]Despite this fact, in 1965 France produced more than 3.4 million cars, more than twice as many as West Germany. In steel, France turned out 38 million metric tons, compared with Britain's 27 million and Germany's 36 million. Currently France exports about twice as much as Germany. The French may well run a trade surplus for 1966, and the franc has surprisingly remained strong on the world markets due to France's business with former colonies. French businesses remain fortunate with high profits, new plants, continuous research, a constant flowing of capital and a strong stock market. One issue is that an excessive number of Frenchmen wish to remain on the farms after visiting cities like Paris. France is the largest country in Western Europe that can feed itself due to its abundance of farmers; nonetheless, the country's rapidly growing industries remain understaffed. Its industrial employment rate is only 26%, even though lower at 22% in Britain and 23% in Germany. Farmers pay relatively little in taxes, so industry bears an excessive amount of the tax burden which discourages industrial expansions unless they are government sanctioned. As a result, French industry is fragmented into innumerable tiny, family-run businesses, many of whose contented owners are unwilling to take a chance on growth or make modernization-related expenditures. Ten are British, twelve are German, and fourteen are French among the top 30 industrial corporations based outside of the United States. Desires for French industrial expansion remain few despite this. French people tend to be cautious with their money and would rather lock it away in gold and real estate. They have witnessed far too many investments destroyed by inflation and wars.[/sub]
[sub]Michel Debre, the French Minister of Economics, has started to promote a comprehensive strategy to revitalize industry at President De Gaulle's request, stating that "we have no choice but to become more competitive." Steel companies have been given $2 billion in low-interest government loans, provided they upgrade and consolidate. More than fifty corporate mergers have also been facilitated by the government this year, particularly in the electronics, textile, and metals sectors. Earlier this month, the Cabinet liberalized the long-restricted French money market in an effort to increase the capital supply and establish Paris as a global financial hub comparable to London and New York. Soon, foreign companies will be able to float loans in France and French companies will be able to borrow funds fairly freely from overseas. Foreign investors will also be able to hold foreign securities in their own names, and French banks will be able to begin paying interest on foreigner's deposits. Government organizations have increased export credits and insurance, and they have even started lending money to importers of French goods in an effort to boost sales overseas. Eastern Europe is proving to be a lucrative market for France as well. Debre traveled to Moscow this week in an attempt to invigorate a Franco-Soviet trade agreement; as of November, France had sold over $470 million worth of goods, compared to its pledge to sell just $350 million worth this year.[/sub]
[sub]The fact that the Gaullists are still loosening their long-standing ban on certain foreign investments is crucial for the United States. Debre has discovered that American businesses will open branches in other Common Market nations and then freely sell to France if France bans them. Towards the end of the 1950s, after years of chauvinistic mistrust, the Gaullists have also come to accept that American technology and capital can help French business. Debre granted Motorola permission to construct a multimillion dollar factory in Toulouse in exchange for the company's promise to foster a growing semiconductor sector and make considerable research investments. Currently, American companies General Electric, ITT, and the Dutch Philips are fighting for first place with three other French producers of electrical equipment, and the French companies seem to be winning. | [/sub]
[list]______[/list]
[list][list][pre]VIVE LA RÉPUBLIQUE!
VIVE LA FRANCE!
VIVE LÂ’EMPIRE![/pre][/list][/list]
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐅𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐄
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍𝐖𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐈𝐁𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Pontianus, Sixth French Metropolitan Republic, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Holy Vatican City States, Nasrid Algeria, Abessinienreich, New Provenance, Monaco-, Andorra-, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Spain-, Slipway, Mutawakkiliti, Bobertzimburg
The Paradox of Tolerance
[I]One of the major goals for President Nyerere was to create a unified national identity beyond tribal, or religious affiliations. To do this he would use soft, and hard methods. Soft methods would include promoting cultural showcases across cities, moving administrators of different ethnicities to different villages, and promoting a friendly, joking culture. For harsher methods, Nyerere would crack down on all who wished to promote separatism or ill-will against their fellow Tanzanian.
Start the Sedition Laws
Sedition Laws werenÂ’t uncommon to former British colonies, and dominions. Most African countries; however, had either not adopted, or abolished these laws soon after independence. Nyerere would establish them in Tanzania for the first time.
Under the Sedition Laws, Tanzania would ban speech considered inciting ill-will or hate against any racial, ethnic, religious, or social class. The government was allowed to detain people for up to 2 years, and/or a hefty fine against offenders.
This would be passed 185-3, and would lay the groundwork for the laws that followed.
Persecuting the Press
Freedom of Press tended to be a double edged sword. While an informed, and educated people, with a free media as a watchdog was always a necessary good, Press was often just as willing to lie, slander, and promote ethnic and racial divide.
Under the Internal Security Act which granted preventative detention, provisions would be added allowing for the suppression, or banning of Media considered to be inciting ill-will against any of the previously mentioned groups. Libel and Slander Laws would also be established requiring a burden of proof to spurious claims made by the media.
This act passed 163 - 25, while still a majority within the TANU coalition, there were some worries about how far these laws could be taken.
Abrogate the Rights of Assembly
Protestors, and radicals had nearly torn apart the nation. When disloyal police and military broke out, the protestors nearly toppled the entire state. While the police and Military had been rightfully shattered and reformed , protests too would have to learn to submit
The Public Order and Entertainment Act would require all protests to receive a license to protest, or have any large scale assemblies. This would allow the police to deny or approve protests based upon public safety or content.
This law would pass unanimously 188 aye votes.
Extermination of Religious Extremism
Religion was a powerful, but divisive influence in society, in 1965 Tanzania had an extremely diverse population, 35% Christian, 20% Muslim, with the rest being largely divided between the numerous tribal and indigenous religions. While some wanted to push for the conversion of “savage” religions, Nyerere harshly clamped down on these beliefs.
The Maintenance of Religious Harmony, and Registrations Act would grant wide-sweeping powers to the Ministry of Home Affairs to prosecute, and silence any religious priest, pastor, or imam who used inciting speech within their church, temple, or mosque. The MHA would be granted powers to fine, or even close religious temples that broke this law.
Laws against proselytism wouldnÂ’t be technically on the books, but in practice the Maintenance of Religious Harmony and Registration Act would allow the Ministry of Home Affairs in practice to crack down on all groups if they proselytize as it upset the stability of society. The JehovahÂ’s Witness and Evangelical Christians, would be detained for proselytism in a few instances.
This law passed 150 - 38.
Deplatforming Destructive Politicians
While President Nyerere could set up any system he wanted, there would always be the chance violent radicals and extremists could bring it down. Whether externally through violence in the streets or internally through the ballot box. Nyerere knew, to protect fair and moderate democracy he would have to restrict the abilities of radicals to gain power within it.
The Political Parties Registration, and Control Act would require all political organizations to be done under the umbrella of a political party, or political associations. In practice this would divide opposition into increasingly smaller organizations. Next, under the control section of the act, political parties running on ethnic platforms were banned. Further if a politician is found to be using platforms, or specifically asking for a certain tribe or ethnic group to vote for them, they could also ban them. Finally political parties and organizations could not under any circumstances run on religious grounds, receive religious funding, have ties to foreign groups, or call for an overthrow of the current socio-political structure, or government.
