Post Archive
Region: The Roleplay Chessboard
Lmao cya bichs
Spainard, Czabalkia, Kiger, Teymour
https://www.nationstates.net/nation=czabalkia/detail=factbook/id=main
Xaverium
Literally behold ye mighty and despair
Xaverium
September 1962
Post Revolution Life 1962-1967
|Following the destruction and annexation of the Empire, the West African Federation immediately began creating Demalianization panels. Immediately high ranking members of government and military were arrested and interned. The new Committee Against Counter-Revolutionary Ideals became the new overseers of punishing and rooting out Malian government members. The Committee for Communalization and Syndicalization began expropriation of large estates, and landowners, freeing their slaves and giving them land to work on in new communes and coops. The Demalianization panels consisted of one member of the Traditionalist Party, One member from the Union for Republic and Democracy, One member from the Tuareg Autonomous People's Party, and Three members from the Pan-West African Party. These Demalianization Panels oversaw the arrest and imprisonment of members of the United Front Property, and Fascists in general. It's secondary objective was removing anti-syndicalist sentiment in West African Society. Overall these panels would exist from 1962 until 1965 when the overall process was considered complete and the major Malian officials had been captured, tried, and imprisoned.|
| With the seizure of Malian assets the government began repealing many Malian laws, including the reintroduction of slavery, the nationalization of all industries, and resources, and the crackdown on all reactionary elements. For slavery, the government pushed for an unequivocal ban of the practice, introducing hard labor for prisoners, especially those who had been capitalists, oppressors or Malian officials and slaveowners. These prisoners would face a re-education through work program, working on the green wall especially. The repealing of nationalization laws happened selectively, in accordance with treaties signed between the WAF, and Powder Gangers, the railway system would be syndicalized with different Powder Ganger chapters controlling and making laws for the different railways they worked on. Industries like consumer goods factories and even military factories which had recently begun making the necessary AK 56 which would become the temporary stop gap of the Federal Army, were Syndicalized under local union control. Natural resources like coal, iron, uranium, petroleum, and phosphorus did; however, remain in government controlled cooperatives. While this caused tension between members of more radical Anarcho-Syndicalists and moderate Federalist Syndicalists it was argued that state control must remain in important industries to ensure the continued production and function of natural resources to the new industries of the nation, and abroad.|
| Militarily a mass demobilization order was passed with members of the Red militias being allowed to return to their homes, and the regular military size being decreased from 200,000 to about half that number with even further decreases expected. The surrender of the Malian army also allowed the Federal military to acquire numerous guns, tanks, and airplanes that had initially been unattainable by the Federal government due to its isolation.|
|The average civilian experienced massive changes. With the fall of the fascist regime mass burnings of books, flags, and uniforms of the old regime took place. Economically, the syndicalization and communalization of businesses once ownd by the state was a massive undertaking with worker and farmer education, and training taking at least 5 years of an overhaul. Market Socialism was implemented with socialist free markets allowed fair cooperation to allow consumer goods. Educationally the history of the nation was overhauled and Syndicalism, and syndicalist economics, and Socialist theory were added to the curriculum.|
Xaverium, Otsla, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Autumnberg, Teymour, Gaia Major, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1519487
Otsla, Czabalkia, Kiger, Teymour, -Ethiopian Empire
ZHOU ENLAI: Mr President, welcome back to China. Now, as you're no doubt aware, there are several matters that I on the behalf of the government of the People's Republic of China's government have been asked to discuss with you - many of which revolve around our mutual economic relationship.
China is already, of course, your largest trading partner with sizeable sums being diverted to purchase crude oil among other resources from your country. However, as a member of the SCO, we believe that Indonesia would benefit greatly from increased interlinkage with the Chinese economy: that is to say, the provision of Chinese economic planners to orchestrate your economy in cooperation with your own officials, and the establishment of a Sino-Indonesian board of international commerce to regulate Indonesia's trade with China and the rest of the world.
On the matter of defence, it has come to our attention that you seek to cement Indonesia's claim to naval dominance in Southeast Asia. China is pleased to hear this and we are more than happy to assist you in achieving this; provided that you can agree to maintaining the Indonesian Navy no larger than 50% of the gross tonnage of the PLAN. Additionally, given internal strife in Indonesia, we would like to recommend the incorporation of some PLA troops out of the contingent stationed in your country at present into the Presidential Guard, if for no other reason than to ensure your safety. We would also like to negotiate the sale of some larger naval vessels under a leasing scheme, including the provision of Sverdlov-class cruisers and potentially the construction for Indonesia of one Zhongguo-class aircraft carrier, along the lines of that scheduled to be commissioned into the PLAN shortly.
Xaverium, Otsla, Miwok-, Teymour, Indonesian Democracy, -Ethiopian Empire
East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Gaia Major
I am not elstala
[list][list]PRESIDENT CHARLES DE GAULLE REQUESTS MEETING WITH PRESIDENT NIXON!
[pre]13 October 1962 - Élysée Palace, VIIIe Arrondissement, Paris, French Republic[/pre][/list][/list]
| For roughly three months, the French government has been in negotiations with the Soviet Union, East Germany, the Federal Republic of Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States regarding an official, mutual declaration of the allied powers on the fate of Austria which has been, much like Germany to the north, divided between East and West since the end of World War II. The continued occupation of Austria has been, unlike the residual, lingering 'occupation' of the Federal Republic of Germany, a complete economic sinkhole, drying up various resources and money preserving the French garrisons in Austria and maintaining the defense of the western half of a divided Vienna. Additionally, the highly contested border between not only the east and west of the country, but the east and west of the capital city has proved a continual source of military tension between the Warsaw Pact and NATO forces in-country. Memories of the Vienna Airlift and other smaller skirmishes between the divisions are fresh in the minds of many French soldiers, civilians, and politicians, as well as most every Austrian. |
| To put a formal end to the Austrian issue, the French Republic has drafted and proposed the Treaty on the Independence, Unification, and Neutrality of the Austrian State as the Republic of Austria, or the Austrian State Treaty which would, if ratified by the Four Allied Powers, East Germany, West Germany, and West Austria, unify the two halves of Austria, pull Eastern and Western troops out of Austria permanently, and establish Austria as a free, democratic state without bias or interest in the Cold War, sworn constitutionally to permanent neutrality. Additional provisions, such as economic neutrality, diplomatic inclusivity, and fair trade have been written into the Austrian State Treaty and proposed, with promise from the Soviet Union and the French Republic, to the parties involved. There has been hesitancy, however, namely from East Germany and the United States. |
| President de Gaulle, who has already made steps towards minimizing open conflict in Europe in other agreements with the Soviet Union, has invited U.S. President Richard M. Nixon to the Hôtel de Marigny with haste for a meeting regarding the Austrian State Treaty. In the eyes of the de Gaulle government, getting French money and troops out of Austria, and closing an additional front of the Cold War is of the utmost importance, and so President de Gaulle hopes to assuage U.S. fears regarding détente with the Soviets in Europe as to get this treaty signed. de Gaulle, Foreign Minister Maurice Couve de Murville and other French leaders await the arrival of President Nixon in Paris within the next few days. |
------
[list][list][pre]Privately, 14 October, 1962 - Élysée Palace, VIIIe Arrondissement, Paris, French Republic[/pre][/list][/list]
| President de Gaulle, Minister de Murville, Rhineland High Commissioner Kalergi, P.M. Michel Debré, and Gen. Frédéric Garreau of the French 2nd Army all sit upon elegant chairs within an office of the Élysée. Summoned by President de Gaulle to discuss the U.S.'s hesitancy to come to an agreement, the various officers and ministers sit to have a chat. |
[list]CHARLES DE GAULLE, French President: 'Gentlemen, Mr. Nixon has really got us.'[/list]
[list]MAURICE COUVE DE MURVILLE, French Foreign Minister: 'Their hesitancy to this treaty will be their undoing. Nixon seems too aggressive in his foreign policy, I know it. I'm telling you, Mr. President, it will take a miracle to get him to budge and sign.'[/list]
| de Gaulle takes a sip of wine from a chalice on his table. He scratches his forehead. |
[list]CHARLES DE GAULLE, French President: 'Nixon lacks that sense of forethought - of long-term planning. He sees the enemy and he goes for it, running right into their trap. I have no doubt if he was in charge of the Allied Forces in 1944, he would've sailed right into Calais, to be massacred, because that is where their main force was. Nixon is not a General, like I, nor a statesman, like we, but merely a politician and an ideologue.'
MAURICE COUVE DE MURVILLE, French Foreign Minister: 'Well then, Mr. President, how do you intend to force a demagogue to break from his own demagoguery? Nixon is committed to combatting communism, even if he brings down Europe with him.'[/list]
| Frédéric Garreau, the General in charge of the French IIe Army, takes off his cap, holding it underneath his heart as he stands and shouts. |
[list]FRÉDÉRIC GARREAU, Com. French IIe Army: 'Mr. President, if I may interject - all the other parties are on board with it, as you've said. If the Soviets are more willing to commit to peace than the Americans, maybe that says something about our priorities, and about the Americans' . . . let us not forget when that stooge Roosevelt sought to turn us into occupied territory! This is an affront to France, to the efforts we've undertaken to preserve Austrian democracy, and must be met with resolute staunchness. I say that we seriously consider courses of action to pursue if the Americans are not willing to oversee negotiations with the Eastern Bloc.'[/list]
| The General sits, placing his military cap back upon his head, and takes a single deep, fuming breath in and out of his nose. |
[list]CHARLES DE GAULLE, French President: 'You speak brashly, General, but you've stated what is on my mind quite promptly. Gentlemen, for some time now - and Prime Minister Debré can attest to the fact - I have become seriously disappointed with the economic and socio-political shackles that we, the French government, have seemingly placed upon ourselves to satisfy the American demands.'[/list]
| The room, already silent, falls deathly quiet as though locked within a long forgotten tomb. Only the rustling of the air through a slimly opened window provides sound as the men give their undevoted attention to President de Gaulle. |
[list]CHARLES DE GAULLE, French President: 'We allow them to dictate the value of our currency by maintaining their Exorbitant Privilege; we shackles ourselves to their defense, their military structures, even though when it comes their time to defend France, they fall short, either ignoring us or smacking us in the face. Who among you could forget that, in our hour of need, in Indochina, the Americans turned on us, arming the Viet Minh? Who among you could forget their betrayal in Algeria, leaving us to defeat the communists there ourselves? Gentlemen of France - the Americans require our servitude at all times and, in response, we get neglected, abused, and utilized as little more than a doormat or a stepping stone to accomplish their policy aims wherever we have interests.'[/list]
| He stands. |
[list]CHARLES DE GAULLE, French President: 'Perhaps, if they do not wish to avoid the complete destruction of Europe, we should begin to unshackle ourselves from this bondage, our servitude from the United States. I will see to it that we make a concerted, face-to-face effort with Mr. Nixon to convince him to sign this Treaty. If he refuses to yield to common sense and regional preservation in Europe, I see no reason to burn any bridges - that being said, the signing of the Austria State Treaty is imperative in order to put an end to the Cold War in Europe. If Nixon doesn't budge, then France will be forced to budge in other sectors.'[/list]
Otsla, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Miwok-, Teymour, Gaia Major, -Ethiopian Empire
The Swedish government's response to the developments in Portugal and Angola
The Swedish government expresses its concern about the political situation in Portugal which has seen the dethronement of King Afonso VII and the reinstatement of Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar's rule over the country. The Swedish government states that it will follow the developments of the following weeks very closely and urges the Portuguese government to re-establish free and fair elections under international purview.
The Swedish government additionally issues a stern condemnation against the Republic of Kongo for its unprovoked invasion of Angola in the midst of the political upheaval experienced in Portugal. Dubbed "Operation Sabla" by the Kongolese, the invasion and subsequent formation of the so-called 'Transitional Governing Authority of the State of Angola' is both illegal and illegitimate. The Swedish government recognises the Republic of Kongo's actions as an attempt to prevent the de-colonisation of Angola and native-rule.
In response to the actions of the Republic of Kongo, the Swedish government has submitted a resolution to the United Nations General Assembly which if passed would condemn the actions of the Republic of Kongo and call for its immediate withdrawal from Angola.
Xaverium, Czabalkia, Miwok-, Teymour, Gaia Major, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire
MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE KONGO
[sub]Statement on Swedish Condemnation.[/sub]
| The Republic of Kongo would urge that Sweden to focus on its domestic affairs; such as the treatment of Sami peoples. The affairs of the Kongo and Angola are domestic affairs not to be deliberated on by the UN, or other bodies intended for the preservation of international security. |
Czabalkia, Kiger, Miwok-, -Ethiopian Empire
Post self-deleted by Miwok-.
Post self-deleted by The Spanish Imperii.
[list][list]DE GAULLE ORDERS GOLD RESERVES EXCHANGED!
[pre]21 December 1962 - Élysée Palace, VIIIe Arrondissement, Paris, French Republic[/pre][/list][/list]
| de Gaulle stands before a podium in the press wing of the Élysée. He is dressed spiffily, and is well-kept. |
[list]CHARLES DE GAULLE, French President: 'Citizens of France,'[/list]
| He pauses. |
[list]CHARLES DE GAULLE, French President: 'Since taking the office of President, ten years ago, I have toiled and labored to maintain France's position as the great nation. In affairs of military, diplomacy, internal development, and all the rest, I have sought to protect, preserve, and expand our honor, our greatness, our prestige, and our self-sufficiency. The autonomy and liberty of the French Republic, and the French Union, has seen no shortage of attacks, all of which I have aimed to repel. We as an independent Union have retained
However, despite our efforts, certain forces have been established by foreign interests and nations which have imposed upon us measures of control designed to limit our autonomy, particularly our economic autonomy. Taking advantage of the global crisis of 1939-1945, foreign interests have established a system which has created, for the United States, an exorbitant privilege, one in which the the American dollar is inherently, and unfairly, more competitive than our own French Franc due to its status as the international reserve currency. The United States must never fear a balance of payments crisis, as it is the standard currency. France, and all other nations not using the U.S. Dollar, are at an inherent economic disadvantage to the United States.
President Nixon, who I respect as a statesman, and his decision to negotiate, whatsoever, with Russia and the Warsaw Pact regarding an amicable resolution to the continued and unresolved division of the Republic of Austria has diminished the confidence of my government and I in the United States to serve as the global economic megalith. President Nixon, in his ideological crusade against communism, has shown a certain willingness to allow the people of France and Europe to suffer for the economic and political advantage of the American military-industrial complex. Therefore, after months of discussion, my government and I have decided to take action to mitigate any potential damage to the French economy that the United States' brashness in foreign policy might cause, and to restore economic integrity and economy to the French Union.
I have asked the French Senate to authorize the deployment of the French Atlantic Fleet to the United States in order to exchange our U.S. Dollar reserves for an equivalent value of gold. With the blessings of the Senate, all U.S. Dollar reserves across the various member territories of the French Union will be exchanged for gold which shall be brought back to Paris by the Atlantic Fleet. In this way, we will ensure our own economic autonomy, and stop subsidizing the living standards of foreigners in a foreign country unjustly and without proper recompense.
At a future time, when the United States has proven its commitment to international stability, there may come a day when this measure can be reversed, and our gold exchanged for U.S. Dollars once more. However, this is not my decision to make, and instead relies solely on the decisions of the policymakers in Washington. For now, Frenchmen, Frenchwomen; have faith, have comfort, and have joy: France will not be forced into servitude of any kind.'[/list]
Teujira, Otsla, Grand Indochina, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Autumnberg, Teymour, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire
July-November 1962
The South African
The Official Newspaper of the South African Government.
Victoria Bay University and Oakley University, Opening of Technical Universities, Powerful Cold Fronts Strike South Africa
OAKLEY, EASTERN CAPE AND VICTORIA, NORTHERN NAMIBIA- The South African Parliament approved two new Universities in the years of 1956 and 1958. These Universities would relieve pressure on the University of South Africa. In 1960 and 1961 the Universities would be opened to the first students. Victoria Bay University is the country's premier University hosting several graduate schools. While Oakley University is considered a generic option for students. Oakley University is located in the mountains of the Eastern Cape. As the result the campus has four distinct seasons. While Victoria Bay University is located in the Pelican Point neighborhood of Victoria Bay along the coast of the Namib desert.
RANDBURG, CENTRAL NAMIBIA- The South African Government has opened its first technical universities. These universities will focus on trades, agriculture, and mining. The locations of the technical universities are in Randburg, Victoria Bay, Jacaranda Shores, Kimberley, Cape Town, George, Port Elizabeth, and East London. Over 3,000 students have successfully enrolled nationwide.
CAPE TOWN- Throughout the country cold temperatures have slammed the country. Throughout July, August and September temperatures remained below average. Temperatures in Cape Town dipped to 50 degrees Fahrenheit. In Randburg the temperature at it's coldest was 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Port Elizabeth at its coldest saw temperatures reach 56 degrees Fahrenheit. Areas in the mountains were much colder.
Heavy rains, wind and snow slammed the country. Cape Town is set to see its wettest year on record. Cape Town already as of November recorded 27 inches of precipitation. In Oakley, Eastern Cape the town received 13 inches of snow during the winter. Several times throughout the winter snow shut down Oakley University. Heavy snow also shut down mountain passes multiple times this year.
Otsla, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
The Price of the Rose Palace is R5.04 million or $360,000 USD.
Czabalkia, Malian Imperial Federation
[list][sup]WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 10 1962[/sup]
RUSSIAN PROTESTS ESCALATE. [/list]
___
[sup]RUSSIAN SFSR, USSR[/sup]
___
| To say that Russians were not happy is an understatement. They were protesting the "cutting up of their homeland into pieces". They had been told most of their lives by Stalin that Russia was to be the great beating heart of the USSR, the central core that keeps it all together. Many were not alive for Korenizatsiya, or do not remember due to how long ago it was. Suddenly Russia was this Chauvinistic entity 'oppressing' the minorities of the USSR with its presence? It didn't make sense to them. They were betraying Stalin's vision for little possible gain! Of course that is just what the protestors think, not fact. It was a fact that Russification was a policy that had little gains and betrayed the whole purpose of the Soviet Union. It was meant to be a Union of equal nations, how can they be equal if one is clearly positioning itself as the overlord of the others? It wouldn't do but not everyone could see the bigger picture. Especially not the Politicians of the Russian SFSR. They saw it was a betrayal of Communism, a betrayal of Stalin's memory and an attack on their "home" and would protest the existence of the new SSRs for a long time. With how long the protests have been going on for it has allowed the Russian politicians to appear as leaders of the protests, as opposed to before when it was mostly disorganized. It wasn't clear which politicians were at the protests but non-russians would remember when their brothers betrayed them for petty bourgeoisie nationalism. Sadly, it was about to get much, much worse. In Leningrad protests that have gone on for more than a year were about to escalate even further, along with all the rest.|
[list]| There were crowds of thousands. In later years they would be denounced as "american funded russian fascists", but it isn't clear how many were actual russian nationalists and how many were just pro-RSFSR The crowd was screaming and chanting, but they were not being violent. No one was throwing rocks, they were pushing against the Soviet soldiers standing in front of the protestors though. It isn't clear who fired the first shot but something would terrify the armed soviet soldiers standing in front of the protestors. They would fire wildly at the crowd and in the end hundreds would die in an event that would be known as "Bleeding Wednesday." People in later decades would accuse the KGB of ordering the Police to fire on the protestors but it will never be clear who fired first. |[/list]
| News of Bleeding Wednesday would spread across the entirety of the USSR faster than the government was capable of suppressing it. The previously peaceful protests and workers strikes across much of the RSFSR would immediately begin to escalate into violent furious rioting. The previously small scale labor strikes would multiply in size exponentially. Many many major cities in the RSFSR would have some form of riots or protests going on. An order by the Central Committee would be sent out to violently put down all protests and riots of any form in the USSR, mass arrests, show trials, coverups would occur. Anything to hide what actually happened. Remnants of the Russian Nationalist group known as National Patriotic Front Memory would claim to be responsible for sparking the protests, that their former leader Valery Yemelyanov was murdered by the Police and his death was what made the crowd attack the police. However official accounts of Bleeding Wednesday contradicts this completely. Official reports show that Valery Yemelyanov was indeed killed during the massacre, but was trampled to death by protestors in the commotion, not by the police. In fact he was not even close to the front of the protestors. |
| "Proletarii vsekh stran, soyedinyaytes'!" |
___
Otsla, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire
[list]Alexandre Levi Romanov: 'Well, cousin, you and the rest of the Kongo can rest assured that the French flag still flies high over Algiers - and Djibouti, too, for that matter. I don't think President de Gaulle plans on going anywhere now that we've beat the FLN.'[/list]
| As they exit the car, Alexandre takes in the hot tropic air and inspects the guards and their weapons. He'd never been out shooting such big targets before, only ever little game in France. This would be a first for him. He was curious what, if anything, he'd shoot - and what he'd be shooting it with. |
Otsla, Grand Indochina
[pre]Year of the Metal Rat
1962 | December[/pre]
山是红色的
The Hills are Red
An Account of Events in the Himalayas and the Socialist Coups of 1962
N E P A L
The history of Nepal is linked closely with that of its large neighbour to its south: India, which has historically exerted overwhelming amounts of soft power influence on the small but strategically positioned Himalayan kingdom.
Therefore, it is no surprise that Nepals history in the 19th and early 20th Centuries was heavily influenced by the British, whose Raj or colonial administration of the Indian Subcontinent had practical suzerainty over the kingdom. This meant that Nepal, a small, landlocked nation, had little influence in global affairs beyond being a reliably assenting perhaps even sycophantic backer of British interests.
The Rana monarchy that ruled Nepal in the 20th Century contributed strongly to this, managing to preserve nominal Nepali independence and sovereignty through its shunning of all external influences, maintaining a policy of strict indigenous autarky and isolation that helped the country not be absorbed despite Chinese claims from 1890-1931; thanks in no small part to the backing of the monarchy by the British.
Naturally, this changed very drastically in the late 40s and 50s: the British withdrawal from India meant that not only was Nepal left without the great power backing of the United Kingdom, it was now subject to the depredations of the massive, militarily ascendant Peoples Republic of China to the north, and the rapacious, expansionist Republic of India to the south. Nepals isolation in the early half of the Century meant that it had been left far behind in the tide of progress, almost as if the Industrial Revolution had passed it by. So the nation, primarily agrarian and almost feudal in its system of absolute monarchy, was in no position to resist the advances of these powers.
The Rana monarchy thus made the pragmatic and rational decision to side with the Republic of India and court it as a guarantor of Nepali independence, against what he perceived as the fiercely expansionist and unreasonable Red Chinese. Nepals independence or rather the continued existence of the Rana monarchy, was thus guaranteed by the Republic of India from the period 1949-51, where India began the provision of large amounts of industrial development assistance as well as agricultural equipment to the Nepali government. Nepal began to see the fruits of the great leaps in technology that the rest of the world enjoyed during this brief period, although this great (comparative) influx of wealth did end up benefiting some decidedly more than others.
It was during these years that the already rampant corruption and graft exercised by the royal family and in particular the king, Tribhuvan Shah, became a problem that actively affected the lives of average Nepalis. Already known for his lifestyle of excess, the economic growth seen in Nepal during these years saw much of what should have been increased wages and better living standards siphoned off by the monarch into ever more exorbitant assets, including Rolls-Royces, new palaces, and month-long sojourns to his massive Monaco mansion.
These displays of flamboyant wealth in the face of still-startling levels of poverty about 10% of Nepalis in these years were entirely reliant on international food aid, being unable to eke a living using their primitive methods out of the thin mountain soil led to growing and frequently open dissension and distaste for the monarchy, which grew ever less relevant in the period 1950-51.
This culminated in the 1950 rightist coup, by the Shree Mahendra Dal, a proto-fascist far-right organisation whose membership was largely drawn from the ranks of the rarefied Nepalese upper classes businessmen, aristocrats, and the wealthy college-educated industrialists who had got rich off Nepals new prosperity.
The SMD government, which lasted from 1950-62, represented a period of great political turmoil in Nepal. The institution of canton-based administration in the country led to a largely federal state, with devolved powers in the centre, and the growing irrelevance of Kathmandu as a political centre. Although intended as a means to keep administrative costs low, this ended up spelling the ultimate death knell for the SMD government, which while objectively much more effective than the monarchy and certainly much more concerned about the welfare of common citizens, was still ultimately a minoritarian oligarchy, with the richest 12-15 individuals in the country running it effectively on a whim.
This is not to say, of course, that the government did not make some efforts to improve the condition of the still largely rural Nepali population. The old feudal estates were mostly broken up and the land reallocated to individual farmers as their private property, similarly to and certainly inspired by the operation of the Reich Food Estate in the 1930s. A minimum wage was instituted and a state-based National Agricultural Trust established, to purchase crops at a guaranteed price from farmers.
Despite this, conditions did not appreciably improve; the state was still run for the benefit of the new mining and agricultural corporations that had come to dominate the Nepalese economy, and despite guaranteed purchases, most farmers made barely enough to scrape by; hardly an improvement from the boom years of 1949-51, even in spite of the hardships they had had to face then.
One organisation made excellent use of this growing disillusionment with right-wing politics in Nepal the Communist Party of Nepal, Maoist in its ideology and funded almost entirely by the Peoples Republic of China. Maoisms focus on the farmer and the peasant as its core interest groups aligned spectacularly with the disgruntled Nepali population, which was as mentioned mostly farmers and subsistence agriculturalists.
Receiving an estimated $20 million in funding from 1954-60, the Nepalese Communist Party began a steady but insidious campaign of indoctrination, taking advantage of the largely dormant central government that was not too active in subjugating opposition. From farmers and their families to pastoralists in the hills, no common citizen of Nepal was left untouched by the impact of this propaganda, which advocated for an equitable, socialist society revolving around collective ownership of the means of production.
This understandably struck quite the chord in the Nepali population, which was swayed considerably by the Chinese-inspired propaganda campaign. Membership of the CPN swelled from only about 1,000 in 1954 to approaching 2 million one-fifth of the population in 1962.
Naturally this effective tinderbox of socialism did not stay quiet for very long. In 1962, at the peak of its power, the CPN organised a peaceful demonstration for a transition to socialism in the streets of Kathmandu. The central government, to whom the strength of the Communist movement was increasingly a source of alarm, elected to deploy the small but effective Nepalese military, most of which was stationed in Kathmandu at the time, to suppress the riots which quickly turned violent.
An estimated 45 CPN cadres were killed on 12 February 1962, in what came to be labelled the Kathmandu Massacre. The CPN, alarmed and concerned at the governments evident willingness to stop at nothing to preserve its own existence, promptly appealed to the ever-watchful Peoples Republic of China to intervene.
China was initially reluctant to deploy its own military formations into the mountainous country, for fear of being bogged down in a long-term conflict that might escalate to include the Republic of India, with whom relations were already tense after the Chinese annexation of Aksai Chin in 1957. However, after gauging that this was an opportunity to precipitate a Communist revolution in Nepal, the CCP Standing Committee elected to deploy about 7,000 troops of the 11th Armoured Division, stationed in Tibet and on high alert after recently suppressing the insurrection there. About 150 tanks and 5,000 soldiers in motorised columns crossed the passes at Rasuagarhi and Kodari in the dead of night, taking care not to raise too much alarm and rapidly advancing towards Kathmandu on Nepals only highway. They captured strategic hamlets along this highway and by 15th February the Chinese troops had decisively defeated the small Nepalese military and captured Kathmandu.
The Chinese troops rounded up the SMD government, which had attempted to flee Kathmandu but had been intercepted and captured by the Chinese cordon around the city on the 14th. These members were turned over to the CPN, which had them executed, and the PRC proclaimed the establishment of the Peoples Republic of Nepal as a state that was autonomous under China: a phrase that would later also be applied to the soon-to-be-formed Peoples Republic of Bhutan.
What this meant for the continued existence of Nepal was as follows: Nepal would be accorded an unprecedented level of internal autonomy and would be permitted to carry out all its internal activities in a pseudo-sovereign manner. However, the state would not be sovereign, and would de jure be represented as a part of China in the form of a state of free association, slightly more independent than the Soviet ASSRs.
Thus concluded a period of great turmoil in Nepals history, and with the proclamation of the PR Nepal, a new Maoist state had been established as a full member of the SCO and an applicant to the Warsaw Pact that was, for most intents and purposes, part of China.
B H U T A N
Bhutan did not go unnoticed by the Peoples Republic of China in this period of turmoil, and it was scarcely 2 months after the proclamation of the Peoples Republic of Nepal, in the month of April 1962, that China would intervene in Bhutanese internal politics to install another Communist regime that was a a state of free association of China.
Bhutanese politics had similarly been dominated by an absolute monarchy under King Jigme Dorji of the Wangchuck Dynasty. A democratic reformer and left-leaning constitutionalist at heart, he was weak and easily swayed by the Communist Party, which through aid from its sister organisations in Nepal and China between the years 1957 and 1961 had steadily increased in influence, although not to the extent of its Nepali counterpart.
The Communist Party occupied a unique position in Nepal in that it was the only legitimate party that was not linked to the monarchy by royal writ; that is, it was the only real alternative to monarchy presented to the Bhutanese public in the new pseudo-democratic institutions that the King had installed in the country.
His reforms that introduced some levels of democratic practice into Bhutan in the year 1961 were well-meaning but tragically well-timed, as the passing of this legislation (in February 1962) came only a week after the Kathmandu Massacre. Bhutanese Communists and leftists at large were aghast by this horrifying development, and taking advantage of the Kings conciliatory nature and leftist sympathies, began clamouring for more influence in the government.
The Bhutanese Communist Party, it must be mentioned, is also Maoist in ideology and has close political and financial ties with the Peoples Republic of China. This would prove their greatest asset, and ultimately, the monarchys greatest undoing.
When the Communist Partys ultimatum was conveyed to the King on the evening of March 1st, 1962, it was a source of grave concern to the beleaguered monarch, who was tempted to reject it outright, alarmed by its provisions that would reduce him, in all but name, to a stooge of the Communists.
Nevertheless, he attempted to delay the inevitable assent he would have had to convey at this point, by promising reform in the future that would see greater leftist influence in the nation. However, having tasted what kind of power they could wield in government, the Communists were not willing to settle what were, at the end of the day, little more than empty promises.
Soliciting Chinese support, a small force of Bhutanese Communist Party militiamen received training in secret as the Royalist government tried in vain to delay further. The Communists, knowing that they were preparing for an insurrection, were only too happy to delay negotiations further, lulling the Kings government into a sense of false security.
All this would change drastically in the early hours of April 24th, 1962. Under a cover of heavy Himalayan spring fog, a small force of 200 elite troops that had been trained as commandos by the Peoples Liberation Army were air-dropped into the city of Thimphu by Chinese glider aircraft, in absolute secrecy to avoid raising the alarm. These troops infiltrated the city, and took advantage of Bhutans lack of a regular military to storm the Palace, quickly overwhelming the Kings Guard who were mostly killed, with some being taken prisoner and later defecting.
The King was taken captive in his stateroom, and forced at gunpoint to abdicate. He was later exiled to a mountain monastery in Bhutanese tradition, where he as a disgraced monarch was expected to do penance.
Regardless, the Kings signing over of de jure powers in Bhutan meant that the Communists now held the reins of the state in their hands. Immediately soliciting Chinese support in preventing retaliation from the Indians, who had promised to guarantee the survival of the monarchy, they asked to be made a state of free association of China similarly to what had occurred in Nepal. Thus, the Peoples Republic of Bhutan was proclaimed and with it began a new, decidedly Chinese, era in Bhutans long history.
Teujira, Otsla, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Malian Imperial Federation, Indonesian Democracy, -Ethiopian Empire, The Spanish Imperii
| The French Union has issued a stern confirmation against the Peoples Republic of China, and the revolutionary governments which have been established in Nepal and Bhutan on Chinas orders. The French Union will withdrawal all diplomatic agents from Nepal and Bhutan, to be reassigned to other posts throughout Southern Asia. The French Republics Foreign Ministry has decried the coups as a blatant exercise of Chinese political power which sets a dangerous precedent to other free nations in the area. |
Teymour, Malian Imperial Federation
sex
Teujira, Kiger, Malian Imperial Federation, Indonesian Democracy
sex
Teujira, Czabalkia, Kiger, Malian Imperial Federation, Indonesian Democracy
Post self-deleted by Indonesian Democracy.
sex
Czabalkia, Kiger, Malian Imperial Federation
Premier Zhou Enlai extends an invitation to Soviet Premier Anastas Mikoyan for a diplomatic summit in Beijing, in order to discuss the future of the Sino-Soviet alliance.
Czabalkia, Malian Imperial Federation
[list][list]【𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐎𝐒 𝐈𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐎𝐔𝐓𝐇】 - ᏝᏋ ᎶᎧᏁᎶᎧ ᏝᏗ ᏉᎥፈᏖᎧᏒᎥᏗ - 【𝐌'𝐊𝐖𝐀𝐌'𝐒 𝐅𝐈𝐑𝐒𝐓 𝐃𝐈𝐏𝐋𝐎𝐌𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐂 𝐂𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐈𝐒】[/list][/list]
[list][list][list][list][list]-ᴛʜᴇ ɢᴏɴɢᴏʟᴇꜱᴇ ʀᴇᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴋᴏɴɢᴏʟᴇꜱᴇ ɪɴᴠᴀꜱɪᴏɴ -[/list][/list][/list][/list][/list]
Early in the morning at Gongo's biggest deepwater port, Port-Noire, Radio Noire antennas picked up the now-infamous radio broadcast from the neighboring Portuguese Cabinda Province. The broadcast coming from the Kongolese Territorial Forces (KTF) who had occupied the provincial capital and establishing martial law. Not soon after it was discovered that the KTF had not only occupied Cabinda but also Angola proper. The situation only made more chaotic when a French-backed coup overthrew the Portuguese government and put António de Oliveira Salazar in power. In Brazzaville, the M'kwam administration was quick to meet and discuss the crisis unraveling south of the border. President M'kwam met with his Minister of Foreign Affairs Jean Okadigbo, his brother Kairu M'kwam who was Général d'armée, and his Chief of Command Colonel. Bwana Okiro. For two day's the men argued on what should be the reaction of Gongo. For Kairu and his fellow senior officer Colonel Okiro, the situation in their opinion was not of Gongo's concern. As Kairu made it clear to his brother that any military action was out of the question for Gongo, as reacting in a military manner would only bring Gongo troubles not only with Kongo and the new Portuguese administration but potentially France itself. Colonel Okiro himself stated the Gongolese Federal Army was still in a state of development and had no capabilities to intervene. Minister Jean Okadigbo while disgruntled with the officer's lack of interests, knew full well that they were right on the money. Gongo's Federal Forces were small and still being groomed by the French. However, the minister insisted to President M'kwam that at the very least, Gongo should publically condemn the Kongolese invasion of Angola. For President M'kwam the situation was one where no matter what the response was, Gongo would ultimately not benefit. Condemning the Kongolese would only end up with Gongo making an enemy out of the massive state, which was the type of political dilemma that M'kwam wished to fully avoid. While M'kwam despised the next-door regime, he knew that at the current moment it was best for Gongo to be pragmatic in its approach to the situation. So, after some more back and forth, common ground was made and M'kwam would present his declaration before Federal Parliament on National Radio/TV.
[list]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[/list]
[list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list]𝓟𝓻é𝓼𝓲𝓭𝓮𝓷𝓽 𝓭𝓮 𝓵𝓪 𝓡é𝓹𝓾𝓫𝓵𝓲𝓺𝓾𝓮 𝓯é𝓭é𝓻𝓪𝓵𝓮 𝓭𝓾 𝓖𝓸𝓷𝓰𝓸
[list]𝓜𝓸𝓻𝓮𝓪𝓾 𝓐𝓼𝓪𝓷𝓲 𝓜'𝓴𝔀𝓪𝓶[/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list]
[pre]Good day to the gentlemen of this honorable Federal Parliament. We gather today to announce the reaction of the Federal Republic of Gongo towards the current crisis south of the border. After much discussion and contemplation with various ministers and experts, I, President Moreau Asani M'kwam have come to my final conclusion. It would be very easy for me to come before all members of this parliament and simply tell you that the Kongolese occupation of Angola is bad. As you all know, I'm not that simple of a man. (members of parliament giggle) Thus the reaction of the Gongolese nation must be precise and clear. We in this Federal Republic do not approve of the Kongolese actions in Angola, however, we do and did not approve of the colonial regime in Angola either. The Angola colonial government is not the true authority of Angola, but the n*groes of Angola who live as second class citizens in their own lands. As of now, the Federal government does not recognize the Victor Fontes Transitional Governing Authority of the State of Angola. Thus Gongo will be closing its border at the Cabinda Province and we will no longer allow travel by either sea or air in the Gongolese national territory. This policy will go into effect immediately and will persist until the Angolan people are allowed to pursue their national independence from Portugal. I beg of my Kongolese counterparts to reconsider their occupation and withdraw from Angola to allow the people to decide their own fate. With that, I stand down gentlemen of the Parliament.[/pre]
~ [PRE]END OF TRANSMISSION[/PRE]
Otsla, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Teymour, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
[list][list]FRANCE WITHDRAWS TROOPS FROM AUSTRIA!
[pre]4 January 1963 - Innsbruck, Tyrol, Republic of Austria[/pre][/list][/list]
| After ordering last month for France to exchange its dollar reserves for gold, President Charles de Gaulle and the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the French Armed Forces have ordered all remaining French occupational forces in the former French Occupation Zone of Austria to begin the process of withdrawal from the country. Vorarlberg and North Tyrol, which have held host to French occupational forces since 1945, will now be left devoid of allied troops as France unilaterally 'ends its military commitments in the Republic of Austria'. French forces in Vorarlberg and North Tyrol - consisting of the 11th Motorized Infantry Division - will be withdrawn from those areas to Germany, while the bases formerly used by the French Occupational Forces will be handed over to the Republic of Austria Armed Forces. This move comes as the French and American governments clash over the Austria State Treaty, which would see the unification of east and west Austria as a united government under the Republic of Austria. |
| While the French government has stated it intends on remaining a staunch ally of the Republic of Austria, French ambassador to Austria Henri Dubois told press outlets that the French government 'views continued military commitments in Austria as damaging to Franco-Austrian relations'. |
[list]'To continue to view the Austrian state as a military enemy, rather than an ally, is damaging to regional stability and to the cordiality between Austria and France . . . France's decision to end its military commitments within Austria is a decision which will provide the best results for both countries.'[/list]
| France will also be withdrawing all military personnel from its sector of Vienna, turning over defense duties of those sectors to the Austrian military. However, the French sector of Vienna will de jure remain under French jurisdiction at this time, pending further deliberation on the matter. |
Teujira, Otsla, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
sex
Czabalkia, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Autumnberg, Malian Imperial Federation
December 1952
Chairman Cabral Steps Down
Chairman Amílcar Cabral shocked the entire unified Congress today as he announced in his end-of-the-year speech his intentions to step down. He claimed the time for military men like himself was over, and a true revolutionary, theorist, and leader were needed to guide the nation into a new era. Chairman Cabral had been a crucial founder of the Federation, having been a founder of the Pan West African Front in 1956 before being elevated to Chairman with the formation of the Federation in 1960. From independence, till its collapse, Malis relationship with Cabral was one of constant suppression and warfare with the Malians putting a substantial bounty on his head to crush the Pan West African Front. With Chairman Cabral stepping down the Congress has rushed to elect a new leader. While Kwame Nkrumah once again attempted to become Chairman, maneuvering by both Cabral, and the party, effectively ousted Nkrumah from the Congress. Léopold Sédar Senghor was nominated. The lower National Trade Union passed Senghor through 450-50 and the upper National Workers Council passed Senghor through 230-20. Senghor would be sworn in as Chairman in early 1963.
Léopold Sédar Senghor
Nicknamed the Poet by his comrades, Léopold Senghor is a political theoretician and poet. As Chairman his policies would be as follows:
Négritude During the 1920s and 1930s, young black students and scholars, primarily from France's colonies and territories, assembled in Paris, where they were introduced to writers of the Harlem Renaissance by Paulette Nardal and her sister Jane. Negritude or a common identity for the West African people around their African-ness and a shared sense of common history and struggle. The ideals of Négritude would include the Africanization of place names within the federation. For instance, St. Louis would be renamed Ndar. The goal of Négritude is to lessen tribal identifies and make a truly unified national identity around the idea of West African people. This would be later tied into Senghors cultural revolution in 1965.
Dress Code In another move to distance itself from the impacts of colonialism, and tribalism, societal changes to even dress would have to happen. Workers would be required to wear either denim trousers and jackets, or the abacost. While for formal or casual comfort the traditional Agbada would be encouraged. This dress code would be mandated in workplaces, and schools as an attempt to foster a sense of closeness to the dress. In personal time; however, there would be no mandate.
African Sorelianism In 1921 before his death, 18 year old Leopold Senghor met and conversed with the aging George Sorel. He conversed with the aging man discussing the burgeoning fascist movements, communism, syndicalism, and even decolonization. This meeting between the two and they're subsequent meetings until Sorel died in 1922, Senghor became deeply influenced by the ideas and works of Sorel, even taking some of his memoirs after his death. Senghor returned to Africa and his writings on Syndicalism in an independent Africa would become especially influential in Mali, and the West African Federation becoming an initial building bloc for the independence movements of the 50s. Senghor became close with the Malian Imperialists representing a left-wing faction within Malian politics until his exile in 1961.
African Sorelianism or African Syndicalism as espoused by Senghor would have many tenants of Sorelianism, but also of various other Africa movements. African Syndicalism held the necessity of class warfare, as a means of decolonizing African society and freeing it from the chains imposed by European colonialism. African Syndicalism believed and stressed the importance of the traditional African communal view of family and culture; however, African Syndicalists like Senghor wished to expand this definition to society as a whole and expand the view of communal family as a nation, in which everyone was a part of the communal family.
Senghor espoused Sorels belief on Individualism, against the idea of centralized Imperium he espouses a Proudhonian balance and devotion to the weak based on family love, which he believed needed to be part of the warrior ethic. Combined with an ethic of labour, it was this that would enable freedom. believed there to be a close relation between conflict and freedom. Inspired by liberal institutions and the pluralist writings of William James, Sorel and Senghor denounced imitation of the military corps, extolling a warrior-individualism which they compared to the "American spirit", "animated with the spirit of liberty." He opposed the "splendid isolation" of totalitarian movements connecting all activities to party fronts. Senghor further noted the importance of self liberty, in any society, and while communal family and life is important to African society the suppression of personal individuality would strike back against the state.
Senghor fully supported the ideals of the forming collars and classes of West African society. While the hierarchy of classes could be flattened, Senghor rejected such notions that the people separating themselves into classes based upon self interest was at all a bad thing. If anything these new classes depended upon each other more and must cooperate and compete. Senghor offered this as an alternative to wasteful capitalistic competition. While in capitalist society groups would outcompete to bankrupt eachother, in West African society the different classes would compete to gain more support and attention.
Syndicalization and Communalization The past 2 years had seen slow progress with only 60% progress of agriculture and industry in Ghana, and Togoland over the past two years being put into a cooperative or commune. Weak government incentives and punishments had to allow many small, and even medium-sized businesses and farms to escape syndicalization and communalization. The Malian government in its 6 years of existence had collectivized or unionized 93% of all businesses under government control. They used harsh taxes, intimidation and propaganda to achieve success. Under Senghor harsher crackdowns on small shareholders including cutting those who they could sell to, and increasing taxes by almost 100%. Local businesses would lose privileges to buy new products and stock.
Rejection of Authoritarian and Anarchism
Senghor would take a rather hardline stance in his writings and beliefs. Many far left anarchists denounced the current WAF, as being a parliamentary democracy dipped in red and black, while authoritarians like Nkrumah, denounced the current state as being too open to conservatism and there was no vanguard to lead the state to communism or syndicalism. Senghor rejected both assertions, the state was entirely different from a Parliamentary democracy, the Workers at a local level voted in their representatives from their own worker cooperatives who set economic policy, while the leaders of worker cooperatives would vote on sending a local delegation to the state worker council, and sending a representative to the lower house of Congress. He also claimed that this would prevent reactionary infiltration as only the ideologically pure, and the ones chosen by their peers would be allowed to be in government. Senghor also rejected notions of a singular party state instead he pushed for the abolishment of ALL parties instead favoring independent unions to be represented in the Lower House of Congress, with the upper house of Congress based purely upon state location rather than any political affiliation.
Teujira, Otsla, Kiger, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Gaia Major
RESOLUTION S/001/62
----------------------------------
SETTING THE LIST OF CANDIDATE COUNTRIES FOR OBSERVER ACCESSION
----------------------------------
[list](§1) - The Secretariat of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance has identified the following States as candidates for possible accession to the Council as Observers.[/list]
[list][list](i) Malian Imperial Federation (West African Federation)
(ii) Zanbala Prz (Gongo) [Amendment 1.A]
(iii) Yugoslavia [OOC: Not currently played]
(iv) Indonesian Democracy [Amendment 1.B][/list][/list]
[list](§2) - Upon adoption by the Council, the candidate list shall serve to inform the Executive Committee and other relevant bodies in their outreach activities and accession negotiations.
(§3) - The Candidate list shall take effect upon adoption and remain in effect for at least one year. [/list]
----------------------------------
✓ - IN FAVOR: East Germany Ddr [*], Teujira [*], Gaia Major [*]
X - AGAINST: Socialist Democratic Republic Romania [*]
☐ - PENDING:
Teujira, Otsla, Czabalkia, Zanbala Prz, Teymour, Gaia Major
The German Democratic Republic votes IN FAVOR of adopting resolution S/001/62
Czabalkia, Teymour, Gaia Major, Council For Mutual Economic Assistance
| The Soviet Union votes IN FAVOR of Resolution S/001/62. |
Czabalkia, Teymour, Gaia Major, Council For Mutual Economic Assistance
The People's Republic of China votes in favour of adopting Resolution S/001/62.
Czabalkia, Teymour, Council For Mutual Economic Assistance
[list]| The following may be intercepted by Intelligence Services with active missions in Europe.
| A copy would be directly forwarded to Teujira via the Soviet Embassy in East Berlin ...[/list]
It was a cold December evening, and on your desk lay a thin folder. Written on it were two German words, which you know translated to "Top Secret!" ...
[spoiler=STRENG GEHEIM!]https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1521426[/spoiler]
Czabalkia, Teymour, Gaia Major
The Socialist Republic of Romania votes against Mali, Gongo, Indonesia and in favour of Yugoslavia.
It is a quite simple explanation why Romania is against the other countries. They must still learn to develop socialism there.
Once they understand how socialism works, Romania is more than happy to welcome them as Observers, or even as future members
Otsla, Czabalkia, Teymour, Gaia Major
Secretariat Resolution S/001/62 SETTING THE LIST OF CANDIDATE COUNTRIES FOR OBSERVER ACCESSION is hereby adopted 3-1-0 via simple majority.
https://www.nationstates.net/page=dispatch/id=1517866
Teujira, Otsla, Czabalkia, Gaia Major
[list]STRANGE DAYS IN HOLLAND[/list]
[pre]Maandag, 5 November 1962 A.D. (Gregorian)
[/pre]
[list]Catshuis, Den Haag, Kingdom of the Netherlands[/list]
| Jan-Willem Van Der Daal was the wealthiest man in the Netherlands, the owner of 16.2% of Royal Dutch Shell. He sat atop the companys board of directors, and it was under his supervision that the company acquired exclusive rights to the Groningen gas fields. Located in the country north, the fields were substantial and easy to extract from. Hed acquired those rights the way many things happened in Western Europe, through greasing the wheels of bureaucracy. Hed paid nearly $700,000 USD to the Prime Minister Louis Beels election fund. Louis Bell was a market liberal; but a moderate in every regard. Van Der Daal offered the Prime Minister and his Catholic Peoples Party both support, and positive news coverage through the 3 extraordinarily popular newspapers he owned (Haagse Telegraaf, Algemeen Dagblad, and Nederlands Dagblad).
The Prime Minister Louis Beels coalition would collapse in the aftermath of the fall of Dutch New Guinea, with many right wing partners of his broad coalition breaking with his party in protest. The Catholic Peoples Party appeared doomed in the face of the 1962 general elections. The Labor Party (PvdA) and its electoral alliance of left parties was poised to take the control of the government, and promised a potential nationalisation of Royal Dutch Shell and proposed the release of the Dutch Antilles. The progressive and left wing agenda of the Labor Party was a threat to many of Dutch capitalists, the wealthiest of which was Van Der Daal. Van Der Daal had amassed something of a public presence in the post-war Netherlands, having acquired a controlling stake in the Amsterdam FC 'Ajax' during the early 1950s. One of the Netherlands largest and most successful football clubs, his ownership of Ajax had helped created a public image of Jan-Willem Van Der Daal as an excellent administrator.
Planning to capitalise on a disaffected right wing and co-opt many of the populist policies of the Labour Party, Van Der Daal threw his hat in the ring for the 1962 Snap Elections. He formed the Partij voor Populaire Republikeinen / Party for Popular Republicans, a Dutch nationalist and populist party, in June of 1961 and began heavily campaigning against Jan De Quay and his Labour Party. Van Der Daal sells a brand of populism which many Dutch can get behind. He calls for a government run like an efficient business and not an elitist bureaucracy, he calls for defences against rapidly secularising society and the 'defence of Dutch Protestant morality', tax cuts for all, the creation of a French or British-style Dutch Commonwealth to which all former Dutch possessions will be invited, new special visa and trade agreements with Indonesia, Belgium, and Australia to protect 'outer Dutch / buitenlands Nederlanders' and domestic industry, more restrictive immigration policies, a great deal of anti-French and anti-Americanism, and the expansion of the Delta Works dam project.
1962 General Elections were held on 15 June, and the PvPR would come out with 24.6% and 46 of the 150 seats in the Dutch House of Representatives, possibly owing some success to the recent national championship victory of Ajax FC. Despite winning 7 seats less than the Labour Party, the right wing parties still maintain an overall majority in the States General and are able to form a majority government led by the PvPR. A right-wing coalition government is formed by the right-wing populist Popular Republicans, the center right liberal Party for Freedom and Democracy, the social conservative and Presbyterian Anti-Revolutionary Party, the ARPs Calvinist counterpart the Christian Historical Union, and the Calvinist arch-conservative Reformed Political Party. The incoming PvPR-led government was sworn in on 5 September, and quickly went to work on cutting tax rates across the board and putting to rest any possibility of Shells nationalisation. One major condition of the coalition with the Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) was that Van Der Daal turn over his assets to a blind trust fund supervised by the Ministry of the Treasury. Van Der Daal had since continually stalled the process, by holding up appointments of a new Ministry of the Treasury and finally narrowly appointing himself to the position of Minister of the Treasury.
Now there were talks about a possible exit of the numerous VVD from the coalition, possibly creating a minority government. Likewise, the Labour Party and Pacificist Socialist Party have members among them which are considering initiating a vote of no confidence against Van Der Daals government, calling his situation a clear conflict of interest. Van Der Daal saw no other option than to distract the eyes of the Dutch public away from the scandal of his economic interests, and towards a foreign conflict with a clear enemy. A particular political party in Belgium, and the newly formed Boer Republic of Australia appeared like clear targets for a crisis with which he could distract the Dutch public. Australia was far away, and didnt matter too much to the Dutch at home. Belgium and the Flanders region were sore spots for many Dutch patriots, and the idea of a unified Dutch homeland (Dietsland) was supported by some 80% of Dutch and ~35-50% of Flemish in Belgium. The Vlaams Blok of Belgium was a far-right Flemish separatist and Dutch unionist party led by Karel Constantijn Dillen, which continually captured roughly 15-25% of the Flemish vote not counting other less radical Flemish interests parties.
Van Der Daal would begin sending support to Dillens Vlaams Blok and the less radical Volksunie (Peoples Union), and favorably covering the struggles of Flemish nationalists in a country which was politically and socially dominated by the French. Stories are run on the injustice of the Francization of Brussels, and the struggle for greater and greater autonomy for the Flanders region. Vlaams Blok was given greater funds to campaign for unity with the Netherlands, reinforced by Van Der Daal ordering the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to form the Commissie voor buitenlandse Nederlanders / Commission for Dutch Abroad to look into the affairs of Flemish and Afrikaners abroad. Daals newspapers ran editorials deriding the Labor Party as socialists who wished to place the nations three largest newspapers under government control and sell Royal Dutch Shells assets to French investors. Baseless claims, but claims which can catch on as reasonable explanations for those who want to believe in Van Der Daal. One of his more sensationalist papers runs a story questioning whether the Catholic Peoples Party may have surrender Dutch New Guinea out of loyalty to a Franco-Papist anti-Dutch conspiracy. Regardless, all discussion of his control over several of the nations most powerful companies was muted in his papers.
A unification with Flanders, or at least attempts to, would drum up enough popular support in the Netherlands to certainly keep his coalition together and provide an opportunity to host new elections. A unified Dietsland would require a new constitution, where a majority in the House of Representatives would allow him to permanently protect his and his allies business interests. A protest calling for greater Flemish autonomy was being planned in Brussels by the Vlaams Blok, funded by $200,000 USD provided through a nameless Swiss bank account owned by Van Der Daal. The protest was scheduled for 5 December, and would involve possibly up to 10 or 20,000 protestors. Perhaps Van Der Daals gamble might magically pay off and save him from an agitated socialist movement. If it did, he could cement himself as a popular figure in Dutch history for generations. |
Teujira, Otsla, Czabalkia, Kiger, Teymour, Gaia Major
January 1963
Celebrations in Ouagadougou
|West Africa celebrated the stepping down of Chairman Cabral and the ascension of Chairman Senghor. Chairman Amílcar Cabral, now more formally known as Comrade Cabral gave a speech in which he thanked the Trade Union Congress and workers for trusting him. He discussed the transformation of society under him, and the great victories achieved together. He discussed the progress made, but also the progress still to come. Lastly, he wished the new Executive Chairman Senghor the best of luck and stated he has the utmost confidence in the writer and theoreticians abilities to lead the nation and implement African Syndicalism. Amílcar Cabral would then step down from the stage, and depart from political life becoming an agricultural engineer in Bissau.
The new Executive Chairman Léopold Senghor stepped up to the podium, he thanked the entire Trade Union Congress and stated his new plans for the Federation. He addressed his plans for rewriting the constitution and ideologically making the state more aligned to Syndicalist and workers' ideology. Finally, Chairman Senghor welcomed a local hand who covered a rendition of Solidarity Forever sang in French which in the absence of an actual national anthem, became a popular song, usually sung at workplace meetings and even in state Trade Union Congress.|
| All over Ouagadougou and the Federation as a whole a day of celebration was held with feasts, and parades of militiamen carrying the West African flag. To many, the election of Senghor represented an end to overt militarism and expansionism and a path for peace for West Africa. Senghor was a natural diplomat desiring strong relations with both France and the Soviets it was hoped that his Chairmanship could help steer the nation towards ending economic and diplomatic isolation.|
Teujira, Otsla, Kiger, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Gaia Major
[list][list]VIET MINH LAUNCHES MASSIVE OFFENSIVE ALONG THE NORTHERN BORDERS!
[pre]12 April 1963 - Hanoi, Red River Delta Provinces, Imperial State of Vietnam[/pre][/list][/list]
| After their defeat on the battlefield against French forces in the First Indochina War, and losing popular support upon Vietnamese independence in 1952, the Viet Minh have largely existed as a rag-tag force of guerillas, cast out from their homeland, making cross-border raids from their camps in Laos and China. While some in the paddy fields and towns along the borders have continued to live with the occasional banditry or raid, the Viet Minh have largely faded from relevance in life in Vietnam, with the Imperial State managing to focus on overseas affairs, such as the ongoing Laotian Civil War, rather than dealing with the full-blown insurgency the Viet Minh once presented. |
| There has been, since October of last year, ruminations of a potential Viet Minh assault across the border the following Spring. This assault, unlike the banditry and marauding committed by the Viet Minh, would supposedly consist of over 150,000 fighters, supported by armored vehicles, tanks, artillery, and even air support. The Imperial State's military intelligence, who has operated with great extent in Laos and Cambodia, have investigated these rumors and found nothing of substantial evidence beyond already known confirmation of the Viet Minh's alliance with the Pathet Lao against the Kingdom of Laos in that country's civil war. Intelligence in China is slim, but largely the same as that in Laos. However, at their political headquarters in Nanning, Ho Chi Minh and General Võ Nguyên Giáp have spent nearly three years preparing for an assault exactly of this caliber and, with the coming end of the dry season, have approved for the commencement of their new offensive, called the General Offensive and Uprising of Spring 1963, against the Imperial State of Vietnam, with the intention of quickly invading and liberating the northern quarter of Vietnam to serve as the seat of a new, socialist Vietnamese government. |
| In Hanoi, in the early morning hours of 12 April, the Imperial Army of Viet Nam V Corps headquarters receives a message from a forward operating base in Hải Xuân, on an island between a fork in the Song Ka Long River, via telegraph that the forward operating base has come under direct fire by infantry small arms, machine guns, and tanks. After spending roughly two hours moving up the chain of command, it makes its way to Trầm Thế Dũng, Commanding Officer of the IAVN V Corps who, being stirred from his sleep, is irritated at the news, and unsure of what to make of it. By the time the news of the assault at Móng Cái reaches General Dũng, similar news of further assaults at Lạng Sơn, Cao Bằng, Đồng Văn, Hà Giang, Lào Cai, Điện Biên Phủ, Mộc Châu town, and, concerningly, as far south as Cửa Rào, confirming the worst: the rumors of the Viet Minh's offensives were complete fact. |
[list][list][pre]12 April 1963 - Hue, Special Province of Hue City, Imperial State of Vietnam[/pre][/list][/list]
| At the daily morning meeting of the Emperor and his Head Council of Imperial Affairs, there is an air of shock and, on the part of Defense Minister Minh, humiliation, after an attendant reads news from around the nation to commence the meeting, including news of a Viet Minh attack across northern Vietnam. There is an awkward silence which fills the room as the Ministers look around at each other and the Emperor, waiting for someone to speak first, all nervous of whom should dare begin the conversation in such a dire circumstance. After nearly two full minutes of staring, the Emperor breaks the silence. |
[list]BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'This is a disgusting failure on the part of the military intelligence . . . General Minh, I am utterly disappointed in the failure of your efforts to validate these rumors. We are totally unprepared to deal with this kind of assault.'[/list]
| | General Dương Văn Minh bows his head in deference. |
[list]DUONG VAN MINH, Minister of Defense: 'Your Majesty, I-'
BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'Nearly 150,000 men! A whole Army, left to walk right across the border! General Minh, if I had half a brain, I would dismiss you here and now and have you taken outside and shot for treason!'[/list]
| Minh slouches back in his chair, as if in fear. Bao Dai had made himself known as a very modest man, a Casanova figure with little concern for military affairs or matters beyond prosperity and keeping peace nationally. To see him in such a furor was a rare sight for even his closest confidants. |
[list]PHAN KHAC SUU, Prime Minister: 'Your Majesty, General Minh's intelligence was faulty not to his own fault, but because acquiring such intelligence in a state such as Chairman Mao's China is a next to impossible task within our budget. Even as prosperous as the Empire is, we are nonetheless bound within our means. Right, General Minh?'
DUONG VAN MINH, Minister of Defense: 'O-oh, yes, certainly, Your Excellency.'[/list]
| Nodding his head, he looks at the Emperor like a young pup to his owner. |
[list]BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'What is the status of the V Corps? And the Bắc Dương Fleet? Can we resist this invasion?'[/list]
| The General sheepishly responds. |
[list]BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'What is the status of the V Corps? And the Bắc Dương Fleet? Can we resist this invasion?'
DUONG VAN MINH, Minister of Defense: 'I will promptly order the V Corps to dig into defensive positions in Hanoi and at garrisons along the immediate border vicinity. I will have armored columns on every road leading south from the border. As for the Navy, I will order them to take up immediate shelling positions off of Cái Chiên in order to maintain our positions at Móng Cái. I fear -'[/list]
| His voice dawdles. |
[list]BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'You fear . . . what, exactly, General Minh?'