Punishments could range from censoring their speech and press, fines, abolishment of their organization, or full scale arrests.
By far the most controversial of the acts, the bill would pass 120 - 68.
"Having come into contact with a civilization which has over-emphasized the freedom of the individual, we are in fact faced with one of the big problems of Africa in the modern world. Our problem is just this: how to get the benefits of European society - benefits that have been brought about by an organization based upon the individual -- and yet retain Africa's own structure of society in which the individual is a member of a kind of fellowship”
Julius Nyerere
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Abessinienreich, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Spain-, Slipway, Mutawakkiliti
OCTOBER , 1966
Kampung Hutan Tersembunyi,Brunei
Kǔnist Thought: Volume 3
| The [URL=https://www.nationstates.net/page=rmb/postid=53529314]Five Dialect Society[/URL] has continued to gain traction within the local community of Kampung Hutan Tersembunyi however it's still not enough for them to displace leftism as the ideology of the masses in the community. To alleviate this issue, a risky decision would need to be made as they continue to develop their ideology. They would present to the community their more offensive, and racially biased world view, with the release of the next volume of Kǔnist Thought as it was the same tactic that Yap Wei Bai used to have her interpretation of socialism, overtake Fong Wei Yuan's interpretation, among the Chinese community. |
| However as they continue writing the third volume for Kǔnist Thought. They considered the ramifications of them writing, and releasing this to the public. As by attaching their racially biased worldview to their series of books about their ideology. Their ideology would be viewed in a negative light, if things don't go well, which could destroy the reputation of the ideology. Along with the fact that the ideology would be conflated with other [I]racist ideologies[/I]. Which won't present a good image, for the way the group will be remembered by history. However they were gonna take the gamble for the sake of appealing to their main demographic, to gather popularity, and support. Even if it's for the wrong reason. |
| By the time Kǔnist Thought Volume 3 was completed. Some members hesitated to attach their names to the volume, but two members, with those members being Yap Wei Bai, and Low Khar Khooi eagerly attached their names to the paperback book. With Low Khar Khooi claiming top billing, by having his name listed as the primary author. An act that is a bold statement of his character. |
| [B]Kǔnist Thought Volume 3 would have the same amount of pages as the previous volumes, and having a total of 6 chapters. Along with using the same format that has already been firmly established as the style for the series of books. The chapter titles, and summaries of each chapters are as follows:
[List][I]- Zhǒngzú DěngjÃ: The idea of a racial hierarchy that goes like this:
1.Chinese
2.Mixed Chinese
3.Indians
4.Mixed descent
5.Indigenous groups
6.Westerners
7.Malay mixed (even those mixed with Chinese are considered as part of this tier in the hierarchy)
9.Malays
- Fǎn Yīsīlán Jià o: Any Muslims should be treated as lesser than their non-muslim counterparts in the hierarchy. Effectively creating a secondary societal hierarchy.
- Liánhé RénmÃn: People who are considered as Chinese, shouldn't be divided by the concept of their dialect being different from one another and instead be united by the fact that their families all came from the same homeland.
- TōngxÃngzhèng Fǎ: Malays and people who are mix Malay are required to carry passbooks that restricted their movement and determined where they could live, work, and travel.
- Mǎ Lái Yǔ Jià oyù: Inferior education for Malays and mix Malays, with a curriculum designed to limit their opportunities.
- Mǎ Lái Yǔ Yǔyán: The Malay language should be illegal and the usage of it should be punishable by death. If a Chinese person uses the Malay language they should be punished slowly and painfully to death. As Malay is an inferior language, for an inferior people[/I] |[/list]
| Despite for how the volume would make the Five Dialect Society look. It worked, the Five Dialect Society saw an increase in it's membership. With Low Khar Khooi predicting that by the end of year, Kǔnism might be able to be the majority ideology of the town. However with an increase in popularity, came some negatives. As now Belait state government officials taken notice of what's appears to be increased political activities in the town. As the town has been a top priority for the state government to keep track of, due to its history as a hot bed for leftist activities. |
______________________________________________
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Abessinienreich, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Spain-, Slipway, Mutawakkiliti, Bobertzimburg, Zingium
Post by Pizza Delivery Man suppressed by Paramountica.
*Knock knock* The pizza is here! Did anybody order a Pizza?
Bobertzimburg
Post by Xanadu Republic suppressed by Paramountica.
This region seems awesome how does the RP work
Bobertzimburg
Post by Xanadu Republic suppressed by Paramountica.
I did. *steals pizza and runs*
[list][pre]October 1966[/pre]
[sub][/sub][/list]
[list][list][list][pre] T Y V E S T Ä P U U H U N N O U S T A A N [/pre][/list][/list][/list]
[list][pre]Strategic Dilemmas and Diplomatic Delicacies: Finland's Nuanced Odyssey
Amidst the Shadows of Finlandization in the Pivotal Epoch of the Cold War"[/pre][/list]
[list][sub]As the ominous shadow of Finlandization looms over the political tableau of the late 1960s, a term coined by Western powers to articulate a foreign policy paradigm wherein a diminutive nation harmonizes its domestic and foreign affairs with the strategic interests of a larger, proximate power, tensions ascend as Finland approaches the watershed General Election of 1968. The reverberations of the Cold War resonate through the precincts of this Nordic realm, as it grapples with the intricate equilibrium of preserving its autonomy while navigating the geopolitical intricacies of the epoch. In the tapestry of the 1960s, an era defined by ideological strife and superpower animosity, Finland stands at the crossroads. The concept of Finlandization, initially conceived in Western parlance, metamorphoses into a subject of internal deliberation and external scrutiny.[/sub]
[sub]The nation's leaders confront the challenge of formulating a foreign policy that safeguards national identity while assuaging the pressures exerted by formidable neighbors. In the milieu of détente between the United States and the Soviet Union, Finland's political landscape becomes a minefield of complexities, wherein its diplomatic choreography mirrors a subtle interplay of Cold War dynamics, regional considerations, and imperatives of stability. The inquiry into whether Finlandization is a practical survival strategy or a corrosion of authentic independence engenders fervent debates in political echelons and resonates among the citizenry.[/sub]
[sub]Finland, traditionally an adherent of a neutralist stance, grapples with novel challenges. The mounting pressure to align with NATO intensifies, especially as neighboring Nordic states accede to the alliance. The Finnish government must deftly navigate its foreign policy to strike a balance between safeguarding its sovereignty and responding to the altered security landscape. Nevertheless, Finland finds itself in a more solitary position, which in turn strains diplomatic ties and collaboration within the Nordic Council, sowing discord among traditionally neutral nations.[/sub]
[sub]As the advent of the 1968 General Election draws nigh, political factions contend with delineating their positions along the spectrum of Finlandization. Some advocate for a pragmatic posture, positing that aligning with the imperatives of a larger neighbor is an indispensable compromise for security and equilibrium. Conversely, others vehemently resist the incursion of foreign influence, championing a more assertive and autonomous foreign policy.[/sub]
[sub]The global stage keenly observes Finland, for its electoral choices carry ramifications not solely for the nation itself but also for the delicate equilibrium of power in Northern Europe. The decisions articulated during this pivotal juncture will shape Finland's trajectory and echo through the corridors of international diplomacy during this consequential epoch.[/sub]
[list][list][list][spoiler=[sub]Commonwealth of Liberty[/sub]
ELÄKÄÄ SUOMI - SUOMI IKUISESTI
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
[/spoiler][/list][/list]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Nippon-Nihon, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, Abessinienreich, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Greater Kurdistane, Spain-, Slipway
[list][sub]THE ETHIOPIAN EMPIRE | መንግሥተ ኢትዮጵያ[/sub]