DUONG VAN MINH, Minister of Defense: 'I do fear that the more inland positions - the areas around Phu Tra and Kiou Leou Ti - they might fall. The V Corps does not have adequate manpower in those regions to hold back this type of offensive. We might keep them off of Cái Chiên and Hanoi, and even Dien Bien Phu, but the mountainous northwest will likely fall, for a time, until we can counterattack.'
BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'General Minh?'
DUONG VAN MINH, Minister of Defense: 'Yes, Your Majesty?'[/list]
| The Emperor takes a deep breath. |
[list]BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'I want the IV Corps mobilized! I want the III Corps mobilized and the I and II Corps on high alert! Get all available Ranger forces into the northwest and dug in to make sure they don't get past the borders! I want the Air Force dropping high explosive ordinance on any enemy artillery and armor when it shows up, wherever it shows up. I want Marines in Cái Chiên and Airborne in Dien Bien Phu! However many troops you need to combat that bastard Ho, I want you to take them and use them!'[/list]
| General Minh bows three times in deference. |
[list]DUONG VAN MINH, Minister of Defense: 'Yes, Your Majesty!'[/list]
[list][list][pre]13 April 1963 - Hanoi, Red River Delta Provinces, Imperial State of Vietnam[/pre][/list][/list]
| The following morning, Hanoi remains on high alert. Since around noon the previous day, the city had been put on lockdown with military police and Rangers being stationed on almost every main intersection and at every government installation in the city. Overnight, cars belonging to military officers and officials kept up a frenzied pace driving back and forth between military bases and headquarters, giving the city the feeling of a heart about to burst from stress. Though the actual combat was nowhere near Hanoi, the night between the 12th and the 13th has kept almost everyone in the city awake, and has sent many fleeing south. |
| General Minh, issuing orders for a general mobilization of the Imperial Armed Forces of Viet Nam(IAFVN) north to face the enemy, has directed Brigadier General Trầm Thế Dũng to mobilize all I Corps troops to the borders to defend against the offensive. The I Corps though, like the rest of the IAFVN, is not in any way prepared to deploy its entire might into combat positions within the two days allotted by General Minh. The lull in immediate threat to Vietnam caused by peacetime prosperity since 1954 has caused the I Corps and the IAFVN as a whole to fall into a false sense of security, and become horribly ill prepared to handle a general offensive such as. Now, with orders being handed down from Hue to mobilize the entire Corps' 40,000 soldiers in two days and conscript an additional 2,000 militiamen within the next week, I Corps headquarters has become overwhelmed. |
| Against the odds, Brigadier General Dung nonetheless proceeds to order full mobilization of the I Corps to combat positions as drafted by the Officers' Council of the I Corps. Crucially, three Ranger battalions are ordered to be sent to the heights outside of Hà Giang to establish a firing base rather than being ordered to deploy directly into Hà Giang City which, as 13 April unfolds, proves to be disasterous, with nearly 4,000 Viet Minh fighters and around 500 Viet Cong guerillas swarming into the city's northern districts, firing onto the other side of the Lo River with Soviet D-20 artillery guns. The three Ranger battlions on the Kiou Leou Ti heights, to add insult to injury, come under fire by other D-20 guns and lighter C17S howitzers captured during the First Indochina War, preventing them from adequately laying the foundations for an artillery observation and firing base. Supported by T-34s and T-54s, the Viet Minh assault on Hà Giang City manages to overwhelm the small garrison there by nightfall on only the second day of the fighting, resulting in the capture of 189 Vietnamese soldiers and a general retreat of the remaining 54 escaping infantrymen to the Vị Xuyên Valley. |
| The next major city's capture which Hanoi confirms is Cao Bằng, just two days after the collapse of Hà Giang. The garrison which had been stationed there, a battalion of border Rangers and a column of Mechanized Infantry, had become the subject of an encirclement, with Viet Minh attacking from across the border to the north, and Viet Cong guerillas cutting off roads leading into the town from the south. The garrisons, after a sturdy defense, had been overwhelmed, and slaughtered to the last man, with their M113 APCs being seized by the Viet Minh for use in the later campaigns. When the Bao Dai Emperor is informed of the collapse of the central northern highlands, he is furious, ordering for the arrest of the commander of that section and his immediate execution - an order which is carried out in mere hours. |
| Even as far south as Khe Sanh, the Viet Minh presses the offensive. The small town, home to an army-air base, is assaulted at length by two Viet Minh armored companies supported by D-20 artillery guns and monkey model T-52 tanks. The defenders at Khe Sanh put up a bitter defense, utilizing the nearby Thach Han River for supplies and shipping in ammunition via helicopters from nearby Hue. As the first objective on the direct path to Hue, Khe Sanh is specifically listed as a 'must not fall' position, and as such, is backed with the full might of the Imperial Viet Nam Air Force, who supports the position by strafing Viet Minh camps to the north with T-28 Trojans. |
| As April progresses, the mobilization of the IAFVN proves incapable of meeting the furor of the Viet Minh, with Emperor Bao Dai's 'General Mobilization' efforts falling completely flat. Due to the unpreparedness of the IAFVN for such a massive offensive, almost the entire northern borders of Viet Nam are seized within the first two weeks of fighting, besides the lingering sieges at Điện Biên Phủ, Sơn La, and Móng Cái. The Rangers in the Hà Giang Heights, against all odds, also continue to repel wave after wave of Viet Minh assault, aided by supply missions undertaken by IVNAF Cessna 310Ds and Cessna U-17As. Continuous landing of much needed food and ammunition by these small liaison aircraft on the top of one of the larger mountains occupied by the Rangers allows them to establish and maintain a fortified position, draining the occupying garrison at Hà Giang of time and manpower. At Móng Cái, an amphibious assault by Imperial Navy Marine Infantry manages to repel the stream of Viet Minh fighters crossing the border from Naliangzhen, essentially securing it despite its being cut off from the rest of the country. In the areas around Điện Biên Phủ and Sơn La, despite heavy fighting, the vastness of the area enables the Imperial Armed Forces to successfully hold most of the positions, and adequately move supplies from the south into the area, preventing total collapse. |
| Nonetheless, a Viet Minh offensive on Hanoi is all but inevitable within the next weeks. As the Viet Minh and general Viet Cong guerrillas regroup over the last days in April and the beginning of May, the coming of the rainy season will further hinder the Imperial Armed Forces' abilities to reinforce their garrisons in the north, and allow the Viet Minh to storm into the northern city. In order to better prepare the city for an offensive, Ho Chi Minh sends a direct request to Chairman Mao asking for the utilization of PLAAF bombers in a general bombardment of the city. Knowing of the mass exodus of citizens from the city, and its importance as a military headquarters, such a bombardment would not only serve to absolutely cripple the morale of the Vietnamese military and populace, but also cut the head off of the main military body organizing the regional defense of northern Vietnam. Knowing the decrepit state of the Vietnamese Air Force, such a request should be granted without issue. |
Teujira, Val Verde-, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Socialist Democratic Republic Romania, Zanbala Prz, Teymour, Gaia Major
Italys Election 1963
[sub]1963 April 3 to May 3 Main Candidates are Aldo Moro representative of the Christian Democratic Party Palmiro Togliatti representative of the Communist party and Pietro Nenne the representative of the Italian socialist party[/sub]
The election would be planned out first before anything else would happen soldiers would be stationed at the voting posts to stop any mafias trying to brake the system and when the votes would be counted theyd be heavily guarded by infantry just in case any mafias try start a inferences the voting system over the months people would vote for 34 partys but the main three would probably get all the votes these vote was very settle because of the new defenses to the system
The New President
After all the votes were counted the partys were ready to see who won the three main candidates were waiting for an answer the total votes were 31 million the Italian Social movement got 1.5 million the Italian socialist democratic party had 1.8 million votes the Italian liberal party had 2.1 million votes the Italian socialist party had 3.1million the Christian Democratic Party had 9.8 million and the winner was the Italian communist party had 10.1 million making the communist party the winner Palmiro Tog liatta won the vote Italy was surprised even the mafias were surprised to expecting one of the mafias to make the Christian Democratic Party win
Teujira, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major
[sub]22 August 1961[/sub]
[sup]The Metal Speech[/sup]
Prime Minister Tage Erlander rubbishes possible Swedish entry into the European Economic Community (EEC)
The European Economic Community (EEC) came into existence in 1958 after the implementation of the Treaty of Rome, signed by six Western European nations only a little over a decade since the end of the Second World War. It represented a pan-European vision of unity and peace, something which had never been achieved on the continent. Much intrigue was generated by its creation in Sweden, but hesitancy was present within a lot of the nation's leftist circles and not least in the ruling Social Democrats. The United Kingdom as well as Denmark's decision to apply for membership in 1961 had resulted in an expectation from many quarters, not least the business community, that Sweden would do the same. Political support for Swedish membership was found primarily among the country's right-wing who at their core represented the interests of businesses, whereas much of the opposition was found on the left. The benefits of joining such an organisation were clear to see, but opponents argued that among other things membership would mean violating the country's policy of neutrality. This line was articulated by Prime Minister Tage Erlander in a speech at the Swedish Metal Industry Workers' Union's congress in Stockholm. He had not only stated that membership would be in violation of neutrality, but could possibly frustrate and prevent social democratic policies from being implemented. The speech effectively ended any possibility of Swedish membership in the EEC so long as he or the Social Democrats remained in power unless guarantees could be made.
Teujira, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation
| The French Union has congratulated Palmiro Togliatti and the Italian Communist Party on their surprise victory in the Italian elections. In order to ensure Italy's close ties with the French Union and the European Economic Community remain intact, President Charles de Gaulle has offered to meet with Italian President Giovanni Leone in Paris to discuss the election results and relations going forward as the ICP forms its new government. |
Teujira, Grand Indochina, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation
Teujira, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation
[list]CHARLES DE GAULLE, French President: 'Good day, your Excellency. I trust that your flight to Paris was enjoyable?'[/list]
Teujira, Grand Indochina, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation
[sub]Yes indeed I have always enjoyed exploring different countrys by a sky high and seeing how Italy can have greater relations with other nations.
Now May we talk about why I came here specifically the new victor for the election because making sure the communist party doesnt go over hand would be important towards Italys economy and government structure.[/sub]
Teujira, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation
[list]DECEMBER 1961
MANAMA, UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC MIDDLE EAST[/list]
[list][list][sub][pre]!دولة قوية و عادلة
Strong & Just Nation!
SELF-DETERMINATION IN HYDROCARBONS[/pre][/sub]
[/list][/list]
[list][list][sub]Under the auspices of the three national priorities, the United Arab Republic had begun utilizing a growing portion of its oil wealth towards national economic development. While this was seen as a major positive step to gain tangible increases in the state budget and standard of living, these growing state-interests in the hydrocarbon industry set a new conflict into motion, the roots of which begin a decade prior. Following the 1951 nationalization of Iranian oil under the leftist, now staunchly pro-Soviet, government of Mohammad Mosadegh, major oil companies, several of which were daughter corporations of John D. Rockefeller's original Standard Oil monopoly, had come together to create a consortium over oil pricing. The Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, Gulf Oil, Royal Dutch Shell, Californian Standard Oil, Standard Oil of New Jersey, Standard Oil of New York and Texaco, became the collective instruments of this endeavour, and would henceforth be known as the 'seven sisters'. This occurred despite the lack of any formal agreement between these enterprises and the oil producing nations they worked with, over a matter which would undoubtedly carry consequences for the economies of the latter. In 1959, those consequences arrived in full, as the 'seven sisters' unilaterally reduced the price of Venezuelan and Middle Eastern oil by a staggering 10%. This was during an especially critical and financially uncertain time in the United Arab Republic, which had been undergoing its violent consolidation since 1955. Therefore, the sudden decline in oil prices therefore posed an immense threat to the fragile state budget, let alone the ability of Nasser's government to devote financial resources to a post-insurgency reconstruction effort. All the while, it was Arab soldiers, paid for by the UAR government, who protected the physical assets of these very companies from insurgent attacks and therefore ensured their security. From the perspective of the incumbent political forces and the President especially, this state of affairs was infuriating, untenable and unfair. A set of emotions which intensified when fiscal information gathered by the Ministry of Finance in 1959 left the government with no option but to suspend the commencement of serious reconstruction for up to two years. It was however a useful and valuable experience, showcasing to all, that if the Arab economy was to make sustainable progress the country would need to free itself from the whims of corporate decision making. History was set in notion by August 1960, just after the conclusion of the Arab Economic Convention, prices were again cut for Middle Eastern oil, prompting the final decision to act in retaliation. Abdullah Tariqi, a former senior official in ARAMCO and Finance Minister who supported the anti-Saud July 1955 Republican Revolution and who participated in the economic convention, was summoned by Nasser to formulate a plan of action.[/sub]
[sub]Tariqi recommended that the matter be extended to an inter-governmental summit of oil producers, to increase the legitimacy of asserting 'self-determination' over oil prices and management, by understanding that this is not solely an issue affecting the United Arab Republic but the wider community of hydrocarbon exporters. And furthermore, to place a greater degree of pressure on the 'seven sisters' to abandon unilateral pricing policy. The new desired model to determine such, would ideally be a negotiated settlement between oil producing nations which regulates the market, supports the idea of market stability and creates a fair balance between consumer and producer needs. He took his proposal all the way to the Consultive Assembly when he joined the Lakhas, otherwise known as a Specialized Commission, on Hydrocarbon Administration upon the recommendation of the President and representatives of the Ministry of Energy & Resources, which were already implanted in the group. During a hearing of the National Assembly, Tariqi stated: "the swift cutting of the oil price both in 1959 and again in 1960, constituted to us a demonstration that the ideal corporate conditions of these enterprises is not necessarily advantageous to our financial or economic interests. We have not been included in these decisions which affect our development strongly, nor have our recommendations and protests been meaningfully acknowledged, important reforms must be adopted to ensure that we have our say. This is an issue affecting all oil producers in the world. We must seek to open a dialogue with them to establish a legal understanding that in order to secure fair and stable prices for petroleum producers; an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations; and a fair return on capital to those investing in the industry." On this initiative and with the approval of both the legislature and relevant Ministries, Tariqi was made to lead an advisory planning board of the Lakhas on Hydrocarbon Administration to handle this dialogue. He chose the city of Manama in Khaleej Region as the ideal location to hold an inter-state summit, due to its close proximity to the critical oil transport terminals at Ra'as Tanura and the hydrocarbon-hub of Dammam in Arabia Region. Furthermore the city was located on the island of Bahrain in the Gulf, a body of water shared by the United Arab Republic, Mashriq and Iran, which will all be undoubtedly included in the conference. Another nation of similar stature, whos involvement in hydrocarbon dialogue remains imperative, is Venezuela. [/sub]
[sub]When Abdullah Tariqi greeted Iranian, Venezuelan and Mashriqi representatives in Manama on the 10th December 1961, he gave special attention to the Venezuelan Minister of Mines of Hydrocarbons, Juan Pablo Pérez Alfonzo. Who was the main leader of the Venezuelan diplomatic delegation to Manama. A sort of gentlemen's agreement was formulated between the two and later proposed to the remainder of the delegates, reflective of Tariqis previous ideas of state-negotiated oil prices. This also mirrored Venezuelan attempts during the 1950s to limit the supply of oil and promote such policies to other oil producers, as well as refusing to accept any profit sharing agreements unless they meant a 50% split. Attempts, which largely faltered due to the widespread availability of new oil sources. Now however, they had resurfaced to influence the general attitude of the Manama Conference on Hydrocarbon Reform & Organization. By the 14th of December, Abdullah Tariqi had issued a final summation of the conferences outcome to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which made the public statement based on his writings that: together with Arab and non-Arab producers, the United Arab Republic formed the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) to secure the best possible price from oil corporations and ensure a fair distribution of hydrocarbon wealth. The creation of OPEC posed a great turning point in global energy affairs and the economic potential of its members, by utilizing the size of its membership as leverage to attain common goals and objectives. Furthermore, as a peculiarity of the global geopolitical struggle, OPEC embraces members with distinct, sometimes conflicting ideological and international leanings. The two most notable ones being Iran, with its pro-Moscow alignment and the United Arab Republic, a staunch ally of the entire Western bloc. These divisions can justify the usage of the term experimental when describing the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, divisions that can extend geographically. As Venezuela argued for OPECs headquarters to be stationed in neutral Switzerland, in opposition to Manama, a location promoted by the remaining member countries. Theoretically at least, the worlds major oil producers are now unified under a single mandate, to pursue economic justice and assert greater control over the fate of their resources and finances. [/sub][/list][list]
Teujira, Val Verde-, Otsla, Grand Indochina, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
(ooc: not a news post but an actual RP post)
[list][list]Operation Goldmine: Phase 3, The Invasion Part VI: The Wave
March 1, 1963[/list][/list]
[list]The Western Liberation Army has begun Phase 3 of the invasion plan. Pushing eastward, the Western Liberation Army began encroaching on Cochabomba and Santa Cruz. The Western Liberation Army has surrounded the city of Cochabamba and began a siege. Santa Cruz de la Sierra was also being sieged by both the Eastern and Western Liberation Armies. The war was expected to be concluded by the end of the year by Peruvian military analysts. Both sides have sufferd losses and the Bolivian economy was in ruins. Much of what Bolivian military forces were left were either fighting the sieges or were putting down riots caused by the food and money shortages in Bolivia. The fighting was fierce and slow, as it became a war of attrition, as neither side was willing to give up. The Bolivians were able to construct temporary walls and barricades throughout the city to slow down the Peruvian forces. The Bolivian strategy worked to an extent, but the sieges cut off the Bolivian supply of food and ammunition to the soldiers and people. By this time, the Bolivian currency became so worthless that many civilians resorted to bartering for goods and services and many people who could get their hands on Peruvian Sols, chose to use them to buy goods instead of Bolivia's official currency. Meanwhile, the construction of the Administrative Building in La Paz was making great progress, as the supplies were being sent directly to the construction site in massive quantities. The construction of the Administrative building was on course to be completed by the end of 1963. Many in the western part of Bolivia now openly welcomed the Peruvian government, after the Peruvian government spend a lot of time and money to send aid to the cities and villages of western Bolivia, such that the villages and economies could begin to rebuild. Many found the Peruvian government to be the better choice, when compared to the oppressive regime that was the current Bolivian government.[/list]
Otsla, Not Xav, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major
[list][list]KING JULIUS NGWEWE-BONGO APPROVES EXPANSION OF ROYAL BONGOLESE AIRBORNE MARINE INFANTRY!
[pre]7 March 1963 - Aymerichville, National Capital District, Kingdom of Bongo[/pre][/list][/list]
| King Julius Ngwewe-Bongo today approved an act drafted by Parliament which has approved funding to oversee the expansion of the Royal Bongolese Army Air Force Airborne Marine Infantry Corps(RBAAFAMIC) from 250 Airborne Marine Infantrymen to nearly 800. Due to the security threat presented by the growing insurgency of communist rebels near the border with the Republic of Ambazonia, the Royal Congress drafted and approved the Act to Expand the Military To Increase Deterrence Against Enemy Forces Standing In Opposition to the Kingdom. Also included in the bill is an approval of funding to secure the purchase of additional AMX-13s from the French Army to use against the rebel forces. |
| The prime mover of the Act was Minister of Defense Pepe Pastor Ndikumana Ngwewe-Bongo, the King's fourth cousin six times removed. Having spent his fourteen days as Minister of Defense organizing a renewed offensive against members of the Liberation of Bongo Front near the border with Ambazonia, Defense Minister Ndikumana has made very clear his desire to 'escalate the conflict' and 'take the fight to the communists and the Ambazonians'. Congress has twice now blocked a request by the Defense Minister pushing for an invasion of Ambazonia, but have been more sympathetic to the Minister's intentions to strike at other Bongolese communists groups across the border in neighboring Kongo, even going so far as to support a potential alliance between Bongo and the various Bantustans also engaged in war against rebels operating in Gongo. Whether or not the crisis will escalate into a Kongo-Gongo-Bongo War, or continue to remain a Kongo-Gongo War with limited Bongolese involvement will remain to be seen - nonetheless, top generals such as Field Marshal Jean Kimaru Ngwewe-Bongo and East Front Leader Field Marshal Fabien Chéron Ngwewe Bongo have expressed support for not only an escalation of conflict against the rebels, but war against both Ambazonia and Gongo for 'defying Bongolese sovereignty. |
' DIEU, ROI, PAYS, PEUPLES - BONGO '
[list][list][list][list]
Bongolais, levez-vous,
effacé de vos chaînes,
vainqueur du conflit,
passant devant la souchienne;
Bongolais, levez-vous,
récupérez notre plus grand état,
vivez et aimez le plus joyeux,
car nous avons succéda;
Le jour de la tourmente est terminé,
nous sommes forts et libres!
Main dans la main dans le travail,
infaillible!
Bongolais, levez-vous,
vous avez saisi le jour!
Le colonisateur est vaincu,
à cause de votre bravoure![/list][/list][/list][/list]
Teujira, Val Verde-, Otsla, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation
[list][list][list][list] THE ETHIOPIAN EMPIRE
የኢትዮጵያ ኢምፓየር
𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 𝟏𝟗𝟔𝟑 | 𝐀𝐝𝐝𝐢𝐬 𝐀𝐛𝐚𝐛𝐚, 𝐄𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐨𝐩𝐢𝐚 [/list]_________
| ETHIOPIAN-FRENCH PROJECTS |[/list][/list]
The Ethiopians and French have been working closely with each other since the 17th century and their partnership still lasts today, Ethiopia classifies the French as Ethiopia's best European ally, working together in economics, politics, and war. Charles de Gaulle and Haile Selassie had a meeting in terms of projects that are taking place in Ethiopia and Djibouti.
Djibouti-Addis Ababa Highway
Djibouti-Addis Ababa Highway is a project directed by the Franco-Ethiopian Highway Corp, owned by the French and Ethiopian Ministries of Transport. The Line will cut straight from Djibouti to Addis Ababa. Connecting to the A10 Harar Highway at the small town of Awash in a Junction and heading for Addis Ababa after a Junction with the A1 and A9 Highways. A10, A1, A9, A3, and B31 Highways for better Transportation around the Empire. The French will handle the entering toll and Ethiopia will handle the exiting toll, both governments will handle their tolls that inside of their borders.
Haile Selassie I International Airport Project
In 1960, Ethiopian Airlines realized the runway at Lidetta was too short for its new jet aircraft, the Boeing 720. Thus a new airport was built at Bole. By December 1962 the new runway and control tower were operational. This Month an expansion plan was announced for the airport.
This expansion will be done by three phases:
[list][*]Phase One: Adding a parallel runway.
[*]Phase Two: Construction of a brand new terminal with a large parking area, a shopping complex and restaurants.
[*]Phase Three: Construction of the 38 m control tower (double the height of the previous one) and installation of new electrical and fire-fighting equipment.[/list]
The present runway and the planned new runway are capable of handling the Boeing 720 and 727 aircrafts. The new parallel runway will connect by five entrances and exits to the present runway, which serves as a taxiway. The terminal will house a high tech security and baggage handling system built on more than 43,000 square meters of land. The terminal will also has banks and duty-free shops. The Architecture will be directed by the French company Atelier LWD.
https://i1.wp.com/www.busiweek.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Bole-Airport.jpg?resize=1000%2C600&ssl=1
This is a Planned Concept of the Airport once finished.
Teujira, Val Verde-, Otsla, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation
March 1963
Start of the Culture Conflicts(1963-1973)
|Executive Chairman Senghor shifted nervously in his seat, this would be the ambitious plan he would undertake in his Chairmanship, to completely restructure the very culture of West Africa, and create a new Syndicalist culture. Léopold knew he had to get up there and deliver the most convincing and ambitious speech he had ever given yet. The very future of the Federation and his plans depended on it whether he'd be just another despot of a reactionary state or the true leader of a workers state that championed its people. Léopold had been lost in thought for so long he hadn't noticed everyone was awaiting his speech. He stood up and approach the podium. He breathed in and began to speak.
Gentlemen of the Trade Union Congress, and workers of the nation. Many of you have sat with bated breath to wonder what my plans will be culturally for this great federation of ours. It's quite simple I offer you prosperity, freedom, and socialism. Prosperity, I will ensure the destruction of reactionary capitalism in our nation, many small, and medium-level shareholders slip through the cracks and steal the wealth off the back of their workers, and that will end under my leadership. I will bring you, the people, a living wage, financial security, and a future for your children. A full belly of food, and the luxuries a hard worker deserves. This is the prosperity I offer you today.
The crowd applauds and Senghor steps back before speaking again
I offer you freedom. Not the reactionary sense of freedom in which women, or minorities are oppressed, no I mean absolute freedom for every single worker in our nation. No longer will women be forced to stay in the house, or refused education, or genitally mutilated, or oppressed under the chains of a traditionalist leadership. A new Syndicalist Woman will arise from the ashes of the old. A true balance of worker, warrior, and homemaker, that will be the role of women in our new society.
A hush falls over the Congress, much less applause than before
Sexual and ethnic minorities will no longer fall under the oppression of a reactionary and oppressive culture. The homosexual has for a long time in our history been a proud part of our culture. Until our imperialist conquering by foreign nations, once they pushed their laws and agendas open us. If we are to truly build a new society we must abolish those chains that once held us. Now, the whites and yellows left in our country. There has been many debates on what to do with them, almost 500,000 to a million of them left over. We could kill them.
Gasps in the crowd, and minor grumbling over his previous points, Senghor chuckles
But truly what would that do for the nation? Hurt our revolution because we hate a man for their skin color? No! I say we need healing in our nation, to heal the divide between white and black, and black and Asian, and even black and blacks. We must develop a new culture beyond simple race and ethnic groups. We must develop a new West African Culture and Ethnicity. We must rally behind a new culture WEST AFRICA: MANY PEOPLES ONE CULTURE
The Congress erupts into rapturous applause, Senghor pauses for a moment, this was going much better than he had expected.
Now I have one final promise for you, Socialism. That one little word, inspired masses of workers, civilians, and farmers to rise and take back their nation, and their businesses, and their livelihoods. The industry which for too long has sat in the control of greedy kleptocratic capitalists will be turned back to the cooperative control of the workers. Our whole government will be structured around the Trade Union, as the truest representative of the working class. The Constitution which is based off of the flawed French one can no longer be used and must be rewritten. This is the socialism I promise you. A true socialism for every person.
Congress applauds loudly as Senghor departs to sit back in his seat, now he would just have to see how the civilian populace responds
|Immediately the press replayed the Chairmans speech across the nation, newspapers and public radios to mixed results. In Gbe, Sombaland, Songhai, Akan, Dyola, Kruland, Mandinka and Bambaraland the populace has been overwhelmingly positive with the Chairmans words, with praise, or apathy being common with most people. Azawad, Wolof, and Fulaniland have responded with violence, and protesting, with the Chairmans response to be considering military and police action to clamp down on counter revolutionaries. While protests have been allowed to continue, many wonder for how much longer, the situation in West Africa is tense, and the culture conflicts have begun.|
Teujira, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire, Council For Mutual Economic Assistance
[list][list]31st of May, 1962
ᴊᴜꜱᴛɪᴄᴇ ꜰᴏʀ ᴀ ᴍᴏᴜʀɴɪɴɢ ᴍᴏᴛʜᴇʀ!