[list][list]1964 - 1966[/list][/list]
[list][sub]Ethiopia Stretches Her Hands unto God | ኢትዮጵያ ታበፅዕ እደዊሃ ኀበ እግዚአብሔር[/sub][/list]
𝐈𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐠𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐬, 𝐀𝐝𝐝𝐢𝐬 𝐀𝐛𝐚𝐛𝐚 - | - 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐀𝐠𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
____________________________________________________________
1963 Midterms
| The Political situation within Ethiopia has never been put to rest since the Witreti Crisis, after the 1962 elections the Vanguard Party took control of the Premiership under Gebremariam. In his first year as PM Gebremariam was able to introduce reforms such as the formation of the Imperial Supreme Court, the Imperial Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission, the Labor Relations Act, and the formation of the OAU and in his second and third years the Prime Minister notebally conducted a world tour establishing various collaboration and treaties with various nations. However these achievements were not enough for Gebremariam to achieve any form of majority within congress, there was no “Vanguard wave” like many of his supporters anticipated. Some suspect the media, which was very critical and largely spewing rhetoric against the PM as responsible for this, while others called it outright rigged. The IEACC was accused as an overextension of power by the Prime Minister according to the Imperial Union. Even though the Imperial Supreme Court ruled it constitutional, the ENU still asserts their claim, accusing the ISC as the right hand of the Prime Minister. The Democratic Nationalists largely oppose the PM’s recent leniency on Sudan and the larger non-aligned policy that Gebremariam followed, however, they do support the IEACC. Both opposing factions were against the Labor Relations Act, comparing it to socialism. |
| The Vanguard Party is led by charismatic and populist leaders, the Vanguard Party seeks to champion the cause of the common people. They promise sweeping social and economic reforms, advocating for wealth redistribution and equal opportunities for all citizens. The party gained momentum by tapping into the dissatisfaction stemming from economic inequality and corruption within the government. They position themselves as the voice of the marginalized and oppressed. The Democratic Nationalist Party are staunch advocates for a strong and disciplined military and society. They argue that a robust defense is essential for protecting the nation's sovereignty and ensuring stability. Their ideology intertwines nationalism with a belief in a democratic system, albeit with a strong emphasis on military leadership, led by Abebe Aregai, they seek to restore the EmpireÂ’s lost lands and completely destroy all enemies of Ethiopia. The Imperial Union is a faction that idealizes a complete return to a monarchical system, viewing it as a symbol of stability and tradition. They believe that a hereditary ruler can provide a unifying force for the nation and restore a sense of order that they argue has been lost in the current political turmoil. |
| After the Midterms the two minor parties, the Democratic Labor Party and Ethiopian Centrist Party largely were absorbed by the three larger parties, leading to further sectionalism, previously GebremariamÂ’s government was able to be formed thanks to the formation of a coalition between the DLP and ECP but after their rapid decline, the Vanguard was unable to achieve majority within congress despite having an increased number of seats, this has led to a minority government on the PMÂ’s hands. This new minority government now puts the Prime Minister in a peculiar position. He can no longer advance his programs or activate the IEACC as promised during his first year. Now with limited control over congressional committees and at risk of Non-confidence motions the government is now unstable. |
1964 to 1965 - Tensions Arise
| The communists, largely All-Ethiopian Socialist Movement members, has largely been a source of scapegoat material for the opposition to associate it with the left-leaning VGP. It has turned out that the Labor Relations Act has largely been a failure, with the act being not as radical as many perceived. The Confederation of Ethiopian Labor Unions, which was formed under the act is the central object to the bill’s failure. By this time the majority of the membership were white collar workers who had little in common with their blue-collar counterparts, which were the main proponents of the bill. Failure to minimum wage, embezzlement, and corruption under the confederation were further woes that were exacerbated during 1964. Many, feeling betrayed by the VGP, could have seeked to flip to the Democratic Labour Union…if it still existed, leaving the All-Ethiopian Socialist Movement as their only choice. Gebremariam sent multiple legislations to congress in order to reform the CELU, however most of it was blocked, with only one being able to come through and that was a fixed minimum wage. Supporters of the VGP blame the “reactionaries” for blocking revolutionary progress. |
| Amid the political deadlock, the frustration within Ethiopia escalated, leading to the formation of paramilitary organizations and the rise of radicalized communist factions. These groups, disenchanted with the perceived failures of the government, capitalized on the dissatisfaction among the population. The paramilitary organizations, in particular, began to assert their influence in various regions, posing a challenge to the already fragile stability. At this point each party had an unofficial paramilitary arm, and by the end of the year multiple clashes had occurred between these groups, some even resulting in deaths. Each time when the military came in to break out these clashes, they were very lenient towards the Democratic Nationalists, indirectly showing whom they support. Prime Minister Gebremariam faced a formidable challenge in securing his reelection, reflecting the deep divisions within the Empire. The electorate was sharply divided between supporters of the Vanguard Party, Democratic Nationalists, and the Imperial Union. Gebremariam advocated for an even more radical stance in hopes he would regain some of his more left-leaning electorate, and to regain momentum among his supporters, in response both opposition parties would do the same. In the end, Prime Minister Gebremariam managed to secure reelection, but the victory was by an exceedingly slim margin. |
1966 - Second Term
| In the first year of GebremariamÂ’s second term, it was simply politics, as the minority government still existed, Gebremariam was unable to advance many of his policies, furthermore the question of the National Integration Protocol and Southern Imperial Authority rose within congress. Ever since the end of Ras Megesha Seyoum tenure over the SIA the problems plaguing the deep south was never resolved. It has been called by some that Gebremariam should reinstate Megesha as Commissioner-General, as of now it is Endelkachew Makonnen, a Democratic Nationalist member appointed during the end of Habate-WoldeÂ’s premiership in order to decrease political tensions between the Imperial Union and Democratic Nationalists. Mengesha himself is a National Union member, and has been willing to retake the position. Gebremariam supported his own candidate, his apprentice, Mikael Imru, and announced that he will be placed as Commissioner-General the Imperial Union framed that Gebremariam does not care for the issue, since he his placing a largely inexperienced man as leadership. While the Democratic Union fledged with a dark-horse, the Military came in their favor, threatening not to support the National Integration Protocol and pulling out of the deep-south itself if Gebremariam does not keep Makonnen as Commissioner-General, claiming that the Prime MinisterÂ’s fault that the program has largely failed, connecting GebremariamÂ’s tenue to the extent of the protocolÂ’s stagnation. However Gebremariam claims that the causation has no correlation to his premiership, and this was the failure of the Democratic nationalists themselves. But by August Gebremariam dropped the dispute and Makonnen continued to reign as Commissioner-General. |
[list] ➠ Moving on to September, it was a lively day, the Meskel Celebrations were following through. The atmosphere was vibrant with colorful decorations, music, and crowds of people gathered at Meskel Square. A stage adorned with flowers and flags stands in the center, where Haile Selassie, the revered leader, was delivering a speech regarding national unityÂ… [/list]
╒═════════════════════════════════════════════════════
[list]
Reporter: Good evening, ladies and gentlemen! We're here at Meskel Square, where the atmosphere is electric with the spirit of Meskel celebrations. Thousands have gathered to partake in this joyous occasion, celebrating together as one united nationÂ…Its reported that the Demera will be burned around 11 PM, don't miss it!
[The camera zooms in on Haile Selassie, who appears to be in the midst of his speech. Suddenly, the sound of gunfire pierces through the celebration.]
Reporter: [Startled, gasps] Were those gunshots?! OhÂ…Oh Sh*t-
[A sudden commotion ensues as gunshots continue to ring through the square, Haile Selassie falls to the ground as security personnel rush around the perimeter and towards the gunfire.
[Suddenly a loud explosion and a series of smaller explosions strike the squareÂ…the camera shakes, and the broadcast momentarily cuts off. When it comes back, the scene is chaotic, ash seeps through the air as people rush across the reporter.]
Reporter: We apologize for the interruptionÂ…there were bulletsÂ…explosions everywhere... This is an attempted assassination on Haile Selassie, and an attack on Addis. I repeat, an attempted assassination on the EmperorÂ
[Suddenly another gunshot is heard, the reporter lunges towards the camera as blood splatters across the screen. Transmission is cut off.]
[/list]
╘═════════════════════════════════════════════════════
| 27 September, 1966; a day that shook Ethiopia. During the Meskel celebrations at Meskel Square, Addis Ababa, Communist terrorists indiscriminately attacked both civilians and security personnel (Kebur Zabagna) with the shooting and bombing of the square. With one shot that rang the Empire, Haile Selassie was shot in the chest. It is reported that 200 civilians and 50 Kebur Zabagna were killed in the attack, and hundreds more were injured. The celebration was broadcasted across the country through radio and television, with thousands gathered on the square. The scene during the aftermath of the attacks was horrid, as emergency personnel rushed to the location sirens wail across the city. As the sun set on that fateful day, the echoes of the Meskel Square attack reverberated across the nation. The events that unfolded during the celebration shook the Ethiopian people to their core. PM Gebremariam was said to have attended the ceremony and was with the Emperor en route to the Hospital. Soon after the bombing PM Gebremariam announced a state of emergency without the agreement or counseling of the Crown Council or Crown Prince. The PM would then coordinate the Imperial Armed Forces and emergency teams across the country. Such a declaration is only made by the Emperor or temporary head of state. In response, the Crown Prince made an extreme move and established a prorogation of Congress for two weeks. This would soon lead to a dispute...During the formation of the constitution, the powers designated as the head of state if the Emperor is unfit or unavailable to rule was still not fully agreed upon with a simple “the most capable highest seat in government” would take his position until the Emperor recovers. This bland and very broad mandate was set after heated disputes about whether the crown prince or prime minister should be taking up the role as head of state, but in order to get the constitution in as fast as possible, the factions agreed to deal with it later. Now this mere clause blew up on their faces. Immediately after Haile Selassie was hospitalized and put in surgery Prime Minister Gebremariam and Crown Prince Amha Selassie both officially assumed head of state, leading to an heated dispute in the Imperial Congress that eventually developed into a brawl on the Senate floor. This dispute over head of state would eventually develop into a debate over the legitimacy of the Emperor over the Prime minister, many were dismayed that this was even being discussed inside the government, instead of paying respects and praying for the Emperor’s speedy recovery. |
| The bullet that shot the Emperor went straight through him and it left bullet fragments which ment with the requirement for surgery multiple times, which meant that this dispute would arise each of those times. After the third attempt was made to claim the head of state the military stepped in, and General Haile Baykedagn also claimed the position. Within the Congress the Vanguard Party took the Prime Minister’s side, the Democratic Nationalist Party would take the side of the Military, and the Ethiopian Imperial Union would take the side of the Crown Prince. In order to mitigate the situation the during this dispute the Imperial Supreme Court held multiple sessions in order to establish the official interpretation of this clause, however it was so broad that, if they take a stance it would simply exacerbate tensions, instead of interpreting the clause the ISC would take up the responsibility of Section 2 (Resolution of Inter-Branch Conflicts) with justice Mulugeta Buli conveneing multiple court cessions to resolve the government disputes, however these went nowhere. And furthermore congresswoman Mariame Teklile Gabrieal allegedly accused one of the Justices of committing undisclosed "high crimes” and threatened impeachment by the Senate, however during the 5th of October the Emperor was officially returned to his residence, and the dispute was laid to rest. This incident would be the tipping point of the political struggle between the three largest factions of the Empire. |
[list][sub]“Political tensions are a sign of the times.”[/sub]
[list]― Unknown
[/list][/list]
____________________________________________________________
[list][spoiler=[sub]𝑺𝑼𝑩𝑳𝑰𝑴𝑬 𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑶𝑴𝑶𝑵𝑰𝑪 𝑺𝑻𝑨𝑻𝑬
𝑪𝑶𝑴𝑴𝑶𝑵𝑾𝑬𝑨𝑳𝑻𝑯 𝑶𝑭 𝑳𝑰𝑩𝑬𝑹𝑻𝒀[/sub]]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Spain-, Slipway, Mutawakkiliti, Bobertzimburg
[list][spoiler=🇵🇱🇦🇾 🇲🇪 🇫🇴🇷 🇦🇲🇧🇮🇪🇳🇨🇪⦂ 🇫🇴🇺🇷 🇹🇴🇵🇸 - 🇷🇪🇦🇨🇭 🇴🇺🇹]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1v4twH9KbnU[/spoiler][/list]
[list][pre]♚ 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐋 𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐄𝐒 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐅𝐀𝐍𝐓𝐀𝐒𝐈𝐄𝐒 ♚[/pre][sup][pre] 𝙾𝚌𝚝𝚘𝚋𝚎𝚛 𝟷𝟿𝟼𝟼 | 𝙱𝚞𝚐𝚊𝚗𝚍𝚊, 𝙺𝚊𝚖𝚙𝚊𝚕𝚊[/pre][/sup][/list]
[sup]A year has passed since the electoral victory of the BDP/UTC coalition in 1965. The general feeling at home and abroad was that Buganda was on the verge of entering a great period of democracy after the chaos of the Federal Crisis. Unfortunately, the initial optimism in early 1966 soon evaporated as the coalition faced numerous challenges in implementing their promised political reforms. These roadblocks came from significant factionalism within both the BDP and the UTC. Within the Democratic Party, an ever-growing split was developing between traditionalists and radicals. The traditionalists, who were more aligned with Buganda's traditional power structures, such as the monarchy, and the radicals, commonly known as the Rukidi (Ganda: youth) were more liberal and anti-monarchist. The Rukidi faction developed during the Federal Crisis, specifically in reaction to what they viewed as the monarchy's attempts to intervene in politics. Unlike the traditionalists, these younger Bugandans were influenced by Western ideals and African nationalist figures such Nkrumah of Ghana, which fueled their anti-monarchist stance. They believed that Buganda should embrace Africanization and progressive policies, free from the influence of traditional power structures. This divide within the Democratic Party made it difficult for the coalition to come to a consensus on key policy issues such as land reform, foreign policy, and the military.[/sup]