𝕿𝖍𝖊 𝕰𝖎𝖈𝖍𝖒𝖆𝖓𝖓 𝕿𝖗𝖎𝖆𝖑
𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘓𝘢𝘴𝘵 𝘌𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘛𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘚𝘩𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘉𝘦 𝘋𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘺𝘦𝘥[/list][/list]
[sup]At the end of the 2nd World War, the trauma inflicted on the Jewish people at the hands of the Nazi regime still haunted the Jewish psyche. Friends, neighbours, brothers, sisters, fathers and mothers were murdered in cold blood and would never be seen again. Naturally, a great many jews left with only their hatred, wanting, no, demanding vengeance on all those who served or associated with Hitler's 'final solution' for the Jews. The hunt for Nazis has its origins during the end days of WW2, Jewish soldiers who served in the Allies formed a group known as the Nakam or The Avengers. The Nakam would take justice into their own hands, one of their biggest acts was the mass poisoning of SS soldier POWS in an American camp near Nuremberg. While SS officers who hid amongst the civilian populace were tracked down and assassinated. The Nakam compiled hit lists based on information secretly provided by sympathetic agents and testimony from Holocaust survivors. One of the most prioritized names on that hitlist was the infamous SS officer Adolf Eichmann. Jewish agents who worked in the intelligence unit of the Haganah were on the hunt for Eichmann, the hunt mainly focused in small villages in the Austrian Alps where many Nazis hid. The agents often exiled German-Jews themselves spoke fluent German and posed as Germans or Austrian citizens. One agent who hunted for Eichmann was Manos Diamant, who managed to infiltrate Eichmann's family befriending his children. However, Eichmann was nowhere to be found, and leads dried up. The hunt would have to be put off as more important matters were at hand, such as the independence of Israel and the subsequent war with the Arabs that came. By the late 50s', the superpowers of the world concerned themselves more with their Cold War than bringing Nazis to justice, thus Isser Harel, head of the Israeli Mossad re-opened the hunt for Eichmann and other Nazi war criminals.[/sup]
[sup]Only Israel made an official attempt to hunt down the criminals of the defeated Third Reich, with or without the support of other countries. Harel would use any information to deduce where Eichmann could be possibly hiding and if he was alive. Mossad hunted for Eichmann in Europe, Africa, and even Asia however, in March 1960, a secret communication arrived at Mossad HQ in Tel-Aviv from a Mossad agent operating in Argentina. The codeword, "The Driver is Red", was the message Isser Harrel had been waiting for. Agent Avi Aharoni who had been operating in Buenos Aires for years had been contacted by several sources who identified Eichmann. The SS officer Adolf Eichmann one of Hitler's chief architects of the Final Solution. Aharoni alongside others spent weeks confirming the identity of Eichmann, stalking him and taking pictures to compare to his old SS portrait pictures. Harel was fully convinced that this was their man, so he approached Prime Minister Ben-Gurion for approval of an operation to extract Eichmann, which was approved. Harel would select 20 men and 1 woman for the operation, every single one of these agents had lost someone in the Holocaust, thus they were fully committed to bringing Eichmann to justice. After weeks of preparing and planning, the kidnapping date was set to May 11th, 1960. Two getaway cars were set up, the driver was Aharoni, and in the backup car a Mossad doctor in case of an emergency. Agent Aharoni would pretend to look under the hood of his car as if he was fixing something, at 8:05 PM bus 203 arrived. The plan went into motion as Eichmann walked out of the bus and began walking down the sidewalk from his job. Agent Zavika Malkin saw Eichmann approaching the car and waited for him to get closer, but Aharoni spotted that Eichmann had one hand in his pocket, he warned Malkin to beware of a potential gun. Once Eichmann was close enough, Malkin closed the gap and uttered the only phrase in Spanish he knew, "Buenas Noches". Eichmann began backing away and at that point agent, Malkin took immediate action, using his martial arts skills he knocked out Eichmann in a single hit. Eichmann landed in a ditch and the Mossad agents immediately sacked him into the car and took him to their safehouse. There they would interrogate him to make sure he was their man. Eichmann was incredibly resistant to the interrogators, continually denying his identity, but Eichmann would ironically snitch on himself when a Mossad agent tricked him into revealing his identity by purposely getting his SS number wrong with 45381 when it was actually 45326. Eichmann corrected the Mossad agent which exposed him as their man, Adolf Eichmann. Eichmann realizing he had been tricked, admitted to his identity.[/sup]
[sup]Mossad wasted no time in extraditing Eichmann back to Israel. Near midnight on 20 May, Eichmann was sedated by an Israeli doctor on the Mossad team and dressed as a flight attendant. He was smuggled out of Argentina aboard the same El Al Bristol Britannia aircraft that had carried Israel's delegation. There was a tense delay at the airport while the flight plan was approved, then the plane took off for Israel, stopping in Dakar, Senegal to refuel. They arrived in Israel on 22 May, and Ben-Gurion announced his capture to the Knesset the following afternoon. Once in Israel, Eichmann was put in a fortified police station at Yagur, where he would spend 9 months. Due to the mass evidence against him, the Israelis were unwilling to trial him since many believed that the evidence spoke for itself and that Eichmann deserved to be executed immediately. However, Chief Inspector Avner Less of the national police chose to launch an investigation. Using documents provided primarily by Yad Vashem and Nazi hunter Tuviah Friedman, Less was often able to determine when Eichmann was lying or being evasive during interrogations. When additional information was brought forward that forced Eichmann into admitting what he had done, Eichmann would insist he was only following orders. Inspector Less eventually came to the conclusion that Eichmann did not seem to grasp what he'd had done, much less remorse about his crimes against the Jews. On the 11th of April, 1961, Eichmann's trial began before a special tribunal of the Jerusalem District Court. The legal basis of the charges against Eichmann was the 1950 Nazi and Nazi Collaborators Law under which he was indicted on 15 criminal charges, including crimes against humanity, war crimes, crimes against the Jewish people, and membership in a criminal organization. The trial was presided over by three judges: Moshe Landau, Benjamin Halevy, and Yitzhak Raveh. The chief prosecutor was Israeli Attorney General Gideon Hausner, assisted by Deputy Attorney General Gabriel Bach and Tel Aviv District Attorney Yaakov Bar-Or. The defense team consisted of German lawyer Robert Servatius, legal assistant Dieter Wechtenbruch, and Eichmann himself.[/sup]
[sup]The trial was heavily televised and broadcast internationally, intended to educate about the crimes committed against Jews, which had been secondary to the Nuremberg trials. The Mossad also intended it as a show of their abilities to their enemies. During the trial, Eichmann was quick to deflect from questions or simply repeat what many other Nazi war criminals said, that they were simply bound by the Hitler Oath to follow orders. Robert Servatius would represent Eichmann, however, before he was appointed to defend Eichmann, Mossad investigated the history of Servatius, and found nothing which greatly troubled the investigators. But as the trial went on, it became clear to Servatius that Eichmann would not be able to pay him, thus the Israeli Government would foot the bill. Eventually, the trial after much tribulation comes to its natural conclusion. Eichmann was charged with fifteen counts of violating the law and sentenced to death via hanging. Servatius attempted to appeal to the court but was rejected. Eichmann was to be hanged at a prison in Ramla hours. The hanging, scheduled for midnight at the end of 31 May but ended up happing the next day technically due to a delay. On the execution a small group of officials, media, and jews who personally had vendettas against Eichmann were present. Eichmann would be executed with the method of hanging being a style that delayed death. Although this would not be mentioned in the news. Once dead, his body would be cremated, to sh*t on him further, the Israeli Navy would dump his ashes into the Mediterranean sea unceremoniously.[/sup]
Teujira, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Puerto Somoza, Gay Trash, Malian Imperial Federation, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire, Council For Mutual Economic Assistance
[pre]Year of the Water Rabbit
1963 | April 16[/pre]
死于非命!
[sub]Death From Above![/sub]
The Chinese government, having received Ho Chi Minh's request for an airstrike on the city, was only too willing to carry out a massive air raid on Hanoi in compliance with his request.
The 5th Aviation Corps, located in the Kunming Military District, was activated to carry out two primary operations, defined as following:
[list]
[*]The establishment and maintenance of air superiority over Vietnam.
[*]The conduction of a strategic bombing campaign over Hanoi and its environs that would cripple the military formations and infrastructure in the city.
[/list]
The accomplishment of the first phase of this plan began on the 14th of April, immediately after fighter jets from the 44th Air Division were mobilised to assist with the campaign. These jets had already been placed on high alert, in preparation for the planned Chinese intervention in the Lao Civil War.
At 1700 on the 14th of April, a Chinese fighter battlegroup of 12 Chengdu J-8 fighters, highly modern aircraft comparable in performance to newer French and American fighters designed to serve in the air superiority role. These fighters would quickly establish an aerial quarantine zone with its four extremities at Dien Bien Phu, Dong Van, Ninh Binh and Lang Son, using their longer range weaponry such as the brand-new PL-1 missiles, derived from Soviet K-13s and with increased payload, and their unguided rockets as well as their cannon to engage Vietnamese Air Force aircraft, primarily T-28s, from greater distance than that at which Vietnamese Air Force aircraft's weaponry are effective.
In accordance with Chinese air doctrine, the FAC radar station at Wenshan would be used to identify and locate these targets for the fighter pilots, who mostly fired their armaments on command of air controllers, without actually sighting their enemies from up close.
This had devastating effect on the T-28s being used to strafe Viet Minh positions, whose machine guns and cannon were completely ineffective against the Mach 2-capable J8s, which were able to decimate these aircraft and establish a no-fly zone for Vietnamese aircraft in preparation for the bombing runs.
These bombing runs would be carried out primarily in two parts: the first phase, carried out by fighter-bombers armed with precision munitions and targeting strategic sites, and the second phase, targeting the city at large to spread fear as well as damaging infrastructure.
Phase I of the bombing campaign began with the use of Nanchang Q-5 fighter bombers, which each carried 10 FAB-500 HE bombs (radio-controlled) in addition to 3000kg of unguided ordnance. They would target key sites including:
[list]
[*]Railway terminuses, airstrips, port facilities
[*]Bridges and major roads leading southward out of the city
[*]Military bases
[*]Command HQ of the IAVN in Hanoi
[/list]
This would be the PLAAF's second major use of PGMs in war, after their use in the Korean War as part of the PVAAF. They would display similar efficacy here, with the high-explosive ordnance landing multiple direct hits on key targets with an accuracy of 70%. The unguided munitions would have a much more disperse effect, largely serving to spread terror through psychological warfare among the residents of the city.
This terror would be supplemented by Phase II of the air raid, which would be conducted by PLAAF H-7 strategic bombers. 5 such aircraft would be escorted by 2 pairs of MiG-21bis interceptors over Hanoi, and would each drop their load of 19,000 kg of high explosive, which was mostly iron bombs. Rather than targeting any particular sites, these would be dispersed over the city as part of a bombing effort that would seek to damage the city but also the spirits of its residents. MiGs would swoop down in pairs and pick off exposed tanks and infantry formations with their unguided rockets and cannon, firing a mixture of AP and anti-infantry rounds.
The campaign would prove to be a major success for the PLAAF, with its pilots reporting multiple kills of IAVN units as well as high rates of objective completion while destroying targets. The J8s would continue to maintain a no-fly zone over the area outlined, severely restricting the ability of the Vietnamese Air Force to conduct strafing operations on Viet Minh troops. These VM troops would also receive limited close air support provided by 12 Q-5s of the 44th Aviation Division, that would far outstrip the T-28s fielded by the Vietnamese Air Force qualitatively. Although effective, their overall relevance would be restricted by the limited number of sorties flown, as these aircraft would be needed more sorely in the conflict in Laos.
[spoiler=Mentions]Waclia[/spoiler]
Teujira, Val Verde-, Otsla, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Gay Trash, Malian Imperial Federation, Austreylia, Council For Mutual Economic Assistance
[sub]28 May 1962[/sub]
[sup]Swedish Internationalism[/sup]
Bill No. 1962:100 passed by parliament forming the Agency for International Assistance (NIB)
The two chambers of the Swedish parliament have passed Bill No. 1962:100, tabled by Prime Minister Tage Erlander in March. The bill, part of the party program adopted at the 1960 Social Democratic Workers' Party Congress, developed guidelines for the "Swedish development aid policy" and presented a number of projects. Chief among these was the establishment of the Agency for International Assistance or the NIB, which will be given the responsibility of managing and granting funding in support of development initiatives that "contributed to meeting the goals of international development". The passed bill will also see the government's allocation for development aid in the budget for the next fiscal year rise from 52 million SEK to 150 million SEK or approximately 10 million USD and 30 million USD respectively. The bill additionally sets an official goal of spending at minimum 1% of the national GDP on development aid by the year 1970.
Explaining the motivations behind the proposed bill and its contents in the Riksdag when he first tabled it, Tage Erlander stated "Swedish aid to the poor peoples does not require any other motivation than that which is rooted in feelings of moral duty and international solidarity, in our view of human dignity and equality . . . Swedish development aid is also in line with our general foreign policy efforts to contribute to equalization and greater understanding between peoples."
Teujira, Otsla, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Gay Trash, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
[list]CHARLES DE GAULLE, French President: 'Yes, of course. We have worked to establish strong economic ties since 1952, and I would hate to see those be thrown out by Prime Minister Togliatti and his government in the pursuance of Italian command economic self-dependence in an era of an increasingly interlinked Europe.'[/list]
Gaia Major
[list]MAY 1962
BAGHDAD, MASHRIQ MIDDLE EAST[/list]
[list][list][sub][pre]!دولة قوية و عادلة
Strong & Just Nation!
THE ARAB POLITICAL AWAKENING - ENDING SYKES & PICOT[/pre][/sub]
[/list][/list]
[list][sub]The deep rooted historical struggles between the Kings and then Republicans of the Arab Mashriq had discreetly reemerged to trouble the rulers in Baghdad. This did not, however, arrive in the form of violent outspoken protests, as it had so many times before, for the Mashriq was eerily quiet and tranquil. These historical struggles creeped through the whispers of army officers in the barracks, civilians in tea houses and the discrete writings of the Minister of Development, Fuad Al-Rikabi, who wrote on the 4th May 1962: soon the order will be given and we will become the agents of the Arab nation embracing the two rivers. Minister Al-Rikabi, a member of the Baath Party, had helped construct an clandestine network of anti-Qasem Arab nationalists, beginning in October 1959, and with the heavy support of the Istikhbarat. Abdel Karim Qasem and Mashriqi military intelligence swiftly began arresting known Arab nationalists, beginning in the mid 1960s in an attempt to break down and demoralize pan-Arab sympathies in civil society and in the armed forces. This took the form of the demotion of certain officers who were seen as holding immense power while possessing inadequate loyalty to Qasems regionalist vision. In other cases, many were forcefully arrested and subject to physical abuse, among them, the prominent lawyer Abdel Rahman Al-Bazzaz, another pan-Arabist and supporter of the failed 1941 anti-Hashemite coup led by Rashid Al-Kaylani. Al-Bazzaz spoke openly in favour of Mashriqi membership in the United Arab Republic through his prolific writings, which numbered almost twelve books, covering topics such law, Mashriqi history, Islam and the necessity of Arab nationalism. Through this he was able to influence a considerable portion of intellectuals and legal professionals, influence which extended to the level of the country's newspapers, whos journalists often included excerpts from his books and his criticisms of military rule. After being tortured, Al-Bazzaz managed to escape using contacts in the underground Baath movement, which passed him on to UAR intelligence in the Syria Region. He arrived in Damascus in late-1961 and continued to speak against Qasems alliance with the Mashriqi Communists and dictatorial style of leadership, actions he conducted with the personal approval of Jamal Abdel Nasser and the Minister of Interior, Mohammed Najib. They decided that Al-Bazzaz should be the public face of the revolution against Qasem, owing to his record as a dedicated and well known writer, his background as a lawyer and most importantly, his lack of affiliation with the military in Mashriq. Najib explained in detail to Nasser, that the Mashriqi military with its political divisions and largely-Sunni orientation, could not sufficiently form a stable platform to govern any future Mashriq Region. The best possible outcome therefore, was to rely on civilian governance, which Najib strongly asserted, would be welcomed by a vast majority of Mashriqi civilians, who had lived under repressive military rule since the end of the Hashemite Kingdom in 1958. Therefore a new addition to the anti-Qasem plot was added, with the creation of a pre-recorded speech of Abdel Rahman Al-Bazzaz declaring that Qasem had been killed during the seizure of Baghdad by pan-Arab officers. In the spirit of psychological warfare, it was planned to broadcast the speech from radio facilities close to the border, with the purpose of demoralizing and misleading resistance to the coup's movements, during the early hours of the operation. The proposal was met with approval of the covert nationalist cells in Mashriq including Colonel Abdel Wahhab Al-Shawaf in Mosul and Colonel Rifaat Haj Al-Sirri in Baghdad.[/sub]
[sub]But Abdel Karim Qasem still remained in his provocative posturing, encouraging his Marxist allies to rally in the city of Mosul to intimidate political dissidents. Some 250,000 members of the Mashriqi Communist Party paraded through the city on the 11th May 1962, and while the procession remained peaceful, Colonel Al-Shawaf had wanted to capitalize on the political tensions caused by the rally to consolidate Arab nationalists in Mosul. Sure enough Nasser sympathizers responded by holding their own rallies which resulted in the first clashes between the Marxists and pan-Arabists on the 12th of May. This reached its peak when a restaurant owned by a Nasser sympathizer was burnt down by members of the Communist Party during the clashes and rumours circulated that Qasem would allow sympathetic Kurdish tribes the right to join the Marxists and crush the Arab nationalists. The Colonel then sent a message to Baghdad, requesting permission to use his forces to restore order in the city, to which he was given an ambiguous answer. It was unclear if that answer was deliberately indecisive as a sign of support to the actions of the Communist Party or a signal that the military leadership did not have a full grasp or understanding of the situation. Regardless of the true reason, Al-Shawaf indicated to the remainder of the anti-Qasem network his intention to initiate the overthrow of the regime in Baghdad. From the 13th of May until the 15th, as the first casualties of the political clashes in Mosul emerged, the plotters prepared to spring into action. Beginning with the overpowering of opposition forces in Mosul, which came on the 17th, as Al-Shawaf levied the support of thousands of Shammar tribespeople who travelled northwards to Mosul, as to help liquidate the Marxist presence. Kamil Al-Kazanshi, the leader of the Communist Party in Mosul was arrested alongside many of his supporters, the city's radio station was also seized alongside the Mosul Bridge across the Tigris River and the local military base which controlled critical communication lines to Baghdad and northern Mashriq. Communication to the headquarters of the army in Baghdad and the political leadership would come under the manipulation of the revolutionaries, who passed on false information to create the illusion of normality. Through this, the ability of a loyalist response to liquidate their enemies in Mosul would be severely delayed, perhaps even compromised. Simultaneously, he used such an important source of control to call upon anti-Kurdish military officers to the north of Mosul, disaffected with the cease-fire linked to Qasems alliance with the Barzani Clan, to join the Arab revolution. Those who obliged dispatched resources to the heart of the uprising in Mosul, others began to displace positions of Kurdish militias close to the stale frontline, exacting revenge for the humiliating Arab-Kurdish coexistence imposed by Qasem. The consolidation of Mosul was thus completed, when the flag of the United Arab Republic was raised above the old city citadel, in a powerful symbolic gesture, raising morale and clearly outlining the ideological cause of the coup.[/sub]
[sub]By the 21st of May, the true severity of the situation in Mosul reached the government and civilians of Baghdad. The situation was tremendously chaotic, as the speed of Al-Shawafs actions caught Qasem off guard, likely due to the delay in communication between the city itself and the capital. The loyalists lacked sufficient information on the situation, such as the military formations involved in the uprising, if the airforce and navy also were playing a role and who was responsible. Therefore, they couldnt rely on forces closer to Mosul to formulate an adequate response, and therefore had to reorganize formations from elsewhere to accomplish such. This gave Al-Shawaf ample time to continue his push against Qasem. By sending the bulk of the forces under his command downwards along the axis of the Mosul-Baghdad Road, through the historic city of Samarra, and territory dominated by the pro-coup Shammar tribe. A squadron of Gloster Javelin fighters, belonging to the United Arab Airforce, but brandishing markings of the Mashriqi Airforce, was sent from Dier Al-Zawr air base to destroy the radio headquarters of the army in Baghdad. The raid was a strategic success, catching the loyalist airforce off guard with the technical prowess of the aircraft, which was unlike anything in Mashriqi possession. In response, Qasem ordered Hawker Sea Furies to raid Mosul on the 23rd of May, which itself caused significant damages to the military barracks and radio equipment in the possession of the plotters. During this sporadic time the Baathist hit-squad, which had been studying the movements of Abdel Karim Qasem between his residence and Ministry of Defence for several months, were ordered to prematurely assassinate Qasem. This was originally planned to occur during the uprising of Al-Sirri in Baghdad which had yet to materialize, however Al-Shawaf had insisted it take place as quickly as possible to regain the initiative in the light of the loyalist air attacks. As a result, full preparations were not accounted for and Saddam Hussein, the leader of the hit-squad, only managed to injure Qasem. Not due to a bullet, but due to the sound caused by his faulty pistol which shocked the Mashriqi leaders chauffeur into a vehicular accident. Nonetheless, Saddam reported that the operation was successful, which was followed on the same day by the commencement of Al-Bazzazs pre-made speech. He announced that he spoke for the whole nation, that Qasem had been killed and that Baghdad was in the hands of nationalists and populists wishing to restore us to the Arab nation. With this, the Baghdad-based military cell under Colonel Rifaat Haj Al-Sirri, began its operations and seized the remains of Baghdad's communication hardware, blockaded the Ministry of Defence and swiftly arrested the national cabinet. Resistance to these actions was largely futile, due to the confusion over Qasems supposed death, however also because of the profane memories of the bloody siege of Baghdad during the Iraqi Hashemite discord. For the regular soldier and civilian, the torment of that event and the deaths of thousands as a direct result of it, dissuaded them from armed actions. Fuad Al-Rikabi, who had been arrested with the rest of the cabinet was released later that evening, and immediately went to congratulate Al-Sirri and Al-Shawaf, the latter of which arrived into the city soon after. Baghdad had been captured, and the immediate stages of the coup had been completed successfully with the release of Abdel Salim Arif and Rashid Al-Kaylani from imprisonment. Jamal Abdel Nasser had been transported to Syria Region to observe the unfolding situation, alongside Abdel Rahman Al-Bazzaz, Abdullah Rimawi and Suleyman Al-Nabulsi, who had also helped foster popular support for the coup through Baathist propaganda in Jordan. For Nasser especially this was his vengeance, as he supported Qasems own coup against King Hussein in 1958, under the impression that he would join the United Arab Republic. Qasem did not, a decision which in Nassers eyes constituted a grave betrayal both on the ideological and personal level. Now the task of political integration befalls the Mashriq and the Arab people of that state, as a new 'National Salvation Council' replaces the previous governing military council as an interim authority.[/sub][/list]
Teujira, Otsla, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Gay Trash, Malian Imperial Federation, Austreylia
Giovanni Lorne:Yes indeed we need Italy to have strong economic ties which is what is happening best way is to make sure he doesnt go out of line and try to arrange a back up plan for the economy because the welfare of our citizens is important and also is having a strong sturdy military and in the current climate of the Cold War anything could happenGiovanni Replied.
Czabalkia, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, -Ethiopian Empire
Australian Republic, South Australia, Adelaide City - May 1st, 1963 | 19:21
Athol Townley, Defence Minister for President Menzies' cabinet, is leaving a dinner party held by the Adelaide Republican Club, a major financial contributor to the Republican Democratic Party. He is accompanied by several friends and acquaintances, but just one bodyguard. Upon leaving the Republican Club building, he is approached by news reporters and journalists, asking questions regarding the rumoured deployment of yet more "advisors" to Southeast Asia - more specifically; Viet Nam. The crowd of journalists follows Townley and his entourage down the street, barking questions which largely go unanswered, save for acknowledgments, backhanded by a friendly refusal to comment. One group of three journalists, working for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, are recording with a video camera.
As the haggle approaches Townley's waiting Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith, a young man pushes his way through the crowd. He is thought to be a journalist, and goes unchallenged. In actuality, the man is 21-year-old George Black, an avowed communist and opponent of Australian deployment to S.E. Asia. As Townley begins to get into his car, Black produces a six-shot Webley revolver. He fires all six .455 rounds at Townley, with four of them striking him in the back. Members of Townley's entourage and some journalists tackle Black, beating him and restraining him until police arrive. Meanwhile, Townley is pulled into the Rolls-Royce and is raced to Adelaide General Infirmary. He is unconscious throughout the journey, before being pronounced dead on arrival to the hospital.
Rolling A.B.C. news cameras captured the entirety of the incident, including the citizens arrest of the assassin. The unedited footage is included in the eight o'clock news bulletin that night, causing shock and outrage across Australia, including among opposition parties and more moderate socialists...
-
[I]Defence Minister Townley shot and killed[/I] - A.B.C. 8 o'clock news
[I]"Athol Townley, Minister of Defence, has been shot and killed tonight after leaving a function in Adelaide. Townley had just left an event hosted by the Adelaide Republican Club, and was walking along Havering Street to his waiting car, accompanied by a crowd of journalists and several friends. As the crowd reached the car, an assailant wielding a revolver stepped forward from the crowd and shot the Minister six times in the back. The crowd of journalists as well as several of Townley's acquaintances restraint the perpetrator until police arrived, while Townley was rushed to Adelaide General Infirmary.[/I]
[I]...Upon arrival to the hospital, Townley was pronounced dead. The assailant has been identified as a 21-year-old communist-sympathiser by the name of George Black. Black is currently in police custody, and reportedly had to be treated for injuries sustained whilst being restrained by the crowd. President Menzies has made an official statement condemning the killing, as well as praising Townley's tenure as Defence Minister. He also mentioned that "this senseless assassination, whatever its motive, will not alter Australian foreign policy in relation to Eastern Asia".[/I]
Teujira, Otsla, Not Xav, Kiger, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Puerto Somoza, Gay Trash, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
[list][list]BATTLE AT BAFOUSSAM!
14 April thru 19 April 1963 - Bafoussam, West Province, Kingdom of Bongo[/list][/list]
| At Bafoussam, only twenty six miles from the border with the Republic of the Ambazonia, an armored detachment of two M4 Shermans and four M8 Greyhounds arrives early in the morning on 14 April after being dispatched by West Front Leader Field Marshal Friedrich Marie Ngwewe-Bongo to look for reported communist insurgents in the area. The small mechanized company, under the command of Commandant Thomas Léguinéo, enters the town and quickly begins going door-to-door throughout the center city asking citizens directly if they have seen any communists nearby in the past few days. Two hours of searching yields no fruits, and as such, they decide instead to maintain an imposing presence outside of the town hall to discourage any communist assaults. |
| At the end of the day, without orders to do so, Commandant Léguinéo orders his men to withdraw from the town and return to garrison, radioing back to base that there is 'no immediate threat' to the city and its people. As they begin to start their vehicles and pull out through the eastern roads, they come under heavy and surprised assault by militants in the roads who, armed with RPG-2s and other anti-tank weapons, unload fire upon the convoy. Immediately, one of the M4 Shermans is completely disabled, its engine being destroyed by an RPG-2 blast nearby. Bringing the convoy to a direct halt, Léguinéo issues immediate orders for his unit to reverse towards the Chefferie Park, an easily defensible position towards the very southeastern most edge of the city. Retreating with haste, the armored vehicles form a circle in the middle of the park, which is then surrounded by a line of the roughly 80 infantrymen attached to them. There, they prepare to defend against a potential communist assault while waiting for reinforcements from base. |
| Overnight, three waves of guerillas assault the park. Largely armed with MAS-36s and AK-47s, the guerrillas put up a sturdy fight each time against the Bongolese Royals, but each time are repelled, sustaining minor casualties each time. Each time the communists withdraw, they leave behind their dead to die in the streets, either from blood loss or from being picked off by Army snipers. After the third assault between 2AM and 2:30AM, the communists cease their assaults for the remainder of the night, opting to spend the night regrouping and aiding in the mobilization of local reserve fighters imbedded among members of the city's communist political underground. In times of need since the start of the Bongolese Civil War in mid-1962, the Bongolese National Liberation Front has found itself relying very easily on local 'reservist' fighters to come to the aid of the 'professional' guerrilla forces, these reservists comprising of civilians by day who pick up arms when the fight comes to them. Bafoussam, in the far west of the country, is home to a very large non-Bantu population, excluded by the Bantu government of the House of Ngwewe-Bongo, ripe for communist subversion. |
| The following morning, the Bongolese Royals attempt to break out from the park by making a swift withdrawal south to Bandjoun. A squad of five riflemen are sent to scour the roads leading out of the city, finding that the rebels had established barricades in the main roads overnight. The information is relayed back to the rest of the armored column in the park, stopping their preparation dead in their tracks. Throughout the day, a crowd of anti-government locals gather around the edges of the park to throw insults, and stones, at the soldiers and their tanks. The men occasionally fire warning shots, but little more than that. A Bongolese Royal Air Force D.520 performs a reconnaissance search over the area in the early afternoon, showing that the main roads leading south, east, and west had all been blocked with barricades. Only the roads to the north, leading towards areas with known active insurgencies, were left open, undoubtedly to try to force the armored infantry into a kill zone. Rather than attempt a breakout, the men decide to wait out the next night, radioing a mayday call to any available nearby units for immediate assistance the next day. |
| Throughout the night, the Royals come under fire from not only DP-28 machine guns and smaller rifles, but of multiple infantry mortars from outside of the city. With their position completely zoned in, the armored column decides a breakout is the only possible path to avoid their own demise. Shortly after midnight, with the remaining M4 Sherman leading the way, they begin to head down the main southbound road. The infantrymen walk in between the vehicles, with about fifteen men between each vehicle. When they encounter the southern barricade, the M4 fires a round from its cannon at it, blasting it apart. Quickly, the armored convoy starts to leave the city limits and exit to the countryside. However, about an hour out of the city, halfway between Bafoussam and Bandjoun, they are attacked by a force of nearly 200 to 300 communist guerillas in an ambush. |
| As fire engulfs the convoy, the vehicles are riddled with .50 caliber rounds and rocket propelled grenades. The M8s and the remaining M4 try to utilize their heavy armaments against the rebels, but are hopelessly overwhelmed. The infantrymen, sensing an imminent defeat, break rank and begin to retreat, throwing down their weapons and running back towards the city. By dawn the next day, the few remaining squads of Bongolese soldiers are all either captured or shot as they attempt to flee. |
| The communist guerillas make a triumphant ride back into Bafoussam upon Ford trucks with Tachanka-style machine gun beds drawn behind them. The Royal POWs are paraded from the beds of the trunks, held in bondage as the spoils of war for the BNLF. The leader of the Bongolese armored column, Commandant Léguinéo, has his bullet-ridden corpse dragged along the back of one of the trucks in the service of the BNLF. In all, of the 100 tankers and infantrymen that had been sent to Bafoussam, only 13 remain uncaptured, hiding in the city, the rest all dead, dying, or captured. Additionally, after ambushing the column outside of the city, the BNLF had managed to seize one of the M8 Greyhounds left largely unharmed in the fighting for their own personal use, towing it back into the city with them. |
| The BNLF victory, however, is incredibly short lived. Having earlier received the mayday call issued by the 3rd Company over the radio to government forces, a government-aligned militia group known as the National Task Force Against Homosexuality in Bongo and its commander, General Hog Wild, have spent the last day moving south from Lake Bamendjing to Bafoussam. Numbering nearly 850, the NTFH-B storms into the city armed with little more than antiquated rifles, muskets, and even swords. General Hog Wild, the alias of former Roman Catholic Priest-turned-warlord Julian Ambibe Obangu Clemenceau, personally leads his soldiers into battle. Father Clemenceau, famed among radical Catholics across Bongo, had become a warlord after being excommunicated by the Catholic Church for his issuing of orders for extrajudicial killings of indigenous animists, leading an organization known as the Bongolese Ministry of Sexual Health and Spiritual Wellness pretending to be a legitimate branch of the government of the Kingdom. While completely unaffiliated with the government, General Hog Wild has led his NTFH-B to successes against communist forces in the hotly contested highlands, and seeks to drive the BNLF out of Bafoussam. |
| The fighting between the BNLF and the NTFH-B is fierce, and lasts nearly three days. The NTFH-B suffers heavy casualties, often being gunned down while charging machine gunned positions with bayonets and other melee weapons. Father Clemenceau, overseeing the battle from atop a white steed with a sword in hand. However, through sheer determination and force in numbers, the NTFH-B eventually manages to capture most of the city and route the BNLF from the city entirely. As the BNLF retreats to the north back into the highlands, they are pursued by the NTFH-B, who chase them off into the mountains, leaving the city a smoking ruin in their wake. |
| Members of the Bongolese Airborne Infantry are airlifted into the city two weeks later, finding the city still recovering from the small but fierce fighting which had occured within its limits. In the two weeks since the end of the fighting and the arrival of reinforcements, the remaining survivors of the original 3rd Company had all been lynched by BNLF supporters in the city, their decomposing bodies being left to rot in the spring sun in the park where they had put up the staunchest defense of the battle. The Bongolese Airborne Infantry cut down the decomposing remains and bury them in the park before eventually deciding the city to be 'one of lawlessness, chaos, and Godlessness' and filing back into their Alouette IIs to return to base. |
| In all, the communist presence at Bafoussam had been discovered and routed, but not by the utterly decimated forces of the Royal Bongolese Army, who were all cut down to nearly the last man. Declaring Bafoussam a lost cause, King Julius Ngwewe-Bongo orders Bongolese Air Force bombers to bombard the city in the days after the retreat of the airborne infantry, resulting in the deaths of nearly 500 additional civilians well after the conclusion of the fighting. General Hog Wild, pursuing the BNLF forces, marches the NTFH-B well into the highlands, his forces going off the grid once again as they make their way through the peaks and dense forests of the west. Bafoussam, for its part, is near completely wiped off the map from the fighting and the ensuing bombardment, forcing many civilians to be displaced and flee to other communities in Bongo and across the border in Ambazonia. |
| Bafoussam is not the first battle in the Bongolese Civil War, nor will it be the last; nonetheless, it is a testament of the brutality and incompetence of the civil war, and a sign of the destruction to come as the war between the royal government and the Bongolese National Liberation Front escalates. |
Teujira, Otsla, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Puerto Somoza, Gay Trash, Malian Imperial Federation, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire
[list]CHARLES DE GAULLE, French President: 'Well, Mr. President, what exactly do you have in mind?'[/list]
Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Gay Trash, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire, Italian Democracy
May 1963
|Two men huddled and hugged close together in their home, they could hear the screaming and cheering outside, and people banging on the door. They knew it was over, their lives would finally come to an end. They looked into each others eyes
I love you
I love you too
Just then the door finally broke down as members of the crowd grabbed the men dragging them out kicking and screaming.