[sup]Additionally, the UTC itself was in an even deeper crisis from within. This stemmed from the collapse of Bunyoro during the Kibaale Emergency, which only left the Kingdom of Toro and Ankole as its members. Both kingdoms were grappling with their own internal struggles and differing priorities, further complicating the coalition's ability to find common ground on important matters. Ankole's reigning monarch, Gasiyonga II, was beginning to question the current state of affairs, even going so far as to declare before his royal court that the time for Ankole to withdraw from Buganda was nearing. Such threats destabilized the coalition and further damaged Prime Minister Benedicto Kiwanuka's public image. King Olimi III of Toro himself was questioning the coalition's existence as Prime Minister Kiwanuka failed to address Toro's claim over the districts of Bundibugyo, Kasese, and Ntoroko. The tensions between Ankole and Buganda were not limited to just political disputes. The Rwenzururu insurgency had left a lasting impact on the people of Toro, with many demanding justice for the atrocities committed. Failure to address these concerns only deepened the divide within the coalition, raising doubts about its ability to effectively govern and protect the interests of all its member states. On the other side of the political spectrum, the BRP, or Buganda Royalist Party, employed a strategic approach of sabotaging the BDP/UTC legislature and building a coalition block with independents within parliament. Another opportunity came from King Olimi of Toro conducting a secret correspondence with former Prime Minister Michael Kintu to discuss a possible withdrawal from the UTC and an alliance with the BRP in exchange for future political gains.[/sup]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Arcanda, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Nileia, Metropolitan Francais, Abessinienreich, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Slipway, Bobertzimburg
Post by Bobertzimburg suppressed by Paramountica.
yummy pizza
[pre]October, 1966
Al Khalifa Road and Gamma Avenue, Khartoum, Khartoum Province, The Republic Of Sudan[/pre]
[list]COMMONWEALTH PARTY EMBRACES DECLINE, THE END OF A COLONIAL LEGACY[/list]
Members of the Commonwealth Party had gathered at their Khartoum Headquarters, where they had chosen to convene from all across the country. This congregation, mostly made up of the Sudanese business elite, British and European settlers, merchants, and wealthy business tycoons and financiers, did not meet to dictate the Party policy amid the 1960s, or to replace a chairman to the Party, given the low confidence the Party has behind its chairman, Member of Parliament and Healthcare Minister, Ali Bedri. But this convention was rather held to usher in what many saw as inevitable, a conclusion to the dying Commonwealth Party. After years of unpopularity in the elections since 1958, coupled with the humiliation they suffered at the end of the Azheri administration, members of the Party had not only lost faith and confidence in the leadership, they lost all hope in the PartyÂ’s recovery in a more democratized and anti-colonial Sudan, especially in the urban cities that had been swept up in xenophobic and anti-western sentiment in recent years.
Despite the tragic occasion in which these delegates had met, the last convention of the Commonwealth Party was meant to be symbolic, as it was held next door to Government House, now the official residence of the Sudanese President. Government House had first served as the birthplace of the Party itself, the birthplace of a democratic movement that brought about the establishment of a Sudanese Parliament, the Declaration of Independence, which was followed by the formation of the Republic a decade later. Yet here they are, what is left of the Party, deciding what is to be of their downfall. With the PartyÂ’s 18 members in Parliament leading the action, the delegation of few political office holders across the few urban cities that still hold Commonwealth loyalty, most of which are not considered native to Sudanese land or part of the average citizenry, along with some pro-western businessmen from African and Arab origins, had finally concluded after hours of debating. That they must Embrace the fall.
Though the Party leadership had decided not to disband immediately, as to oppose a sudden shift in SudanÂ’s delicate political fabric, it has been made abundantly clear that the Commonwealth Party would simply not carry out any future campaigns, or sponsor candidates for the upcoming 1967 elections, officially withdrawing the existence of Party from a continued presence in the politics of the Republic on a national level, however remaining in some capacity within some special local elections and administration. The decision to withdraw from the 1967 elections had prompted Commonwealth Party members of Parliament to start seeking support within the ranks of the coalition Government, with most of the PartyÂ’s career politicians planning to continue their careers by running for either the Democratic Unionist or Liberal Party.
The withdrawal from the Party and its eventual disappearance from the national stage had certainly come about as some sort of farewell to the founding fathers of the nation. The last semblance of Imperial rule, and ties that had connected Sudan to her former colonial masters, the British Empire, were now being eroded before the very eyes of the upcoming Sudanese generations, a generation which was become increasingly brought up in an Arab nationalist or pan-African culture, with one central similar ideology, the end of all settler colonial presence in the Arab homeland and African continent.
[list]“…it is often the case, and it is certainly so where Sudan and Britain are concerned, that where two peoples have come to respect each other’s courage in time of war…their friendship in times of peace is so much stronger. The visit has shown me how real is the sympathy and understanding between our two countries”
— Queen Elizabeth, February 11th, 1965. The Khartoum Tea Party speech, at a public park event in Ommdurman organized by the city council.[/list]
Though the Commonwealth Party was largely credited for its role in molding the Sudanese state into its existence and stability, the era of gratitude for the Party and KhalilÂ’s legacy had ran its course. The Republic was now on a path that strays further and further away from the western styled free market democracy envisioned by its founding fathers, its colonial fathers.
[list]AL-NASRU LENA!
AL-NASRU LE SUDAN![/list]
[list][list][spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
—]
Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
The Confederate Prussian Empire
[/spoiler]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Puerto Somoza, Abessinienreich, Kewtpuff, Tallahan, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Spain-, Slipway, Bobertzimburg
Post by Fire Foxes suppressed by Paramountica.
hello fellow nations
Bobertzimburg
Post by Havistoince suppressed by Paramountica.
October 1966
beating the US and the Soviet Union to the moon
Finally, if we are to win the battle that is now going on around the world between freedom and tyranny, the dramatic achievements in space which occurred in recent weeks should have made clear to us all, as did the Sputnik in 1957, the impact of this adventure on the minds of men everywhere, who are attempting to make a determination of which road they should take. Since early in my term, our efforts in space have been under review. With the advice of the Vice President, who is Chairman of the National Space Council, we have examined where we are strong and where we are not, where we may succeed and where we may not. Now it is time to take longer strides—time for a great new American enterprise—time for this nation to take a clearly leading role in space achievement, which in many ways may hold the key to our future on earth.
I believe we possess all the resources and talents necessary. But the facts of the matter are that we have never made the national decisions or marshaled the national resources required for such leadership. We have never specified long-range goals on an urgent time schedule, or managed our resources and our time so as to ensure their fulfillment.