The men were dragged to the central square of the small village, being beaten, flogged, kicked, and spit on the whole time. A Muslim Imam stood in the center of the town, he quoted the Quran condemning the two men as homosexuals, and quoting the destruction of lot, and the call for the death penalty upon homosexuals. 4 members of the community validated and substantiated the claim of the two men having been together, this was enough evidence to seal their fates in accordance with traditional Islamic law. The men were sentenced to death by hanging. The crowd cheered and grabbed the men kicking and beating them dragging them to a nearby tree where their bodies were subsequently hung, and then burned alive.
Across West Africa this has become a common scene with many reactionary groups taking out violent revenge upon gays, women, and minorities, this is done as a violent protest against the governments recent protections granted to traditionally abused groups. The Government has yet to respond, and many wonder if Senghor's plans of cultural reform will be cut short to protect national and federal stability.
Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Gay Trash, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire
Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, -Ethiopian Empire
| 𝐍𝐄𝐔𝐄𝐒 𝐃𝐄𝐔𝐓𝐒𝐂𝐇𝐋𝐀𝐍𝐃 |
Berlin Last month, crowds gathered near Alexanderplatz in Berlin for an impromptu celebration over news from Southeast Asia, where the Viet Minh have launched a major offensive in the struggle for Vietnamese Liberation. The Politburo of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party immediately began making preparations for aid to be sent to the Comrades fighting in Vietnam. Now, the SED is collaborating with the German Red Cross to collect blood donations all over the GDR, which will be sent to help the Viet Minh's wounded fighters. The citizens of the GDR know themselves to be in solidarity with their brothers and sisters in Vietnam, friendship!
Simultaneously, the following communique would be sent to the Viet Minh via secure diplomatic back-channels:
[list][pre]----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The GDR is prepared to send Military Attachés and logistics officers to assist and train Viet Minh forces.
We eagerly await notice at the embassy in Beijing as to whether such assistance is desired at this time.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[/pre][/list]
[spoiler=𝘗𝘳𝘰𝘭𝘦𝘵𝘢𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘳 𝘓𝘢̈𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳, 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘪𝘨𝘵 𝘦𝘶𝘤𝘩!
𝘝𝘰̂ 𝘴𝘢̉𝘯 𝘵𝘰𝘢̀𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦̂́ 𝘨𝘪𝘰̛́𝘪, đ𝘰𝘢̀𝘯 𝘬𝘦̂́𝘵 𝘭𝘢̣𝘪!]
Play me! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4h95NABZTnc&ab_channel=OktoberklubBerlin[/spoiler]
Ping: Waclia, Gaia Major
Otsla, Waclia, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Gay Trash, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
[list][list]THE FRONT CANNOT BE MAINTAINED!
[pre]2 May 1963 - Imperial City, Special Province of Huế City, Imperial State of Vietnam[/pre][/list][/list]
| The efforts to hold back the Viet Minh assault throughout northern Vietnam has proven an absolute failure. Even now, after so much painstaking effort on the part of the Bao Dai Emperor to stabilize the war, militants have staged attacks as far south as even Huế, the capital of the Imperial State. The Imperial Armed Forces of Viet Nam, hopelessly unprepared for such a massive confrontation on a total scale within the country's borders, have proven more than inept at maintaining the front lines. The air bombardment of the northern military capital of Hanoi by the People's Liberation Army Air Force has reduced the strategic effectiveness of the IAFVN to naught, and resulted in the deaths of tens of thousands of civilians and military personnel alongside the destruction of one of Vietnam's three 'Monoliths', alongside Huế City and Saigon. Combat casualties for the IAFVN are reported to be nearing 10,000 or more, and almost all of the cities bordering the P.R.C. and northern Laos, with the exception of Móng Cái, have fallen to the Viet Minh and their Pathet Lao/PLA allies. |
| While the V and IV Corps had been mobilized, they have found themselves rushing to the beat, being defeated time and again by the Viet Minh. With the Imperial Vietnamese Air Force completely neutralized, air superiority over northern Vietnam has been handed decisively to the Viet Minh, limiting the IAFVN's ability to support and resupply isolated units. The best example of this, the still ongoing Hà Giang Heights, has seen the Ranger force there completely cut off from not only the ground, but also the air, their firing base atop the mountains being completely subject to assault after tormenting assault, fighting to the last man. Other such isolated units have essentially been trapped from any hope of support, left to either die in their posts or attempt a breakthrough, often in vain. The Vietnamese Navy, despite proving successful in keeping Móng Cái occupied and resupplied, is far too small and geographically irrelevant to effectively turn the tides of war. The HMRS Lý Thường Kiệt, an aging Courbet-Class Battleship sold to Vietnam for cheap in late 1953, is moored off the coast of Móng Cái to continue providing fire support for IAVN infantry and INVN Marines on the ground in and around the city. |
| Today, as most every day, the Head Council gathers in its office within the Imperial Palace. Exactly at the chime of 9:00AM, the various ministers enter the office of the Council, where they find the Emperor sitting at the head of the table. He is obviously worn. The Ministers bow and, one by one, sit. The Prime Minister sits first, followed by the rest of the government. Once seated, they bow their heads again in reverence before allowing the Emperor the first word. |
[list]BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'I am ... extremely disappointed at the state of the Armed Forces at this time. The unpreparedness of the military forces of the Imperial State have not only jeopardized the territorial sovereignty of the Empire, but the very existence of the Empire as it exists. Even now, communist insurgents are at our very doorstep, only miles from the halls of government within which we are seated. Khe Sanh, our main line of defense on the border, has fallen. You can hear the fighting from the Palace courtyard, and throughout the Empire, there is disorder, chaos, and fear. Today, after long deliberation and days of consideration, I have decided that, immediately, General Dương Văn Minh is dismissed from his position as Minister of Defense of the Imperial State, and order his immediate resignation from the Imperial Armed Forces of Vietnam. I will allow General Minh to retain his rank and all military honors and decorations bestowed upon him in his service to the Imperial State, but I will not tolerate failure on such a systemic level. General Minh, exit the chamber now.'[/list]
| Minh rises, bows, and begins to walk out of the chamber. As he turns and takes the first few steps, he is met by Palatial guardsmen, who grab his arms and forcefully throw him out of the chamber. In his stead enters Deputy Minister Cao Văn Viên, a Brigadier General of the Imperial Army. He gives the standard reverence before taking the seat formerly held by Minister Minh. |
[list]BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'With that out of the way, I would like to begin a review of the general situation. Per the wartime emergency policy planning initiative, as you all know, I've already received this morning's briefings. I wish to make it extremely clear - the front cannot be maintained. Despite my unwillingness and hesitancy in making this statement, the near complete obliteration of Hanoi by the Chinese Air Forces has convinced me that it may be only a matter of two weeks, maybe three, until the entire V Corps Military District falls. Therefore, I wish for a general retreat order to be issued to Brigadier General Trầm Thế Dũng from the V Corps District into the territory of the IV Corps District. It is pressing that we not continue attempts to solidify a frontline which is completely untenable, and will fall regardless of our efforts. We should focus the efforts of both the V Corps and the IV Corps into defending a defensible position spanning from Mường Xén
Village directly to the coast, and rebuff their efforts with additional anti-aircraft batteries in order to ensure the Chinese Air Forces are kept at bay.'
CAO VAN VIEN, Vietnamese Defense Minister: 'Your Majesty, what of the encircled positions that would be completely abandoned? Móng Cái, Hà Giang - the front at Điện Biên Phủ and Sơn La has yet to even so much as waver. I agree with your assessment, humbly, that much of the north will fall within the coming weeks, however shall this retreat simply leave them to their fates?'[/list]
| The Emperor looks around at various points on a map of Vietnam stretched out on the table before him. |
[list]BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'I desire that the forces at Móng Cái be allowed to remain at their positions for as long as possible, with the support of the Imperial Navy. It is a particularly viable thorn in the side of the Reds . . . the forces in the Sơn La Corridor are to retreat from their positions, fully, in coordination with the rest of the combat forces in the north, to ensure that absolutely no holes are provided for the communists to get further south than Thái Hòa. As for the forces at Hà Giang . . . regrettably, they will have to force a breakout on their own. We do not have the agency to stage a rescue mission to extract them from their firebase. If the Rangers cannot break out of the mountains and head south with the rest of the general retreat, they shall be remembered for all ages for their bravery and sacrifice in defense of the nation.'[/list]
| There is a somber moment of silence. |
[list]BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'Nonetheless, a general retreat is to be issued. Minister Dang?'
DANG NAM AN, Vietnamese Interior Minister: 'Yes, Your Majesty?'
BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'I shall pass an Imperial Decree within the week which shall ask for the Public Works Bureau to begin the construction of a vast array of fortifications along the intended line of defense in the south. I want . . . rather, I need that at least 30,000 public laborers be mobilized to prepare defensive fortifications and trench networks along the line of defense. These defenses must be adequate for our soldiery to defend, for at least the next few months, until further aid arrives.'[/list]
| The Interior Minister, one of Vietnam's most wealthiest industrialists in the post-independence age, bows his head as a sign of agreement. |
[list]BAO DAI, Vietnamese Emperor: 'I have dispatched the Foreign Ministry to begin negotiations with the United States government to oversee United States Air Forces support against the Chinese air campaign over Hanoi. It is my hope that we can negotiate with President Nixon to get the United States on our side. France is already with us but do not have the resources to spare, and should not be depended on. However, the Americans have made a good ally for the Royal government in Laos, and may do the same for us. I also wish to procure advanced fighter jets from the United States to ensure Vietnamese self-sufficiency in the future. Minister Vien, see to it that this deal is negotiated. You know better than I what we must be in possession of, and so I therefore demand of you to ensure the adequate equipment of our air forces. What little we have has, unfortunately, already been wiped out.
Well then, Gentlemen, with the war out of the way, let us move on to the trade deficit . . . '[/list]
Otsla, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire
| From their political headquarters at Nanning, the Viet Minh send message to the East German embassy in Beijing in regards to the offers of assistance. In their letter, they plainly make clear that any assistance - financial, material, training - will be greatly supported, and desperately needed as the Viet Minh continue their campaign south. The Viet Minh give their kindest regards to the German Democratic Republic for their kind gesture among both their populace and government and express the importance of socialist solidarity. |
Otsla, Czabalkia, Kiger, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire
| The government of the PRC makes known its support for DDR involvement in its training of the Viet Minh, and suggests that the incorporation of DDR elements into the Chinese command structure currrently training the Viet Minh would be encouraged given the present climate. The Ministry of Defence also seeks to establish with the Viet Minh an agreement via which China would become said body's primary supplier of heavy weaponry, including the provision of more advanced tanks and artillery types.|
Otsla, Liberalina, Waclia, Czabalkia, Kiger, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
BBC News
11/08/1963
London, England
__________________
[list]Resignation of Harold Macmillan Causes Problems For Conservative Majority[/list]
[list]With the resignation of Harold Macmillan, Alec Douglas-Home, a House of Lords member to serve out the rest of his term. This move has been questioned by the public due to Douglas-Homes status as a House of Lords member and known for his upper-class status and attitude. Upon being asked to govern in Her Majestys name, Douglas-Home disclaimed his peerage and took a seat in the House of Commons for which he will be the head of the Conservative Party. While the country sees a huge spending issue, the resolution proposed by the Prime Minister has been deemed inept to seemingly cure the country's financial problems. Harold Wilson, the leader of the opposition has criticized the Prime Minister for his inability to lead the country pointing to the recent resignations of two of Macmillans cabinet members refusing to serve in Douglas-Homes cabinet due to Douglas's status alone. The Prime Ministers rise to power was an unpopular one, especially in times where Britain faces stagnant job growth and a call for progressive change in the quality of life in Britain. The Leader of the Opposition has criticized the government especially the Prime Minister for his post-war way of doing things and refusing to acknowledge the future of the country.
Wilson went on in parliament to say:
[list][list][sub]How can Britain continue to be at the forefront of western democracy if we cannot change with the times? The British people are tired of the old way of doing business, the people are tired of status-quo politicians in 10 Downings Street with their outdated politics and economic policies. We must ensure the people that Great Britain is a full-fledged democracy that is open to new ideas.[/sub][/list][/list]
On the contrary, the Prime Minister himself supported by the conservatives who are keen on maintaining their position in parliament, are at odds with each other. Prime Minister Douglas-Home is a controversial person that the conservatives cannot afford to lose their majority to the Labour party, which judging by public opinion is more likely than before. The Prime Minister rebutted with a statement saying:
[list][list][sub]" The cold winds of socialism have graced our isles once more, and we cannot allow this great nation to allow them to influence our politics. Mr. Wilson embodies economic ideas and policies that only shadow the Soviet way of life. Socialism will never be the answer to our problems. [/sub][/list][/list]
Otsla, Liberalina, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Gaia Major, Austreylia
[list][list][list][list] THE ETHIOPIAN EMPIRE
የኢትዮጵያ ኢምፓየር
𝐒𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝟏𝟗𝟔𝟑 | 𝐃𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐢𝐝𝐨𝐥𝐨, 𝐄𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐨𝐩𝐢𝐚 [/list]_________
| NEW ESTABLESHMENTS |[/list][/list]
[LIST]Bethel Evangelical Secondary School[/LIST]
Bethel Evangelical Secondary School is an evangelical Christian religious secondary school founded this year in Dembidolo, Qelem (Kelem) Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia built and operated by Bethel Evangelical Church of the Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus, with financial assistance from the Presbyterian Church (USA). Academic programs follow Ministry of Education curricula, but also includes vocational education in wood- and metalworking, automobile repair, home economics, agriculture and typing. The school includes intensive religious education programs throughout the day. The school is already flooding with students since last month, Prince Asfa-Wossen Asserate has visited the school, giving funds to the new school and meeting the students.
[LIST]Institute of Ethiopian Studies[/LIST]
The Institute of Ethiopian Studies (IES) now officially established in 1963 to collect information on Ethiopian civilization, its history, cultures, and languages. The Institute includes a research and publication unit, a library, and a museum. It is located at Haile Selassie I University, Sidist (6) Kilo campus. The current director of the Institute is Richard Pankhurst (son of suffragette Sylvia Pankhurst), and the first librarian was Stanislaw Chojnacki.
[LIST]Ethnological Museum, Addis Ababa[/LIST]
The Ethnological Museum, Addis Ababa, in Ethiopia, is a public institution which was founded this year dedicated to ethnology and culture. The Ethnological Museum houses anthropological, musicological and cultural objects. The Ethnological Museum is the third university museum in Ethiopia, after the Link Museum, at Gondar and the Ezana Museum, at Axum. The Museum is located in the main Campus of Haile Selassie I University which houses the Institute of Ethiopian Studies.
[LIST]Ethiopian Idol and ETV News[/LIST]
The Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation (EBC) is an Ethiopian public service broadcaster. It is headquartered in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and it is the Empire's oldest and largest broadcaster. ETV (The main channel owned by EBC) has started showing the newly formed tv series Ethiopian Idol, which features similar content to American talent show American Idol, already getting large views since last week. ETV News (Ethiopian TV News) is a new channel formed by EBC, and is not part of the ETV channel is now the main news channel with 24 hours coverage, with content on culture, politics, documentaries, and economy.
Otsla, Liberalina, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Austreylia
September 1963
Economic Reforms Hitting the WAF
|After the collapse of the Malian Imperial Federation, and the subsequent demobilization of the army and the abolishment of slavery caused unemployment to soar peaking at 40%. The government heightened these numbers with the vast economic syndicalization and communilzation programs implemented by the government upon the civilian populace, and businesses.|
| To squash unemployment numbers and ensure stability to the nation, Executive Chairman Senghor has announced the creation of a Guaranteed Employment provision which would be written into the constitution itself. Expanded Federal Work Programs included the creation of new infrastructure: especially the Peoples Highway and the resuming of the Dakar-Port Sudan Railway, the EFWP also acted like an unemployed militia in which employees under the act would help found and enforce new Agricultural Cooperatives, and Communes. Finally, the EFWP helped lay running water pipes, and electric lines to extend across the Federation.|
| To fund these new programs, the government would appropriate the vast hoarded wealth of the former Malian elites and use it to transform the economy until it could produce a profit on it's own.|
Liberalina, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Austreylia, -Ethiopian Empire
Peru Tribune
"Your Reliable Source of Peruvian News since 1921."
Peruvian Victory
September 30th, 1963
[list]The Peruvian military has announced its victory over Bolivian forces. By the first of September, Santa Cruz de la Sierra was the last bastion of defense for the Bolivian forces. The Bolivian forces were running out of resources by the time the Peruvians took the city. While a good number of Bolivian soldiers surrendered in the hope that the siege of their city would end, some Bolivian soldiers, fled the city in the hopes of continuing their futile effort at a later date. The remaining Bolivian government officials officially signed the official documents of their surrender hours ago, this morning. With the war officially over, the Peruvian government has declared September 30th as "The Day of Bolivian Liberation" or more simply, "Liberation Day". As of the official surrender of Bolivia to Peru, Bolivia is now considered a territory of Peru. During the transition into full Peruvian status, the Territory of Bolivia shall be split between the territorial administrations of Eastern Bolivia, consisting of all of Bolivia east of the mountains, and Western Bolivia, consisting of the mountains and the plateau. Each territorial administration shall serve under the Peruvian government, as part of Peru. Peru has begun sending economic aid and humanitarian aide in order to stabilize the situation in Bolivia, as the territories are incorporated into Peru. Many companies have already began providing loans and aide to Bolivian residents in an attempt to make their way into the Bolivian markets in the early stages of reconstruction.[/list]
Peru Buys Aircraft
September 30th, 1963
[list]The Peruvian government has announced that it has purchased five Boeing 707 aircraft. Of these aircraft, two shall be used to establish an route between Houston, Texas, USA and Lima, Peru. One shall be used as a passenger aircraft for a route between Santa Cruz de la Sierra, La Paz, and Lima. One aircraft shall be used as a government VIP aircraft. The last of the five will be used in case any of the other four aircraft need to be grounded for repairs. The purchase of these aircraft are expected to revolutionize transportation in Peru, as the time for travel between the certain routes would be greatly decreased. In addition, damage to current airports in Bolivia will be repaired over the next few months, as they were set as priorities in order to create transportation lines for personnel during the reconstruction of Bolivia.[/list]
Peru Sells Reconstruction Bonds
September 30th, 1963
[list]The Department of the Treasury of Peru has begun offering Reconstruction Bonds in order to pay for the reconstruction of Bolivia post-war. The government is offering five billion Sol in Reconstruction Bonds each year until 1966. These bonds will be set to mature until 1975, when the first of these bonds will be redeemable. Sources say that several companies have already begun buying large numbers of Reconstruction Bonds. The government has also begun distributing abandoned properties in the Bolivian cities to development companies for low prices. The Head of the Treasury Department has stated that the Reconstruction shall bring the glory of capitalism to Bolivia. The government has officially stated that these bonds will allow Peru to generate more revenue for the government such that the government would not have to raise taxes. There has also been some discussions as to whether or not Peru should offer normal bonds every year after the Reconstruction Bonds stop being sold.[/list]
Otsla, Liberalina, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
Post self-deleted by Rpc European Communities.
Situation in the Princely States:1963
|Another year came upon Southern Africa, and the Princely States, a region torn by strife and conflict.
| to the north lies the Venda Kingdom led by High King Patrick Ramaano Mphephu, who heads a tribal council that rules over the state with an authoritative hand, the capital is located in Thohoyandou. Despite his faults, King Mphephu has begun the process of reforming, granting more powers to the lower congress, and allowing more political representation for men in the Venda Kingdom. These reforms have been delayed and hampered by the various members of the upper congress house; the Tribal Council who have resisted attempts to reduce their political control, autonomy, and power over the state. The Venda Kingdom is notable for its lack of enclaves in other kingdoms, this has allowed the High Chief to extend more direct authority over the land, and allow for more direct reforms.|
| Just south of the Vendan Kingdom lies the Chiefdom of Vatsonga or Tsonga. High Chief Edward Percy Mhinga sits at the head of the Tribal Council located in the small village of Phalaborwa. The High Chief has little actual power serving more as a figurehead for the vast network of Vatsongan aristocratic families, and tribal chiefs. Diplomatically the Vatsongan Chiefdom remains in a state of constant conflict of border skirmished and raids with the Vendan Kingdom, especially near the exclave territories. They do maintain good relations with Eswatini to the south, as well as the Pedisotho.|
| To the south arises the Kingdom of Eswatini led by absolute monarch, King Sobhuza II. Eswatini has guided its hand to independence gracefully, and as fast as possible, with little disruption to its agrarian economy or its political structure that has been an absolute monarch since it was a protectorate of Britain, up to its independence. The government of Eswatini has been crippled by continuous outbreaks of tuberculosis, and an inability to military reclaim its Exclave territory outside of the mainland. Eswatini will most likely without sufficient reform end up a protectorate once again, and this fact does not seem to rouse King Sobhuza II, into action. Diplomatically, Eswatini has faced border conflicts with the Pedisotho, and the Zulu Rebel State.|
| The Zulu Kingdom is the most populus and economically wealthy of the petty kingdoms in southeast Africa. This does not mean it has been spared troubles over the past few years the Zulu Kingdom has been extremely fractured, especially, since the rise of King Meshindi Phupho. An absolute monarch determined to define himself as a conquer and tamer of the disorganised chiefdoms and petty kingdoms, Meshindi Phupho has upended the current political order with a wave of Nationalist Populism, and militarism. Under King Meshindi he ordered all 5 of his brothers strangled to death, to prevent what happened to Shaka from happening to him this plan backfired as one brother escaped, Prince Umklomelo fled to the north where he declared himself in open rebellion, with the backing of local governors. The Zulu Kingdom has been in a constant state of war with this northern rebellion; however recent years have seen military and social gains. The only ally if any that the King has is the Eswatini, who have gravitated further, and further into the Zulu sphere of political influence.|
| Finally, the Sotho people have suffered since the sudden end of British colonialism, the failed attempt at a Sotho Republic has left a small rump state in the West barely clinging to relevance. It is a parliamentary government currently led by Prime Minister Joseph Leabua Jonathan who waits and watches as the Sotho people kill themselves into extinction. The strongest of the Sotho states is the northern Sotho or the Kingdom of Pedisotho led by King Moshoeshoe II who bides his time waiting for the time when he can strike south and truly become the King of Lesotho. The other states are shattered tribal confederations of a constantly shifting web of alliances with little hope of surviving the coming onslaught from the East or North.|
| The board is set, the time to build strength is over, 1964 will let loose the dogs of war and shake the princely states to their core.|
Xaverium, Otsla, Liberalina, Not Xav, Kiger, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, Indonesian Democracy, -Ethiopian Empire
The Invitation of Investors
[sub]1963 Indonesia[/sub]
Indonesia invites investors to investor into Indonesias mining corporations programs hospitals and start businesses that could grow the economy the country relays on its oil because of it selling to China but investors could greatly enlarge the economic power of Indonesia a new mining company bumis resources it mainly mines coal and uranium but also does mine oil it is a government owned business but it can be attractive to investors because of its current success and investors did accepts the invasions and did invest in stocks but more would come and with China investing 100 million int Indonesia that was good to start a push in its economy. Indonesia will carry on to try to grow its economy and try to get mos to its people out of poverty though feeding its population is getting easier being that farms have been farming lots of grain vegetables and coffee beans to sell Indonesia will try to not import lots of resources being that Indonesia could survive with its own resources like coal uranium fertile soil oil natural gas and much more.
The start of manufacturing
Indonesia starts to manufacture Soviet fighter jets specifically the MiG-21 and for its ground force PT-76s but a Indonesian variant armed with Cockerill Mk 3M-A2 90 mm gun then a few would be made and called TAPIR armed with a 17-tube 140 mm rocket launcher of the BM-14-17 instead of a turret also buying 4 Anshan destroyers from China and two Helicopter carriers from the soviets Union for 800 million. More soldiers would be recruited 100 000 now to 800 000 in total 400 000 active 300 000 reserve and 100 000 parliamentary.
Malaysian and Indonesian border conflict
[sub]1963 Southeast Asia[/sub]
Small battles between Malaysia and Indonesia would begin it was small at first but then got worse a group of drunk Malaysian soldiers crossed the border and burned down an Village filled with innocent civilians and the people of Indonesia and Sukarno had an of Sukarno sent troops to the border to battle with Malaysia trenchs and small bombs were down at the border trenchs were dug and Malaysia and Indonesia were stuck in a stale mate though Indonesia has Chinese troops inside it so it would get support Indonesia will start to cut of Malaysias resources to wait till to surrenders but the Malaysians were good fighter pushing back Indonesia guerrilla attacks but sometimes theyd be over run my para jumpers and guerrillas this was only the beginning more conflict would continue.
Liberalina, Not Xav, Zanbala Prz, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
[list][list]【𝐒𝐓𝐔𝐂𝐊 𝐈𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐈𝐃𝐃𝐋𝐄 𝐖𝐈𝐓𝐇 𝐘𝐎𝐔】 - ᏝᏋ ᎶᎧᏁᎶᎧ ᏝᏗ ᏉᎥፈᏖᎧᏒᎥᏗ - 【𝐊𝐄𝐄𝐏 𝐘𝐎𝐔𝐑 𝐏𝐎𝐂𝐊𝐄𝐓𝐒 𝐂𝐋𝐎𝐒𝐄𝐃】[/list][/list]
[list][list][list][list][list]- ᴍ'ᴋᴡᴀᴍꜱ ʙɪᴅ ꜰᴏʀ ᴇᴄᴏɴᴏᴍɪᴄ ɪɴᴅᴇᴘᴇɴᴅᴇɴᴄᴇ -[/list][/list][/list][/list][/list]
In the present-day economic reality of former central African French colonial territories, Bongo, Gongo, Chad, and the Ubangi included; is a simple one. These supposedly independent nations are only independent in name while still playing the fiddle to the French. The reality is that France while no longer directly ruling these territories is almost fully in control of each nation's economic operations. For example, all the Central African nations are "obliged" to use the CFA franc otherwise know as the XAF, and put 50% of their foreign currency reserves into the French treasury. Plus a 20% for liabilities. This tender was introduced in December 1945, along with the CFP franc. The supposed reason for their creation was the weakness of the French franc immediately after World War II. When France ratified the Bretton Woods Agreement in December 1945, the French franc was devalued in order to set a fixed exchange rate with the US dollar. New currencies were created in the French colonies to spare them the strong devaluation, thereby facilitating imports from France. French officials presented the decision as an act of generosity. René Pleven, the French minister of finance, was quoted as saying -
[list][sup]In a show of her generosity and selflessness, metropolitan France, wishing not to impose on her far-away daughters the consequences of her own poverty, is setting different exchange rates for their currency.[/sup][/list]
But the truth was not some supposed French concern for her former colonies, no, it was pure cold-blooded realpolitik. France would practically control their former colonies' money, only leaving them 30% of their money and they were not allowed to print their own currency; having to depend on the French National Bank. Even if the African nations wanted access to their percentage, they would have borrowed their own money at fixed commercial rates. The game was not only rigged, but it wasn't even a game at all it was a one-way street, that street leading to France. This was one of the main concerns for President M'kwam and his economic minister Christopher Obama. Both Gentlement had since the nation's Independence, had been discussing and debating the possibility of Gongo leaving teh CFA system and developing its own independent economy. The subject was no doubt a controversial one, no one wanted to challenge the French so openly, well, except for M'kwam. The president was bent on the idea of achieving full economic independence, even commissioning the Gongolese Economic Ministry to draft currency notes for this hypothetical economic independence. Although not everyone in the federal government was on board with this idea, the DUG favored the CFA system for its ability to provide immediate currency stability and secure trade with France. Not to mention suspicious connections with French companies that operate in Libreville. The AMG's leadership, Fulbert Youlou, while responsive to economic independence was not fully on board as he stated to M'kwam that he felt the policy was too radical and could bring more problems than solutions to Gongo's problems.
M'kwam while not in favor of forcing a policy of economic nationalization, figured that attempting to approach the federal parliament with a national vote would only get bogged down by a DUG and AMG block. The only valid support coming from the GPL, but relations between the RV and GPL were cold at best after the GPL sabotaged M'kwam's constitutional proposals. Not willing to sit and wait, M'kwam during a standard federal parliament meeting would suddenly declare before the federal parliament that he intended to transition the Gongolese economy from the French CFA towards an independent Gongolese currency and central bank. The reaction was varied between party lines, the DUG as predicted reacted very negatively towards M'kwams declaration; as to them, it could break Gongo. The GPL leadership openly supported the proposal sighting it as a proper course of action against French imperialism. The AMG, on the other hand, was neutral in its reaction, opting to rather wait and see than commit to M'kwams wild proposal.
Liberalina, Not Xav, Kiger, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
[list][list]HANOI HAS FALLEN!
[pre]May 1963 - Hanoi, Red River Delta Provinces, Imperial State of Vietnam[/pre][/list][/list]
| The thunderous advance of the Viet Minh has succeeded its goals of a lightning shock attack deep into Vietnam. With the IAFVN completely unprepared for combat, the hardened guerillas and popular militias of the Viet Minh and their communist civilian allies have stormed across northern Vietnam, leaving destruction in its wake, and capturing almost all of the large cities. Hanoi, reduced to ashes, has been all but abandoned by the Imperial Armed Forces, save for some 12,000 anti-communist militias formed by the populace to defend their homes and lives from the Viet Minh. Every passing day, more and more soldiers, officers, and civilians flee Hanoi as the Viet Minh continue to win closer and closer towards the city, leaving only the destitute or the delirious remaining in the bombed out city. |
| Despite the incompetence of the Imperial Armed Forces in their initial reaction to the Viet Minh invasion, the Order of General Retreat and the establishment of the so-called Dragon-Scale Wall has seen successes, primarily aided by a late onset of the rainy season. With conditions still favorable for large-scale mobilization across the rough Vietnamese terrain, some 98,000 Vietnamese army personnel within the northern areas of Vietnam have retreated from their firebases and barracks well south of Thanh Hoa, where civil laborers have been hard at work establishing a system of trenches and fortifications with which to repel the enemy advance. Though consisting of little more than small concrete bunkers, slit trenches, and artillery fortifications, the Dragon-Skin Wall will serve as the main frontline of the war as the Viet Minh continue their advance, and the IAFVN continues its mobilization. |
| On 12 May, exactly a month after the first troops crossed the border, Viet Minh fighters enter the greater Hanoi metropolitan area. Finding the area desolate, the Viet Minh enter the city triumphantly, setting objects from flags to cars alight, smashing the windows of businesses and government buildings, and raping the women still left among the absolutely pauperized populace. Looting and sexual assaults are rampant as the Viet Minh take control the city, largely as catharsis for the Viet Minh's own suffering as a stateless guerilla group post-1952. The anti-communist militias put up some resistance, ambushing Viet Minh infantry columns and establishing booby traps and other hazards, but any members of the citizenry found bearing arms are summarily executed on the streets by Viet Minh political commissars. Two nights after entering the outer city limits, Viet Minh T-34s cross the Red River, entering city proper. Food and valuable goods are stolen and other atrocities are committed en masse by the ragged guerilla fighters. Nonetheless, Hanoi has been secured. |
| In order to officiate the gains made by the Viet Minh, Chairman Ho Chi Minh and General Vo Nguyen Giap make a public appearance in the downtown district, surrounded by thousands of cheering Viet Minh fighters. After a parade for the two men, Ho Chi Minh delivers a speech from Ba Đình Square, the same area where he had issued the Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1945. Now, having taken Hanoi on their own initiative rather than amidst the chaos of the Second World War, the Communist Party is in a much more authoritative position to issue a further proclamation, which Ho Chi Minh delivers, declaring within his speech: |
[list][list]'With the liberation of significant territory of the Fatherland, the time is appropriate to establish a new Provisional Democratic People's Republic of Vietnam to oversee the political command of the country, to manage the military situation regarding the liberation of the nation, and to prepare for the establishment of a wholly guaranteed Democratic People's Republic of Vietnam at the conclusion of the efforts of unification. We proclaim the Provisional Democratic People's Republic's right to independence, to liberty, and to the rule of not only law, but of the people, in the face of the historic monarchic and fascist oppression of Vietnam; we maintain its dedication to the principles of Socialism, and Marxism, and the resistance of imperialism in all of its forms; and, we continue to maintain our efforts to reunite the entirety of Vietnam under a single banner of freedom, justice, and liberty.'[/list][/list]
| Ho Chi Minh, now as Chairman of the Party and as first President of the PDPRV, has assumed not only control over the Viet Minh as an organization, but of the Democratic People's Republic of Vietnam as a state in contest with the Imperial State for legitimacy and control over Vietnam. Though certain to become unrecognized by any countries outside of the Eastern Bloc, the declaration serves to legitimize the Viet Minh's control over Hanoi(the new capital of Vietnam, according to them), but to additionally allow for increased political cooperation with Eastern and Non-Aligned States. In his first act as President, Ho Chi Minh authorizes the continuation of the ongoing offensive, before once again quickly and quietly leaving Hanoi for Nanning until the front line stabilizes. |
| In Hue, Emperor Bao Dai is quick to denounce the Provisional Republic as little more than a 'make-believe state' run by 'Soviet-backed terrorists aiming to rape and pillage their way to Saigon'. With the Imperial Capital having been recently liberated from a rather rudimentary siege from Viet Minh forces across the border in Laos, the Emperor authorizes the deployment of the III Corps to fight the Viet Minh back into Laos before moving north to the Dragon-Scale Wall for a defense and a counter attack. |
| For now, the General Retreat and the inevitable defense of the Dragon-Scale Wall will be the deciding factor in the fate of the Vietnam War. Should the Imperial Armed Forces be able to rally their defense and successfully stop the Viet Minh offensive, the general consensus is that the Viet Minh's momentum will be lost, the bulk of their manpower drained, and a swift defeat of the Viet Minh will ensue. However, should the Viet Minh manage to break through the defensive line and breach central Vietnam, the scales will be handily tipped in the favor of Ho Chi Minh and General Giap. |
Arcanda, Otsla, Grand Indochina, Not Xav, Kiger, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Teymour, Gaia Major, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
November 1963
The South African
The official newspaper of the South African government.
Infrastructure Bill Passes Parliament
CAPE TOWN- The Infrastructure Act of 1963 passed both houses of parliament this week. The infrastructure Act of 1963 will change the landscape of South Africa forever. Government has partnered with private construction companies to help construct needed infrastructure projects.
The infrastructure Act includes projects such as deepening ports and harbors, construction of roads, bridges, freeways, electrical grids, water and sewage systems. Projects such as freeways connecting suburbs to city centers in metro areas. Paving roads and construction of new bridges. Building a new electrical grid and water and sewage systems. And much more.
Otsla, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, Indonesian Democracy, -Ethiopian Empire
[list]JULY 1962
WASHINGTON D.C, UNITED STATES NORTH AMERICA[/list]
[list][list][sub][pre]!دولة قوية و عادلة
Strong & Just Nation!
D.C, LONDON, PARIS - MY FRIEND IN THE WHITE HOUSE[/pre][/sub]
[/list][/list]
[list][sub]"Dear compatriots and friends, to visit the great capital of the free world, fills me with joy and happiness. It is my distinct pleasure and privilege to represent the Arab people here today, who are eager to extend warm salutations to their American counterparts. It is also my distinct pleasure, to receive the generosity, hospitality and kindness of those Americans that have greeted us and welcomed us as allies of the democratic cause. 14 years ago, President Harry Truman made a simple pledge: to make the Middle East prosper. The Middle East has changed since then. The Arab people have reorganized themselves into a nation and shaken free from colonialism. At the same time, the Soviet Union has sought to spread its systems, because they are threatened by the Arab nation! Why? It is because we made a pledge to Mr. Truman and we told him: Mr. Truman, we will be Americas loyal friend! Look at what his friendship has achieved, it has brought us great triumphs and great sorrows. Arab and American mothers wept together when we both sent thousands of our soldiers to the defence of Korea! I believe strongly that there is no greater solidifier of friendship between two nations, than sharing the pain of martyrdom in a common cause, the cause of liberty. And we share this pain because the Arab people and the people of the United States, understand that there is no greater system than the ones our states share! Freedom of speech, of assembly, of enterprise and knowledge! Nothing can substitute for it. Indeed, both our nations have been founded and nurtured with the understanding that human beings have the right to rule themselves, free from colonialism and under justice. The American people just like the Arab people freed themselves from tyranny in pursuit of democratic representation. And those ideals have persisted throughout history. In this spirit, we seek the sympathy of the freedom-loving American people, as we ourselves try to follow in your image. Economically our two nations cooperate heavily. In our part of the world, which may seem as a distant land to you, a majority of the resources which power American industry and American vehicles are sourced and transported here over vast sea lanes. Some of your biggest employers, the likes of Ford, General Motors, Texas Electronics and General Electric, help alleviate poverty in my country, because they export American ingenuity and opportunity! There is a great potential for American businesspeople to come to the United Arab Republic and invest towards economic development! Verily, we are eternally grateful to all the assistance the United States has given socially, economically and in terms of security. The Soviet Union, with its desire to subjugate the free people of the world, must not be allowed to gain any foothold in the Middle East which shall constitute a great blow against Arab and Western interests."[/sub]
[sub]"There must be an understanding that we are and will remain steadfastly loyal to the American cause! As there is no other nation in the Middle East who can fulfill the role of guaranteeing stability and liberty, even those who on the surface, call themselves a friend of the United States. The American people must remember the millions of dollars they donated for the Zionist project, we all remember that unfortunate phase when a global superpower was cheated! The Zionists have taken the money of the American people to fund their socialist policies modelled on Bolshevik theories! They displaced thousands of Arab civilians and took their property as their own between 1948 and 1949! Compare this to the American model, which represents the ultimate in terms of individual property rights, and then the Communist model, which represents the ultimate in terms of the forceful seizure of property. Have the Zionists sent their sons to Korea and Greece to defend the liberty of those nations? They refused! Instead they invited Chairman Mao Tse-Tung, the tyrant who orchestrated a shameful surprise attack on the United Nations forces in Korea. An attack which led to the massacre of thousands of Americans, who nonetheless, prevented a final collapse through their bravery. And it is these Zionists and their quislings, who accept your generous donations and then look at the Chinese communists, whose hands are drenched in the blood of free men, and call them friends! They have cheated the American people and aligned themselves with the most vile and tyrannical systems of exploitation and totalitarianism. And for their crimes and lies, justice shall be delivered! Let the American people and their representatives know this, let them know this history, let them know that we see the actions of Zionism as unacceptable to the free and democratic nations of the world. The United Arab Republic stands in a unique position as one of the few democratic nations in the Middle East. We have already covered the Zionist treachery, but we must also acknowledge the decision of our Iranian neighbours to become a full military ally of the Communist bloc! We are surrounded by nations who have become puppets and avenues for Soviet interference against what we hold dear. Freedom, liberty and the fraternity of man, all principles which we can safely assume the United States sees itself allied with. The responsibility of ensuring the survival of our way of life is not one that either of our nations take lightly! No effort should be spared in strengthening the democratic alliance and strategic partnership between the United States and United Arab Republic, because it is a mutually beneficial friendship with great potential, economically, socially and politically. We must therefore approach the construction and enhancement of his relationship with speed, dedication and vigour."[/sub]
[sub]"The United Arab Republic is guided by democratic elections and liberty. In the recent 1960 Presidential Elections in our country, millions of our citizens voted for myself and millions more have voted for political opposition of varying political beliefs. I am currently privileged to be serving my second, and therefore last term as President of the United Arab Republic in the cause of acting in the interests of the Arab people. Throughout this term I have come to know my people will, more so than any other time in my life. And I can say with confidence, that the Arab people are supportive and sympathetic of the cause of the United States. They are eager to engage with the democratic institutions of the UAR and willing to learn from the developed world. Cooperation with the United States in all fields, such as science, education, defence and finance is therefore paramount to the success of Arab democracy. We have the potential, with our human capital, resources and geography, to become an even firmer ally with the United States. The mutual benefits inherent in such an alliance and the mutual threats represented by Soviet-Maoist expansionism, make such cooperation, perhaps the best guarantor of global democracy. The American people must recognize this, as agents of liberty, the liberty which has guided them and their descendants since the time of the first American President, George Washington. We must also not forget the millions of Americans who trace their lineage back to the Arab nation, who live and work from New York to California, as loving citizens of the United States and ambassadors of their homeland on the level of the common American. It is a source of pride for us that Arab-Americans serve this nation loyally and act as another strong bridge between our two worlds. The bonds we build today will last throughout history and remind future generations of Americans and Arabs, that their friendship is not simply a diplomatic ordeal. No! It is heart to heart, it is a demonstration of affection, tolerance and mutual understanding between the UAR and USA. It must be treated as more than a simple political formality, and we shall ensure such. The United Arab Republic will continue to work with you in all your endeavors in order to fulfill its commitment to the rule of law, liberty and the rights of humanity."[/sub]
- JAMAL ABDEL NASSER[/list][/list]
[list][list][sub]President Jamal Abdel Nasser touches down at Washington DCs Friendship International Airport, marking a major symbolic moment in Arab-American ties. With Nasser travels a high level delegation consisting of Foreign Minister Abbas Sohliyeh, the Minister of Defence Saad Al-Shezly, the Minister of Interior Mohammed Najib, an entourage of Arab entrepreneurs, business leaders and even high achieving students from the faculty of International Relations & Public Policy of Cairo University. As they descend down the flight of stairs from the aircraft and upon the red carpet, an arrival party of notable US politicians extends a warm salutation filled with firm handshakes. Chief among them is Robert Strange McNamara, the Secretary of Defence, National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger, President Richard Nixon and the Arab Ambassador to Washington Saad Jumaa, who escort the Arab delegation to a podium from which both Nasser and Nixon pay homage to their nations respective national anthems. Cameras flash, predominantly those of American news crews, and both the flags of the United Arab Republic and United States saturate the scene in a sign of close bilateral friendship. For Nasser it is his first trip to the United States and for Nixon, his first in person meeting with Nasser, beyond their frequent diplomatic cables. From the 2nd of July to the 10th, the Arab President and his delegation will be whisked across the United States, observing the latest developments in science, industry and defence while working on intensifying the Arab-American alliance. Upon departing the airport and familiarization with accommodation, the clock is ticking, there is an immense amount to discuss between the two sides such as: joint-security in the Middle East, Israel, the presence of the Soviet Union in Iran, economic assistance, weapons sales and US-UAR academic ties. First on the agenda, a press conference to gage the attitudes that would shape the coming meetings.[/sub][/list][/list]
[list][sub]WHITE HOUSE PRESS ROOM HIGHLIGHTS QUESTIONS
President Nasser what do you wish to achieve from this summit with your US counterpart?
NASSER There are many areas where both the United Arab Republic and the United States can achieve great things. Already, we have achieved joint goals that were set by past meetings between myself and President Eisenhower. But there is always work to be done and more to be accomplished, that is my attitude. Both countries must recognize the great potential for increased cooperation in economic and security fields, however also in new areas such as education. So I will be discussing this with my friend President Nixon.
Mr. President, I understand that military equipment will be a large topic of discussion between you and President Nasser and Mohammed Najib the Minister of Defence. In terms of weapons, what will the United States provide to the United Arab Armed Forces?
NIXON The United States will sell the UAR virtually any conventional weapons it requests.
In the case of any Soviet or Israeli aggression against the UAR, do you believe American resolve is the key to deterring that outcome?
NIXON Yes, absolutely. In the event of any Israeli or Communist aggression against the United Arab Republic, the United States will use all its diplomatic, economic and military capabilities to prevent an Arab defeat and ensure an outcome favourable to joint Arab-American interests. The United States will stifle and block any policies which contradict the interests of the UAR, even in the United Nations, and it will thoroughly punish those who had supported those proposals.
Soon you will be addressing the American people's representatives in Congress, what impressions do you want them to gain from that?
NASSER I want them to know that they can rely on us as allies and that we have common objectives. I want them to also gain some insight on the reality of the Middle East and the importance of our part of the world to the American people. And most importantly that our convictions in Arab unity are firmly committed to the ideals of democratic rule of law and implementing those ideals upon our soil.
[/list][/sub]
[list][list][sub]The press conference became a historical event in its own right, with the statements of President Nixon being especially significant and therefore dubbed 'Nixon's Pledge to the Arabs'. In the words of an American journalist who attended the event, "this is diplomacy in action, a unique chance for us to see foreign relations unravel before us, I'm sure Mr. Nasser was very pleased." It was these sentiments which formulated the basis of Nasser's July 3rd Congressional address, as the first Arab, Muslim and African Head of State to do so in the history of the American legislative. Nasser spoke strongly on the necessity of Arab-American cooperation and friendship, the history behind that alliance, the dangers of the Soviet presence in Iran and the injustices of the Zionist occupation of Arab Palestine. Speaking to congress was especially important, first and foremost as a means to communicate directly to the nucleus of American policy making and open bi-partisan consensus on key issues with both the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. Following this, intergovernmental talks began on a multitude of levels. Firstly a collection of staff from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs began discussions with their US counterparts on a series of broad topics covering financial and technical assistance towards the three national priorities, with the expectation of formulating a physical document to be signed later. Simultaneously a closed-door meeting between Nixon, Nasser, Saad Jumaa, Mohammed Najib and Abbas Sohliyeh was held in the Oval Office of the White House. The details of the meeting were not disclosed to public knowledge due to their sensitivity, however they largely pertained to geopolitical security strategies, mutual defence commitments and interagency intelligence collaboration. The collective Arab delegation would remain in Washington DC for the 4th of July celebrations at the White House, during which a less relaxed reception was held, during which President Nasser greeted the First Lady, Patricia Nixon, and her daughters Tricia and Julie. A gift exchange ceremony, open to the press, was undertaken with Nasser on behalf of the Arab people and his delegation, presenting the Nixon family with a Damascene Coffee Set. During which the two Head's of State issued cordial statements of appreciation and presented a positive outlook on the progress of the US-UAR summit to the press. The reception was then closed in anticipation of the days social gathering on the White House Rose Garden, during which Nasser was granted an informal audience with former-President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who he had formed a warm personal friendship with during Eisenhower's 1954 state visit to Cairo, during the existence of the defunct Egyptian Republic. He was also introduced to William McPherson Allen, the incumbent President of Boeing, David Lewis, the Chairman and CEO of General Dynamics and representatives from the Raytheon Company. This was critical, even if this occurred in the backdrop of an informal occasion, as Boeing, General Dynamics and Raytheon represented some of the largest American defence companies involved in equipping the United Arab Armed Forces, and therefore were commercially invested in continued US-military support to the United Arab Republic. Notably, in a satirical fashion, William McPherson Allen called Sa'ad Al-Shezly his "best and biggest client." For the Arab delegation it had become clear, that this trip was not solely about Nixon, but also about establishing close personal connections and contacts with the heads of these major defence cooperations, which collectively employ millions of American citizens and therefore naturally command great sway over the economy of the United States. During the White House Dinner which was scheduled between the interval of the gathering and nighttime firework display, Nasser gave a warm toast to his American counterparts saying, "we are very grateful towards the positive and visionary outlook of our American friends. Verily we are honoured to celebrate the commemoration of the United States Declaration of Independence, with you all. I am sure my good friend President Nixon has worked hard in organizing this enjoyable event, and we thank him for being very understanding on matters of joint concern and inviting us here today. I have spoken to him thoroughly and I believe no American administration has been as friendly towards us in the history of relations between our countries." [/sub]
[sub]By July 5th, Nasser continued his closed door meetings with Nixon, while the remainder of the delegation was taken elsewhere. Sa'ad Al-Shezly met with his counterpart Robert Strange McNamara during a joint session of Arab and American military figures in the Pentagon, on the matter of reviewing the transfer of weapons and renewed training programs, a process which began over covert communiqué 3-months earlier. Mohammed Najib, accompanied with Istikhbarat representatives, met with the Director of Central Intelligence John McCone, Henry Kissinger and other high ranking members of the American Intelligence Community to refine and develop the 'draft agreements and pledges of cooperation' made by Nixon during the first closed-door meeting held on July 3rd. One of the most important topics related to that meeting was the enhanced training of Arab personnel to use U-2 Spy Planes and further facilitate the creation of joint Istikhbarat-CIA cooperation. This was further prompted by the recent overthrow of the pro-communist Qasem government aided by UAR-intelligence and supported by the United States, which Najib hoped would form the catalyst for future joint intelligence ventures. Foreign Minister Abbas Sohliyeh held a critical audience with Charles E. Bohlen, the Secretary of State, a known expert on Soviet-affairs and someone who had helped shape policies surrounding the Marshall Plan. They predominantly spoke on affairs concerning economic development and how the United States would play its role in the Arab reconstruction effort. These efforts would continue for the remainder of the summit, as the spotlight once again shifted to Nixon and Nasser by July 7th, after two consecutive days of confidential meetings and joint-policy briefings in the White House. Nasser was taken across the continent to make an address at Leland Stanford Junior University in California, and on a more personal note, he had always wished to visit the State of California. Alongside Nixon he stated: "education is the key to the struggle of the Arab people for a better and more prosperous livelihood. Sufyan Ibn Uyaynah one of the most influential Arab scholars of the 8th century once said: 'the first step in knowledge is to listen, then to be quiet and attentive, then to preserve it, then to put it into practice and then to spread it.' It is in institutions such as Stanford, with the radiant minds of its pupils, where we see this being implemented. In the United Arab Republic we are still walking the path towards a fully literate population, a path which is filled with many hard battles, but we are determined in our endeavour. We welcome those of you who are interested in the affairs of the Middle East to conduct academic research in the United Arab Republic, and we welcome those of you who are willing to assist us." Throughout the remainder of the summit, the President visited the Headquarters of Texaco in San Remon to gage their thoughts on the formation of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries or OPEC, and its expansion through Myanmar and Libya. An especially important subject considering the new attitudes amongst oil producers to assert greater control over pricing which prompted OPECs very existence, as a fledgling organization weaving through numerous geopolitical and geographic lines, encompassing the United Arab Republic, Venezuela, Iran, Libya and Myanmar. The Arab-American summit had thoroughly established its significance as a bilateral meeting crossing multiple agencies of both the Arab and US governments and touching on a variety of issues. In a final report on the session, an American political analyst stated with the departure of the Arab delegation from Washington comes the conclusion of several days of intense discussion between the American and UAR governments. Although both Nasser and Nixon refuse to disclose details on the meeting through their press secretaries, we can assume that more US weapons are headed Nasser's way, more intelligence collaboration between us and them will become a reality, likely directed against other pro-Soviet or anti-Arab governments in the Middle East region. Nassers speech to Stanford also signals that even private universities will help him on his mission to educate the Arab people. Ultimately, time will tell.[/sub][list][/list]
Arcanda, Xaverium, Teujira, Otsla, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Not Xav, Kiger, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Great Britain Interior, Gaia Major, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, Indonesian Democracy, -Ethiopian Empire
[list][sup]Jan 1st 1962[/sup]
The Creation of the Austrian Democratic Republic[/list]
___
[sup]MOSCOW, RUSSIAN SFSR, USSR[/sup]
___
| Following lengthy talks of Detente between the French, East German and Soviet governments it was decided upon that the Austrian Province of the DDR would be given independence to lessen tensions and improve relations with western europe. There were talks of uniting austria under a singular neutral government but the United States' open refusal to back the "Austrian State Treaty" torpedoed such plans. The East Austrian occupation zone was transferred to the German Democratic Republic in the early days of the Cold War in response to western actions in West Germany, seen by the USSR as "kneecapping" any potential strong FRG. The issue of the Austrian identity would rage on for the entirety of the time it is in the possession of the DDR but those that saw Austrians as a unique group separate from Germans would win out in the end, with the creation of the Austrian Democratic Republic, or Österreichische Demokratische Republik (ODR). The Social Democrat politician Bruno Kreisky would be selected as the new General Secretary of the ODR, his moderate but not revisionistic views seen as perfect for the new state by General Secretary Mikoyan. The Social Democratic Party, or SPÖ would be merged with the Communist Party of Austria, or KPÖ as was done in the DDR. |
___
| "Proletarii vsekh stran, soyedinyaytes'!" |
___
Arcanda, Xaverium, Otsla, Grand Indochina, Not Xav, Kiger, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Gaia Major, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
Peru Tribune
"Your Reliable Source of Peruvian News since 1921."
January 15, 1964
Peru Creates Bolivian Utilities Creation Tax
[list]The Peruvian Government has set up a property tax that shall be paid by property-owning people within the former nation of Bolivia. This tax shall be 100 Sol per acre of land. This new tax shall be an annual tax that shall last until 1970. This tax shall be used to completely rebuild power, water, sewage infrastructure. This tax shall also be used to complete the railroad lines and highways through Bolivia that are currently under construction. As of the last known figures, pulled from Bolivian records, there are about 2 million persons who shall be subject to this new tax. Failure to pay this tax shall result in the delinquent properties being auctioned off to new buyers. This new tax is expected to generation billions of Sol for use in the projects. The Peruvian Some people have complained that Peru is charging the people of former Bolivia for things they do not need. Others do not see thee efforts as good enough. Some have even pointed out that the original document signed by Bolivia that caused its absorption into Peru already included clauses that already put the people of former Bolivia into debt, such that future Bolivians will be paying off the debt Peru accumulated during its war with Bolivia. Critics pointed out that the war itself has already caused a number of post-war guerrilla attacks against the former Bolivian areas, causing some supplies headed to Bolivian villages to go missing.[/list]
Peru Passes Tenement Act
[list]The Peruvian Government has passed the Tenement Act. This law officially authorizes and sets aside large areas as Tenement Zones, where communities for the poor were to be built. The residential units would be in 15 floor high rises. Each unit is to be able to hold at least a family of four. While the exact building designs and layouts will be left up to developers, the areas designated as Tenement Zones will soon be sold off to real-estate developers in order to have them built. The government cites the rise of slums and the overpopulation of some larger slums in the big cities as the reason for the passage of this new law. Already, as of the printing of this article, the slums in Lima have already been sold to the Lima Real Estate Corporation for redevelopment. One other aspect of the law is that it sets up utility and construction standards to ensure that the tenements are not built poorly or without safety in mind.[/list]
Xaverium, Teujira, Grand Indochina, Not Xav, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
[sub]Play me: https://youtu.be/mKpsuGMeqHI[/sub]
[list]A CONSCRIPTS JOURNAL ENTRY FROM THE ANGOLAN WAR[/list]
[pre]TUESDAY, 14 September 1964 A.D. (Gregorian)
PENEDILNEK, 1 Veresen 1964 г.н.э. (Julianski)
[/pre]
[list]Outside Nova Lisboa, Huambo Parrish, State of Angola[/list]
| IF FOUND, RETURN TO:
IWAN MIKHAILOWICH PATRUSHCHEW
ULITSA 12 SUOMI, DOM 54
LUAMSK, ELISAVETGRAD KRAI, KONGO 1198
The date is 1 September 1964, my name is Wanja Patrushchew with the 8th Cossack Battalion. My rank is Efreitor (E-2), and I am 18 years old. I recently discovered this unused notebook during the raid of a rural school house. Before my service I kept a journal, it always helped with keeping my thoughts in order.
Ive been in country for 3 months now, filling a vacancy in a unit which has been here for nearly a year. I graduated upper secondary school last December, and received a national service notice to report on 5 January of this year. I had hoped for something easier, my older brother did his first service on the flotilla in Lake Seraphim. He said he saw the enemy maybe 2 or 3 times, and never even got to engage them. Lucky me, when the recruiters saw my wrestling record they recommended me for the Aerial Cossacks. Operation Swabodna Angolas been in on for about a year and a half now. The recruits who meet the highest physical standards all tend to end up in special forces regiments, and thats how I ended up here. After basic training and parachute school, I was attached to Platoon 2130, Tatiana Company, 8th Battalion, of the 2nd Cossack Regiment.
Down here were all divided into squads. The platoon is divided into 3 squads, and during hunt-and-kill operations we tend to fall into helicopters by squad. Just about 10 men per helicopter, and 5 personnel in a 4th gunship to provide air support. Hunt-and-kill is about as violent as it sounds, were flown out to terrorist bases located by reconnaissance flights and destroy the bases in totality. The Generals say this war will be won by a superior body count, but Im not so sure they know what that translates into on the ground. Rebel camps are designated "free-fire zones", and all inhabitants are considered combatants unless proven otherwise. Its not uncommon to see two or three hundred rebels in a camp, sustaining nearly 90-95% casualties when our guys go weapons free. After every engagement, we ascertain a body count to provide our CO. The body counts have become a point of bragging rights out here. I have certainly more than 100 kills, really all due to these operations.
Inserting into a rebel camp is certainly exhilarating. As we approach, our helicopters are always pelted with gunfire that rattles against the metal underside of the craft. Occasionally, as youre just above the LZ, the rebels may fire an RPG at the bird. A few raids ago they successfully hit one of our Aloutte IIIs, killed the whole crew and 8 soldiers. My squad leader is a 26-year-old Serb from Aleksandria. Unter-ofitser Vojislav Bajic, but we all call him 'Lieutenant Death'. He and many of the other NCOs here have come up with some horrific methods for trying to quell the insurgency here. Ive been regularly ordered to disregard surrenders, as the military staff believe that driving up body counts will put pressure on the rebel forces. I can understand killing rebels, but some of our guys shoot them women and children. Whats the difference between us and them if we kill women and children? Who wouldnt fire rockets at the soldiers who shoot women and children? Lieutenant Death likes to put the commanding officers heads on pikes, he likes to say that when you do that the rebels wont ever come back to the area. Its some kind of religious taboo.
My father fought Germans and Italians, but the soldiers in those days fought with honor. Guerrilla warfare makes men into savages. Jashchenkos speeches about civilization versus barbarism dont mean a thing, were all barbarians killing each other down here. Angolan Security Forces are an effective force all on their own, theyve kept much of the countrys cities under control. Nova Lisboa is under heavy assaults, but they seem to be holding it with our aerial support. It seems that the real reason were here is for our business interests. Most of the time my unit is awaiting orders at an airbase, but I cant even count how many infantrymen tell me they spend half their time guarding Grazgaz facilities and pipelines.