Recognizing the head start obtained by the Soviets and the US with their large rocket engines, which gives them many months of lead-time, and recognizing the likelihood that they will exploit this lead for some time to come in still more impressive successes, we nevertheless are required to make new efforts on our own. For while we cannot guarantee that we shall one day be first, we can guarantee that any failure to make this effort will make us last. We take an additional risk by making it in full view of the world, this very risk enhances our stature when we are successful. But this is not merely a race. Space is open to us now; and our eagerness to share its meaning is not governed by the efforts of others. We go into space because whatever mankind must undertake, free men must fully share.
I therefore ask the Congress, above and beyond the increases I have earlier requested for space activities, to provide the funds which are needed to meet the following national goals:
First, I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth. No single space project in this period will be more impressive to mankind, or more important for the long-range exploration of space; and none will be so difficult or expensive to accomplish. We propose to accelerate the development of the appropriate lunar space craft. We propose to develop alternate liquid and solid fuel boosters, much larger than any now being developed, until certain which is superior. We propose additional funds for other engine development and for unmanned explorations—explorations which are particularly important for one purpose which this nation will never overlook: the survival of the man who first makes this daring flight. But in a very real sense, it will not be one man going to the moon—if we make this judgment affirmatively, it will be an entire nation. For all of us must work to put him there.
Secondly, an additional 23 million dollars, together with 7 million dollars already available, will accelerate development of the Rover nuclear rocket. This gives promise of some day providing a means for even more exciting and ambitious exploration of space, perhaps beyond the moon, perhaps to the very end of the solar system itself.
Third, an additional 50 million dollars will make the most of our present leadership, by accelerating the use of space satellites for world-wide communications.
Fourth, an additional 75 million dollars—of which 53 million dollars is for the Weather Bureau—will help give us at the earliest possible time a satellite system for world-wide weather observation.
Let it be clear—and this is a judgment which the Members of the Congress must finally make—let it be clear that I am asking the Congress and the country to accept a firm commitment to a new course of action—a course which will last for many years and carry very heavy costs: 531 million dollars in fiscal '65—an estimated seven to nine billion dollars additional over the next five years. If we are to go only half way, or reduce our sights in the face of difficulty, in my judgment it would be better not to go at all.
Now this is a choice which this country must make, and I am confident that under the leadership of the Space Committees of the Congress, and the Appropriating Committees, that you will consider the matter carefully.
It is a most important decision that we make as a nation. But all of you have lived through the last ten years and have seen the significance of space and the adventures in space, and no one can predict with certainty what the ultimate meaning will be of mastery of space.
I believe we should go to the moon. But I think every citizen of this country as well as the Members of the Congress should consider the matter carefully in making their judgment, to which we have given attention over many weeks and months, because it is a heavy burden, and there is no sense in agreeing or desiring that the Repuplic of Havisoince take an affirmative position in outer space, unless we are prepared to do the work and bear the burdens to make it successful. If we are not, we should decide today and this year.
This decision demands a major national commitment of scientific and technical manpower, materiel and facilities, and the possibility of their diversion from other important activities where they are already thinly spread. It means a degree of dedication, organization and discipline which have not always characterized our research and development efforts. It means we cannot afford undue work stoppages, inflated costs of material or talent, wasteful interagency rivalries, or a high turnover of key personnel.
New objectives and new money cannot solve these problems. They could in fact, aggravate them further—unless every scientist, every engineer, every serviceman, every technician, contractor, and civil servant gives his personal pledge that this nation will move forward, with the full speed of freedom, in the exciting adventure of space
Tallahan, Adriatican Islands, Spain-, Bobertzimburg
★ UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC ★
[list][list][list][pre]
"Within the Arab circle there is a role wandering aimlessly in search of a hero.
For some reason it seems to me that this role is beckoning to us-to move, to
take up its lines, put on its costumes and give it life"
[/pre][/list][/list][/list]
_________________
[list][sub]FOREIGN ADVENTURES:[/sub]
[list][sub]ᴀ ʟᴏᴏᴋ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ᴛʜᴇ ᴜᴀʀ'ꜱ ꜰᴏʀᴇɪɢɴ ᴅᴇᴀʟɪɴɢꜱ[/sub][/list]
[sub][sup] 1966 - UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC[/sub][/sup]
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA - 中国
[sub][pre]Building on the existing relationship that has mostly stayed quiet, Chinese premier Zhou Enlai paid a visit to Cairo where he met with President Nasser as part of recent Chinese efforts to expand influence abroad, and for the UAR to diversify its power and establish itself as a reliable geopolitical partner in the region. The meeting mostly focused on three aspects, diplomatic, economic, and military. Though before that, the visit was marked by an impressive tour of the country that took Premier Zhou through major areas, and even a meeting with the president's family. .[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]On the diplomatic front, the United Arab Republic re-affirmed its recognition of all Chinese lands, including the island of Taiwan, as belonging to the government in Beijing. Meanwhile, China issued support for the Arab position on ending the occupation of the Gaza strip, as well as find a solution to the Palestinian problem which has been a resurgent political issue in the wake of military activity by Palestinian forces.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]On the economic front, new deals were signed by both President Nasser and Premier Zhou in which the United Arab Republic would begin the exportation of oil under slightly below market prices to help fuel the rising demand in China as a result of its industrialization under the policies of Chairman Mao. This would also be in addition to exports of Egypt's most famous export, that of cotton. In return, China has agreed to aid in the industrialization of the country through the export of raw materials for industry, and of steel. On the military side, pledges to continue on the production of rockets, and a new pledge to cooperate on the production of military equipment were also signed, but those were not revealed publicly.[/pre][/sub]
SUDAN - السودان
[sub][pre]The historic relation which bounds Egypt and Sudan is enough to fill several odysseys, a relationship bound by blood and culture. It is for this reason that both states have always been each others strongest partners. President Benjamin Lwoki travelled to Cairo where he met with President Nasser and Governor of Libya Anwar el-Sadat to discuss the strengthening of relations between the two fraternal sisterly countries.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]The three-day visit mostly went over diplomatic issues. The Egyptian side offered its enthusiastic praise for the mostly stable democratic system in Sudan, which had proven to withstand pressures across the last two elections, though there was a hint of disappointment over the Arab nationalist not winning by big margins. Though mostly rhetoric, President Lwoki managed to get the United Arab Republic officially to declare that it would protect Sudan from any external threats in case those would become apparent. While no progress were made on the issues of disputed borders, it seems that the conflict has died down to the point where it would not be revisited anytime soon, which would be a relief to both parties.[/pre][/sub]
[sub][pre]On more economic matters, Nasser facilitated negotiations for mining companies to begin operating on northern Sudan's gold mines, with a 72/28 split with the majority share going to Sudan. PetroNasr also won leasing rights for exploration off the Red Sea coast.[/pre][/sub]
KURDISTAN - کوردستان
[sub][pre]Though originally strong, the relationship between Kurdistan and the UAR has waned in recent years as Nasser's Arabist rhetoric has clashed with the Kurdish identity, nonetheless, Egypt is still the strongest Arab ally for Kurdistan, and this has been reflected as of recent by its dispatching of military advisors over to the Kurdish state. While not officially announced, it was semi-publicly alluded to perhaps in a way to provoke either Iraq or Turkey.[/pre][/sub]
PALESTINE - فلسطين
[sub][pre]On a recent meeting of the Palestinian National Congress, President Nasser gave a speech in which he continued his pledge to increase the funding and support of the Palestinian movement until its goals are achieved in the liberation of its land from colonialist hand. In an indirect way, President Nasser also supported the moderate faction led by Yasser Arafat against the current ruling hardliner faction ruled by al-Hiraak's George Habash.[/pre][/sub]
[/list]
Paramountica, Amsterwald, Victoria Harbor, Nippon-Nihon, Metropolitan Francais, Abessinienreich, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Spain-, Slipway, Mutawakkiliti
Meeting of Struggle partners
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
[list][sup]Taiz, Yemen Arab Republic
12 October 1966[/list][/sup]
[sup]Secretly, all the factions of the struggle against British colonialism in South Yemen were invited to a meeting in Taiz to coordinate between them and the Yemeni Arab Republic government. They are the Arab Nationalist Organization in South Yemen, the Popular Front for the Liberation of South Yemen, the Front, the Resistance and liberation movement in Radfan, the Al-Awamer tribe, the Nakheb tribe and thr Yemeni Free Officers Movement. The Prime Minister Judge Abdul Rahman al-Hamdani and the Minister of Security Colonel Ali al-Mahdi attended from the RepublicÂ’s government.[/sup]
[sup]During the meetings, ideological differences and disputes emerged between the factions, but the Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic, Judge Abdul Rahman al-Hamdani, was able to stop any disagreements due to his great age, wisdom, and strictness. The meetings ended with a joint action document containing:
[/sup]
[list][sup]- Establishing a joint command for the factions to lead and plan the armed struggle.