Many of the soldiers here have begun seeing or seeking relations with native women, quite regularly. The Portuguese girls here are beautiful, but something seems to pull us toward the native women. I was seeing a native girl in Sá da Bandeira, a gorgeous thing she was. The racial barriers of the Kongo dont quite exist here, and it frankly it leads to asking if maybe we couldnt do more to work with our own natives. I guess Ill just have to wait and see. |
Teujira, Otsla, Grand Indochina, Czabalkia, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, -Ethiopian Empire
PORTE OUVERTE![/B]
[sub]November 1963 | Monrovia, Republic of Liberia[/sub]
[I]As Christmas approaches, President William V.S. Tubman establishes a new economic policy for Liberia going forward, known as "Porte Ouverte" or "Open Door" policy intent on attracting foreign investment, namely from Western governments and institutions. As a backdrop to this, Tubman pursued the establishment of the National Port Authority of the Republic of Liberia (NPA) as a state-owned enterprise to manage, plan, and develop all ports in Liberia, via a legislative measure passed in mid-late October 1963. The National Port Authority is responsible for the management of Liberia's four major ports, the Port of Monrovia, Port of Buchanan, Port of Harper, and the near-complete Port of Greenville, set to have it's opening inaugurated by William Tubman himself on 1 January. The largest port in the authority's network, the Freeport of Monrovia was built by the United States military during World War II for strategic purposes. It handles most of the authority's imported cargo, some of which are trans-shipped to other Liberian ports and to third countries. The Freeport of Monrovia consists of an artificial harbor constructed upon Bushrod Island formed by two-rock breakwater approximately 2,300 meters out into the open sea, which encompass some 300 hectares of protected water. The facility contains four piers and one main wharf 610 metres long with four berths, capable of berthing 3-4 ships dependant on size and classification. The port also has fishery pier and a 500 metre long oil jetty for refined products situated alongside the southern breakwater connected to the tank farms by pipelines.
Second largest, the Port of Buchanan, located just under 280km southeast of Monrovia in Grand Bassa County and purpose-built in 1960 by the Tubman Administration and the Liberian-American Swedish Mining Company (LAMCO) for ease of export of iron ore from mines and deposits in the Nimba range. The company built a standard gauge railroad approximately 360 km long, linking the mine in the north of the country, to the Port of Buchanan. Buchanan Harbor is protected by two breakwaters, 1890 and 590 meters long respectively. Inside the basin, a 255 meters long ore loading quay is located adjacent to the deeper section of the harbor basin. Adjacent to the loading quay, a waiting berth for ore carriers and on the inner side of secondary breakwater, a commercial quay, 334 meters long. The third largest, situated 400km south of Monrovia, the Port of Harper in Harper City, capital of Maryland County, President Tubman's birthplace and home to the Morning Star Masonic Lodge, built by him. The Port of Harper was constructed in 1959 by connecting Russwurn Island to the mainland with a causeway and constructing a 150 meter long breakwater off the coast. Berthing facilities are provided by a 100 meter long reinforced concrete pier allowing her facilities to properly handle the traffic derived from exports centering around logs, sawn timber from the southern hinterlands of Maryland County and Palm Oil, one of many other economic commodities including coffee, sugar cane, and rice receiving widespread support by the Tubman Administration in effort to encourage diversification of the Liberian national economy as rubber and ore resources thus far make up 90% of the nation's exports.
The final and near fully constructed port under the National Port Authority's management, the Port of Greenville, will soon serve the Republic of Liberia as the center for the nation's agricultural, rubber, and timber exports. Due to it's geography, Greenville will also run a ferry service to both Monrovia and Harper. Surpassing Harper as the third-largest port in Liberia, Greenville Harbor is protected by a 400 meter long two quay breakwater on the inner side supporting two berthing facilities 70 and 80 meters long respectively. The establishment of the National Port Authority came at a time where the Office of the President was focused on improving the organization of state forces and enterprises, from the structure of the National Military, to the sudden rise of several new civil servant administrations across Liberia. Underneath much of this seemingly economic premise, President William V.S. Tubman was additionally further consolidating his seat of power as was the trend of his Presidency after a 1955 attempted assassination gave him all the appeal to teeter toward authoritarianism, brutally suppressing his opposition thereafter. Some theorize that the so-called 'assassination' attempt was staged by Tubman himself in order to go after his political enemies, especially the Coleman family. During this time, the nation's constitution did not have term limits, Tubman did not volunteer to leave office, controlled the dominant political party, and had created a wide network of obligations through patronage appointments.
As a result, the Liberian National Militia (LNM) and Presidential Guard of the Republic of Liberia were conceived hand-in-hand as ad-hoc formations of Police, Civil, and Reserve Auxiliary forces serving as a rearguard in maintaining national security, law enforcement, and order. Despite being a technical branch of the Armed Forces of Liberia, the Liberian National Militia enjoy a sense of autonomy as they receive orders from and answer directly to President William Tubman by way of a bill boldly snuck in with the rest of Tubman's grand legislative measures effectively granting himself sole control of the Liberian National Militia. The National Economic Development and Civil Defense Acts made the market and economy freer, all while forcing a gradual decline in political freedoms, civil liberties, and democratic tendencies altogether. Though some Liberians couldn't complain, many others could. With Americo-descendant Liberians comprising an overwhelming minority, the indigenous peoples contrarily comprising Liberia's overwhelming majority and many on both sides believe the Americo LiberianIndigenous Liberian integration efforts are either happening too fast or, adversely, all too slow.
Despite the ethnic division, the Republic of Liberia is swiftly growing to display an economic prowess never before seen in West Africa as American and European investments pour in. Aside deals with LAMCO and the US Federal Government, the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company has maintained a hefty weighted investment in Liberia's thriving rubber industry, namely the operation of the nation's largest and only rubber plantation, appraised at just under 8.5 Million Hevea brasiliensis rubber trees in Harbel, Liberia. The Harbel Plantation, recently having been internationally recognized as the world's largest rubber plantation, has been in operation since 1926 under Firestone Natural Rubber Company LLC, though with recent events and happenings across the globe, the recent international prices of rubber per wet ton weigh ever favorably, 30¢ per wet ton that is, for Firestone Tire & Rubber and the Liberian Government. Under a 99-year lease agreement for a little over a million acres for the plantation, Firestone Tire & Rubber Company also provided a $5 million loan at a 7% interest rate to the Liberian government to pay foreign debts it had and helped finance the construction of the Port of Buchanan. As of 1952, the debt to Firestone by way of the loan and the almost 17% interest attached to it had been paid in full, pitching Liberia as the world's top rubber exporting nation. Despite the repercussions, including an attempt at gunboat diplomacy involving Firestone and Washington D.C., the deal was mutually beneficial.
In 1960, Liberia exported 95,600,000 lbs of rubber worth $37.4 Million, accounting for over 50% of the Republic's entire exports remaining unsurpassed by any other national economic sector from Firestone's beginnings in Liberia until 1958 when the first iron ore mine began full production. Seven years prior in 1951, Liberia began it's mining operations in effort to expand and diversify the economy from rubber dominance with one mining concession producing a consistent 3 million tons of iron ore annually, prompting three more companies to enter their stake in the sector alongside LAMCO, including Bethlehem Steel, Firth Brown Steels, and Hoesch AG, with all four companies set to invest $350 Million and maintain a collective production capacity of 25 Million tons per year. Recent surveys of economic trends showed that Europe bought up to 66% of Liberia's iron ore exports, followed by the U.S. with only 19% between 1951 and 1962.
In Liberia's emerging agricultural sector outside of rubber, coffee is the second most emphasized cash crop in Liberia. Favored by small family-owned private farms encouraging results have been achieved for stabilizing, expanding coffee exports since 1960. Before 1960, coffee exports often fluctuated between 300 and 1,000 long tons with principal markets being the Netherlands, the French Union, and West Germany, accounting for 75% of Liberia's total coffee exports. The Liberian Government developed a public marketing organization known officially as the Liberian Produce Marketing Corporation (LPMC), with the intent to assert State presence and control over the nation's coffee exports. Afterward, the United States became the principal market and bought 80% Liberia's coffee exports between 1960 and 1963.
Palm Kernels have also been a long-time export good of Liberia, ranking third behind rubber and coffee as an agricultural export. Most of the kernels originate from local sources, mainly small family farms. The outside of the nut is used for locally consumed palm oil and the kernel sold to the LPMC who also maintain the exclusive right to export. As early as 1950, exports ranged as high as 50 Million pounds, though more recent estimates have averaged between 1530 Million pounds. The processing of the palm kernels to white oil could be facilitated through the appropriate international trade policy, with recent feasibility reports concluding that a plant for white oil presents an attractive investment possibility, both for the local and export market. As Liberia's 'big three' agriculture exports, rubber, coffee, and palm kernels, dominate that particular sector of the national economy, Tubman focuses on a Four Year Plan aimed at specific diversification of the agricultural sector, with the stated goal to "encourage the introduction of new export cash crops to diversify agricultural exports and increase income, employment for Liberians.", seen as absolutely necessary to curtail Liberia's excessive dependence on two primary export goods. The Four Year Plan, another additive measure of the National Economic Development Act, promotes utilizing Liberia's many extensive uncultivated land areas for various cash crops, including Palm Oil, Copra, Fruits, and Tobacco.
The most promising of these new exports however, is Palm Oil. As it stands, no palm oil is presently exported by the Republic of Liberia, although small private farmers produce enough for the local market. A large-scale increase in palm oil production is planned for the early-1970s using commercial plantations and currently, a 5,000 acre plantation has been fully planted and will soon begin to produce. A 3,500 acre Liberian-owned plantation is also presently in the nursery stage of production, with a third, 7,500 acre plantation planned but not yet financed. In addition to this, Liberian Government reconnaissance surveys suggest that the sandy, duned beaches of Liberia and other areas inappropriate for high-yield palm oil or other cash crops are adequate for coconut production, prompting the Government to propose a feasibility study of high-yield coconut cultivation. Spawning new investment interest in the agricultural sector, high quality cigar wrapper tobacco is also being exported in small quantities by two companies, one of which owned and prided by President Tubman himself, Maryland Gold Cigar & Tobacco Limited. In effort to support the rising export tonnages coming out of Liberia, the Government in Monrovia also moved to transform the Republic's Merchant Fleet into an open-registry system, also called a 'Flag of Convenience' registry which will promptly allow the size of the fleet to expand and offer a larger pool of vessels for import and export services for all the economic sectors currently being encouraged and supported.
[spoiler=LIBERIA'S OPEN DOOR ECONOMY!]
Lux Lumen[/spoiler]
Arcanda, Xaverium, Teujira, Otsla, Liberalina, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Malian Imperial Federation, Indonesian Democracy, Austreylia
1964 West Africa
Political Factions of the WAF
As a year of Senghors Chairmanship had passed the makeup of the entire Congress had gone. As a more centralized and powerful congress became enacted a greater emphasis was placed upon the development of factions to push certain agendas. While legally factions were disallowed, organic development and common ideals created pseudo-factions that while not binding were still important to pass legislation.
Overview of the Major Political Factions in the All-Trade Union Congress
Ultra-Radicals: Considered to be the anarchist wing of the Federation, the Ultra Radicals support the decentralization of the Federation into an even looser Confederation. While filled with many of the most ideologically radical leftists in the federation the Ultra-Radicals have also gained many separatist ethnic group members (like the Tuaregs and Senegalese) who see the Ultra-Radicals as a stepping stone to full-scale independence. This has given the outward appearance of the Ultra-Radicals as traitors and counter-revolutionaries, while internally the group is plagued by self purges and accusations of being Tuareg separatist supporters.
Industrial Unionists The I.U. Were the major faction that opposed the Centralists, and Senghor. The I.U. Favored more decentralized governance with greater economic control being placed into the hands of the worker, and Industrial Unions. They also opposed the Congresses ability to make laws on the entire federation. Their biggest issue; however, remained the transfer of the economy from direct worker democracy to a more representative democracy, with many members of the I.U. Calling it a betrayal of the revolution. Members of the I.U. Were generally of white-collar, and more skilled craftsmen, seeing themselves as being more capable of running their own industries.
Centralist Syndicalists the Centralist Syndicalists are the current majority faction in society, and the All-Trade Union Congress, and also the faction most devoted to the teachings and beliefs of Chairman Senghor. The Centralist Syndicalists desire a more empowered Federal Congress, and Federal Industrial Unions to help push the cause of workers' revolution along. The Centralist Syndicalists attracted many lower collar members, including farmers and industrial laborers.
Social Patriots The Social Patriots were considered the least leftist of all the factions in the congress, made up of many social democrats, former Malian national syndicalists, and social conservatives. The Social Patriots differed from the Ultra-Radicals as they opposed a decentralized state, with many desiring a more traditional centralized state, with decreased power of the unions, and even a reformed economic system that allowed for freer markets. The Social Patriots were more popular with the more loyal Tuaregs, and Senegambian who did not seek for the destruction of the WAF itself.
Composition of the Congress: The Congress at it's current state in 1964 was made up of 750 seats, 50% of which could be considered in the Centralist Faction. 30% remained in Industrial Unionists, with 10% in the Social Patriots. Another 5% in the Ultra-Radicals and the final 5% can be considered independents or members that do not vote with any specific faction.
Xaverium, Teujira, Liberalina, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Puerto Somoza, Indonesian Democracy, Austreylia
Riots in Canberra as more troops deployed to S.E. Asia
|April 11th, 1964|
[I]Students riot following Menzies' decision to deploy 5000 troops to Vietnam - One officer killed and nineteen others hurt
Leftist students have rioted in Central Canberra, following the governments decision to deploy five thousand troops to Vietnam in order to combat the growing communist threat. A protest was scheduled to take place between eleven o'clock this morning and seven o'clock this evening, but was denied a permit by the Capital Police Service. Organisers and attendees ignored the prohibition and descended on central Canberra regardless, massing at the intersection of Watersreach Avenue and Seymour Road. Police closed the road to traffic and formed lines, denying the protestors their intention to march across the city. The gathering remained peaceful from around eleven A.M. until two P.M., when a protestor was arrested for allegedly harassing police. The crowd grew hostile, and began pelting officers with bottles, stones and other objects.
Police then brought out water cannons and police jeeps, two of which were set ablaze, and one of which was stolen (later being found burnt-out in a ditch). At four P.M. police chose to begin using flash grenades and pellet ammunition against rioters. Multiple rioters were struck and immobilised, with twenty-three being detained and forcibly taken to be examined at Canberra City Infirmary. Shortly before five P.M., a volley of four gunshots was heard, and an officer was reported to have been hit. Officer Ruairi Phelps, an Irish emigre, was struck once in the back of the head by a bullet and killed. He was pronounced dead on the scene. Immediately after, officers began moving forward. A riot van was struck by two bullets fired from the same gun, but the perpetrator apparently had escaped. By nine P.M., unrest had subsided. Seventy-seven arrests were made, nineteen officers were injured, and thirty-two rioters were injured.
President Menzies has condemned the unrest as "the work of leftist agitators", and has promised not to allow such a protest to go ahead again, even if peaceful. Officer Phelps' funeral will be held next week, on the day that 5000 Army personnel are due to fly out to Vietnam. Opposition MPs have condemned the deployment of troops, but were shouted down in the National Assembly by pro-government MPs. An advisor to president Menzies was struck by an egg whilst leaving the National Assembly building, and the female perpetrator was arrested for assault.
Teujira, Otsla, Liberalina, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Teymour, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, Indonesian Democracy
[list]JULY 1962
LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM EUROPE[/list]
[list][list][sub][pre]!دولة قوية و عادلة
Strong & Just Nation!
D.C, LONDON, PARIS - WELCOME TO 10 DOWNING STREET MR. NASSER[/pre][/sub]
[/list][/list]
[list][sub]"Esteemed and honourable members of Parliament, I am certain that maintaining strong bilateral ties between the United Kingdom and United Arab Republic are a paramount goal of my government. To be welcomed in the bustling and transformed metropolis of London, which is the beating heart of the Commonwealth, is a testament of the trust and warmth between our peoples and nations. The United Kingdom has made immeasurable contributions in the fields of bilateral trade, economic development and defence. For example, in three years the Qattara Depression Project shall be operational, providing up to 5,800 megawatts of power for Arab citizens. This marvel of engineering would not have been possible without the financial and technical support of our British friends, through the Commonwealth Free Trade Area. Economic projects in the United Arab Republic, such as this, create new opportunities for British companies and workers. This economic endeavour has permitted the lowering of the domestic unemployment rate in the United Kingdom and has therefore added valuable credibility to government policies. As the United Arab Republic embarks on its three national priorities, we will expand our dedication for infrastructure development and will continue to seek support from you in this important endeavour. We desire to define a unified platform of commerce with the United Kingdom, to incentivize more win-win investment and bilateral financial exchange. As our nation seeks to take advantage of stabilized hydrocarbon prices through the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, its economic wealth and abilities will expand, permitting a greater degree of engagement with British investors and corporations, who we see as firm business partners. On the matter of OPEC, the Arab government would welcome and encourage a UK-OPEC dialogue, especially considering the large potential for commercial hydrocarbon extraction in Canada and the North Sea. We see this as a desirable outcome for both Arab and British policymakers to work in service of achieving, as it would greatly improve the core global mandate of OPEC as a price regulatory authority and permit Commonwealth Oil to be sold at profitable prices. The financial benefit and potential for a United Kingdom engaging with our organization is therefore immense, and it would further encourage the global trend of constructive multilateral economic and market collaboration against unfair exploitation. Such opportunities both from the perspective of investment, mutual economic ties and an engagement with other oil producers, cannot be sidelined nor ignored. As partners we must act swiftly to seize them fully!"[/sub]
[sub]"In the realm of security, it cannot be denied that the space we occupy, which is the Middle East, is a strategically important part of the world which should not be ignored by London. In the context of our struggle against the tyranny represented by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Zionist Bolshevism and the illegitimate Communist regime in China, the Middle East is a theater of operations. Unlike continental Europe, the Middle East lacks frozen borders, indeed the colonial-era boundaries are fragile and can be swiftly altered. With the power of pan-Arabism we have built a bulwark against tyranny in the UAR, however there are still areas that are of mutual concern to the United Arab Republic and the United Kingdom. The first area of concern of Iran, and although we continue to strive towards a workable relationship with Iran in areas of joint-interest, we cannot ignore their alignment with Soviet interests. Historically in the age of imperialist expansion in Western Asia, the Russian Tsars fought numerous wars with the dynasties of Iran in an attempt to wrestle control over Central Asia and the states of Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan. Most important of all, the Russian Empire desired a warm-water port in the Indian Ocean through which to project naval power and challenge its rivals in the sea. This final Tsarist dream was never achieved, and the Western countries assumed that it would be unfeasible so long as Iran shunned security ties with Moscow. That assumption was proven wrong when the Shah was overthrown and the new government embraced Soviet technicians, arms and guarantees of mutual defence. In this context, Soviet politicians have completed the wish of their Tsarist predecessors, and may cement a naval presence, in close proximity to the worlds largest oil reserves and the most important global shipping lanes. This cannot be allowed to happen, and we will work even harder to strengthen our mutual defence relationship with the United Kingdom and all other Western democracies, to ensure a favourable balance of power in the Gulf. The second area of concern, is the aggression posed against the democratic order, represented by Zionism. It speaks volumes regarding the public perception of Zionist colonialism, that the city from which the Balfour Declaration was issued, is now welcoming the President of the United Arab Republic as an ally. The Zionist regime, which already implements Bolshevik domestic policies, has initiated yet another betrayal of its former patrons, by building a new dangerous Axis with the Chinese communists. We will not permit any Zionist act of aggression to succeed, and I have been reassured by the words of Prime Minister Sir Alec Douglas-Home, that any such aggression will be met with a British military response in accordance with the existing Anglo-Arab treaties of mutual assistance." [/sub]
[sub]"Both the United Arab Republic and the United Kingdom must be prepared to defend mutual interests and work proactively to strengthen the Anglo-Arab diplomatic effort. There must be an understanding of the mutual geopolitical and commercial benefits that embellish these efforts, as well as common challenges represented by mutual adversaries. We call upon the United Kingdom to be more active in engaging with the international community, especially with the United States, so that tripartite agreements may be formulated between our countries, especially concerning intelligence sharing, scientific collaboration, defence and trade. In the increasingly interconnected world, both politically and commercially, the democratic countries cannot afford to be complacent or act selfishly against each other. They must represent an assertive and united front against those governments which do not respect the rule of law and threaten international peace. This is the same attitude we adopted when we stood against aggression in Korea and Greece, as Arab soldiers stood shoulder to shoulder to their Commonwealth comrades. Indeed, those who have trampled the sanctity of humanity under their blood-stained boots must be punished, democratic states must hold them to account. Verily this ithall be the attitude that we will consistently and persistently adopt as we will continue to work with the United Kingdom in its all endeavours as well as the wider community of the free world. "[/sub][/list]
[list]- JAMAL ABDEL NASSER[/list]
[list][list][sub]Following the fruitful conclusion of the landmark Arab-American summit on July 10th 1962, the high ranking UAR delegation led by President Jamal Abdel Nasser was whisked away to London, capital of the United Kingdom and centre of the Commonwealth Realm. The delegation of the United Arab Republic was welcomed by Prime Minister Sir Alec Douglas-Home, Foreign Secretary Rab Butler and Defence Secretary Peter Thorneycroft at London (Heathrow) Airport, during which a formal welcome ceremony was held featuring the playing of national anthems. Both the President and Prime Minister were swift to comment to journalists that domestic and international uncertainties motivated this new summit, and that the main topics of discussion would mirror the Arab-American summit. It is of the utmost importance that we build an intergovernmental consensus on key topics amongst the free countries of the world, such as the United Arab Republic and the United States of America, commented Douglas-Home to correspondents of the British Broadcasting Corporation, before escorting President Nasser into a diplomatic car to be driven to 10 Downing Street. The discussions held at the residence of the Prime Minister, which commenced following a press photoshoot, covered various topics, firstly a review of the existing relationship between the two states. This relationship is by all means rooted in history, as the United Kingdom assisted in the successful electrification of the Cape-Cairo Railway and the sale of modern agricultural equipment during the era of the defunct Egyptian Republic. When the United Arab Republic was established in 1955, that relationship continued through the channels established under Rashid Qaddab, namely the membership of Egypt in the Commonwealth Free Trade Area. This manifested in heavy British financial and technical support towards the Qattara Depression Project as well as weapons sales, namely concerning Centurion Tanks. However changing affairs in the Middle East had begun to heavily imply the need to strengthen these ties at new levels and fully end any remainder of colonial vestiges. "This is a new age" proclaimed Foreign Minister Abbas Sohliyeh to Foreign Secretary Rab Butler, "and the colonial way of doing things has elapsed. This is a welcome development, because it allows space for new opportunities. We want the Anglo-Arab alliance to develop into the space provided by those opportunities." The Arab Foreign Minister continued by saying "if Iran allows Soviet vessels into the Gulf, this is not only a threat against the United Arab Republic, but also the entire world. And this is not only a security threat, but an economic threat as well" on the matter of the presence of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in the oil-rich region.[/sub]
[sub]The Arab Minister of Interior Mohammed Najib, called on his British counterpart to enhance cooperation between the intelligence services of both the United Kingdom and United Arab Republic, during a visit to 54 Broadway, the headquarters of the Secret Intelligence Service, otherwise known as MI6. The purpose of the visit was to facilitate a renewed dialogue with members of MI6 on the British-led training program for Istikhbarat officers and gather the military reports of John Bagot Glubb, the commander of the Arab Legion during the 1948 Palestine War, on Zionist tactics, capabilities and possible exploitable weaknesses. With the knowledge and approval of President Nasser, the Minister of Interior further unveiled his proposal for a tripartite Arab-Anglo-American intelligence base at Tel Afer, from which to conduct routine espionage and intelligence surveillance on Iran and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Najib aimed that the facility be deemed operational by 1965, latest 1966, and declared that we [the United Arab Republic] must make ourselves an indispensable ally to them [the West] in a private conversation with Nasser and Abbas Sohliyeh. These extensive and secretive meetings took place from July 12th to the 15th of the month, interrupted by equally extensive press conferences, where the participants carefully skipped over critical information and focused on corporate and economic ties. Nonetheless, Nasser made his appeal to the public of the entire Commonwealth, from New Zealand to the British Isles and Newfoundland, in a broadcasted speech to the House of Commons on the 16th of June 1962. In a speech which mirrored what was said to the Congress of the United States of America, Nasser touched on his vision of the Anglo-Arab relationship and alliance and the key threats to joint Anglo-Arab interests in the Middle East. He further reaffirmed the commitment of both nations to their mutual defence treaty and historical strategic partnership. This was followed by a state dinner, attended by the Head of Government, Sir Alec Douglas-Home and Head of State, Her Majesty Elizabeth II, who was coronated almost 10 years ago from the date of this summit. The Queen expressed her gratitude towards "the immense friendship and warmth of the Arab people towards the people of the Commonwealth and the United Kingdom." The occasion was touch paper for a thorough press bombardment, eager to gain insight on Nasser's first interaction with the young Queen, to which the Arab President stated "Her Majesty the Queen has made an immense symbolic contribution today, which I believe, shows the true strength of our friendship with her nation and with her subjects."[/sub][/list][/list]
Xaverium, Teujira, Otsla, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Puerto Somoza, Malian Imperial Federation, Austreylia
[list][list]CRISIS IN MONACO!
[pre]19 July 1964 - Cathedral of Our Lady Immaculate, Monaco-Ville, Principality of Monaco[/pre][/list][/list]
| Giuseppe Merola takes a few steps closer towards the Cathedral. The tennis bag slung over his shoulders on his back rustles gently with every step he takes, its weight holding down his back. As the bells from within the tower begin to ring, the first of the Church-goers begin to leave the Sunday Mass. The Cathedral - one of the most nationally important sites politically and religiously within the small Principality - is consistently visited by the Royal Family on most Sundays for Mass. Prince Rainier III, hidden somewhere within the crowd, leaves the Church with his family. |
| The 19 year old Italian boy who makes his way towards the Prince had come from nearby Nice. The son of Italians who had moved into Italian-occupied France during the Second World War, Giuseppe has been raised in a staunchly pro-fascist environment. A supporter of the Italian MSI political organization, and a fascist agitator within his local high school, the boy is a rather insignificant character, even within his own life. However, his determination and radical political ideas as he marches towards the Prince stand as firm as ever. Soon, Giuseppe Merola will make his name in history. |
| After identifying the Prince among the crowd leaving the Cathedral, Merola slides his bag down off of his left shoulder, opening up its zipper. He furiously takes out a small Ruby pistol, already loaded with a full magazine of .32 ACP. Fairly inexperienced with firearms, Giuseppe's hand shakes as he raises the firearm with his right hand, aiming it squarely at the Royal Family. He takes three shots, two hitting the Princess, Grace Kelly, and the third hitting Prince Rainier squarely in the chest. Giuseppe quickly faints after taking these three shots, quickly being apprehended by the Prince's bodyguards. The bodyguards grab the Prince and the Princess and rush them into a nearby car, which dashes towards the nearest hospital. Giuseppe is quickly taken into a police car and thrown in forcefully, to be taken to the nearest police station. |
[list][list][pre]19 July 1964 - Monaco General Hospital, Monaco-Ville, Principality of Monaco[/pre][/list][/list]
| The Prince lies, privately, surrounded by doctors and close associates, mortally wounded. The bullet had entered his chest, striking his left lung before becoming lodged in a nearby artery. Coughing on his own blood, the Prince has only minutes to live, lying in an unconscious state. His wife, Princess Grace Kelly, lies in a different hospital bed, with non-fatal bullet wounds to her abdomen. Fatigued, her only concern is about her husband in the next room over who, unbeknownst to her, is mere minutes away from dying. |
| At 3:08PM, just four hours after the shooting, Prince Rainier III expires in Monaco General Hospital. His heir, Crown Prince Albert, is only a mere five years old, not present at the hospital for his father's death. Immediately, the issue of succession and a regency comes into discussion, even before the Prince's body turns cold. How will a five year old boy rule as Prince of the Principality beyond name only? As news of the assassination and the Prince's death spreads throughout Monaco and the rest of Europe, there is an air of sorrow, sadness, and uncertainty. |
Xaverium, Otsla, Liberalina, Zanbala Prz, Teymour, Indonesian Democracy
Peru Tribune
"Your Reliable Source of Peruvian News since 1921."
May 15, 1964
Lake Titicaca Fulfillment Reservoir
[list]The Peruvian government has just authorized a large project, funded largely by the Lake Titicaca Group, a group of wealthy philanthropists. The project, called the Lake Titicaca Fulfillment Reservoir, shall include several aspects, including a large water channel. This channel will take water from the Pacific Ocean, and distribute it into lake Titicaca. The water, according to the designer of the project, would be placed into a small set of reservoirs at the midway point in order to desalinate the water. The goals of the project have been identified as being to increase the amount of water in Lake Titicaca available for use in the water needs of the plateau. This project is expected to take a decade to build and billions in Sol to fund. The Western Bolivia Administration has already declared a large sales taxes of 10% for the next decade and has accepted a decade reoccurring loan of 5 billion Sol.[/list]
Buy Buy Buy
[list]The Peruvian market is on the rise. It is time to put all your money into stocks, bonds, and loans. Lending has increased dramatically and the standard of living is increasing. Jump onto the buyer's market at this time. The number of bonds being purchased has also increased. The practice of taking out loans to buy large volumes of bonds. For the first time in Peruvian history, the lower classes see a guiding light out of poverty. There are a few critics of this massive bout of economic speculation, but they are largely ignored. The government has said that the only way for Peru is up. The Central Bank of Peru has declared a currency minting quota of 5 billion Sol per year. The Treasury has commissioned ten new minting operations to keep up with the quota. The future can only be bright for Peru. Disclaimer: This article is a paid OFFICIAL advertisement from the Central Bank of Peru.[/list]
Prison Tower to be Built
[list]The Peruvian government has just authorized the Spire of Punishment, a large complex that will serve as a private prison. The Spire of Punishment consists of thirteen towers of cylindrical shape. Each of the first twelve towers shall be three hundred meters tall, surrounding a central tower that reaches four hundred meters into the sky. Each tower on the outside shall be a sixty meters in diameter. Each of the outer towers shall have a outdoor exercise area on the roofs. The central tower, exclusively for storage and administration, shall have a helicopter pad on the roof. None of the outer towers shall allow for ground access. The central tower shall be ninety meters in diameter. The approximate capacity of this private prison is expected to be around 25,200 convicts. The total expected staff is expected to be about 5,000 staff. This project is expected to be completed by 1966.[/list]
Xaverium, Otsla, Zanbala Prz, Teymour, Indonesian Democracy
[list][list]July 10th, 1962
ʙᴇɴ-ɢʀᴜɴɪᴏɴꜱ ꜰɪɴᴀʟ ɢɪꜰᴛ ᴛᴏ ɴᴀꜱꜱᴇʀ!
𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐁𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊
𝘍𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘷𝘦𝘯𝘴 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘸𝘪𝘭𝘭 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘯𝘦𝘴𝘴 𝘴𝘪𝘭𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘸𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘴[/list][/list]
[sup]Ramat David Air Force Base, the 06:00 hour, July 9th, 1962. Lieutenant Colonel Yosef Alon twirled his fingers in deep anticipation as he sat outside the office of Ezer Weizman, Commander of the Israeli Air Force, who had called him early in the morning for an important meeting. Yosef was unaware of what to expect, he had been spending his time studying at the Soviet Gagarin Air Force Academy, training to pilot the MiG-21 which was planned to phase out Israel's current inventory as the western powers continued to alienate her in favor of supporting the UAR. He had returned to Israel for some R&R with his family but only a day into his vacation and he was recalled back to base for a briefing on something, what it was he was about to find out. Weizman would open the door and beckon Yoseft to step in immediately. Yosef could tell something was deeply bothering him and his face was like an open book. The pleasantries were to be skipped and Weizman went straight to the point of the meeting, taking out his folder which had detailed information about the events unfolding in Baghdad, which was given to him by the Mossad director Isser Harel. The situation unfolding in the Iraqi-Jordanian region was most troublesome to Mossad as they believed that the Qasim government was in the process of being overthrown as the Iraqi airspace was active with raids and counter raids from loyalists and anti-Qasim conspirators. Didn't help that Chief of Staff, Tzvi Tzur, was present in the room.[/sup]
[list]{ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴀɴᴅᴇʀ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ɪꜱʀᴀᴇʟɪ ᴀɪʀ ꜰᴏʀᴄᴇ - ᴇᴢᴇʀ ᴡᴇɪᴢᴍᴀɴ}
"Thank you for coming here on such short notice Colonel, apologies for intruding on your vacation but the situation is dire and it requires immediate action."
{ʟɪᴇᴜᴛᴇɴᴀɴᴛ-ᴄᴏʟᴏɴᴇʟ - ʏᴏꜱᴇꜰ ᴀʟᴏɴ}
"No need to apologize, Commander, every Skypilot must be prepared for missions anytime and anywhere. So may I ask...what is the emergency about?
{ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴀɴᴅᴇʀ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ɪꜱʀᴀᴇʟɪ ᴀɪʀ ꜰᴏʀᴄᴇ - ᴇᴢᴇʀ ᴡᴇɪᴢᴍᴀɴ}
"It's dire, actually I'd say downright catastrophic even. Mossad has declared to the Chief of Staff that a UAR-backed military coup is underway in the Iraqi-Jordanian Republic. In Baghdad it seems Qasem has lost control and is presumed dead or imprisoned, either way, this is bad news all around and our reaction must be swift and decisive. We cannot allow the UAR to consolidate the Jordanian Air Force, which is why you've been called here today Lieutenant Yosef."
{ᴄʜɪᴇꜰ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ɢᴇɴᴇʀᴀʟ ꜱᴛᴀꜰꜰ - ᴛᴢᴠɪ ᴛᴢᴜʀ}
"Yes indeed, you've been elected to lead an important mission, Lieutenant Yosef. I've seen your record, me and the commander both came to the conclusion that you are the best man for the task at hand, thus, we want you to lead the First Fighter Squadron in Operation Blink (מבצע מצמץ). We require the best of the best to conduct this upmost important mission."
{ʟɪᴇᴜᴛᴇɴᴀɴᴛ-ᴄᴏʟᴏɴᴇʟ - ʏᴏꜱᴇꜰ ᴀʟᴏɴ}
"It would be my honor to lead this mission, sir! I and the men of the First Fighter Squadron will execute this mission well, that's a promise."
{ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴀɴᴅᴇʀ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ɪꜱʀᴀᴇʟɪ ᴀɪʀ ꜰᴏʀᴄᴇ - ᴇᴢᴇʀ ᴡᴇɪᴢᴍᴀɴ}
"Good to hear lieutenant, I like a man with enthusiasm. Now then, gather your Squadron and prepare for the operation. Once they've gathered here we will begin discussing the details of Operation Blink."
{ʟɪᴇᴜᴛᴇɴᴀɴᴛ-ᴄᴏʟᴏɴᴇʟ - ʏᴏꜱᴇꜰ ᴀʟᴏɴ}
"Yes, commander!"[/list]
[sup]The lieutenant-colonel would run out of the room and make several phone calls to call in members of the 101st who were off duty. Those present at the base were gathered from the barracks into the planning room to review the operation. In the aircraft hangars, the mechanics labored prepping and doing some final maintenance work on the aircraft that would be used for the operation. Israel still mainly utilized that French Dassault Mystère IV for its air operations. But due to strained relations with the French and the dwindling supply of munitions, bombs, and spare parts, the Israeli Defense Ministry opted to begin phasing out the Dassault for the Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich aircraft around 1956. Sending waves of Israeli pilots to be trained to operate said aircraft at the Gagarin Air Force Academy during the late '50s and early '60s. However, the Israeli Air Force was still keen to keep its MiG's out of public sight, and thus, still utilized its Dassault aircraft for its operations. Finally, at 10:00, military time, the men of the 101st were gathered and all present for the operation. Lieutenant-Colonel Yosef Alon, operation commander, would explain Operation Blink to his comrades with Commander Weizman. Giving very detailed instructions on roles, strategies, and mission objections. The atmosphere of the room was tense, as the coup in Iraq would mean that the UAR now surrounded Israel on all sides, this operation was critical if Israel was to survive future conflicts with the UAR and if it had any hopes of surviving the Arab onslaught.[/sup]
[list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list]| 𝙾𝙿𝙴𝚁𝙰𝚃𝙸𝙾𝙽 𝙱𝙻𝙸𝙽𝙺 | [/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list]
[pre][𝐌𝐎𝐒𝐒𝐀𝐃 𝐑𝐄𝐏𝐎𝐑𝐓: 𝟑𝟕𝟏𝟐𝟑] This is Director Isser Harel's report on the situation developing in Baghdad and his suggested course of action for Israel. At an unknown time on the 13th of May, in the Iraqi city Mosul, violence erupted when an unknown group of people entering from around the northside of the city began attacking Iraqi communists. Mossad agents operating in the city were unsure of what was happening until the city's radio station was seized by the Mosul brigade. It became clear to us that this was potentially the beginning of a military coup, however, we were still not sure if this was an independent military coup or an orchestrated conspiracy by the UAR. From the 13th to the 15th, military activity only increased with the anti-Qasim conspirators attacking any force loyal to the Qasim in the area. The most prominent was the persecution of the Kurdish militia, to which Mossad agents commented that the Arabs retribution on the Kurds was quote, "brutal and outright sadistic". Finally, on the 15th, our agents confirmed that this was indeed a UAR-backed coup when the conspirators raised the UAR banner over the old city citadel, which only confirmed our original suspicions of this being a UAR-backed coup. From then on, anti-Qaism forces clashed with government forces until 23rd when the man behind the coup, Al-Bazzaz, declared that Qasim had been assassinated and that he was effectively in control of the nation. We are not able to confirm in fact that Qasim is dead, but the conspiracy has non the less seized Baghdad, thus all that remains now is to take advantage of the current chaos. My suggestion is for the Israeli Air Force to immediately strike Jordanian military assets. Doing so will deny the UAR access to said assets, which will give us an immense advantage over the remaining Palestinian territory by securing air superiority in future operations. I must stress we act now without informing the government as doing so is wasting precious time on politics.[/pre]
[pre][𝐌𝐈𝐒𝐒𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐎𝐁𝐉𝐄𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐕𝐄𝐒] Operation Blink is set to accomplish the following, asset denial to the UAR and the complete destruction of the Jordanian Air Force. Intelligence reports speculate that due to the current political chaos in Baghdad, there is a window of opportunity. Since the Arabs will be attempting to consolidate power, it can be concluded that the conspirators would forbid air movements in Jordan since they would not want to risk any potential counter-coups. We cannot know how long this window of opportunity will be available, thus, we must act immediately. Our targets are Amman Air Base in Amman, King Abdullah II Air Base in Al Ghabawi, and finally Zarqa Air Base in the Zarqa governate. We suspect that most Jordanian aircraft are either stationed in King Abdullah II airbase or Zarqa, thus the brunt of the air raid must be focused on these two airfields. Not a single Jordanian aircraft is to be spared.[/pre]
[pre][𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐄𝐆𝐘] I, lieutenant-colonel Yosef Alon, under the judgment of the Chief of the General Staff Tzurxand Commander Weizman, I've been chosen to lead this operation. Tomorrow at 06:00 exact, the 101st will begin its raid into Jordan. We will be utilizing the Mystère IV and fly with a sortie of 105mm rockets, 250/500kg bombs, and our standard gun munitions. We will be deploying all of our 24 planes for this one gentleman. It will divide into two waves of attack once we cross the border, once we cross the border we cut communication and remain radio silent until we reach our targets. The 1st wave will focus on eliminating Jordanian assets in Amman, and the 2nd wave will put all of its focus on King Abdullah II and Zarqa. Brigadier Major Iftach Spector, you will lead the 1st wave in the raid on Amman. Spector, I must absolutely stress that you are not to attack the civilian part of the airport. Focus all of your firepower on the military wing, destroy the fuel storage hangers, the aircraft hangers themselves, and the runway. Not a single Jordanian plane is to be allowed to flee or fight back, you see it, you gun it down no exceptions. Major Giora Epstein, you've proven yourself competent enough and I want you to lead our men in the raid against Zarqa Air Base. While I and half of the second wave attack King Abdullah II, I want you to lead a flight of 5 to Zarqa and wipe out anything and everyone. Show them your silver wings gentleman! Rest now and prepare yourselves for tomorrow the 101st will deliver Nasser a gift to remember.[/pre]
[list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list][list]| MISSION START | [/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list][/list]
[sup][pre]The 05:40 hour, July 10th, 1962, Ramat David Air Force Base. In the hangar of the 101st, mechanics quickly finished their last-minute checkup on the jets. They'd already done extensive maintenance work on the jets last night, but it was always required to do a last-second check-up to advert potential technical malfunctions. Each pilot had spent their time reviewing the operation and getting last-minute rest to prepare for what was to come. Lieutenant Colonel Yosef Alon stood outside the hangar with his righthand man Brigadier Major Iftach Spector smoking cigarettes. They made small talk to calm down their nerves. While Yosef fully trusted Spector, he worried about the young Major Giora Epstein as he was a loose cannon during his flight school, but the young pilot proved skillful and was recommended to join the 101st. He had never participated in a mission, thus this would be his first test of kill and if he failed, his last flight. Suddenly the two men were interrupted mid-discussion when the speaker called them to prepare for takeoff. Major Giora Epstein already in his cockpit with anticipation began joking about his superiors ruined smoke break, to which Spector told him to shut up. Every pilot seated in his cockpit and prepared began driving towards the runway. The second wave under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Yosef Alon would be the first to take off with a squad of 15 planes, one after the other drove off the runway into the air, climbing up until they reached past the clouds, flying at a moderate speed. Minutes later, the 1st wave took off into the skies too. The squadron would infiltrate Jordan from the Irbid Governate and proceed to Amman, once they crossed into Jerash Governorate, the second wave would split off and rush towards Zarqa and King Abdullah airbase II to conduct their raid. While in Israeli air space the squadron would keep their radio's active but kept the chatter to a bare minimum. At the 06:34 hour, they neared Jordanian air space, their indication being the Jordan River. Lieutenant Colonel Yosef Alon would give his final instructions and order the squadron to decrease their air altitude and increase their speed to full throttle. At the 06:40 hour, the squadron had infiltrated Jordan. With no time to waste the 101st Squadron made a straight line towards Amman. At thee 07:00 hour, the 101st squadron passed the Ajloun Castle, their mark to indicate that they were nearing the Zarqa Governorate, a simple hand gesture from lieutenant-colonel Yosef Alon would cause the squadron to split into its two waves. Around the 07:20 hour, Jordanian radar systems at Amman airbase began picking up incoming planes north of Amman, but before they could confirm the ID, the roar of jet engines filled the air of Amman as they got closer and closer to the airport. At 07:26, the 1st wave began their raid. Descending straight towards the airport, Brigadier Major Iftach Spector activated his coms and ordered his 4 front jets to drop their 250kg bombs straight into the main aircraft hangar located opposite side of the civilian area. In an instant, several bombs detonated hitting the roof while others landed nearby. The raid had begun and the sirens blared loudly mixing with the roar of the explosion of the bomb. Pilot Zachary Steiner, looking in amazement as the hangar erupted into flames and dust from the impact. The other 6 jets began shooting the few aircraft that were outside the hangar with their cannons. One Jordanian British Vampire attempted to get to the runway to take off but was gunned down before it could gain enough speed. The 4 jets that had blown up the hangar turned back towards the airfield and drop their remaining ordinance of 500kg bombs over the middle part of the runway, causing damages to the pavement. With that, the 1st wave had successfully denied the UAR the assets of Amman airbase. The second wave at 7:40 passed over the city of Zarqa and was quickly approaching the Zarqa airbase, which not far from King Abdullah II airbase. Lieutenant-colonel Yosef Alon would activate his coms again and order the wave to split, Major Giora Epstein would lead a five-man crew to raid Zarqa while the rest went straight towards Abdullah. Finally, at 07:50, Major Giora Epstein began their attack on Zarqa. Approaching from the northwest, the raid was swift and precise as Epstein and his crew dropped their load onto the main hangar of the bases before the Jordanians could react. Just like in Amman the hangars erupted into fire and dust as the bombs landed on their target. They quickly turned their jets around to hit the last remaining hangar with their 2 bombs. The destruction was complete and all the remained was to unleash the 500kg bombs all over the runway strip. With their objectives complete they turned tail back to Israel. Finally, at 08:00 exact, lieutenant-colonel Yosef Alon and his squad were arriving at King Abdullah II Air Base. But as they approached 4 Jordanian Vampires had managed to take off the runway. Yosef ordered his fighters running straight munitions to engage the vampires while the rest focused on taking out the aircraft on the ground. A dog fight ensued as Israeli pilots squared off with the Jordanians in an intense dogfight. The British Vampire while being impressive for its time was outmatched by the French Mystère IV in speed and maneuverability, allowing the Israeli pilots to pick them off with their missiles. As for the rest of the wave, they managed to shoot down most of the aircraft before they could take off. With the Israelis now in control of the air, they made quick work of the airfield. Destroying hangars, radio stations, and bombing the runway strip until the pavement was full of massive holes. By 9:30 the 101st squadron had linked up and safely managed to cross back into Israeli air space. Lieutenant Colonel Yosef Alon declared Operation Blink a complete success, having successfully destroyed the Jordanian Air Force and denied the UAR access to its aircraft with no casualties and minimal damages to its aircraft. At the 10:00 hour, the 101st landed back in Ramat David Air Force Base marking the end of Operation Blink.[/pre][/sup]
Xaverium, Teujira, Val Verde-, Antillian, Zanbala Prz, Teymour, Indonesian Democracy, -Ethiopian Empire
June 1964, Ouagadougou, West African Federation
Constitutional Rewrite
For too long we have tried to model ourselves off of the nations around us. France, the Soviet Union, and China we have tried to fit a round peg into a square hole. We in West Africa are not European, or Asian, or Eastern European, we are West African and we must build a state for our people, for every person. Today in the constitutional rewrite i present to you, the so called Culture Conflict becomes codified into law. These protestors are now not only fighting against the laws I have passed, but the constitution, and the federation itself. Fascism has always been crushed under the heel of the liberated, from Germany, to Spain, and even Mali we crushed those bastards under the heel of progress under the boot of the worker. Long love the Federation and Long Live the People.
https://www.nationstates.net/nation=malian_imperial_federation/detail=factbook/id=1529217
Xaverium, Teujira, Otsla, East Germany Ddr, Gay Trash
January 1964
ePitoli Truce Expires, Anarchy in South Africa
The carefully laid out treaty that was planned and negotiated by Michael Stewart had finally expired after 4 years of fragile peace. While border raids had been common no nation had stepped so far as to declare outright war, though this now had changed. Zulu King Meshindi Phupho met with King Sobhuza II of Eswatini and King Mphephu of Venda and negotiated the formation of a Three Kingdoms Alliance. The Three Kingdoms Alliance declared war upon every princely state officially shattering the truce. The Republic of Sotho also began taking advantage of the truce and moving into several contested areas in the princely states. The northern Pedisotho kingdom began hitting hard into contested areas attempting to also get more land than the Republicans. All of South Africa has truly fallen into chaos.
Xaverium, Teujira, Otsla, Teymour, Malian Imperial Federation
[pre]Year of the Wooden Dragon
1964 | June 12[/pre]
进入龙!
[sub]Enter the Dragon![/sub]
[pre] A border incident near Xishuangbanna occurred on the 10th of June, 1964, in a brief skirmish between troops of the Royal Lao Army and the Peoples Liberation Army. The incident, which occurred in the early hours of the morning, resulted in about 5 dead on the Chinese side with reports of significant injuries also being inflicted upon Laotian troops. This incident came as a further souring of relations between the Royal Lao government and the Peoples Republic of China, already hostile towards each other due to Chinas support of the Pathet Lao insurgency in northern Laos. When information regarding this skirmish was conveyed to Beijing, the executive decision was made by the Chairman himself to initiate Operation Red Sun: the planned Chinese invasion of Laos and Thailand, as a retributory action for the perceived Laotian aggression.[/pre]
June 12th, 1964: 0545 HRS
[sub] Mohan, Mengla County, China-Laos Border[/sub]
A detachment of Chinese combined arms forces belonging to the 91st Infantry Regiment assembled on the Chinese border north of Phongsaly would use its scouting party to enter into Pathet Lao-held Phongsaly Province in the early hours of June 12th, establishing a beachhead across the border crossing and allowing for larger components of Chinese troops to push into Luang Namtha Province. This would mean a force consisting of the aforementioned PLA regulars in BTR-60s, as well as larger components of the 124th Mechanised Regiment of 11th Army, provided with mostly Type 62 light tanks and BTR-50 APCsthat would be better equipped to function in the heavily forested terrain than the Chinese Type 66 MBT. The attached Artillery Regiment would sustain a bombardment using mostly high explosive shells and smoke shells, providing fire support via PP64 mortars to the advancing Chinese forces.
June 17th, 1964: 0715 HRS
[sub]Ban Thakate, Bokeo Province, Laos[/sub]
By 0600 HRS, a large contingent of infantry from the 91st Infantry Regiment would have crossed over the newly secured beachhead into Laos, giving Chinese commanders in Kunming a force of about 11,000 men in total to work with, in addition to about 90 artillery pieces and nearly 175 Type 62 tanks. An advance scouting company comprised mainly of Lie Ren SOGs in Harbin H-5 helicopters would be escorted by a flight of 4 Nanchang Q-5IIs that would quickly move to establish air supremacy and provide close air support as the PLA advanced southbound. This force of approximately 7 H-5s would bear a crack component of nearly 200 Lie Ren troops, who would be deployed into advance positions along the border between Bokeo and Luang Namtha Provinces by 0645 HRS, capturing and digging in at the villages of Vien Pou and Kha Vieng. A component of about 30 Type 62s escorting 4,000 infantry would move to relieve these overstretched reconnaissance troops via the capture of cities such as Muang Sing and Ban Ko by the screening force of the 133rd Mechanised Battalion. The FOG despite their air support would sustain heavy casualties of up to 20% before the advancing Chinese forces could relieve their positions. Captain Cheng Yang of the 91st Infantry would be one of the soldiers deployed into Kha Vieng, and would call in an air strike from the nearby airfield in South-East Yunnan. 2 Q-5IIs would bombard the RLA positions south of Kha Vieng with nearly 1500kg of napalm in total, inflicting heavy casualties on their forces but also cutting Chinese supply lines due to the damaging of road infrastructure that would slow the advance. As a result, Chinese troops were ordered to move southeast and encircle Luang Namtha City (held by the RLA GT 2) through the capture of Ban Nam Kanne and Ban Pawi, cutting off supplies heading northward via Routes 3 and 4.
Simultaneously, the remainder of the Chinese force (about 7000 troops and 140 tanks, under Major Jie Shui) would move eastward to push through Luang Namtha and capture the city, meeting with the remainder of Chinese forces. RLA prepared positions in Luang Namtha would be met with a 3 hour long artillery bombardment using the organic Artillery Regiments 120mm mortars as well as 3 BM-21 rocket launchers that would launch 122mm rockets on the fortifications of the city. Airstrikes by J-7Cs using FAB 500 HE cluster bombs and rocket pods would also soften up and inflict serious casualties on the Lao defenders before the 12th Independent Infantry Battalion would push into the city under fire support from Type 62 tanks which would serve as a guard force on the left flank and capture it, with the troops to the south cutting off and capturing any retreating formations.
By 0715 HRS, Luang Namtha Province would be under Chinese control.
June 24th, 1964: 1256 HRS
[sub]Ban Houayxay, Bokeo Province, Laos[/sub]
Despite fierce resistance, the Chinese air campaign significantly helped diminish the RLAs warfighting capability and soften prepared defences for an offensive into Oudomxai and Bokeo Provinces, which by the 13th of June would also have been captured by the PRC.
The 91st Infantry Regiment, which had concluded operations in Luang Namtha Province, was ordered southward and would enter Oudomxai Province via routes 13 and 2W, where artillery bombardment in combination with air strikes would be used to great effect in order to prepare for the Chinese assault. A miscalculation in the strength of Laotian forces in the city would mean the repulsion of the initial assault with the loss of 700 PLA servicemen. However, the second assault, which would be conducted by the mechanised Zhanshi/Motorised Infantry of the 56th Motorised Battalion, would succeed in capturing the city and placing China in control of the strategically vital Route 13. A request would be sent to the nearby Pathet Lao forces in Phongsaly Province to fortify and secure this beachhead, in order to secure a convenient route to the capital of Luang Prabang.
The 93rd Infantry Regiment would be mobilised from Kunming, and would enter into the recently secured territories in northern Laos and proceed southbound via Route 17B toward Pak Beng and Xiengkhone. A scouting company composed of 250 Lie Ren would advance rapidly and capture Muang Meung and Houei Xai: tenuous holds that would primarily be held as advanced observational positions for the massive air campaign that would mark this phase of the campaign.
At 1215 HRS, a squadron of 5 H-7 strategic bombers would be escorted by J-8s and would deliver over 45000kg of explosive ordnance over southeastern Bokeo Province, with Oudomxai already being occupied and held by the 91st Infantry Regiment.
5 Mi-4AV gunships would then proceed southeast to Pak Beng, the strategic lynchpin of the province that would determine control of western Laos. They would be supported by a ground column of 4000 infantry from the 93rd Regiment in BTR-50 tracked APCs, giving them increased mobility in the forested terrain that would be cleared to an extend by the napalm on the gunships as well as on the escorting Q-5IIs. The gunships would deploy 500 personnel of the 15th Airborne Corps which had been attached to 11th Army as part of the 1960 PRC military reform. These paratroopers would be trained as shock troops that would rapidly fan out through the city and establish defensive positions in the periphery by holing up within houses and other smaller installations that would mean their grenade launchers and flamethrowers could be used effectively against exposed advancing infantry formations.
The paratroopers would establish a salient that would be quickly exploited by advancing Type 62 tanks escorting BTR-50s that would rapidly clear out the city and establish control. The column would be split into two flanking arms spearheaded by 12 Type 62s each, which would surround the city and move inward relieving the paratroopers and capturing the city.
With the fall of Pak Beng, Luang Namtha, Oudomxai and Bokeo Provinces would all be under Chinese control.
Over the coming days, formations of the Peoples Armed Police would be deployed into Laos to suppress dissent and maintain order under the new military administration.
June 30th, 1964
[sub]Houei Xai, Laos-Thailand border[/sub]
Following attempts by the Royal Thai Army to restore RLA control of Western Laos, PLA 45th Battalion and formations of the Royal Thai Army would clash southwest of Houei Xai in a border conflict that would leave 20 Chinese dead with unknown numbers of casualties inflicted on the Thais. It remains to be seen whether this will escalate into a larger conflict via a major offensive by the Thai Army into Bokeo Province, or whether this will remain an isolated incident.
Xaverium, Teujira, Otsla, Zanbala Prz, East Germany Ddr, Teymour
Resume RP
Tehrān Royal palace 1964
The atmosphere In Tehrān is one of anger. The white revolution was put down before it could gain any traction by the shah and his military forces. However this still left many people disatisfied with the shahs rule. Tehrān is still currently in a state of relaxed martial law as the military has taken control of most policing duties. And a curfew has been set to 2200. (1000). Right now the Shaw is mainly concerned about securing his rule over Iran and is going to start to show a more diplomatic effort with its neighbors. With the military largely supporting the Shaw there is little concern of a coup. So at the very least the only concern is of a general uprising.
OOC hey yall this is just like a update rp, I intend on writing a much longer rp soon. Im excited to get back into the swing of things. Im glad this region is still going strong and I fully trust that it will continue to be the best rp region in NS
Xaverium, Val Verde-, Otsla, Czabalkia, Teymour, Austreylia
Post by Indonesian United Republic suppressed by Val Verde-.
Indonesian and Malaysian Border Conflict Part 2 (My Main account Indonesian democracy wasnt working
[sub]1964 Southeast Asia[/sub]
Indonesia starting a large air raid along a small city near the coast and sent 100 000 troops to attack it but the was a distraction and theyd flank the army they sent to counter the attack on the city a blockade begun on Malaysia seizing any supply ships and sending them back though would be difficult with 3 Indonesian ships sunk trying to do this para jumpers landed on Malaysian airfields most were unsuccessful but 2 were captured three airfields were built on a few islands to gain air superiority. The attack and flank was a success capturing 52 000 troops and 48 tanks another air raid began but the bombers were shot down Indonesia marine corps we able to capture a military base with ammunition guns tank aircrafts and food a good amount to give the Indonesian armed forces a boost. Indonesian and Malaysian troops exchanged bullets at each other killing thousands boths sides wanting peace but Indonesian wanting the rest of north Borneo and Malaysia didnt like that so there were arguments soon something would happen and multiple truces happened and troops exchanging cigarettes food candy and gifts similar to the Christmas truce in World War One
[sub]Sorry Mods for pinging you I just didnt like being kicked for someone I am not please let me continue posting because its fun I am sorry and I wish I could join sorry if you think Im elstala but thats somebody I am not this might be my final post if it is good bye[/sub]
The Shah of Iran
Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi
The Shah of Iran has departed for Beijing to discuss a possible trade deal and oil pipeline that could connect the two nations.
Teymour, Austreylia
[quote= https://www.nationstates.net/nation=val_verde-] the mods told me I could still post Rmbs why did you delete mine everyone told me I could still post
Iranian Times-1963 August
Infrastructure project
Shah Mohammad Reza has announced today the construction of a major rail line that will connect Tehrān to The cities of Shiraz and Bandar Abbas. The Shah is doing this to promote the growth of Bandar Abbas as he belives the city could grow to be a major trade port in the future if the infrastructure is there to support it. This will also allow faster travel of supplies to the capital, and better connects Shiraz to both cities. The cost is estimated to be around 364 million dollars (1963 currency)USD. However it may very well increase due to the large distance between the three cities.
Bandar Abbas-port expansion
In order to meet the ever increasing demand for oil, and the expanding import and export demand of Iran the shah has authorized that 75 million (1963)USD be spent on upgrading the port infrastructure of Bandar Abbas, to meet the ever increasing global demand of trade.
The Shahs goal
Ultimately the goal of the shah is to create More temporary and permanent jobs with the creation of these new infrastructure projects, that will hopefully make the Iranian people happier with the shahs rule. Despite the large cost of these projects.
Xaverium, Zanbala Prz, Teymour
As the Shah's aircraft touches down at Beijing Capital International Airport, he is greeted by a Chinese welcoming committee led by Premier and Foreign Minister Zhou Enlai.
Zhou Enlai: Your Highness, welcome to China. If you'll just follow me into this car, we'll be on our way to Tiananmen Square to meet the Chairman himself. We, as I'm sure you know, have much to discuss.
Antillian
Mohammad
Excellent im sure it will be a fine meeting
*enters car
Executive Chairman of the West African Federation
Leopold Sedar Senghor
The Executive Chairman of the WAF departs for Tehran by airplane to open ties with the Iranian government.
Antillian, Indonesian United Democracy
Upon entering the chamber of the Chinese Presidium in Tiananment Square, the party meets with members of the Politburo including Chairman Mao Zedong, who greets the Shah in Chinese and beckons to a nearby translator to interpret his remarks into Persian.
Mao Zedong: Good afternoon, your Highness! I trust your flight was a pleasant one? Let's on to business, shall we? Now the primary purpose of inviting you to Beijing was to discuss the construction of a Chinese pipeline into Iran, as well as potentially inking a long-term oil supply deal. China is also interested in offering Iran attractive deals on refining and extracting equipment, as well as potentially cooperation in the defence sector - would Iran be interested in arms sales?
Antillian, -Ethiopian Empire, Indonesian United Democracy
As Chairman Leopolds plane touches down in Tehran International, A royal welcome party is waiting on the tarmac.
Foreign Minister Truly
Welcome Chairman Leopold and welcome to Iran. Please accompany me to the royal car. We will be headed to the royal palace.
Indonesian United Democracy
Shah Mohammed
We would be interested in arms sales, and cooperation in the future, as I am trying to modernize the Iranian military. As for the pipe line I would be heavily interested in this idea, However id like to know what your plans are for making it happen. As there are a few nations between China and Iran.
Indonesian United Democracy
Assembled with Dot's Region Saver.
Written by Refuge Isle.