- Establishing a joint operations room to lead and coordinate field work.
- Adding a radio program through the Yemen Arab Republic Radio to introduce the issue of South Yemen and the struggle against British colonialism.
- Establishing training camps in the Yemen Arab Republic to train southern fighters in combat tactics through Yemeni and Egyptian officers, after the approval of the United Arab Republic (Al-Jammahirya Al-Arabiyya) Army.
- The Yemeni security forces and army are the ones who organize the transfer and ensure the arrival of weapons and equipment to the south.
- That the Yemen Arab Republic be a party to any diplomatic agreements with the British, as part of the struggle against British colonialism.
[/list][/sup]
[spoiler=[sub]Written for the RMB Screen of the[/sub]
COMMONWEALTH OF LIBERTY
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Socialist Democratic Republic Romania
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International Association Football Federation | Fédération internationale de football association
FIFA World Cup 1966
THIRD PLACE PLAY-OFF: ENGLAND v ARGENTINA
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You join us live from White City Stadium in London, for what is the penultimate match of this World Cup, and what a match it's turning out to be, with fans pouring into the stadium tonight. Our two semi-final losers face off for third place at this World Cup, it's our hosts England, against Argentina. Both teams enjoyed very strong runs throughout the tournament and it's been difficult for us to think who might have the advantage tonight, England have had a stronger run of form than Argentina and have the home crowd to back them up, but Argentina have overcome some serious opponents to get here tonight and it will be a tough one to call.
England fell to West Germany in extra-time in their semi-finals, in a major upset to the host nation who until the second half looked prime to make it through to their first ever World Cup Final, but they couldn't play the long game and it was the Germans who emerged victorious. Argentina battled Spain and the Soviet Union to make it into the semi-finals, but were picked apart by Italy who booked their spot in the final after an incredible 5-0 victory over Hungary. Both sides will want to make the most of this match and will hope to at least leave the World Cup with a bronze medal to cap off what has been an incredible tournament so far.
With the players now streaming onto the pitch for the anthems, lets take a look at the squads tonight.
England
Gordon Banks in goal tonight for England. Defenders will be George Cohen, Ray Wilson, Jack Charlton and captain Bobby Moore. Midfielders will be Nobby Styles, Alan Ball, Bobby Charlton and Martin Peters. Forwards tonight will be Jimmy Greaves and Geoff Hurst.
Argentina
Antonio Roma will start in goal tonight. Ahead of him in defence will be Roberto Perfumo, Silivo Marzolini, Roberto Ferreiro and Nelson Lopez. In the midfield we have Jose Varacka, Oscar Calics, Carmelo Simeone and captain Antonio Rattin. Forwards tonight are Anibal Tarabini and Luis Artime.
Kick-off to go Englands way, and the noise is picking up in the stadium as we await the whistle to get the match started.
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FIRST HALF
The whistle blows, and we are underway, England are keeping good possession in the midfield as they try to find space, but Argentina are trying to close them down. A long ball finds Styles but itÂ’s cleared as soon as it comes and back into the midfield. Argentina are trying now to move the ball up the pitch but itÂ’s caught by Charlton, who makes a good run towards goal. HeÂ’s moving unmarked through the Argentina half and into the box, in a good position to shootÂ… SAVED!! Roma gets his hands to it and itÂ’s back into Argentine possession, a poor shot but still showing England mean business in these early stages.
The ball comes back into the midfield but England are straight back on the offensive, Styles making a good run towards the box again and finds Hurst, whoÂ’s got a chance here but passes it back to Charlton for the volleyÂ… SAVED!! ItÂ’s blocked by Roma and out for the corner kick. England are really looking for that early goal in this match. The corner comes inÂ… deflected away and back out into the midfield but picked up by Charlton, who gets within range and strikesÂ… SAVED!! Straight into the keeper and that was a fantastic save. Roma disposes of the ball down the pitch but thatÂ’s looking dangerous from England this early in the game.
Argentina are trying desperately to hold possession of the ball in the midfield now and itÂ’s looking tight as they try to find a way through, not co-ordinating well enough with their forwards to find a way through and being stopped by EnglandÂ’s defence each time. England are playing well on the ball and keep trying to move the ball forward as they look for the opening goal. Argentina are still without a shot on goal 15 minutes in and itÂ’s looking like England could dominate the early stages of this match. The ball rolls around the midfield, changing hands and making life difficult for both sides. The ball comes out to Varacka, who beats his marker and has a clear run towards goal. HeÂ’s sprinting towards the box where Gordon Banks is waiting for him, and he has a goÂ… SAVED!! Just knocked over the bar, and that was a powerful shot from the player there. ItÂ’s out for an Argentina corner. The ball comes to Simeone, who steadies himself for the shotÂ… MISSED!! Just wide of the goal but thatÂ’s a promising start for their attackers in this game.
England regain possession in the midfield after a short goal kick and are looking to go on the attack again. WeÂ’re seeing some good play from the central-midfielders here as they try to make their way towards goal but the Argentine defence is standing firm and weÂ’re seeing a lot more resistance from both sides now. The ball knocks around in the midfield before Argentina get the breakthrough to Varacka, who plays in back to Marzolini and then forward to Simeone, whoÂ’s taking a run towards goal with support here. He looks like heÂ’s steadying himself for the shot now as he strikesÂ… SAVED!! ItÂ’s out for a corner kick and Gordon Banks did well to stop that ball! The corner comes in and itÂ’s Rattin whoÂ’s trying to find some space to shootÂ… but heÂ’s dispossessed and the ball flies out into the midfield again.
England are on the offensive now and they want to get the counter-attack going. ItÂ’s down to Bobby Charlton who takes a run with it down the line to get to the box, heÂ’s got a chance to cross and finds Bobby MooreÂ… deflected, and itÂ’s out for a corner. The corner is played short but they canÂ’t get it past Lopez who takes the ball out for a throw-in. England are looking dangerous now as they get the ball back into space, and itÂ’s Charlton whoÂ’s taking a run into the box, and heÂ’s brought down by FerreiroÂ… PENALTY!! The referee has called a penalty and Ferreiro gets a yellow card for that tackle!! HereÂ’s a chance now for England to take the lead!! Hurst steps up to take the penalty kick, can this be the opening goal. Hurst takes his run and shootsÂ… SAVED!! Chance wasted!! Argentina are saved from going down as Roma guesses the right way to deny the shot!!
The ball is sent back out into the midfield but England are applying the pressure now. They jostle the ball back into the hands of Martin Peters, whoÂ’s taking another run into the box and heÂ’s beating out his markers. HeÂ’s missed from this distance already this match, will he miss againÂ… GOAL!!! England take the lead in the 37th minute!! What a fantastic strike as the ball ricochets from the roof of the net back down to the ground, Roma couldnÂ’t reach it!! England have taken the lead here and Argentina are looking in trouble now as they run back for the reset.
Argentina trying to go on the counter-attack as soon as the whistle blows, they get it down to Rattin who takes a run and tries from distanceÂ… SAVED!! Not enough on that shot as itÂ’s disposed of again into the midfield. Argentina retake the possession and are trying to play it around the centre, and they find Artime, whoÂ’s taking his chances with a good run and in space here. He tries from the distance andÂ… SAVED!!
In the arms of Gordon Banks and the whistle blows! England lead into the half-time and Argentina will need to pick up their pace if they want to stay in this match! Scoreline as it stands: England 1-0 Argentina.
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HALF-TIME
Well a strong start for England and theyÂ’ve been on top of Argentina. Some good shots and chances from both sides but Argentina seem to be trying too much from the distance and not getting close enough to the goal to score, whereas England are playing far more close and personal to the keeper, letÂ’s do a quick review of the statistics so far.
England are leading in possession thanks to dominant midfield play but not by much, Argentina picking their game up as we headed into the later stages of the half. England lead of shots but only marginally, both sides lining up equally in shot accuracy, and EnglandÂ’s defensive game is clearly superior, Argentina committing the only foul of the game so far for that missed penalty.
Overall, statistics are showing itÂ’s still too close to call and it could easily go either way, I think we should expect to see more from both sides in the second half but the scales are currently tipped in EnglandÂ’s favour. Argentina will need to resolve their attacking issues to get level again and try to take the advantage here, but weÂ’ll have to see what the results will be heading into the second half.
LetÂ’s rejoin our commentary team for the second-half.
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SECOND HALF
The second half begins and already England are on the offensive, delivering the ball forward after a failed Argentine attempt to Geoff Hurst, whoÂ’s got a wealth of space and time to try and get into position. He finds his chance and strikesÂ… SAVED! Tipped out by the keeper and out for a corner!! A chance here, Luis Artime coming off for Rojas in another change of tactics from the Argentine manager. The corner comes inÂ… SAVED!! Caught by Roma who does well to dispose of it quickly into the midfield. Simeone picks up the ball and takes a run, looking for options. He finds Tarabini and gets the ball forward, and now Tarabini has the chance here. HeÂ’s getting closer into the box and tries a shotÂ… SAVED!! Banks deflects it out and they could have another chance hereÂ… but Wilson is there and the ball is sent forwards again, that was a golden opportunity for Argentina!
England get forward after the strike and look to try again, getting it forward to Charlton who runs down the centre with Hurst on his right, he could try his luck again andÂ… SAVED!! Out for a corner, and England are rushing to get it set up!! The corner flies in andÂ… SAVED!! Roma catches that with ease and gets it out again to Simeone, and onto Rattin who looks to try and get the ball forward. He takes a run and heÂ’s in space for the cross. He takes the cross andÂ… deflected, but not out of danger as they scramble for the ball and Argentina regain possession, Simeone with the shotÂ… SAVED!! Deflected away and they try to get it back again, but England have secured possession and itÂ’s back into the midfield with that one.
We have a change here at an Argentina free-kick, itÂ’s Alan Ball for Ron Flowers, and theyÂ’re getting ready for the ball to resume play, with Argentina looking like theyÂ’re gaining ground. The ball comes forward to Marzolini, who plays the long ball to Tarabini who takes his run, heÂ’s looking for options to cross and fires one across the boxÂ… caught by Jack Charlton and not good enough as England go back on the counter-attack. Argentina struggling to get the ball back as the England players make it to the boxÂ… deflected out, and itÂ’s another England corner here. The defenders doing well to stop the attack but not enough to retain possession, and Argentina still in danger here. England making another change, Gerry Byrne on for Bobby Moore. The ball thunders in and finds the head of Jack CharltonÂ… GOAL!!! England make it 2, and White City Stadium is shaking from the roar of the fans!! What a fantastic header and that gives England a very comfortable lead now!!
Ten minutes remain in this match and England are trying to push for another!! Argentina are trying to make some forward plays here but they canÂ’t seem to connect it at all, and are struggling to find a way through here. ItÂ’s becoming tense for those players out there as they keep looking for the goal to bring them back into this game. England suffer an offside call and the ball is played into Simeone, whoÂ’s looking up ahead to Tarabini who makes another run, but gets it to Rattin, whoÂ’s in superb space and has a chance to shootÂ… SAVED!! Banks stops it and itÂ’s not enough at this stage!! Argentina will need to sort their shots out if they want to get a goal!! The ball is back in play but Argentina canÂ’t find a way through, they canÂ’t do enough as England go back on the attack and the clock is running down. England take a run down the wing, and the ball flies in to meet HurstÂ… SAVED!! Roma gets his hands to it and rushes to get the ball outÂ
The whistle blows! ItÂ’s all over!! England win against Argentina to claim the third-place medals at the 1966 FIFA World Cup!! Not the award they were hoping for but the fans are happy either way as they leave with silverware and their best ever finish at the World Cup. What a tournament itÂ’s been for both these teams, Argentina struggling from the Quarter-Finals onwards but England looked firmly in control until the match with West Germany. These teams are in superb positions to move forward and each team should be in high spirits for the future.
ThatÂ’s our penultimate game of the tournament, join us later on this evening for the big one. The ultimate battle for the ultimate prize. West Germany will face Italy in the World Cup Final, and weÂ’ll have all of the coverage here tonight!!
Paramountica, Rutannia, Arcanda, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Nippon-Nihon, Abessinienreich, Kewtpuff, Adriatican Islands, Maziya, Spain-, Vietnam Sv, Greater Adriatican State, Slipway, Bobertzimburg, Zingium
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Written by Refuge Isle.